University of Perpetual Help System Laguna

Isabela Campus
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND EDUCATION
Minante Uno, Cauayan City, Isabela 3305

ELEMENTARY STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY

Final Examination 14 copies
2nd Semester, A.Y. 2019 – 2020

Name: Score:____________
Course: _____

General Direction: Answer the following items as instructed.

1. Prepare a frequency distribution starting with 4 , with class interval of 6, for the following
random data on the number of Alcohol sold daily by a Supermarket at SM, Cauayan City, Isabela
for 20 days due to COVID – 19. Show data in columns containing percentages of relative
frequency, less than cumulative frequency and greater than cumulative frequency. (20pts)

5 16 11 18
10 6 22 15
16 30 26 23
25 20 19 23
27 31 29 36

Solutions:

Class Tally f Percentag <cf >cf D Fd

Interval e
5 – 10 111 3 15% 3 20 -3 -9
11- 16 1111 4 20% 7 17 -2 -8
17 – 22 1111 4 20% 11 13 -1 -4
23 – 28 11111 5 25% 16 9 0 0
29 – 34 111 3 15% 19 4 1 3
35 – 40 1 1 5% 20 1 2 2
TOTAL n=20 100% -16

2. From the data above, calculate the following and provide data analysis:
a. Mean, Median and Mode (6pts)
b. P25 , P75 and D5 (6pts) e. Variance and Standard deviation
c. Deviation from Mean (1pt) (4pts)
d. Interquartile Range (3pts)

Solutions:

a. Mean=25.5+6 ( −16
20 )
=20.7

10−7
Median=16.5+6 (
4 )
=21

1
Mode=22.5+6 (
1+ 2 )
=24.5

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 25 ( 20 )
b.
P25=10.5+6
100
(
4
−3
=13.5 )
75 ( 20 )
P75=16.5+6
100
( 5
−11
=27.3 )
5 ( 20 )
D5=10.5+ 6 (
10
4
−7
=15 )
c.

3. List the elements of each of the following sample spaces: (1pt each)
a. the set of integers between 1 and 50 divisible by 8
b. the set S= { x| x 2 +4 x−5=0 }
c. the set of outcomes when a coin is tossed until a tail or three heads appear;
d. the set S = {x | x is a continent}
e. the set S = {x | 2x−4 ≥ 0 and x<1}.
Solutions:
a. S={8,16,24,32,40,48}
b. S={-5,1}
c. S={T, HT, HHT, HHH}
d. S={N.America, S. America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica}
e. S=∅
4. An experiment involves tossing a pair of dice, one green and one red, and recording the numbers
that come up. If x equals the outcome on the green die and y the outcome on the red die, describe
the sample space S (1 pt each)
a. by listing the elements (x,y)
b. by using the rule method.
Solutions:
a. S = {(1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(1,4),(1,5),(1,6),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(2,4),(2,5),(2,6), (3,1),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),
(3,5),(3,6),(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(4,5),(4,6), (5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6),(6,1),(6,2),(6,3),
(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)}.
b. S = {(x,y) | 1 ≤ x,y ≤ 6}.
5. For the sample space of No.4: (2 pts each)
a. list the elements corresponding to the event A that the sum is greater than 8
b. list the elements corresponding to the event B that a 2 occurs on either die
c. list the elements corresponding to the event C that a number greater than 4 comes up on the
green die
d. construct a Venn diagram to illustrate the intersections and unions of the events A, B, and C.
Solutions:
a. A = {(3,6),(4,5),(4,6),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)}.
b. B = {(1,2),(2,2),(3,2),(4,2),(5,2),(6,2),(2,1),(2,3),(2,4), (2,5),(2,6)}.
c. C = {(5,1),(5,2),(5,3),(5,4),(5,5),(5,6),(6,1),(6,2),(6,3),(6,4),(6,5),(6,6)}.
d.

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 6. A developer of a new subdivision offers a prospective home buyer a choice of 4 designs, 3
different heating systems, a garage or carport, and a patio or screened porch. How many different
plans are available to this buyer? (2pts)
Answer: 48
7. A drug for the relief of asthma can be purchased from 5 different manufacturers in liquid, tablet,
or capsule form, all of which come in regular and extra strength. How many different ways can a
doctor prescribe the drug for a patient suffering from asthma? (2pts)
Answer: 30
8. In how many different ways can a true-false test consisting of 9 questions be answered? (2pts)

Answer: 29=512

9. How many ways are there to select 3 candidates from 8 equally qualified recent graduates for
openings in an accounting firm? (2pts)
Answer:8 P 3=6,720
10. Three lottery tickets for first, second, and third prizes are drawn from a group of 40 tickets. Find
the number of sample points in S for awarding the 3 prizes if each contestant holds only 1 ticket.
(2pts)
Answer: 40P3= 59,280
11. How many ways are there that no two students will have the same birth date in a class of size 60?
(2pts)
Answer: 365P60
12. In how many ways can 4 boys and 5 girls sit in a row if the boys and girls must alternate? (2pts)
Answer: (5)(4)(4)(3)(3)(2)(2)(1)(1)=2880
13. In a high school graduating class of 100 students, 54 studied mathematics, 69 studied history, and
35 studied both mathematics and history. If one of these students is selected at random, find the
probability that (2pts each)

a. the student took mathematics or history;

b. the student did not take either of these subjects
c. the student took history but not mathematics.
Solutions:
88 22
a. P ( M ∪ H )= =
100 25
12 3
b. P ( M ' ∩ H ' ) = =
100 25
34 17
c. P ( H ∩ M ' ) = =
100 50

14. If a letter is chosen at random from the English alphabet, find the probability that the letter (2pts
each)
a. is a vowel exclusive of y;
b. is listed somewhere ahead of the letter j;
c. is listed somewhere after the letter g.
Solutions:
a. Since 5 of the 26 letters are vowels, we get a probability of 5/26.
b. Since 9 of the 26 letters precede j, we get a probability of 9/26.
c. Since 19 of the 26 letters follow g, we get a probability of 19/26.

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 15. A pair of fair dice is tossed. Find the probability of getting (2pts each)
a. a total of 8;
b. at most a total of 5.

Solutions:
a. Of the (6)(6) = 36 elements in the sample space, only 5 elements (2,6), (3,5), (4,4), (5,3), and
(6,2) add to 8. Hence the probability of obtaining a total of 8 is then 5/36.
b. Ten of the 36 elements total at most 5. Hence the probability of obtaining a total of at most is
10/36=5/18.

16. An automobile manufacturer is concerned about a possible recall of its best-selling four-door
sedan. If there were a recall, there is a probability of 0.25 of a defect in the brake system, 0.18 of
a defect in the transmission, 0.17 of a defect in the fuel system, and 0.40 of a defect in some other
area. (2pts each)
a. What is the probability that the defect is the brakes or the fueling system if the probability of
defects in both systems simultaneously is 0.15?
b. What is the probability that there are no defects in either the brakes or the fueling system?
Solutions:
a. Let A = Defect in brake system; B = Defect in fuel system; P(A∪B) = P(A)+ P(B)−P(A∩B) =
0.25 + 0.17−0.15 = 0.27.
b. P(No defect) = 1−P(A∪B) = 1−0.27 = 0.73.
17. If R is the event that a convict committed armed robbery and D is the event that the convict
pushed dope, state in words what probabilities are expressed by (1pt each)
a. P(R|D)
b. P(D’|R)
c. P(R’|D’).
Solutions:
a. The probability that a convict who pushed dope, also committed armed robbery.
b. The probability that a convict who committed armed robbery, did not push dope.
c. The probability that a convict who did not push dope also did not commit armed robbery.

18. The probability that an automobile being filled with gasoline also needs an oil change is 0.25; the
probability that it needs a new oil filter is 0.40; and the probability that both the oil and the filter
need changing is 0.14. (2pts each)
a. If the oil has to be changed, what is the probability that a new oil filter is needed?
b. If a new oil filter is needed, what is the probability that the oil has to be changed?

Solutions:

C : an oil change is needed

F :an oil filter isneeded
P(F ∩C) 0.14
a. P ( F|C )= = =0.56
P(C) 0.25
P(F ∩C) 0.14
b. P ( C|F )= = =0. 3 5
P( F) 0. 40

19. A random sample of 200 adults are classified below by sex and their level of education attained.

Education Male Female

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 Elementary 38 45
Secondary 28 50
College 22 17

If a person is picked at random from this group, find the probability that (2pts)
a. the person is a male, given that the person has a secondary education;
b. the person does not have a college degree, given that the person is a female.

Solutions:

Consider the events:

M: a person is a male;
S: a person has a secondary education;
C: a person has a college degree.
28 14
a. P ( M|S )= =
78 39
95
b. P ( C '|M ' )=
112

Prepared by: Approved by:

MANUEL C. FRANCISCO, LPT BRO. GLENN A. GALINGANA, FSM, LPT

Instructor Dean, College of Arts & Education

GOD BLESS!

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