Unit 4- Contemporary Examples adopting Traditional architectural

elements in Rajasthan

Unit's Overview
This unit shall evaluate some contemporary architectural examples from the region of
Rajasthan for being sensitive to the community, climate, material, technology and
craftsmanship. The examples discussed are -
 Jawaher Kala Kendra,
 Neemrana Campus,
 Pearl Academy
 Disha Foundation School.

Unit Objectives
1. Evaluate some contemporary architectural responses of the region for being sensitive to
the community, climate, material, technology and craftsmanship.
2. Enumerate some Contemporary Examples from Rajasthan which follow certain
vernacular trends prevalent in Rajasthan.
3. Identify some Contemporary Examples of Rajasthan which follow the traditional
architectural features.
4. Enumerate the architectural features of some modern structures where the traditional
elements of design have been integrated.
5. Explain the layout and architectural features of the
 Jawahar Kala Kendra, Jaipur
 Neemrana Campus, Jaipur
 Pearl Fashion Academy, Jaipur
 Disha Foundation School, Jaipur.

Summary

NIIT CAMPUS NEEMRANA, RAJASTHAN

INTRODUCTION

Building a University Campus at Neemrana right at the edge of Thar Desert was a huge
challenge. With extreme desert climate, dusty winds, highly eroded landscape, no water
supply, no sewerage system and no infrastructure to support, the 100 acre site sits next to a
hillock on the foothills of Aravali midway between Delhi and Jaipur. The design brief was to
have a university with world class facilities offering undergraduate, postgraduate and
research programmes in different disciplines.
A model showing the west side view of the site

The design of the University campus in Neemrana, Rajasthan is an attempt to the goal of
sustainable development. .

DESIGN OBJECTIVE

 To use available resources to create a comfortable, healthy and interactive educational

campus.
 To address off site and on site environmental issues and develop a prototype for future
developments in the region.
 To apply the concept of environmental and economic sustainability as the major
determinants for design.
 It is also a study of how buildings need to be designed in a hot and dry region.

Traditional Rajasthan architecture is characterized by compact high density planning,

enclosing open space within buildings, massive construction, small openings, water
conservation, shaded outdoor spaces, varied visual elements and a strong architectural
vocabulary. Though these principles made it possible for people to survive in the desert, not
all of these concepts are relevant today. The design of the University at Neemrana
incorporates the basic planning concepts without the usual trappings of traditional
architectural expression and uses them in a modern context with new technology.
View while entering the campus

THE SITE: The 75 acre site is halfway between Delhi and Jaipur about 1.5 kms off NH-8. It
is a dry, deeply eroded barren wasteland, not used for agriculture. Building on this degraded
land provides an opportunity to bring the site and the neighboring hill under a vegetative
cover, thus reclaiming it.

Since the site is more than 100 km from Delhi and Jaipur, the campus is planned to be fully
residential. The built-up area of the campus is 3, 00,000 sqm. It houses about 5000 students
and 500 staff families. In later years when surrounding areas get more residential buildings,
the University plans to enroll 2500 day scholars. The University runs degree courses for
undergraduates, postgraduates and research programmes. Water scarcity, lack of vegetative
cover, intense heat and dust are some of the issues at the site. But adjacent to the site is a hilly
outcrop that provides a dramatic backdrop and a great natural resource.

A ‘WALKING-IN-SHADE’ CAMPUS: Like a traditional desert settlements, the University

campus has been planned as a very dense campus where buildings will help each other
survive in the otherwise hostile environment. The high density makes it possible to have a
walking campus free of private motor vehicles. The Campus is designed to be fully
residential being conscious of the huge amount of energy spent in commuting either from
Delhi or Jaipur. It will be a Car-free campus which will run buses for students and teachers at
a later date if required. Visitors will park their vehicles in a common parking facility near the
entrance. This way, it will not only be sustainable, but will also foster a safer, healthier and
active community life on the campus.

A shaded “pedestrian spine” will link all the major buildings and only emergency and public
service vehicles will have access to internal roads of the campus. The pedestrian spine has
been conceived as a bazaar connecting various parts of the campus and designed to be full of
activity at all hours. All public places will be located on the spine.
Cooling System in Academic Buildings

WATER CONSERVATION: Rajasthan has a tradition of conserving and using water. All
settlements in Rajasthan have magnificent water structures like lakes, stepwells and baolis to
collect rainwater for use throughout the year. Likewise, conservation of water is an
underlying design theme in the University. The hydrological survey showed that rainwater
from the hills comes to the site through the natural water courses. These existing slopes and
water courses on site have been maintained and are converted into green belts where
rainwater from the hills will flow and recharge ground water. When dry, these spaces will be
used for outdoor activities. The available ground water has been taken as the basis of
determining the carrying capacity of the site. Furthermore, the University will promote water
conservation amongst the population on site, treat and reuse its waste water and thus draw no
more than the annual recharge.
Water saving thermal-conditioning system and low-flow toilet fixtures shall be used. Treated
water from STP will be utilized for toilet flushing and landscaping reducing the requirement
of fresh water to about half. The bio-technology department of the University has already
started a project of greening the hillside beyond the site boundary. Native plant species that
require little water shall be used. It is a move away from a resource consuming ‘beautiful
landscape’ to a more contextual landscape that the site can support.
North Side Elevation

PHASING AND ZONING: Development and expansion will happen over a long period as
the university grows and hence phasing of the project has acquired a new meaning. The linear
pattern of site planning allows a small initial nucleus of academic buildings, staff residences
and hostels to grow as required. The plan is like a spring roll in which all sections contain all
flavors. The plan will allow continuous expansion with least disturbance to existing buildings
and landscape. This approach also allows us to build only what is required allowing for a
need based expansion in future without compromising on the coherence of the campus as a
whole. The special zoning of functions aims to bring them together and is very different from
other university campuses where different functions are segregated by large open spaces.

Day lighting in Academic Buildings

Master Plan

The Elevation

View of the amphitheatre and academic buildings

High level windows with external and internal light shelves bring light deep into the rooms

USE OF OPEN SPACE: In true Rajasthan tradition, the buildings of the University are
designed around courtyards. The enclosed outdoor spaces remain at an intermediate
temperature. These are acoustically separated from indoor space which makes it possible to
use them independently. Instead of a grand entrance to the University Buildings, there is a
system of interconnected courts that in Rajasthani tradition, serve as entrance courts.

Entry to academic and Hostel Buildings from Pedestrian spine

BUILDING DESIGN:
 All buildings are oriented in north-south direction with minimal exposure on the west side.
 Use of glass on the exterior is restricted and sun shading designed to let in the light
keeping the heat out.
 Buildings are usable from outside and detailed to avoid thermal bridges.
 They are designed to be comfortably cool and dust free without conventional air-
conditioning.
 The buildings will be built with high percentage of recycled materials. Walls will be made
of fly ash bricks and finished with local stone chips.

AIR AND DUST CONTROL: Traditionally, University buildings have been non air-
conditioned. This situation has been challenged in recent times with the advent of computers.
Vast numbers of individual buildings requiring computers have been retrofitted with
inefficient window and split air conditioning units. The trend has slowly proliferated into
laboratories, administrative areas, faculty rooms and even classrooms and hostels. Today one
can see the unsightly air conditioning units all over University buildings. In these places
where the ambient dust levels are high, non air conditioned Universities have to employ an
army of cleaners. These issues called for an economical and sustainable way of cooling and
dust control. The solution lay in supplying treated fresh air to all rooms through a system of
masonry ducts.

The air is cooled by passing it through underground tunnels, humidifying or dehumidifying it

and removing dust through an ionization process. The air cooling system is coupled with self
regulating displacement ventilation. The system will work with 100 % fresh air.

DAYLIGHTING: The academic buildings are mainly day lit and artificial lighting is used
only when daylight is not available. The building section is designed to have deeper rooms on
the south side and shallower on the north side. High level windows with external and internal
light shelves improve the distribution of light in the deep laboratories on the south side. View
windows with external shading have been provided at eye level. To provide lighting for small
rooms at the top floor, small skylights have been provided. The passages are also lit through
skylights. Those parts of the buildings that cannot get daylight directly, will have efficient
artificial lights powered by Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) energy. The grid interactive SPV
system will not use batteries. The idea is to use solar energy when it is available and not
when one has to use artificial light in any case. The total energy consumption for
environmental control (lighting and air conditioning) will be limited to about 25 kwh per
annum per sqm of built space.

CONCLUSION: In the era of abundance where everyone wants more of everything, the key
to future lies in doing with less. This University design is an attempt in that direction utilizing
the resources in an efficient way to create a built environment that uses less land, less
building, less water, less private motorized vehicles and less energy.

References:

http://naredco.in/pdfs/Vinod-Gupta.pdf

http://www.space-design.com/Upload/PR0021.pdf

http://www.mnre.gov.in/akshayurja/akshayurja-april-2011/Building%20a%20green%20campus.pdf

http://nma-design.com/green-school/index_htm_files/8%20Vinod%20Gupta%20-
%20NIIT%20Campus.pdf

PEARL ACADEMY OF FASHION, JAIPUR

INTRODUCTION

 Pearl Academy of Fashion is a leading fashion and design education institute in India.
 The Pearl Academy of Fashion is located in a typical hot, dry, desert type climate on the
outskirts of Jaipur (India) in the soulless Kukas industrial area, about 20 kilometers from
the famous walled city.
 The architecture of the academy needed to be a confluence of modern adaptations of
traditional Indo-Islamic architectural elements and passive cooling strategies prevalent in
the hot-dry desert climate.
 The interior design features sinuous triple height courtyards that combine on the lower
level to form a communal landscape enlivened by experimental activities, and a catwalk
that extends over sunken pools.
 With less than 1000sq metres, the colorful four-storey extension went beyond the brief to
provide six new classrooms, but also gave the school a new entrance, reorienting the
campus, and solving critical issues of accessibility.
 Showing creativity in the use of standard curtain walling technology, the new wing has
created many new learning opportunities in a tight budget with limited means, producing
vital new spaces.
 Pearl Academy of Fashion, Jaipur, is designed by architecture firm Morphogenesis and
has become Learning Winner of World Architecture Festival 2009.
 It is designed as a low cost, environmentally sensitive campus, first of its kind in India.
 The project is set in a typical hot, dry, desert-type climate on the outskirts of Jaipur in an
industrial setting.
 Hence, an introverted typology for the building design was a necessity. Given the nature
of an institution, budgetary constraints on the project necessitated the use of cost
effective design solutions to keep within the price points set by the client and yet be able
to achieve the desired functionality and effect.
 The adverse climate makes it a challenge to control the microclimate within the project,
thus incorporating various passive climate control methods becomes essential and also
reduces the dependence on mechanical environmental control measures which are
resource hungry.
 The design creates a series of multifunctional spaces which blend the indoors with the
outdoors seamlessly. Passive climate control methods reduce/eliminate the dependence
on expensive mechanical heating and cooling methods in a state with scarce resources.
 The radical architecture of the institute emerges from a fusion of the rich traditional
building knowledge bank and cutting edge contemporary architecture.

CONCEPT

 The Pearl Academy of Fashion, Jaipur is a campus which by virtue of its design is geared
towards creating an environmentally responsive passive habitat.
 The institute creates interactive spaces for a highly creative student body to work in
multifunctional zones which blend the indoors with the outdoors seamlessly.
 The entire building is raised over the ground and the resultant scooped-out underbelly
forms a natural thermal skin by way of a water body.
 The water body which is fed by the recycled water from the sewage treatment plant
helps in the creation of a microclimate through evaporative cooling.
 This underbelly, which is thermally banked on all sides, serves as a large recreation and
exhibition zone.
 Passive environmental design helps achieve temperature of about 27 degree Celsius
inside the building even when the outside temperatures are at 47 degree Celsius.
 The radical architecture of the institute emerges from a fusion of the rich traditional
building knowledge bank and cutting edge contemporary architecture.

CLIMATE RESPONSIVE ARCHITECTURE

 Many elements of the thermally adaptive environment borrow from the tradition of
passive cooling techniques prevalent in the hot-dry desert climate of Rajasthan.
 The design takes two almost inviolable Rajasthani architectural motifs and gives them a
contemporary twist;
o The stone screen known as the ‘jaali’ and
o The open-to-sky courtyard.
 The building is protected from the environment by a double skin which is derived from
the ‘Jaali’. The double skin acts as a buffer between the building and the surroundings.
 The density of the perforated outer skin has been derived using computational shadow
analysis based on the orientation of the facades.
 The outer skin sits 4 feet away from the building and reduces the direct heat gain
through fenestrations.
 Drip channels running along the inner face of the screen allow for passive downdraft
evaporative cooling, thus reducing the incident wind temperature.

Traditional Influences – Stepped Well (Baoli) and Screen (Jaali)

Use of Traditional Elements in a Contemporary manner

Solar Study -Shadow Analysis Latitude: 26.053 N, Longitude: 75.05 E

 Environmental design is also employed as a strategy to lower energy costs in the long
run.
 The traditional courtyards take on amorphous shapes within the regulated form of the
cloister-like periphery.
 The shaded courtyards help control the temperature of internal spaces and open step-
wells, while allowing sufficient day lighting inside studios and classrooms.
 The entire building is raised above the ground and a scooped out under belly forms a
natural thermal sink which is cooled by water bodies through evaporative cooling.
 This under belly which is thermally banked on all sides serves as a large student
recreation and exhibition zone and forms the anchor for the entire project.
 During the night, when the desert temperature drops, this floor solely dissipates the
heat to the surroundings, keeping the area thermally comfortable. Materials such as
local stones, mosaic flooring with steel, glass and concrete help meet the climatic needs
of the region while retaining the progressive design intent, keeping in line with the aims
of the institute.
 Rainwater harvesting is promoted and wastewater recycling is done through the use of a
sewage treatment plant.
The Jaalis
Source: http://cdn.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/1258033585-mor-jai-0001-
336x450.jpg

MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES

 The materials used for construction are a mix of local stone, steel, glass,
and concrete chosen keeping in mind the climatic needs of the region while retaining the
progressive design intent.
 Energy efficiency is a prime concern and the institute is 100% self sufficient in terms of
captive power and water supply and promotes rain water harvesting and waste water
re-cycling through the use of a sewage treatment plant.
 Besides having become a very successful model for cost effective passive architecture
in desert regions the design and facilities of the campus complement the ideology of the
Pearl Academy of Fashion – a cutting edge design institute with a sustainable approach.
The Floor Plans

Section
Sectional View

Sectional Detail
 Various Zones

Source: http://connect.in.com/pearl-academy-of-fashion/photos-pearl-academy-of-fashion-
morphogenesis-1186197277617.html
Microclimate Environmental Cooling
Source: http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php

Under Belly
CONCLUSION

 The Pearl Academy of Fashion is an exemplar of an inclusive architecture which intends

to accommodate all the heritage values while positioning it within the contemporary
cultural and architectural paradigm.

 As the first institutional building in its district, the Pearl became a catalyst for a more
diverse urban regeneration- Cultural, economic and social sustainability.

 The architecture of the academy needed to be a confluence of modern adaptations of

traditional Indo-Islamic architectural elements and passive cooling strategies prevalent in
the hot-dry desert climate of Rajasthan such as open courtyards, water body, a step-well
or baoli and jaalis (perforated stone screen).

 It has become a successful model for cost-effective passive architecture in desert

regions, the design and facilities of the campus complement the ideology of The Pearl
Academy of Fashion.

 The Campus in Jaipur won the award for the 'World's Best Learning Building' at the
World Architecture Festival Awards in 2009.

REFERENCES

 www.pearlacademy.com
 http://www.republikkreatif.com/contemporary-learning-school-architecture-pearl-
academy-of-fashion-jaipur-by-morphogenesis/
 http://www.morphogenesis.org/data/media/press-releases/PearlAcademy.pdf
 http://cdn.archdaily.net
 http://www.architeria.com/education-building/contemporary-architecture-design-of-the-
pearl-academy-of-fashion-in-jaipur-by-morphogenesis
 http://www.dezeen.com/2009/09/08/pearl-academy-of-fashion-by-morphogenesis.

DISHA FOUNDATION SCHOOL, JAIPUR

Introduction

The School is for mentally challenged children of age 5-16 years. It was founded by a
charitable organisation. The school was operating from a rented house till recently. As a
charity, they were offered, by the Development Authority, a rather restricted urban site to
develop the school building.
This School is located on a tight urban site incorporates a training center for teachers and
helpers while providing for requirements of the special child. The three storey building
prioritizes access to define space for the educational environment. It also answers
environment and energy at low costs. The firm of Ashok Lall Architects designed and
developed the campus of an area of 0.25 acre, in 2004. The capacity is 170 maximum with
students from Kindergarten to grade 10. Lift has not been installed as the ramps have been
found very satisfactory.

Architectural Features
 The design for the school was guided primarily by the needs of the special child, his
access, safety and comfort. As an institution of learning and training, the building design
provides a lively environment for two important needs — a sense of community under the
shelter of a roof, and a sense of independence and flexibility for the use of individual
activity spaces.
 The entrance forecourt has been designed as a play garden and an outdoor gathering space,
with the curved façade of the building acting as a backdrop to the stage. All ground floor
rooms have outdoor extensions under the shade of trees, and the rooms on the upper floors
and the library have access to terraces, shaded with pergola.
 On entering the building, children arrive into an all-weather Center Court, which is used
for playing and exercising. This court becomes the integral part of all activities by
connecting all floors visually and involving people on upper floors in the activity on the
ground floor.
 Gently-sloped ramps circum-ambulate around the central court, and the building rises in
comfortable stages with places for pause and rest along the way.
 The activity spaces on each floor are separated from these ramps by corridors, which act as
buffer space. The corridors have display boards on the outer walls of class rooms, which
are formed on the back of cabinets of the class room, thus cutting off the noise from the
central space, completely.
 All workrooms have glare-free natural light from a window system designed for even
distribution of day-light, thus eliminating the need of artificial lighting during day.
 The air-cooling system is integrated with structural system. The workspaces are air-cooled
through vertical ducts coming down from rooftop coolers.
 The building envelope is designed to keep the interiors cool in summers, warm in winters
and well-ventilated during the monsoon season.
 Particular care is taken for fire-safety, considering the difficulties of movement for the
physically challenged. There are numerous fire escape routes and exits from the building.
Additionally, the terrace spaces provide fire-safe zones on each floor.
 The building seeks to contribute its share of environmental stimuli that the young minds at
the school would enjoy. The play of light, colour, texture to touch and feel and fragrance
are integrated into the building fabric.
 A strong presence is given to trees, creepers, flowering plants, which have been planted
this year — to reflect the cycle of seasons and to invite butterflies, birds and squirrels to
make their homes at the centre.

Educator Narrative

 The school is very well designed keeping in mind the ease of the disabled child.
 The building is very interactive with the central atrium linked to all corridors and ramps
with places to stand and sit in between to observe the activities all around.
 The teachers love to sit and observe the activities of children from one of the rest benches.
Children also seem to love the space as they want to spend most time in the atrium, spill-
over spaces and terraces.
 The ramps provide for the main circulation and are placed at such a location that everybody
uses them, not just students in wheelchair.
 Thus reinforcing the policy of ‘inclusion’, and there could not have been a better way to
convey that we are all one.
 The pergola shaded terraces in the centre of the building with creepers on top of them
connect the building to nature and add a character.
 The amount of natural light is very and in most of the areas the users hardly need any
artificial lights.
 The building has an ambiance that impresses everyone. The excellent design, the ambiance
and the sensitivity of the architect has been appreciated extensively by students,
professionals, people from the community, V.I.P.s, government officials, etc.
 The building has been declared by the government as a demonstration model to study the
ease of access, and the government is also constructing buildings at various other places on
the guidelines of the school.

Floor plans
Sections
Central Court

Exterior Views
Home Science Room, Library Terrace

Varied Indoor Activities

Around the Court

Entrance, windows, upper floor terrace, lamp post

Conclusion

Disha Foundation School, Jaipur proves to be an economical building who’s rational of

planning is provided by the universal access ramp and all the needs of the special child.
Vertical structural ducts bring evaporating cooled air into the rooms. This washes across the
room and escapes through the soffit (shaded with a net in summers) central court. The
structure has successfully incorporated age-old traditional design features.

Refence:
http://www.designshare.com/index.php/projects/disha-foundation-school

JAWAHAR KALA KENDRA, JAIPUR, INDIA

INTRODUCTION

Jawahar Kala Kendra is an arts and crafts centre located in the city of Jaipur. The centre is
important not because of the nomenclature but its close association with the city of Jaipur
itself. The centre was launched by the state government to provide space to the cultural and
spiritual values of India and display the rich craft heritage. The centre is dedicated to the late
prime minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru.

The plan was prepared by the noted architect Charles Correa in 1986 and the building was
ready in 1991. The plan is inspired by the original city plan of Jaipur, consisting of nine
squares with central square left open.

Architect’s sketch of the entrance facade

Ideas for the building, sited in an open field near the university in a new part of the city,
formed in Correa's mind; but it was not until 1986 that the concept for the building was
finalized.

CONCEPT

 The centre is an analogue of the original city pIan of Jaipur drawn up by the
Maharaja, a scholar, mathematician and astronomer, Jai Singh the Second, in the mid-
17th century. His city plan, guided by the Shipla Shastras, was based on the ancient Vedic
madala of nine squares or houses which represent the nine planets (including two
imaginary ones Ketu and Rahu). Due to the presence of a hill one of the squares was
transposed to the east and two of the squares were amalgamated to house the palace.

 Charles Correa's plan for the Kendra invokes directly the original navagraha or
nine house rnandala. One of the squares is pivoted to recall the original city plan and also
 to create the entrance. The plan of Jaipur city based on the nine square Yantra in which
one square is displaced and two central squares combined. the squares is defined by 8m
high wall, symbolic of the fortification wall along the Jaipur old city

INSPIRATION

JAWAHAR KALA KENDRA - PLAN

JAWAHAR KALA KENDRA - INTERIOR
LAYOUT ACCORDING TO THE MANDALA

The building program has been "disaggregated" into eight separate groupings corresponding
to the myths represented by that particular planet:

 for instance, the library is located ill the square of the planet Mercury which
traditionally represents knowledge,
 the theatres are in the house of Venus, representing the arts.
 The central square, as specified in the Vedic Shastras, is a void- representing the
Nothing which is Everything. The flooring pattern in this square is a diagram of the
lotus representing the sun. City Palace, Jaipur.

The astrological symbol of each planet is directly expressed in a cut-out opening dong its
external wall.

BROAD ACTIVITIES

 The centre has been made in eight blocks housing museums, one amphitheatre and the
other closed auditorium, library, arts display rooms, cafeteria, small hostel and art-studio.
It also houses two permanent art galleries and three other galleries.
 The centre is frequently occupied with artists and arts loving people. Many exhibitions and
performances by local artists are displayed at the centre. The annual festivals of classical
 dance and music are held in the centre. The centre hosts many workshops of dance and
music.

INFERENCES

 The building is in a contemporary metaphorical replication of the basic plan of the

city of Jaipur, based on the vastu pursh mandala. The architect in his attempt to create
a brand image for the historical city has tried to get the essence of the existing form
but superficially. The critical sustainable aspect of the traditional architecture of
Jaipur has not been tackled well.
 The place has an amazing interplay of light, shadow and colours, evoking emotions in
the user and invite him to move further.
 The spaces flow as a narrative and changes the moods of the user, but the overall
circulation lacks of continued covered corridor, which makes the place unusable
during summers and rains.
 The open air theatre is only good to look at, it is enclosed by the high walls which
create acoustic and ventilation problems at the time of crowd.
  The high walls with no fenestration in the façade make the building enclosed and it
does not open up to the city. However, within the building the activities are
disintegrated but combine to a heterogeneous mixture of various cultural activities

View from an internal courtyard Pergola

Plan of Jawahar Kala Kendra, inspired by the original city plan of Jaipur, consisting of nine
squares with central square left open.

Hastkaar Yantra based on medieval Rajasthani painting. Hallway wall-painting at Charles

Correa's Jawahar Kala Kendra in Jaipur, designed in 1993. Each of its 9 enclosed sections is
named after a planet and displays a variety of textiles, crafts, weapons, etc.

Central courtyard. Performances of traditional Rajasthani music sometimes happen here

which are set off beautifully in this strong example of contemporary Indian design.
Entrance Foyer

Amphitheatre
Gallery/Display area
Door painted in Rajasthani Art

A section of the Jawahar Kala Kendra arts centre

Source: Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Web. 18 Feb. 2012.
<http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/82203/A-section-of-the-Jawahar-Kala-
Kendra-arts-centre-designed>.

References
http://www.charlescorrea.net/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawahar_Kala_Kendra
http://www.archinomy.com/case-studies/1867/jawahar-kala-kendra-jaipur-india