Introduction: The proverbs of the experts “The Card is the heart of the

Spinning Mill” and “Well Carded is half spun” Carding is a very very
important process and the quality of the final yarn that we produce is very
much dependent on the quality of carding.
The concept of carding machine is unchanged since 1770 - Since 1965
production rate has been increased from about 5 Kg/h to about 100 Kg/h, a
rate of increase not matched by any other machine except the draw frame.
Objects of carding machine
1- Opening
to individual
8- Sliver fibers
formation 2-Elimination
of impurities

7- Fiber
orientation 3- Elimination
of dust

6- fiber
4-disentangling
blending 5- Elimination
of naps
of short fiber
Material passage of Carding machine
 The tasks of the card:
1- Opening to individual fibers,
Whereas the blow room only opens the raw material into tufts, the card must open to the
stage of individual fibers.
2- Elimination of impurities
occurs mainly in the region of the taker-in. The degree of cleaning achieved by modern card
is very high, in the range of 90 -95%.
3- Elimination of Dust,
The card removes a large proportion of the microparticles that are bound to the fiber the
card is a good dust removing machine.
4- Disentangling of neps,
The number of neps increases from machine to machine in the blow-room, the card
Improvement in disentangling of neps by closer spacing between clothing; sharper clothing;
optimal speed of taker-in; low doffer speeds; lower throughput.
5- Elimination of short fibers,
Short fibers can only be eliminated if they are pressed into the clothing. this may occur at flats.
Long fibers have more contact with the clothing of the main cylinder than the short fibers. where
the short fibers stay caught in the flats clothing, press into it and leave the machine in the flat
stripping.
The card eliminates very small percentage of short fibers about 1%.
6- Fiber Blending,
Blending occurs because the card is the only machine to process individual fibers. In
formation the web, and with repeated rotation of the fibers
on the main cylinder, intimate fiber with fiber mixing is achieved.
7- Fiber orientation:
A parallel condition is achieved on main cylinder, but it disappears during web formation
between cylinder and doffer.
8- Sliver formation,
The web is made to pass through a condensing trumpet & is converted into the form of a rope
which is called sliver.
Operating principle:
Elements of Card:
1) Pipe ducting for supplying raw material,
2) Chute feed; of 500 – 900 Ktex.
3) Transport roller; forwards the material to feed arrangement,
4) Feed arrangement, consists of feed roller and feed plate,
5) Taker-in, opens the material to small flocks, when the material passes to
main cylinder, and eliminate a great part of impurities.
6) Grid equipment,
7) Suction duct to carry away the waste.,
8) Main cylinder
Carding machine
9 and 12) Fixed carding assist the carding operation.
10) Flats, The main carding operation occurs between flats and cylinder.
Flats comprise 80 to 116 individual
11) Cleaning unit, strips fibers, Neps and foreign matters from flats,
13) cover plate
14) The doffer, combine the fibers into a web.
15) Stripping rollers, draw the web from the doffer.,
16) Calendar rollers
17) Can,
18) Coiler
Feed Material:
Chute feed system (Zone 1)
The fibre material is drawn in by the opening
unit's transport fan and fed to the tuft feeder via a distribution
pipeline (2).
The air current is discharged through the exhaust pipe (1). Air
separation elements in the upper trunk (3)
make sure that the card is fed uniformly.
The material is clamped using the (5) to ensure an optimum flow
of material across the entire width of the trunk. The opening roll
(6) makes sure the material is opened uniformly.
The fan (10) ensures that the material is he material
is compacted uniformly in the specially designed lower trunk (7).
The web is formed between feed roll
(9) and the clamping point of the
The actual feed roll of the card (8) transfers
the material into the SENSOFEED integral tray.
SENSOFEED integral tray
The SENSOFEED integral tray forms the connecting link between DIRECTFEED DFK tuft
feeder and WEBFEED licker-in unit. The feed section consists of feed roll (5), spring-loaded
Feed table (2) and ten spring elements (3) which scan the web over its full width
The feed table compacts the tuft web and
transports it to the spring elements.
The deflections of all ten spring elements
are evaluated by the sensing lever (1) and
used to regulate the feed roll speed.
Metal particles or thick spots in the web are
detected and cause the card to come to an
immediate stop. With the aid of a reversing
circuit, the feed roll can be run in reverse
so that foreign parts can be removed
before they cause damage to the card.
the feed roll transports the material to
the first opening roll (4) on the downstream
WEBFEED licker-in unit.
Feeding and opening (zone 2):
WEBFEED licker-in unit The distance between the licker-in unit and the
main cylinder (6) is adjustable. The unit consists of three opening and cleaning
rolls (3, 4, 7). The mote knife (2) can be adjusted as required by the necessary degree of cleaning;
the waste produced during the cleaning process is collected and drawn off into the suction hood
(1). The first roll (3) has needles or a clothing, depending on
the material to be processed, the following two rolls have clothing of special steel.
 The taker-in (licker-in)
The purpose of the taker-in is (Object);
1- To opened flocks.
2- To eliminate the impurities.
3- To deliver them to the main cylinder.
4- To transfer the fiber as evenly as possible.
5- A sawtooth clothing is applied to it

Specification.
1- In high-performance card rotation speeds are in the
range of 800-2000 rpm for cotton and about 600 rpm
for synthetics.
2- Wire point direction, Anticlockwise.
3- Surface speed 1000 ft./min.(πDN/60) (1300rpm)
4- Diameter usually around 250 mm