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AP Physics Name: AP Thermal Practice

This document contains 6 multi-part physics problems related to thermodynamics. Problem 1 asks about the maximum efficiency of a heat engine operating between 1500K and 600K. Problems 2-3 involve analyzing processes on a PV diagram. Problem 4 involves calculating properties of an ideal gas undergoing a cyclic process. Problem 5 considers a gas undergoing compression, heating, and expansion. Problem 6 concerns the power and efficiency of a heat engine used to lift a mass.

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Muddamsetty Arunkalyan
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102 views2 pages

AP Physics Name: AP Thermal Practice

This document contains 6 multi-part physics problems related to thermodynamics. Problem 1 asks about the maximum efficiency of a heat engine operating between 1500K and 600K. Problems 2-3 involve analyzing processes on a PV diagram. Problem 4 involves calculating properties of an ideal gas undergoing a cyclic process. Problem 5 considers a gas undergoing compression, heating, and expansion. Problem 6 concerns the power and efficiency of a heat engine used to lift a mass.

Uploaded by

Muddamsetty Arunkalyan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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AP Physics Name:

AP Thermal Practice

(1984 AP Physics B Exam)


1. The maximum efficiency of a heat engine that operates between temperatures of 1500 K in the firing chamber and 600 K in the
exhaust chamber is most nearly (A) 33% (B) 40% (C) 60% ( D) 67% (E) 100%

Questions 2-3

A thermodynamic system is taken from an initial state X along the path XYZX as shown in the PV-diagram above.

2. For the process XY, U is greater than zero and


(A) Q<0 and W = 0 (B) Q<0 and W>0 (C) Q>0 and W<0 (D) Q>0 and W=0 (E) Q>0 and W>0

3. For the process YZ, Q is greater than zero and


(A) W<0 and U=0 (B) W=0 and U<0 (C) W=0 and U>0 ( D) W >0 and U=0 (E) W>0 and U>0

(2003 AP Physics B Exam, form B)


4. One mole of an ideal gas is taken around the cycle ABCA as shown on the PV diagram above.
a. Calculate the temperature of the gas at point A.
b. Calculate the net work done on the gas during one complete cycle.
c. i. Is heat added to or removed from the gas during one complete cycle?
_____added to the gas _____removed from the gas
ii. Calculate the heat added to or removed from the gas during one complete cycle.
d. After one complete cycle, is the internal energy of the gas greater, less, or the same as before?
_____greater _____less _____the same
Justify your answer.
e. After one complete cycle, is the entropy of the gas greater, less, or the same as before?
_____greater _____less _____the same
Justify your answer.
(2001 AP Physics B Exam)
5. A cylinder is fitted with a freely moveable piston of area 1.20 x 10-2 m2 and negligible mass. The cylinder below the piston is
filled with a gas. At state 1, the gas has volume 1.50 x 10-3 m3, pressure 1.02 x 105 Pa, and the cylinder is in contact with a water
bath at a temperature of 0°C. The gas is then taken through the following four-step process.

• A 2.50 kg metal block is placed on top of the piston, compressing the gas to state 2, with the gas still at 0°C.
• The cylinder is then brought in contact with a boiling water bath, raising the gas temperature to 100°C at state 3.
• The metal block is removed and the gas expands to state 4 still at 100°C.
• Finally, the cylinder is again placed in contact with the water bath at 0°C, returning the system to state 1.

a. Determine the pressure of the gas in state 2.


b. Determine the volume of the gas in state 2.
c. Indicate below whether the process from state 2 to state 3 is isothermal, isobaric, or adiabatic.

_____Isothermal _____Isobaric _____Adiabatic


Explain your reasoning.

d. Is the process from state 4 to state 1 isobaric? _____Yes _____No


Explain your reasoning.

e. Determine the volume of the gas in state 4.

(1995 AP Physics B Exam)


6. A heat engine operating between temperatures of 500 K and 300 K is used to lift a 10-kilogram mass vertically at a constant speed
of 4 meters per second.
a. Determine the power that the engine must supply to lift the mass.
b. Determine the maximum possible efficiency at which the engine can operate.
c. If the engine were to operate at the maximum possible efficiency, determine the following.
i. The rate at which the hot reservoir supplies heat to the engine
ii. The rate at which heat is exhausted to the cold reservoir

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