Microsoft Excel 14.

0 Answer Report
Worksheet: [Design-of-Square-Footing.xlsx]Sheet1
Report Created: 27/11/2019 2:46:51 PM
Result: Solver found a solution. All Constraints and optimality conditions are satisfied.
Solver Engine
Engine: GRG Nonlinear
Solution Time: 0.015 Seconds.
Iterations: 1 Subproblems: 0
Solver Options
Max Time Unlimited, Iterations Unlimited, Precision 0.000001, Use Automatic Scaling
Convergence 0.0001, Population Size 100, Random Seed 0, Derivatives Forward, Require Bounds
Max Subproblems Unlimited, Max Integer Sols Unlimited, Integer Tolerance 1%, Assume NonNegative

Objective Cell (Value Of)

Cell Name Original Value Final Value
$G$47 m mm -90.7896337786 3.032332E-06

Variable Cells
Cell Name Original Value Final Value Integer
$H$53 d 330.221754955 347.94207151 Contin

Constraints
Cell Name Cell Value Formula Status Slack
$G$47 m mm 3.03233196E-06 $G$47=0 Binding 0
Microsoft Excel 14.0 Answer Report
Worksheet: [Design-of-Square-Footing.xlsx]Sheet1
Report Created: 27/11/2019 5:23:59 PM
Result: Solver found a solution. All Constraints and optimality conditions are satisfied.
Solver Engine
Engine: GRG Nonlinear
Solution Time: 0.047 Seconds.
Iterations: 2 Subproblems: 0
Solver Options
Max Time Unlimited, Iterations Unlimited, Precision 0.000001, Use Automatic Scaling
Convergence 0.0001, Population Size 100, Random Seed 0, Derivatives Forward
Max Subproblems Unlimited, Max Integer Sols Unlimited, Integer Tolerance 1%

Objective Cell (Value Of)

Cell Name Original Value Final Value
$G$34 mm mm -1245.376 0.0004372542

Variable Cells
Cell Name Original Value Final Value Integer
$C$34 d 0 347.94215492 Contin

Constraints
Cell Name Cell Value Formula Status Slack
$G$34 mm mm 0.00043725422 $G$34=0 Binding 0
 DESIGN OF SQUARE FOOTING

Input:

Loads PD 530 kN PL 400

CL 500 mm Steel bar 25
Column fc' 30 Mpa No. of bars 8
CS 300 mm
hs 2m δs 18
Soil
qa 200 kPa
Cc 100 mm Assumed hc 450
δc 23.54 kN/m3 dbM 20
Footing, Factors, Concrete &
Steel Bars fc' 20 Mpa λ 1
fy 400 Mpa Ѱc 1
Ѱt 1
Dowel Extend the column bars

Preliminary Computations:

Effective Soil pressure qe 153.407 kPa

Area of Footing Af 6.062305 m2
Width B 2.5 m
2
Area of Footing (New) Af 6.25 m
Ultimate Factored Load Pu 1276 kN
Soil Pressure qu 204.16 kPa

ΦVC = VU
*Effective Depth Design from
Shear Stresses:

Effective depth parallel at the d 263.6509 mm

shorter side of the column

Effective depth parallel at the d 290.016 mm

longer side of the column
ΦVC = VU
*Use "Solver" Function to equate Vu to
Effective depth from the Vc by letting ΦVc -Vu = 0 to obtain "d" ΦVc-Vu
punching shear:
𝑉_𝑐 = 1/3λ√(𝑓_𝑐′) 347.9417 mm
𝑏_𝑜 𝑑 -0.001828792
𝑉_𝑐= 1/6( 1+ 2/β_𝑐 ) d 327.1212 mm
λ√(𝑓_𝑐′) 𝑏_𝑜 𝑑 -0.000508024
𝑉_𝑐= 1/12( (α_𝑠 𝑑)/𝑏_𝑜
+2 )λ√(𝑓_𝑐′) 𝑏_𝑜 𝑑
 𝑉_𝑐= 1/6( 1+ 2/β_𝑐 ) d
λ√(𝑓_𝑐′) 𝑏_𝑜 𝑑
𝑉_𝑐= 1/12( (α_𝑠 𝑑)/𝑏_𝑜
+2 )λ√(𝑓_𝑐′) 𝑏_𝑜 𝑑 266.0333 mm
0.0003599668
Required Thickness hc 500 mm
THEREFOR: REDESIGN!

Proceed here if REDESIGN! If NOT proceed to Determining_the_Steel_Reinforcements

New Assumed hc 500 mm

Effective Soil Pressure qe 152.23 kPa
Area of Footing Af 6.109177 m2
Width B 2.5 m
Area of Footing (New) Af 6.25 m2
Ultimate Factored Load Pu 1276 kN
Soil Pressure qu 204.16 kPa
New Effective Depth d 370 mm
vc
Wide-beam Shear: 1078.39
527.4325 kN
Allowable Shear
ΦVC
Wide-beam Shear:
Actual Shear parallel at the VU 321.552 kN
shorter side of the column

Wide-beam Shear:
Actual Shear parallel at the VU 372.592 kN
shorter side of the column
Punching Shear: Allowable
Shear
𝑉_𝑐 = 1/3λ√(𝑓_𝑐′) ΦVC 1274.112 kN
𝑏_𝑜 𝑑
Punching Shear: Allowable
Shear ΦVC 1401.523 kN
𝑉_𝑐= 1/6( 1+ 2/β_𝑐 )
λ√(𝑓_𝑐′) 𝑏_𝑜 𝑑
Punching Shear: Allowable
Shear ΦVC 2167.644 kN
𝑉_𝑐= 1/12( (α_𝑠 𝑑)/𝑏_𝑜
+2 )λ√(𝑓_𝑐′) 𝑏_𝑜 𝑑
Punching Shear: Actual Shear
Vu 1156.995 kN
𝑉_𝑢= 𝑞_𝑢 〖 [𝐵 〗 ^2-
(C_L+d)(C_s+d)]
THEREFOR : OKAY!

For Reinforcement Details

Parallel at the longer side of
the column
Actual Ultimate Bending 𝑀_𝑢 255.2 kN-m
Moment
Main Steel Bar required 𝑅_𝑛 0.828504
Required Steel Ratio ρ 0.002106
ρ_𝑚𝑖𝑛 0.0035 f_c' ≤ 31.36 MPa
Minimum Steel Requirement ρ_𝑚𝑖𝑛 0.002795 f_c' ≤ 31.36 MPa
Maximum Steel Requirement ρ_𝑚𝑎𝑥 0.016256
ρ_𝑏𝑎𝑙 0.021675
COMMENT: USE Minimum Steel Ratio
Steel Ratio to be used ρ 0.0035
𝐴_𝑠 3.2375 mm2
Design of Main Steel
Reinforcement N 11 bars
S 228 mm
Check the Maximum Spacing 𝑆_𝑚𝑎𝑥 1500 mm
450 mm
Use Spacing S 228 mm

Parallel at the shorter side of

the column
Actual Ultimate Bending 𝑀_𝑢
308.792 kN-m
Moment
Main Steel Bar required 𝑅_𝑛 1.00249
Required Steel Ratio ρ 0.002558
ρ_𝑚𝑖𝑛 0.0035 f_c' ≤ 31.36 MPa
Minimum Steel Requirement
ρ_𝑚𝑖𝑛 0.002795 f_c' ≤ 31.36 MPa
ρ_𝑚𝑎𝑥 0.016256
Maximum Steel Requirement ρ_𝑏𝑎𝑙 0.021675
COMMENT: USE Minimum Steel Ratio
Steel Ratio to be used ρ 0.0035
𝐴_𝑠 3.2375 mm2
Design of Main Steel
Reinforcement N 11 bars
S 228 mm
𝑆_𝑚𝑎𝑥 1500 mm
Check the Maximum Spacing
450 mm
Use Spacing S 228 mm

Check the Development Length:

1052.267 mm for d_b>25𝑚𝑚

𝐿_𝑑𝑅
Required Development Length for d_b≤20𝑚𝑚
 𝐿_𝑑𝑅
for d_b>25𝑚𝑚
Required Development Length 851.8354 mm for d_b≤20𝑚𝑚
𝐿_𝑑𝑃
Actual Development Length 1900 mm

COMMENT: No hook required

Check the bearing strength

Ø = 0.65

Actual bearing load P_u 1276 kN

Allowable Bearing Strength
P_a
a. for footing and column 2486.25 kN

P_a
b. for footing 4143.75 kN

Required number of dowells A_(dow𝑒𝑙𝑙 -3.025625 mm2

𝑟𝑒𝑞^′ 𝑑) USE MINIMUM AREA
Number of req'd dowells N 0 bars
A_(s min)
Minimum Area 750 mm2
2 bars
Minimum number of dowells N
4 bars

Check the Development Length:

380.1316 mm
Required Development Length 𝐿_𝑑𝑅 710 mm
200 mm
𝐿_𝑑𝑃
Actual Development Length 360 mm

COMMENT: Provide Bend at the end of the steel bars

Proceed to Diagram_of_Design

Determining the steel

reinforcements

Parallel at the longer side of

the column
Actual Ultimate Bending 𝑀_𝑢 255.2 kN-m
Moment
Main Steel Bar required 𝑅_𝑛 0.936883
Required Steel Ratio ρ 0.001591
ρ_𝑚𝑖𝑛 0.0035 f_c' ≤ 31.36 MPa
Minimum Steel Requirement ρ_𝑚𝑖𝑛 0.002795 f_c' ≤ 31.36 MPa
ρ_𝑚𝑎𝑥
 f_c' ≤ 31.36 MPa
Maximum Steel Requirement ρ_𝑚𝑎𝑥 0.016256
ρ_𝑏𝑎𝑙 0.021675
COMMENT: USE Minimum Steel Ratio
Steel Ratio to be used ρ 0.0035
𝐴_𝑠 3.04449 mm2
Design of Main Steel
Reinforcement N 10 bars
S 253.3333 mm
Check the Maximum Spacing 𝑆_𝑚𝑎𝑥 1500 mm
450 mm
Use Spacing S 253.3333 mm

Parallel at the shorter side of

the column
Actual Ultimate Bending 𝑀_𝑢
308.792 kN-m
Moment
Main Steel Bar required 𝑅_𝑛 1.133628
Required Steel Ratio ρ 0.001933
ρ_𝑚𝑖𝑛 0.0035 f_c' ≤ 31.36 MPa
Minimum Steel Requirement ρ_𝑚𝑖𝑛 0.002795 f_c' ≤ 31.36 MPa
Maximum Steel Requirement ρ_𝑚𝑎𝑥 0.016256
ρ_𝑏𝑎𝑙 0.021675
COMMENT: USE Minimum Steel Ratio
Steel Ratio to be used ρ 0.0035
𝐴_𝑠 3.04449 mm2
Design of Main Steel
Reinforcement N 10 bars
S 253.3333 mm
Check the Maximum Spacing 𝑆_𝑚𝑎𝑥 1500 mm
450 mm
Use Spacing S 253.3333 mm

Check the Development Length:

1052.267 mm for d_b>25𝑚𝑚

𝐿_𝑑𝑅
Required Development Length 851.8354 mm for d_b≤20𝑚𝑚
𝐿_𝑑𝑃
Actual Development Length 1900 mm

COMMENT: No hook required

Check the bearing strength

Ø = 0.65

Actual bearing load P_u 1276 kN

Allowable Bearing Strength
P_a
a. for footing and column 2486.25 kN

P_a
b. for footing 4143.75 kN

Required number of dowells A_(dow𝑒𝑙𝑙 -3.025625 mm2

𝑟𝑒𝑞^′ 𝑑) USE MINIMUM AREA
Number of req'd dowells N 0 bars
A_(s min)
Minimum Area 750 mm2
2 bars
Minimum number of dowells N
4 bars

Check the Development Length:

380.1316 mm
Required Development Length 𝐿_𝑑𝑅 710 mm
200 mm
𝐿_𝑑𝑃
Actual Development Length 360 mm

COMMENT: Provide Bend at the end of the steel bars

Proceed to Diagram_of_Design
kN
mmØ

kN/m3

mm
mm
vu d
1169.2 330.2217544
1.36 MPa
1.36 MPa
 DIAGRAM OF DESIGN

4 - 25 mmØ Extended Column Bar

2m

11 - 20 mmØ Main Bar Spaced @ 228 mm diameter on c

0.5 m
11 - 20 mmØ Main Bar Spaced @

2.5m

2.5 m
Extended Column Bar Provide Bend at the end of the steel bars

mm diameter on center

Main Bar Spaced @ 228 mm diameter on center

 DIAGRAM OF DESIGN

4 - 25 mmØ Extended Column Bar

2m

10 - 20 mmØ Main Bar Spaced253.333333333333

@

0.5 m
10 - 20 mmØ Main Bar Spaced @

2.5m

2.5 m
Extended Column BarProvide Bend at the en

253.333333333333 mm diameter on center

Main Bar Spaced @ 253.3333 mm diameter on center

 DESIGN OF SQUARE FOOTING

Loads PD (kN) 1800 PL (kN) 1200 ANSWERS:

CL (m) 0.5 CS (m) 0.5 a.) d=
Column
f'c(MPa) 25 10-28 mm φ STEEL BAR b.) N=
hs (m) 1.6 δs (kN/m3) 20 S=
Soil
qa (kPa) 240 c.) N=
3
Assumed hc (m) 0.6 δc (kN/m ) 23.544 LDR =
Footing, Factors, d.) LDR =
Concrete, & Steel f'c (MPa) 20 fy (MPa) 400
Bars dbm (mm) 35 Cc (m) 0.1
dbd (mm) 28 SG 2.4

ANALYZE 1m STRIP OF WALL FOOTING AND ASSUME THICKNESS OF FOOTING

LENGTH 1
hc 0.6

EFFECTIVE SOIL PRESSURE, qe

qe 193.8736 kPa

AREA AND WIDTH OF THE FOOTING

Af 15.473999554 m2
B 3.9337004912 m
say B 4m
increment of 100 mm for B and 50 mm for h c
new Af 16 m2

ULTIMATE FACTORED LOAD, Pu

Pu 4080 kN

ULTIMATE SOIL PRESSURE, qu

qu 255 kPa

SOLVE FOR d (wide-beam shear), φVc=Vu

d, CL 540.77974016 mm
d, CS 540.77974016 mm

SOLVE FOR d (punching shear), φVc=Vu

αs = 40
bo = 2000
Vu -7.38241396903E-07
VC1 0 d 928.7693179

Vu 1.36574271892E-07
VC2 d 765.2062111

Vu 1.21488938021E-07
VC3 d 96.46919769
d mm
0 pcs.
0 mm
0 pcs.
0 mm
0 mm
 ANALYSIS OF SQUARE FOOTING

Loads PD (kN/m) 800 PL (kN/m) 950

3
hs (m) 1.6 δs (kN/m ) 18
Soil
qa (kPa) 260
CL (m) 0.4 CS (m) 0.4
Column f'c (MPa) 21 fy (MPa) 275
Steel Bar (mm) 25 # of Steel Bar 6
Dowel 4- 25 mm Ø Extend the column bars.

hc (m) 0.6 δc (kN/m3) 23.544

f'c (MPa) 23 fy (MPa) 275

Footing,
Factors, Steel Bar along Y- Steel Bar along X-
axis (mm) 20 axis (mm) 20
Concrete, &
Steel Bars # of steel bars on # of steel bars on
18 18
y-axis (mm) x-axis (mm)
Cc (m) 0.075 B (m) 1.2
L (m) 1.2 SG 2.4

EFFECTIVE SOIL PRESSURE, qe

qe 217.0736 kPa

AREA AND WIDTH OF THE FOOTING

B 1.2 m
new Af 1.44 m2

ULTIMATE FACTORED LOAD, Pu

Pu 2480 kN

ULTIMATE SOIL PRESSURE, qu

qu 1722.2222222222 kPa

SOLVE FOR d
d 495 mm

CHECK FOR WIDE-BEAM SHEAR

φVc 363.21230041809 kN
Vus -196333.33333333 kN
VuL -196333.33333333 kN

SAFE!

CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR

αs = 40
 bo = 3580
Vu 1100.4569444445 kN
φVc 2124.6732606156 kN
φVc 3187.0098909234 kN
φVc 4000.0831778071 kN

SAFE!

MAIN STEEL REINFORCEMENTS

Parallel at the longer side of the column
Mu1 (actual) 165333.33333333 kN-m

As 5654.8667764616 mm
ρ 0.0095199777382
Rn 2.4427025238943
Mu1 (allowable) 646.40504079057 kN-m

NOT SAFE!

Parallel at the shorter side of the column

Mu2 (actual) 165333.33333333 kN-m

As 0 mm
ρ 0
Rn 0
Mu2 (allowable) 646.40504079057 kN-m

NOT SAFE!

REQUIRED DEVELOPMENT LENGTH, LDR

LDR 546.10917967329 mm

ACTUAL DEVELOPMENT LENGTH, LDP

LDP 325 mm 7

PROVIDE HOOK!

Actual bearing load, Pu

Pu 2480 kN

A1 160000 mm2 sqrt(A2/A1)

A2 7840000 mm2

USE 2
Allowable bearing strength, Pa

if f'cw = f'cf Pa 1856.4 kN

if f'cw ≠ f'cf Pa 4066.4 kN

USE Pa 1856.4 kN

NOT SAFE!

DOWELS
REQUIRED DEVELOPMENT LENGTH, LDR
LDR 243.70122142921 mm
LDR 488.125 mm
LDR 200 mm

USE LDR 488.125 mm

ACTUAL DEVELOPMENT LENGTH, LDP

LDP 485 mm

PROVIDE BEND!
ANSWERS:
Wide-Beam Shear SAFE!
Punching Shear SAFE!
Flexural Strength (Mu1) NOT SAFE!
Mu2 NOT SAFE!

Bearing Strength NOT SAFE!

Development Length
PROVIDE HOOK!
(Main Bar)
Development Length
PROVIDE BEND!
(Dowels)

Soil Bearing Capacity =