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Sociometric

Sociometric techniques are methods used to measure social relationships and status within a group. They involve asking group members questions about their preferences and choices regarding other members. A sociogram is a graphic representation of these social connections. Teachers can create sociograms to better understand relationship dynamics in their classroom and identify students who are isolated or rejected. The document provides examples of how to construct sociograms by asking students positive and negative questions and mapping their responses.

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Paulane Navalta
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317 views7 pages

Sociometric

Sociometric techniques are methods used to measure social relationships and status within a group. They involve asking group members questions about their preferences and choices regarding other members. A sociogram is a graphic representation of these social connections. Teachers can create sociograms to better understand relationship dynamics in their classroom and identify students who are isolated or rejected. The document provides examples of how to construct sociograms by asking students positive and negative questions and mapping their responses.

Uploaded by

Paulane Navalta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Definition

Sociometric techniques are methods that qualitatively measure aspects of social relationships,
such as social acceptance (i.e., how much an individual is liked by peers) and social status (i.e.,
child’s social standing in comparison to peers).

The term sociometry is defined as the measurement of the social relationships that exists among
the members of a group. Sociometric technique attempt to describe attractions or repulsions
between group members by asking them to indicate whom they would select or reject in various
situations (Koul,1998).

A sociogram is a graphic representation of social links that a person has. It is a graph drawing
that plots the structure of interpersonal relations in a group situation.

Example
Suppose you are a seventh grade teacher. There are ten students in your classroom: Mike, Olivia,
Connor, Tracy, Lena, Darren, James, Tiona, Lisa, and Taylor. You notice that your male and female
students have not been getting along well in recent weeks. You are interested in looking at the
relationships between your students to help you understand what is going on in your classroom. One
method that can help you examine relationships is creating a sociogram.
A sociogram is a visual depiction of the relationships between a specific group. The purpose of a
sociogram is to uncover the underlying relationships between people. A sociogram can be used to
increase your understanding of group behaviors.

How Do You Create a Sociogram?


Before you begin to create a sociogram of the students in your classroom, you must first come up
with a criterion, which is what you want to measure. The criterion that you use is usually some
question about a specific type of social interaction. A criterion can be either positive or negative.
Positive criterions are those that ask the students to choose something that they either enjoy or
would like to participate in with others. Negative criterions ask students to choose something that
they would not enjoy. Negative criterions are used to discover resistance or rejection in interpersonal
relationships.
Examples of positive criterions that can be used to create a sociogram are:

 Which three classmates would you most like to go on a vacation with?


 Which three classmates are your best friends?
 Which three classmates do you like the most?
Examples of negative criterions that can be used to create a sociogram are:

 Which three classmates would you least enjoy going on a vacation with?
 Which three classmates do you like to be around the least?
 Which three classmates would you least like to be stranded on an island with?

Once your students have all answered the question, you tabulate the results and use them to create
a sociogram.

Suppose you decided to ask your students to choose the three classmates that are their best
friends.
This list shows your results:

This list contains the three best friends that each person
chose.

Suppose you also asked your students which three classmates they would less like to go on a
vacation with. This list shows your results:
This list contains the three people that each person would
least like to go on a vacation with.

You create two sociograms based on this information, one for the positive criterion and one for the
negative criterion. You notice that all of the students picked either Mike or Olivia as one of their
closest friends, so you decide to put Mike and Olivia at the center of your sociogram.
This sociogram was created using the positive criterion.
This sociogram was created using the negative criterion.

How to Use a Sociogram


You find it interesting that all of the females have chosen Mike based off a negative criterion and all
of the males chose Olivia based off a negative criterion, especially since Olivia and Mike appear to
be leaders among their same-sex peers. You decide to have a meeting with Mike and Olivia. You
find out that Mike and Olivia used to date, but Mike dumped Olivia for a girl at another school. This
caused animosity between the pair.
Since Olivia is the leader among the females and Mike is the leader among the males, this caused
tension between the males and the females in the classroom, which explains why they have become
hostile toward each other. You decide to hold mediation between Mike and Olivia to help them
resolve their issues.

SOCIOMETRIC MATRICES

A sociometric matrix is a rectangular arrangement of numbers indicating the choices made by the
members of a group.
What is GUESS-WHO TECHNIQUE?
Written by Pam MS, NCSP | Fact checked by Psychology Dictionary staff 

Term used for rating personalities used in schools where a student will give a
short word picture for personality types and need to identify class mates that
fit each one.

1. The 'Who's Who' or 'Guess Who' - levels of social relationship are stated and the students
asked to express his/her sociometric choice. - brief descriptions of various types of students
are provided and they are asked to guess who in the class matches with the description.

Social Distance Scale

= 

2. 46. **Questions that may be used for Sociometry: 1.) Which two pupils would you like to sit
next to you? 2.) Which classmate would you want to help you with your school work? 3.)
Which pupils of the same sex would you invite to accompany you on a hike? 4. Which pupil
of the opposite sex would you invite to a party?
3. 47. Mary Beth John Alex Sophia Who would you most like to play with? x Who would you
least like to play with? x Who gets into trouble the most? x Who gets along best with other? x
**Types of Sociometric Technique 1. Nomination - the student is asked to select and name
his/her peers in terms of some criterion suggested by the teacher. Children may be asked to
provide a list of the three classmates with whom they would most like to play and the three
with whom they would least like to play. Example:  Peer Nomination Technique Children
will provide a list of the names of the children in a classroom along with social acceptance
items. Then they are asked to identify perhaps one to three classmates who they perceive
best fit the item description.
4. 48. 2. The Social Acceptance 3. The 'Who's Who' or 'Guess Who' - levels of social
relationship are stated and the students asked to express his/her sociometric choice. - brief
descriptions of various types of students are provided and they are asked to guess who in
the class matches with the description.
5. 49. The Sociogram - shows attractions and repulsions within a group and helps the teacher
and the counsellor in discovering the problems of students in relation to the group. A
frequently employed procedure for determining peer evaluation. A graphic representation of
the responses to a questionnaire administered to members of a group with respect to their
choice of roles to be played by particular members of the group.
6. 50. **Implications of Sociometric Assessment for Educational Practice Used to determine
eligibility for special education. For intervention for adaptive behavior or socio-emotional
problems. In the ‘General Education Population’, this is most beneficial to children who are
shy and rejected, or those who are victims of bullying or aggressive behavior or who simply
have limited social skills Assessing and understanding children's and adolescents' peer
relations is important in educational settings for several reasons: To understand how children
develop social skills as they mature. To identify children's social standing & predict positive
or negative social outcomes for children

The Bogardus social distance scale is a psychological testing scale created by Emory S.


Bogardus to empirically measure people's willingness to participate in social contacts of varying
degrees of closeness with members of diverse socialgroups, such as racial and ethnic groups.

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