Highway Engineering-II 2011 E.

Assignment – 3

 Chaper-4 and 5
1. Asphalt content of a mix is 5.7%, express as percentage of the mass of the aggregate. Find percentage
of AV, VMA & VFA if asphalt absorption is 0.5% and the relative density of the aggregate and
asphalt content are 2.66 and 1.02 respectively. Density of the mix is 2390kg/m3.
2. An asphalt mix is prepared at an asphalt content of 5.8%. Relative density of the aggregate(bulk) and
asphalt content are 2.69 & 1.03 respectively. The bulk density of the compacted mixture(MB) is
2380kg/m3. the maximum density of the mix(MM) is 2479kg/m3. Find the percentage of AV, VMA
and VFA.
3. a) Draw the following concrete mix results vs. bitumen content and suggest the optimum bitumen
content to meet suggested asphalt concrete requirement of: (Q-3 is Exercise, Don’t Submit it)
Stability = 9KN VMA=min 15%
Flow = 2 - 4 mm VFA=65%-75%
Air Voids = 5 - 7%

Asphalt Air void, VFA VMA Stability (KN) Flow(mm) Density

Content % % %
4.5 8.13 50.6 16.5 9.22 2.5 2.397

5.0 6.58 59.1 16.1 10.76 2.7 2.420

5.5 4.91 68.4 15.6 12.12 3.1 2.445

6.0 3.62 74.5 15.4 11.74 3.5 2.461

6.5 2.99 81.0 15.8 11.02 3.7 2.459

b) State why is a minimum percentage of air voids in asphalt concrete mix usually specified? What
property of the pavement is affected by air content?

c) If two types, high viscous and less viscous, asphalt are available to use in two different places i.e. in
hot and cold climatic condition which type to which place to you recommend? Explain.

4. An asphalt batch plant produces a mixture using 6.2% asphalt cement and producing 1360kg per
batch. Material is stored in three hot bins before mixing. Tests were made on samples from the three
bins, with result as follows. (This is Exercise, Don’t Submit it)

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Coarse bin Medium bin   Fine bin

sieve size, mm % passing sieve size, mm % passing   sieve size, mm % passing
25 100 9.5 100   2.36 100
12.5 73 4.75 75   1.18 73
9.5 18 2.36 33   0.6 52
2.36 1 1.18 11   0.3 33

From the required grain size distribution curve, the mix is required is;

sieve size, mm % passing

25 100
9.5 63
2.36 41

-----) Determine the mass demanded from each bin.

5. For the pavement surfacing from asphalt concrete mix the following are the results from a Marshal
Trial mix with maximum aggregate size 12.5mm. Draw the following asphalt concrete mix results
versus bitumen content and suggest the optimum bitumen content.
Table-A1: Results of Marshal trial Mix

Bitumen Density Stability Flow Air Void VMA

Content (kN/m3) (N) (mm) (%) (%)
(%)
5 2355 8840 2.8 7.3 19.6
6 2373 10000 3.7 6.1 18.0
7 2384 9520 4.6 5.0 17.2
8 2372 7600 5.9 4.6 18.3
9 2364 5654 6.3 4.2 18.8

An asphalt batch plant produces a mixture using asphalt content from the above marshal test and
aggregates A, B, C in the proportions of 47:33:20 the batch size is 2600kg and used with the following
three aggregate bins and grading requirement.

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Table-A2: Gradation of the materials in three aggregate bins

% pass by weight
Aggregate A Aggregate B Aggregate C
Sieve Size (mm)
25 100
19 88
12.5 62
9.5 32 100
4.75 8 92 100
2.36 0 76 80
1.18 51 67
0.6 30 54
0.3 19 47
0.15 9 37
0.075 2 31
Table-A3: Grading requirement is:
Hot bins Coarse bin Medium bin Fine bin
Sieve Size (mm) 25 9.5 2.36 9.5 2.36 2.36
% Pass 100 5 0 100 12 100

A. In October 2018 a 2km internal road project study was made by the MU, EiT-M for the design purpose
of the Meles Zenawi Leadership Academy Campus located in Mekelle City near Kellamino Special
high school. From the study, the following data were found.

Table-B1: Axle loads and AADT

Route-1 (0+000- Route-2 (2+000-

ADT data for students in
2+000) 4+000)
Mass of Average Annual Average Annual
Vehicle
Vehicle Type Axle Daily Traffic, Daily Traffic,
Code
(tone) AADT AADT
1 Small Cars 4 650 1370
2 Buses 7.6 170 160
3 Medium Truck 8.7 30 38
4 Heavy Truck 9.1 10 12
5 Articulated Truck 10.6 8 6

Table-B2: Subgrade study:

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Material strength /Chainage 0+000-1+000 1+000-2+000 2+000-4+000

Piston load (N) at 1200 4170 530

CBR test 2.54mm(0.1 inch)
Penetration stress (KPa) 623 2163 275
results
at 2.54mm (0.1 inch)

Table-B3: Asphalt Concrete Mix Design

Density Flow Stability Asphalt Asphalt Specific gravity Specific gravity

(kg/m3) (mm) (N) content (%) absorption (%) of aggregate of bitumen
Refer table-A1 Table- table-A1 table-A1 0.65 2.68 1.04
A1

The road will be first opened for traffic after construction in October 2020. Taking the growth rate of
5.5%,
a) Find the required mass of total asphalt cement, and aggregates from each bin.
b) Find the percent of air voids (AV), Voids in mineral aggregate (VMA), Voids filled with asphalt
(VFA).
c) Design the road for flexible pavement structure using ERA method.
d) Prepare detail, precise material specification for construction of surface course of a flexible pavement.

Submission – After 3 weeks

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