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Answer On Question: #76037 - Math - Differential Equations

Using Newton's Law of Cooling, the differential equation modeling the body's temperature loss over time was derived and solved. The cooling rate constant k was determined by using the known temperatures at two time points. This allowed calculating the time t1 when the body's temperature was 98.6°F, which was 1.13 hours after death.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
24 views1 page

Answer On Question: #76037 - Math - Differential Equations

Using Newton's Law of Cooling, the differential equation modeling the body's temperature loss over time was derived and solved. The cooling rate constant k was determined by using the known temperatures at two time points. This allowed calculating the time t1 when the body's temperature was 98.6°F, which was 1.13 hours after death.

Uploaded by

Vasudha Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Answer on Question #76037 – Math – Differential Equations

Question
Solve the differential equation.
Suppose the temperature of a body when discovered is 85° F. Two hours later, the temperature is 74°F
and the room temperature is 68°F. Find the time when the body was discovered after death (assume
the body temperature to be 98.6°F at the time of death.)

Solution
Using Newton’s Law of Cooling tells us:
𝑑𝑇
= 𝑘(68 − 𝑇), T0=98.6, T(t1)=T1=85, T2=T(t1+2)=74.
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑇 𝑑𝑇 𝑑𝑇
= 𝑘(68 − 𝑇), = −𝑘(𝑇 − 68), = −𝑘𝑑𝑡.
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑇 − 68
Now we can integrate both sides of equations, variables are separated.
𝑑𝑇
∫ = ∫ −𝑘𝑑𝑡
𝑇 − 68
ln(𝑇 − 68) = −𝑘𝑡 + 𝐶.

𝑇 − 68 = 𝐶 𝑒 −𝑘𝑡 , 𝑇 = 68 + 𝐶𝑒 −𝑘𝑡 .
We can use initial condition to find the value of C:

𝑇(0) = 68 + 𝐶 = 98.6, 𝐶 = 98.6 − 68 = 30.6.

The solution of this differential equation is 𝑇 = 68 + 30.6𝑒 −𝑘𝑡 .

Now we need to find the value of k.


17
85 = 68 + 30.6𝑒 −𝑘𝑡1 , 30.6𝑒 −𝑘𝑡1 = 17, 𝑒 −𝑘𝑡1 =
30.6
6
74 = 68 + 30.6𝑒 −𝑘(𝑡1 +2) , 30.6𝑒 −𝑘𝑡1 −2𝑘 = 6, 30.6𝑒 −𝑘𝑡1 𝑒 −2𝑘 = 6. 17𝑒 −2𝑘 = 6, −2𝑘 = ln ,
17
1 17
𝑘 = ln .
2 6
Now we can find t1:
30.6
17 17 1 30.6 ln 17
−𝑘𝑡1
𝑒 = , −𝑘𝑡1 = ln , 𝑡1 = ln =2 = 1.13 (ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠).
30.6 30.6 𝑘 17 17
ln 6

Answer: body was found in 1.13 hours after death.

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