Letters and Numbers and Codes
Letters and Numbers and Codes
Letters and Numbers and Codes
FOR
1928-1931
BY
STEVE PLUCKER
(As of July 26, 2011)
So many times we are asked “How and where do I find the engine/frame number
on the engine and frame?”; “Where is the gas tank date located?”; “Where is the
assembly plant code located?”; “What do the letters and numbers on the back of
the frame mean?”
Contained on the left side of the newly run-in engine is an engine number pad.
During the Model A/AA Ford years, 1928-1931, there were five (5) different
shapes (sizes) of engine number pads. The first was located above the water
inlet cavity of the block (Fig. 1).
(Fig. 1)
On October 12, 1927, in conjunction with Part Release Number ?????, the pad
moved to the top of the block and was reduced in size to a 2 inch length pad
(Fig. 2).
(Fig. 2)
3
This move also reduced the size of the water inlet connection pad. However this
change took effect between engine number A616 (Fig. 1) and A633 (Fig. 2) on
November 17, 1927.
The next change occurred between December 3, 1927 (A1276) (Fig. 2) and
December 14, 1927 (A2157) when the 2 inch length pad became a 2-1/2 inch
length pad (Fig. 3).
(Fig. 3)
The 2-1/2 inch pad continued for a short time until sometime between December
19, 1927 (A2820) (Fig. 3) and December 27, 1927 (A4408) when the 2-1/2 inch
pad was increased again to 2-3/4 inches in length (Fig. 4).
(Fig. 4)
The 2-3/4 inch pad continued to the end of January 30, 1929 (A975432) and on
February 1, 1929 (A988170) it again changed in size to a 3-1/4 inch pad (Fig. 5)
and for which it remained throughout the production period.
4
(Fig.5)
The “pad” itself must have the same “texture” as the rest of the block to be
considered a truly original stamped engine. If for some reason the pad has been
ground down smooth, then more than likely the original number has been ground
off and it has been restamped with another number other than what was
originally there. Still considered an original engine, just that it is a restamp.
Once the engine was approved, it was then stamped with a number. Anywhere
from 1 to 9000 plus engines were stamped each work day at the Ford Motor
Company during the production period. The daily logs show Ford did not
produce engines everyday in 1931 but only produced enough to keep up with
production.
The engine could have had an “A” (Fig. 5) or “AA” (Fig. 4) associated with the
number and the engine itself. An “A” usually meant that the engine was for a car
or a light commercial vehicle. The “AA” usually meant that the engine was
associated with the heavy duty trucks. This concept remained the same
throughout the production of the Model A/AA Ford except from starting with
engine number A26268, a February 16, 1928 engine, the “AA” prefix was
dropped due to the fact that all truck clutch springs were the same weight as the
car and commercial vehicles.
On May 15, 1928, the Indianapolis Ford Service Letter indicated that all the truck
engines were now being equipped with a 455 pound spring and that the engine
numbers on such motors were being prefixed with the letters “AA” again. The
cars and commercial vehicles retained the 420 pound clutch spring and the prefix
“A”. These heavier truck clutch springs were painted “red” to distinguish between
the two. Not sure of the engine number that this change occurred with.
5
The number stamps remained in the same form and font (Fig. 6) from start of
production through engine number A4365833, a February 18, 1931 number. It
was on this date that Ford changed three of the number stamps. The 1, 6, and 9
(Fig. 7). This, according to the February 1931 Ford Service Bulletin, was “To
lessen any possibility of outside individuals attempting to change engine
numbers, the figures 1, 6, and 9 have been changed. Dealers should
immediately provide themselves with a new figure one, six, and nine.” The April
10, 1931 Chicago Ford Service Letter added to this telling the branches “You
should, therefore, arrange to secure new designed numeral stamps to take care
of restamping motor numbers whenever it is necessary to change a block or a
cylinder assembly”. Therefore on February 18, 1931, starting with engine
number A4365834, the number stamps of 1, 6, and 9, changed their form and
font.
(Fig. 6)
(Fig. 7)
Always associated with the engine number, was a five pointed star on the left
and right side of the engine number stamping as seen in the above photos.
Weather it was the engine number pad or the frame, all stampings had the stars.
Once the engines were delivered to the assembly plants, either by ship or
boxcar, they were then transferred to the assembly line. Engines that were
stored in boxcars could have caused later engines to be used before earlier
engines. Here, the workers kept a close eye on which engine to drop into a
particular chassis as it was the hopes that all “A” engines were dropped into a car
and/or commercial “A” chassis and the “AA” engines were dropped into the
heavy duty “AA” chassis.
Once the engine was secured in the chassis coming down the assembly line,
another worker looked at the number on the engine number pad and then
transferred that number, just as it appeared on the pad itself, to the top, left
Frame Side Member of the “A” or “AA” chassis..
6
For the cars and/or commercial “A” chassis it was part number A-5016 Frame
Side Member. For the heavy duty “AA” chassis, it was part number AA-5014
(157 inch wheel base) or AA-5016 (131 inch wheelbase) Frame Side Member.
To be more precise, the stamping on the frame, 99% of the time, was placed in
the area where the left front cowl section of the body rests on the frame itself. In
other words, between the Brake Rod Spring Bracket---Front, A-2504 (Fig. 8), and
the Body Bracket on Frame---Front, A-5075 (Fig. 9).
(Fig. 8)
7
(Fig.9)
In order for one to view this engine/frame number on the chassis, there is just no
easy way. You are going to have to remove the body and, more than likely, the
left Running Board Shield and frame welting because of their placement on the
chassis in relation to the placement of the engine/frame number itself.
Sometimes the worker may had very well put the engine/frame number close to
the inner edge of the left Frame Side Member to see without the removal the
body and the left Running Board Shield. The “AA” chassis were more like this as
they have a bigger area to work with than the “A” chassis.
A lot of times one will go to the trouble to do all this only to find that the stamping
on the chassis is unreadable due to wear and the elements of the past 80 plus
years as rust takes hold and may never know the true engine number that was
dropped into the chassis at the time of assembly.
8
(Fig. 10)
The above engine/frame number, A4776553, the engine was assembled on July
22, 1931 (Fig. 10). This came off a car that was assembled in Argentina. Notice
that all the numbers, except for the 6, are not what was the norm for engine
number fonts from the USA. Thank you Justin Bicknell for this photo.
(Fig. 11)
9
The above engine number, A375213, was assembled on August 29, 1928 (Fig.
11). This engine was one that was shipped to Brazil. Notice the “Ford USA”
below the engine number. Not known if all foreign engines had this designation.
Thank you Evandro Ribeiro from Sao Paulo, Brazil for this photo.
How can I link the engine/frame number with the model of the car or truck
produced?
Just the engine/frame number will not do it!...it is anybody’s guess from that
standpoint.
10
To better locate this date (not all 28-29 tanks got dated), start at the top of the
very center of the steering column and run your finger straight up to the lips of
the lower and upper section (that section with the row of eight bolts and square
nuts). Just above this junction and on the front firewall section of the tank, you
should be able to see the date (Fig. 12 and 13).
(Fig. 12)
(Fig. 13)
The questions are, just when did the stamping process start and end; where
(besides on the tank) was the date stamped; and why was it put there in the first
place. Some claim it was put there on the day the body was assembled, but was
it? Maybe, maybe not. Over the course of the past five years, I have been
collecting these dates in conjunction with engine/frame numbers on various
original Model A’s. The research data from which I have gathered indicates
vehicles with dates on the tank which were stamped before engine stamping;
vehicles with dates on the tank which were stamped the same day as engine
stamping; and vehicles with dates on the tank which were stamped after engine
stamping.
Of the many original Model A and AA vehicles, which many of you were so kind
in submitting data, there were only two known vehicles which have given us
some great clues. These cars originated from the Louisville and Los Angles
assembly plants where they not only stamped the assembly plant code and body
number on the subfloor cross sill, but also stamped the month and year the body
was produced. With that, and knowing when the engine and gas tank were
stamped, might give us some clues as to what happened.
The first is a 1929 Tudor Sedan. The gas tank was stamped on January 20,
1929, and the engine was stamped at Dearborn on February 9, 1929 making the
tank stamped 19 days BEFORE the engine stamping date. The body has an
assembly plant code of LE 13885 2-29 which stands for the Louisville, KY Ford
assembly plant. The 2-29 designation was the month and year the body was
assembled and stamped at Louisville…February 1929. It took about 1 week or
so to get the parts sent from Dearborn to Louisville by train thus the February
stamping date on the body.
12
The second is a 1929 Standard Coupe. The engine was stamped at Dearborn
on August 22, 1929 and the gas tank was stamped on August 23, 1929, 1 day
AFTER the engine stamping date. The body has an assembly plant code of LA
9574 9-29 which stands for the Los Angles, CA Ford assembly plant. The 9-29
designation was the month and year the body was assembled and stamped at
Los Angles…September 1929. It took about 3 weeks or so to get the parts sent
from Dearborn to Los Angles by ship and or rail thus the September stamping
date on the body.
Yes, there are all sorts of other variables. The tank could of sat around for a
number of days; the engine could of sat around for a number of days; the
individual assembly plants, or just Dearborn, could have had a special machine
which stamped the dates before or after the assembly to the vehicle; or the tank
could have been changed at some point during the past 80 plus years since the
original assembly of the vehicle thus giving us a different date as was originally
was there or no date at all.
Other possibilities could have been that A-35327: Dash Upper Assembly could
have been stamped before or after assembly to the tank. Or once the tank was
complete and before assembly to the body, it got stamped. Or the tank was
stamped after the assembly to the body and before painting. Who knows for
sure?
The one thing we do know is that the date was on the tank prior to the painting of
the body for which many a tank has proven that fact.
To date, there has been no known Ford data, no known absolute proof that has
been found indicating that Ford stamped the gas tank on the date that the body
was assembled or anything else as far as that goes.
Again, thoughts as to why they were they stamped; when did the stamping of
dates on the tank start and end; and where was it done are still questions to be
answered.
As to why it was done, again, there is no known Ford data that I know of, telling
us just why the tanks were stamped in the first place. We can only guess.
As far as when the dating originally started and ended, or in what sequence, that
is a good question also. The earliest date for which I have collected is May 31,
1928 (5 31 28) and the latest is August 23, 1929 (8 23 29). I am almost sure that
there might be earlier and later dates out there. If so, I would like to know.
13
If anyone knows the answers to these three questions and can come up with
positive proof as to why, when and where, these tanks were stamped, I, along
with quite a few other people in this hobby would like to know. I am sure that
stuck away in some obscure file at The Henry Ford/Benson Ford Research
Center in Dearborn are the answers.
14
Each 32 (35) USA assembly plants had a series of 1-4 letters associated with
them. Here they are in alphabetical order: Atlanta, GA (A or AA); Buffalo, NY
(BO); Charlotte, NC (CE); Chester, PA (CR); Chicago, IL (CHI); Cincinnati, OH
(CI); Cleveland, OH (CL or CLE); Columbus, OH (G); Dallas, TX (DS); Dearborn
(The Rouge) MI (F or FD); Denver, CO (DR); Des Moines, IA (DM); Edgewater,
NJ (E); Houston, TX (H); Indianapolis, IN (I); Jacksonville, FL (JE); Kansas City,
KS (KC?); Kearny, NJ (KY); Long Beach, CA (LA); Los Angles, CA (LA);
Louisville, KY (LE); Memphis, TN (MEM); Milwaukee, WI (??); New Orleans, LA
(NO); Norfolk, VA (NK); Oklahoma City, OK (OC); Omaha, NE (??); Pittsburgh,
PA (??); Portland, OR (PO); Richmond, CA (R); San Francisco, CA (SFA or
SFAA); Seattle, WA (AS); Somerville, MA (S); St. Louis, MO (STL); Twin City,
MN (TC).
Assembly Plant Letters and Numbers are located on the top of the front body
steel cross member for which the front seat riser is riveted to (Fig. 14 and 15) or
the front of the Tudor seat post.
(Fig.14 )
15
(FIG. 15)
(Fig. 16)
production numbers are by body style but they very well might be. The
1928 and 1929 vehicles were considered as one set of production numbers
and they seem to have reverted back to number one with the introduction
of the 1930 vehicles. Two assembly plants (Louisville (LE), Kentucky and Los
Angeles/Long Beach (LA), California) affixed the month and year (4 31 to
indicate April 1931) to their assembly plant codes.
If you have a code pertaining to the assembly plants, please contact Dave
Sturges at [email protected] and provide him with the information to better
yet understand the Model A/AA Ford.
17
Mr. Carl Biederman from Anoka, Minnesota had found several of these codes on
various Model A Ford chassis with some letters followed by a number for which
was stamped into the rear areas of the vehicle. The areas for which Mr.
Biederman has found these codes are as follows: 1). Rear end axle housings; 2).
Top of the rear frame cross member and 3). The right rear corner of the rear
frame cross member.
The following list may be incomplete and may not have been implemented by all
the assembly plants for all years.
(Fig. 17)
18
In (Fig. 17) it shows an “R8”. Not sure what it means. Did the worker mean to
put “R7” for a Roadster, or did he mean to put “C8” for a Coupe? Would like to
thank Rusty Nelson for the photo.
FINISH CODES
Of the above list, each part had its own designated finish. The Parts Price Lists
will tell the finishes for most chassis related parts. However these finishes
changed from year to year on some parts but remained the same for the most
part. Check with the MARC/MAFCA Restoration Guidelines and Judging
Standards for a specific part and its finish date wise.
Ford assigned different codes for the following specific finishes. The “S” suffix on
numbers covering Standard Parts represent the finish of the part as shown by the
following list. However, there were other specific chassis parts that also had
specific finishes. Again, please refer to the MARC/MAFCA Restoration
Guidelines and Judging Standards for a specific part and its finish date wise.
CODE FINISH
Numbers without a suffix Plain
S-1 Black Paint
S-2 Raven Finish
S-3 Raven Finish and Black Paint, head only
S-4 Raven Finish and Black Paint
S-5 Copper Plate
S-6 Nickel Plate
S-7 Cadmium Plate
S-8 Zinc Plate
S-9 Blued Steel
S-10 Tinned
S-11 Terne Coated
S-12 Lacquer to match trim
S-13 Chrome Plated
S-14 Butler Finish
S-15 Oxydized
S-16 Lead Coated
22
When Ford began Model A/AA production in 1927 and through 1929, his “vehicle
designation” was mainly by the “Name” of the vehicle and each vehicle was
assigned a “Part Number Group” such as “Phaeton (28-29) 35000-38999”.
However when the 1930 models became available, Ford assigned “Body Model
Numbers” as per a May 16, 1930 Ford Service Letter from the Indianapolis
Branch.
The letter went on to say “The “Body Model Number” indicates the particular style
of body, and has been made to correspond with the part number group for that
particular body type.”
“The letter suffix designates designs of the same general type of body. Thus, in
accordance with the table outlined below, “Ford Body Model 35-A” indicates the
“Phaeton Body 1928-1929 design” and “Ford Body Model 35-B” indicates the
“Phaeton Body 1930 design.” These designations went through 1931.
When the “De Luxe” models made their appearance in 1930, in order to
distinguish between those that weren’t “De Luxe” models, Ford added the word
“Standard” to the “Body Type” HOWEVER kept the same “Body Model Code” (for
the most part).
Garbage body with heavy hydraulic hoist (3 cu. yd. 30-31 ??????? 203-D
capacity) (Wood)
Dump body with light hydraulic hoist (1-1/2 cu. yd. 30-31 ??????? 204-A
capacity) (Galion) (GH-4)
Dump body with light hydraulic hoist (1-1/2 cu. yd. 30-31 ??????? 204-B
capacity) (Wood) (GH-4)
Hi-Lift Hydraulic Coal Body (72 cu. ft.) (Wood) 31 ??????? 205-A
Dump body with Rotary power hoist (Anthony) 30-31 ??????? 206-A
Dump body with mechanical hoist (1-1/2 cu. yd. 31 ??????? 206-B
capacity) (Detwiler)
Combined dump and coal body with heavy hydraulic 30 ??????? 207-A
hoist (Galion)
Combined coal and coke body with high sides and end 31 ??????? 207-B
gate with chute opening and swinging partition with
heavy hydraulic hoist (120 cu. ft. capacity) (Wood)
Dump body with heavy hydraulic hoist (1-1/2 cu. yd. 30-31 ??????? 208-A
capacity) (Galion) (GH-5)
Dump body with heavy hydraulic hoist (1-1/2 cu. yd. 30-31 ??????? 208-B
capacity) (Wood) (GH-5)
Dump body with heavy hydraulic hoist (1-1/2 cu. yd. 30 ??????? 208-C
capacity) (GH-5)
“AA” Panel Delivery (for 157” Wheelbase)* 30-31* ???????* 210-A*
Stock Racks (for 131-1/2” Wheelbase) (47-3/4” high) 31 ??????? 228-A
Service Car 31 ??????? 229-A
Hoist for Service Car (229-A) 31 ??????? AA-229400
Tow Bar for Service Car (229-A) 31 ??????? AA-229402
Light hydraulic hoist and body under structure (Galion) 31 ??????? 236-A
Heavy hydraulic hoist and body under structure (Galion) 31 ??????? 237-A
Heavy hydraulic hoist and body under structure (Wood) 31 ??????? 237-B
Stock Racks (for 157” Wheelbase) (60” high) 31 ??????? 238-A
Meat Packers Express 31 ??????? 239-A
Heavy Duty Express Body (for 131-1/2” Wheelbase) 31 ??????? 242-A
Grain Body (for 157” Wheelbase)* 31* ???????* 244-A*
Grain Body (for 131-1/2” Wheelbase) 31 ??????? 248-A
Funeral Service (with Single Side Doors) 31 ??????? 270-A
Funeral Coach (with Double Side Doors) 31 ??????? 275-A
Ambulance Body (with Side Door) 31 ??????? 280-A
Police Patrol (De Luxe) 31 ??????? 285-A
Police Patrol (Standard) 31 ??????? 290-A
De Luxe Delivery (for 131-1/2” Wheelbase) 31 ??????? 300-A
Standrive Body (for 112” Wheelbase Chassis) 31 ??????? 315-A
School Bus* 31* ???????* 330-A*
Passenger Bus* 31* ???????* 330-B*
Drop Center Chassis (112” Wheelbase) 31 ??????? AA-112
Truck (“AA”) Chassis (131-1/2” Wheelbase) 31 ??????? AA-131
Truck (“AA”) Chassis (157” Wheelbase) 31 ??????? AA-157
Dual High (Units) 31 ??????? AA-4828
“AA” Panel Delivery Body with Tailgate* 31* ???????* Unknown*
De Luxe Delivery Body with Tailgate 31 ??????? Unknown
Special ????? De Luxe Delivery 31 ??????? Unknown
Dual Wheel Sets 30-31 ??????? Unknown
High Speed Axles 30-31 ??????? Unknown
Special Illinois Highway Express 31 ??????? Unknown
Special Illinois Highway Dump 31 ??????? Unknown
26
NOTE: The above three (3) lists contain only the “known” Model A/AA Ford
body styles which Ford produced from very late 1927 through 1931 in the
USA. They do not include the many “special” types of body styles that
were made by outside sources.
27
The codes were stenciled in white on to the back of the cover as seen the
following photo’s. I would like to thank Rich Winans for the photo (Fig. 18) of “V-
8” which represents “1928-August”; Craig Lewis for the photo (Fig. 19) of “W-9”
which represents “1929-September”; and Scott Walker for the photo (Fig. 20) of
“X-6” which represents “1930-June”.
(Fig. 18)
“1928-August”
28
(Fig. 19)
“1929-September”
(Fig. 20)
“1930-June”.
29
So, a stamp on an Auto-Lite part dated “11 F” would be “November 1929” and so
on.
30
“The numbers and the letters were stamped in a position that is across the band
width as opposed to the long way, but It interesting to me that the letter did not
always precede the number, or vice versa. While they all seem to appear across
the band 'width', they do not always read the same. Some are up side down”.
Tom Wesenberg indicated that “The armature core is also often times date
coded, using the same code as the band.”
The real issue seems to be weather this was actually a 'Ford' issue per
requirement or a supplier issue. Last month I was at a table next to a gentleman
at the Benson research center when he excitedly leaned over to me and showed
me a Ford drawing that had a note on it instructing the suppliers to date these
bands in this manner”.
I would like to thank Tom Moniz who supplied the photos. He indicated that
some bands are marked twice on the same band, some are horizontal to the
band, some have either the number or letter reversed, but the majority of original
bands don't have any markings on them.
(1931 February)
(Fig. 21)
(February 1930)
(Fig. 22)
Thanks to: Ron Cataldo, Will Cronkrite, Mike Gooding, Per Lind Jensen, Craig
Lewis, Tom Moniz, Rusty Nelson, Gary Pitsenbarger, David Sturges, Scott
Walker, Tom Wesenberg, and Rich Winans.