Midterm Prac Research Session 3 PDF

SESSION 3:Theoretical
Framework and
Qualitative Research
Designs
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

Qualitative Research Designs
HOMEWORK
READ ABOUT SAMPLING IN QUALITATIVE

RESEARCH AND WRITE EACH DEFINITIONS IN A ½
CROSSWISE PAPER
• Nonprobability Sampling • Expert Sampling
• Quota Sampling
• Probability Sampling • Non-proportional Quota
• Accidental, Haphazard or Convenience Sampling Sampling
• Heterogeneity Sampling
• Purposive Sampling
• Snowball Sampling
• Modal Instance Sampling

O identify the meaning of
B theoretical framework and its
J importance to research paper;
E
C describe qualitative research designs,
sample, and data collection and
T analysis procedures; and
I
V
chooses appropriate
E qualitative research design
S
REVIEW
Chapter 2 Ethical
Literature Review Considerations
INTRODUCTION Plagiarism
BODY Self-Plagiarism
SYNTHESIS Copyright

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
According to Abend (2008),
Theories are formulated to
explain, predict, and
understand phenomena.
The theoretical framework

The theoretical framework is the
introduces and describes the theory
structure that can hold or support a
that explains why the research
theory of a research study.
problem under study exists.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
A theoretical framework consists of concepts and,
together with their definitions and reference to
relevant scholarly literature, existing theory that is
used for your particular study.
Here are some strategies to develop of an effective theoretical framework:
Examine your thesis title and
List the constructs and variables
research problem
Brainstorm about what you consider to

Review key theories
be the key variables in your research.
Review related literature Discuss the assumptions or propositions

IMPORTANCE OF THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK
The theoretical framework strengthens the study in the following ways:
An explicit statement Articulating the theoretical

of theoretical assumptions permits assumptions of a research study
the reader to evaluate them forces you to address questions of
critically. why and how.
The theoretical framework

Having a theory helps you identify
connects the researcher to existing
the limits to those generalizations.
knowledge.

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
DESIGNS
• Research design is a plan which structures a study to ensure that
the data collected and generated will contain the information
needed to answer the initial inquiry as fully and clearly as possible
(Cristobal, 2017).
• Research designs are the specific procedures involved in the

research process: data collection, data analysis, and report
writing (Creswell, 2012).

COMMON QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS
CHARACTERISTICS
• The researcher applies bracketing by focusing on the meaning of the
PHENOMONOLOGY perceived experience or on the interpretation of the said data.
This design focuses • It uses unstructured or semi-structured data collection.

on obtaining
• It uses appropriate and systematic data analysis methods or adapts
descriptions of the established and credible processes to suit the study’s purpose.
subjects’ or
• The research is transparent.
respondents’ lived
experiences either • It uses the first person perspective. For example, the participant may
say. “I am experiencing sleepless nights…”
in writing or
through • The researcher identifies the phenomenon not just in themes or
categories.
interviews.
• It collects data in groups, such as in a focus group interviews.

COMMON QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS
A grounded
theory design is a
GROUNDED THEORY systematic,
qualitative
The self-defined procedure used to
purpose of generate a
grounded theory theory that
is to develop explains, at a broad
theory about conceptual level, a
phenomena of process, an action,
interest. or an interaction
about a
substantive topic
(Creswell, 2013).
COMMON QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS
CHARACTERISTICS
• Case studies are time consuming and maybe quite
costly.
CASE STUDY
• It needs in-depth analysis of single or multiple case/s.
A case study is a
comprehensive, in-
• It uses multiple sources of data such as documentation,
depth examination interviews, observation and environmental detail.
of a specific
individual, group of
• It may result in descriptions of themes and assertions.
people, or
institution.
• It clarifies cases and contexts
• It can select and develop issues.

COMMON QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS
ETHNOGRAPHY
ETHNOGRAPHY
Ethnographic designs
are qualitative
research procedures Literally means
for describing, “writing about
analyzing, groups of people”.
and interpreting a
culture-sharing group’s
shared patterns of
behavior, beliefs, and
language
that develop over time
(Creswell, 2013).
COMMON QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH DESIGNS
FIELD RESEARCH
The researcher
goes "into the
field" to observe
the phenomenon
in its natural state
or in situ.
METHODS USED IN
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
GROUP INTERVIEWS/FOCUS
INDIVIDUAL INTERVIEWS OBSERVATIONS
GROUP DISCUSSION
Conversations Conducted with several

Conducted to
participants
which are simultaneously, and may document and
designed to elicit be more appropriate in analyze behavior and
the information some cases such as when social phenomena as
the study concern a they occur in their
that the researcher community issue or
natural context
needs.. shared experience.
Planning the Research Design:
Steps in Planning the Design
Methodological
Location Nature of Data
• Why do you • What will the • . How big will
want to • What methods study cover? •What kind of the data be?
address this and strategies • What will it data is needed
research? do you intend not cover? to answer the
to use? inquiry? Thinking
Establishing Scoping
the purpose ahead
SESSION 3:Theoretical
Framework and
Qualitative Research
Designs
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

REMINDER!!HOMEWORK
READ ABOUT SAMPLING IN QUALITATIVE

RESEARCH AND WRITE EACH DEFINITIONS IN A ½
CROSSWISE PAPER
• Nonprobability Sampling • Expert Sampling
• Quota Sampling
• Probability Sampling • Non-proportional Quota
• Accidental, Haphazard or Convenience Sampling Sampling
• Heterogeneity Sampling
• Purposive Sampling
• Snowball Sampling
• Modal Instance Sampling


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SESSION 3:Theoretical

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

READ ABOUT SAMPLING IN QUALITATIVE

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

The theoretical framework

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

Brainstorm about what you consider to

Review related literature Discuss the assumptions or propositions

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

An explicit statement Articulating the theoretical

The theoretical framework

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

• Research designs are the specific procedures involved in the

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

This design focuses • It uses unstructured or semi-structured data collection.

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

• It can select and develop issues.

Conversations Conducted with several

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

READ ABOUT SAMPLING IN QUALITATIVE

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1: Theoretical Framework and

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