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    Respiratory System of Frog: External Respiration

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    Shaira Cogollodo
    Frogs and humans both breathe to bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide, but their respiratory systems differ in several key ways adapted to their environments. While humans breathe exclusively through lungs, frogs can breathe through their skin, mouth, or lungs. Their lungs are simpler with thinner walls. Frogs also lack a diaphragm and instead use throat muscles to breathe. Their skin provides additional respiration in damp environments.

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    Respiratory System of Frog: External Respiration

    Uploaded by

    Shaira Cogollodo
    534 views3 pages
    Frogs and humans both breathe to bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide, but their respiratory systems differ in several key ways adapted to their environments. While humans breathe exclusively through lungs, frogs can breathe through their skin, mouth, or lungs. Their lungs are simpler with thinner walls. Frogs also lack a diaphragm and instead use throat muscles to breathe. Their skin provides additional respiration in damp environments.

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    RESPI SYSTEM OF FROG

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    Frogs and humans both breathe to bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide, but their respiratory systems differ in several key ways adapted to their environments. While humans breathe exclusively through lungs, frogs can breathe through their skin, mouth, or lungs. Their lungs are simpler with thinner walls. Frogs also lack a diaphragm and instead use throat muscles to breathe. Their skin provides additional respiration in damp environments.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    534 views3 pages

    Respiratory System of Frog: External Respiration

    Uploaded by

    Shaira Cogollodo
    Frogs and humans both breathe to bring oxygen into the body and remove carbon dioxide, but their respiratory systems differ in several key ways adapted to their environments. While humans breathe exclusively through lungs, frogs can breathe through their skin, mouth, or lungs. Their lungs are simpler with thinner walls. Frogs also lack a diaphragm and instead use throat muscles to breathe. Their skin provides additional respiration in damp environments.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Respiratory System of Frog

    The process of gaseous exchange (O2 and CO2) and utilization of oxygen to breakdown food to
    release energy is called respiration. The process of respiration involves three stages. 

    External respiration 
    It also refers to breathing. In this process, the O2 is taken into the body and the CO2 is thrown out
    from the body into the environment. 
    Internal respiration 
    It refers to utilization of O2 to break down food to release energy and release of CO2 during the
    process. 
    Transport of gases 
    It refers to transportation of O2 from the respiratory surface to the cell and tissues and the CO2 from
    cell and tissues to the respiratory surface. There are three types of respiration in frog 
    1. Coetaneous respiration 
    · The respiration through skin is called coetaneous respiration. 
    · The coetaneous respiration occurs in hibernation and aestivation and in water. 
    · The skin of frog is thin and vascularised (skin is supplied with fine blood vessels). 
    · The skin is always becomes moist by mucous secreted from the mucous glands. 
    · Due to moist skin, the oxygen from the environment diffuses into the blood through skin and the
    carbon dioxide diffuses out from the blood into the environment. 
    2. Buccopharyngeal respiration 
    · The respiration through the buccopharyngeal cavity is called buccopharyngeal respiration. 
    · The buccal cavity consists of moist mucous membrane and richly supplied with blood vessels. 
    · The air enters into the cavity through nares and gaseous exchange takes place through the lining
    of buccal cavity between blood and air present in the cavity. 
    3. Pulmonary respiration 
    · The respiration through the lungs is called pulmonary respiration. 
    · This respiration occurs only when the need of oxygen is more during swimming and jumping. 
    · There is a pair of lungs. The lungs are thin walled elastic sacs. They are present within thoracic
    cavity on either side of heart. 
    · Numerous small air sacs are present in the lungs called alveoli. 
    · The alveoli are very thin walled and supplied by blood vessels. The air enters into the alveoli of the
    lungs through the external nares, internal nares, buccopharyngel cavity, glottis, laryngotrachial
    camber, and bronchi. 
    Mechanism of pulmonary respiration 
    Inspiraton 
    · Process of inhaling of air is called inspiration. 
    · The mouth remains closed. The sternohyalas contract and the floor of buccal cavity is lowered. The
    space in cavity is increased and air pressure is decreased. Therefore, air is taken in into cavity
    through nare. 
    · The nares remain closed and petrohyals contract and floor is raised up. Space in cavity is
    decreased and pressure is increased. The air passed into lungs. 
    · In lungs, alveoli are filled with air and gaseous exchange takes place between blood and alveoli.
    Then oxygen is carried to cells and tissues in the same manner as in cutaneous respiration. 
    Expiration 
    · The process of exhaling of CO2 is called expiration. 
    · The lungs get contracted. The external nare remains closed. 
    · The floor of the cavity is lowered and the air is drawn into the cavity from the lungs. 
    · The nares then open and the cavity raises and then the air is passed out through the nares. 
    Transportation of gases 
    The oxygen diffused into the blood through coetaneous, buccopharyngeal and pulmonary respiration
    is carried to the cells and tissues by hemoglobin of the blood RBC. When the oxygen reacts with
    hemoglobin, the oxyhemoglobin is formed, this is unstable and soon dissociates into hemoglobin
    and oxygen in cell surface. The released oxygen in cell surface from oxyhemoglobin diffuses into the
    cytoplasm of the cell. In the cytoplasm, the oxygen is utilized to break down the food to release
    energy. The process is called internal Respiration or cell Respiration. During the process, the CO2 is
    produced. 

    C6H12O6 + O2---------------------------------CO2 + H2O + energy 

    The released CO2 from the cell cytoplasm diffuses out through cell membrane into the blood. In the
    blood CO2 may reacts with water in plasma to form carbonic acid (H2CO3) or carbonic acid
    dissociates into HCO3 and H ions, which may react with sodium and potassium ions to form sodium
    and potassium bicarbonates. The carbon dioxide is transported to respiratory surface in the form of
    these compounds.

    THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF FROGS


    AND HUMANS

    Frogs and humans need to breathe for the same reason: to bring oxygen into the body and to
    expel carbon dioxide. We both have lungs for these tasks, but that's where most of the
    similarities end. Frogs live in a different environment than humans, and differences in their
    respiratory systems reflect that.

    Lungs
    Humans breathe exclusively through their lungs, but frogs use their lungs for only part of their
    respiration. Frog lungs have thinner walls and are almost like balloons. They often fill their lungs
    to help them stay buoyant when swimming. Both species have bronchial tubes leading to the
    lungs, but human systems are more complicated, with many branching bronchiole. The lungs of
    frogs and humans have alveoli, tiny vessels that make the actual gas exchange. But the alveoli in
    humans are more densely packed because we breathe only through our lungs.

    Diaphragm
    As humans, we use our diaphragm muscle to push up on our lungs and help us breathe out.
    Contracting the diaphragm, which sits under the lungs and separates our thoracic cavity from the
    abdominal cavity, pushes air out. Releasing the diaphragm lets the lungs stretch back out,
    making room for air you're breathing in. Frogs don't have a diaphragm. Instead, they use muscles
    in their throat sacs to help draw in air and push it back into the lungs.

    Skin
    Frogs have another organ they use to breathe: their skin. Frogs can exchange oxygen for carbon
    dioxide through their skin, but it needs to be moist for the process to work correctly. That's why
    you typically see frogs near water or burrowed in damp soil. Frogs' skin is an efficient breathing
    machine, exchanging carbon dioxide 2 1/2 time faster than their lungs can. In comparison,
    humans eliminate less than 1 percent of the necessary carbon dioxide through the skin.

    Mouths
    If you've never seen a frog yawn, it's because they don't. They don't breathe through their
    mouths, only through their noses. We, on the other hand, have a choice of breathing through our
    noses or our mouths, or both. Frogs use muscles beneath their jaws to help move air, but their
    mouths stay closed while they breathe.

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