The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.

vu
1. a= 17. n = real depth
t
apparent depth
2. v2 = u2 + 2as
1 1 1
1 2 18.  
3. s = ut+ at f u v
2
4. Momentum = mv
19. Linear magnification, m = v
u
5. F = ma
20. P = 1/ f
6. Kinetic energy =½ mv2
21. v= f
7. Gravitational potential energy = mgh
ax
22. =
D
1
8. Elastic potential energy = Fx
2
9. Power, P = energy 23. Q = It
time
m 24. E = VQ
10. ρ=
V
25. V = IR
11. Pressure in liquid,p=hg
26. E = V + Ir
F
12. Pressure,p= 27. Power, P = VI
A

13. Heat, Q = mc NS V

 S
28. N P VP
14. Heat, Q = mℓ

15. P1V1 = P2V2 I sV s

29. Efficiency= x 100%
I pV p
16. V1= V2 30. g = 10 ms-2
T1 T2

1
 Section A
[60 marks]
Answer all questions in this section

1. Diagram 1 (a) shows the initial reading of a stopwatch at the beginning of an experiment.
The stopwatch was used to measure the time for 20 complete oscillations made by a simple
pendulum of length, l.
Diagram 1 (b) shows the reading of the stopwatch at the end of the experiment.

Diagram 1 (a) Diagram 1 (b)

Diagram 1(a) Diagram 1(b)
(a) What is the sensitivity of the stopwatch?

[1 mark]

(b) The stopwatch has a zero error as shown in Diagram 1 (a). What is the reading of the
zero error?

[1 mark]

(c) What is the reading of the stopwatch in Diagram 1 (b)?

[1 mark / 1 markah]

(d) What is the actual time taken for the pendulum to complete 20 oscillations?

2. Amirul walks to Boon Chun's house which is situated 80 m to the east of Amirul's house. They
then walk towards their school which is 60 m to the south of Boon Chun's house.

2
 Diagram 2

a) Tick on the correct box

Displacement is

Vector quantity Scalar quantity

[1 mark]

b) Based on Diagram 2, calculate Amirul's displacement from his house.

[2 marks]

c) If from rest, Amirul starts to walk to Boon Chun's house and reach there in 30 seconds, what is
his acceleration?

[2 marks]

3. Diagram 3.1 shows the ticker tape chart produced by the motion of trolley.

3
 Diagram 3.1

(a) Based on Diagram 3.1,

(i) Describe the motion of the trolley.

…………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(ii) Calculate the average speed

[3 marks]

(b) On Diagram 3.2, sketch a velocity-time graph to show the motion of the trolley.

Velocity (cms-1)

Time (s)

Diagram 3.2

[2 marks]
4. Diagram 4 shows a graph of velocity v against time t plotted based on the motion of a

4
 taxi travelling at a certain velocity.

Diagram 4

(a) Name the physical quantity represented by the gradient of the graph.

________________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(b) Describe the motion of the taxi in…

(i) Portion B?
___________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(ii) Portion C?
___________________________________________________________
[1 mark]

(c) (i) Calculate the distance travelled in portion B?

[2 marks]
(ii) Calculate the acceleration in portion C?

[2 marks]
4 Diagram 5(a) and diagram 5(b) show two pieces of plasticine are attached to two
similar hacksaw blades of the same length. The mass of plasticine in diagram 5(a) is 10
g and the mass of plasticine in diagram 5(b) is 20 g.
The two plasticine then are set to oscillate. The frequency of oscillations for both
plasticine is determine as shown in diagram A and diagram B.

5
 Hacksaw blade
Bilah gergali

G - clamp
Pengapit - G

Plasticine
Plastisin

Frequency
Frekuensi
= 15 Hz

Diagram 5(a)

Hacksaw blade
Bilah gergali

G - clamp
Pengapit - G

Plasticine
Plastisin

Frequency
Frekuensi
= 5 Hz

Diagram 5(b)

(a) What is the meaning of frequency?

[ 1 mark]

(b) Based on diagram A and diagram B;

(i) Compare the mass of the two plasticines.

6
 [ 1 mark]
(ii) Compare the frequency of oscillation of the two plasticines.

[ 1 mark]
(iii) Relate the mass and the frequency of oscillation of the two plasticines.

[ 1 mark
(c) Name a physics concept involved in these situations.

[ 1 mark]
(d) What happen to the frequency of oscillations when the length of the hacksaw
blade clamped is shorter?

[ 1 mark]
(e) The time taken for 20 complete oscillations of the plasticine is 10 seconds.
Calculate:

(i) The period of oscillations.

(ii) The frequency of oscillation.

[ 2 marks]

6. Diagram 6 shows the motion of a ball and a wooden block before and after collision. Table 6
shows momentum before and after collision.

Before collision After collision

Stationary
pegun

Ball
Ball Wooden
Wooden block
block

7
 Diagram 6

Momentum before collision Momentum after collision

Ball Wooden block Ball Wooden block
2.5 0.0 0.4 2.1

Table 6

a) What is meant by momentum?

......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

b) Based on Diagram 6 and table 6, determine the total momentum of the ball and the wooden
block.

i. Before the collision

......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

ii. After collision

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

c) Compare the answer in 6(b)(i) and 6(b)(ii)

.......................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

d) i. Based on the answer in 6(b) and 6(c), state a conclusion about the total momentum.

......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

ii. Name the physics principle involved in 6(d)(i).

.......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

iii. State one condition needed in order to apply the physics principle stated in 6(d)(ii).

…………………………………………………………………………………………...

8
 [1 mark]

7. Diagram 7 shows a velocity-time graph of a toy car moving on the floor

9
 Diagram 7

a) What is the initial velocity of the toy car?

________________________________________________________________
( 1 mark)
b) Calculate the total distance travelled by the toy car

(2 marks)
c) Calculate the average velocity of the toy car

( 2 marks)
d) Calculate the acceleration from point C and D

( 2 marks)

e) Sketch the acceleration-time graph of the toy car from t = 0 s to t = 6 s

(3 marks)

10
8 A student carries out an experiment to investigate the relationship between the height, h, of
the inclined plane and the acceleration, a, of the trolley as it moves freely down the inclined
plane. The experiment is carried out using a ticker –timer and tickertape.
The result of this experiment is shown in the graph of a against h in Diagram 8.1.

(a) Based on the graph in Diagram 8.1:

(i) State the relationship between a and h.

……………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(ii) Determine the value of a when h = 0.10 m.

Show on the graph how you determine the value of a.

a = ……………………………………………ms-2

[3 marks]

11
 Graph of a against h
a / ms-2

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

h/m

0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40

Diagram 8.1

12
 (iii) Calculate the gradient, m, of the graph.
Shows on the graph how you determine m.

m = …………………………………………
[3 marks]

(b) The gradient, m, of the graph is given by formula,

where g is the gravitational acceleration and l is the length of inclined plane.

In the experiment, l = 2.5 m. Calculate the value of g.

g = ………………………………………………
[2 marks]

13
(c) The relationship between the gravitational acceleration, g, and time taken, t, of the
trolley that moves down the inclined plane is

Using the answer in 8(b) and l = 2.5 m, calculate the time taken, t, for the trolley to
move down the inclined plane.

[2 marks]

(d) State one precaution that should be taken to improve the result of this experiment.

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

14
 Section B
(20 marks)

Answer only one question in this section

9. Diagram 9.1 shows a cheetah is chasing a deer. Given that mass and velocity of the
cheetah and the deer are 60 kg , 20 m s-1 and 70 kg , 15 m s-1 respectively
Diagram 9.2 shows a cheetah success to catch a deer and both move with same velocity ,
v m s-1

Diagram 9.1 Diagram 9.2

a) What is the type of collision in diagram above?

[1 mark]
b) Compare the velocity and momentum between a cheetah and a deer in Diagram 9.1 .
Calculate the total momentum of the cheetah and the deer in diagram 9.1. Compare the
total momentum in diagram 9.1 and diagram 9.2. Name the physics principle involved in
the above situations

[5 mark]

c) Using the principle of conservation of momentum, explain the working principle of the
rocket.

[4 mark]

d) Diagram 9.3 below shows an athlete throwing a javelin..

15
 Diagram 9.3

Using appropriate physics concepts, explain the use of suitable equipment and
techniques to improve his performance. Your answer should include the following
aspects:

(i) Material used for javelin.

(ii) Density of javelin.

(iii) Shape of javelin

(iv) Motion of athlete.

(v) How the javelin should be thrown

[10 mark]

10. Diagram 10(a) shows a car and a lorry stopping at a red traffic light. When the traffic light
turns green as in Diagram 10(b), the car is found to move ahead of the lorry.

16
 Diagram 10(a) Diagram 10(a)

(a) What is meant by mass?

[ 1 mark]

(b) Based on diagram (a) and diagram (b), compare the masses of the vehicles and their
ability to speed ahead. Relate the mass of the vehicle and the way it can start moving
from rest to deduce a concept in physics with regard to the motion of objects.
State the physics concept.
.
[ 5 marks]

(c) Based on the physics concept stated in (b),

(i) Explain why a driver lurch forwards when a car he is driving comes to a
sudden stop.

(ii) Describe and explain a method which can overcome the situation in (c)(i).

[ 4 marks]

(d) Diagram shows a water rocket made from an empty 1.5 liter plastic soft drink bottle by
adding water and pressurizing it with air for launching.

17
The objective is to keep the rocket in the air as long as possible. Using the appropriate
physics concepts, suggest and explain suitable designs based on the characteristics of

(i) the acceleration

(ii) the shape
(iii) the structure
(iv) the buoyant force (upthrust)
(v) the stability of the motion,
to improve the water rocket.

[10 marks]

Section C
[20 marks]

Answer all questions.

18
1 Diagram below shows a boat carrying two workers roaming around a swamp area. The
1 boat is able to move a constant speed.

(a) (i) What is the meaning of speed?

[ 1 mark]]

(ii Explain how the boat is able to move in the swampy area.
)
[ 4 marks]

(b (i) The total mass of the workers are 150 kg and the mass of the boat is 20 kg.
) The velocity of the air blows by the fan is 50 kmh-1. Calculate the velocity of
the boat at the moment?
Write the velocity of the boat in ms-1.

[ 4 marks]

(ii State an assumption that you have made in (b)(i).

)

[ 1 mark]

(c) Table below shows the characteristics of five swamp boats.

Swamp Type of bottom shape Size of Body Propeller

boat motor material material

19
 P Small Aluminium Hard
stainless
steel
Q Small Plywood Wood

R Big Aluminum Soft

stainless
steel
S Small Wood Aluminium

T Big Fiberglass Fiber glass

Explain the suitability of the material and characteristics to make the efficient
swamp boat. Determine the most suitable swamp boat to be used. Give reasons
for your choice.
.
[ 10 marks]

PPT F4 PHYSICS P2 2018

Answer scheme/SkemaJawapan

NO Marking scheme/Skema pemarkahan M T

1 (a) 1 second 1
(b) + 2 second 1 4

20
 (c) 26 second 1
(d) 24 second 1

2. (a) Vector quantity 1

√802 + 602 1
(b)
= 100 m 1
(c) s = ut + 1/2 at2
80 = 0 + 1/2 (a)(302) 1
a = 80/ 450
a = 0. 178 ms-2 1 5

3 (a)(i) Increasing velocity then constant velocity//constant acceleration then

constant velocity
1
Halaju meningkat seterusnya halaju malar//pecutan malar seterusnya
halaju malar
(a)(ii) State the total distance/total time

M1
Correct substitution

M2

State the answer

86.6667//86.667//86.67//86.7 cms-1 M3

(b) Sketch the correct pattern of graph

M1

M2

21
4. (a) Acceleration/ Pecutan 1
(b) (i) The taxi accelerates
Teksi itu memecut 1
(ii) The taxi decelerates
Teksi itu menyahpecut 1
(c) (i)
1
= 125 m 1
(ii) 1
Pecutan =

= -1 m 1

7
5. (a) Displacement is the distance travelled in a certain direction. 1
Sesaran ialah jarak yang dilalui dalam suatu arah tertentu.
(b) (i) The mass of loads fixed to the jigsaw blade in Diagram 5.2 is 4 times
the mass in Diagram 5.1.
Jisim beban yang dipasang pada bilah gergaji dalam Rajah 5.2 adalah
4 kali ganda daripada jisim dalam Rajah 5.1. 1
(ii) The period of oscillations in Diagram 5.2 is twice the period of
oscillations in Diagram 5.1.
Tempoh ayunan dalam Rajah 5.2 adalah dua kali ganda lebih besar
daripada tempoh ayunan dalam Rajah 5.1. 1
(iii The number of oscillations in 3 seconds in Diagram 5.1 is twice the
) number of oscillations in 3 seconds in Diagram 5.2.
Bilangan ayunan dalam 3 saat dalam Rajah 5.1 adalah dua kali ganda
bilangan ayunan dalam 3 saat dalam Rajah 5.2. 1
(iv When the mass of load increases, the period of oscillations increases.
) Apabila jisim beban bertambah, tempoh ayunan juga bertambah.

1
(v) The product of period and number of oscillations is 3.
Hasil darab tempoh ayunan dengan bilangan ayunan ialah 3. 1
(c) (i) The amplitude decreases
Amplitudnya berkurang 1
(ii) Damping is caused by air resistance.
Pelembapan disebabkan oleh rintangan udara. 1
8

6 (a) The product of mass and velocity/hasil darab jisim dan halaju 1
(b)(i) P = 2.5 +0 = 2.5 kgms-1 1
(b)(ii) P = 0.4+2.1=2.5 kgms-1 1
(c) Same/sama 1

22
 Total momentum before collision is equal to total momentum after
(d)(i) collision/momentum sebelum perlangggaran sama dengan selepas 1
perlanggaran
The principle of conservation of momentum/ prinsip keabadian 1
(d)(ii)
momentum
No external forces exerted on system / tiada daya luar bertindak ke atas 1
(d)(iii)
sistem
(e) Inelastic collision / perlanggaran tidak kenyal 1
8
7 The rate of change of momentum // Change of momentum over impact
(b)(i) time 1
Kadar perubahan momentum//mv-mu/t
Moves hand backward to prolongs impact time.
(b)(ii) 1
Gerak tangan kebelakang untuk meningkatkan masa hentaman
M1
(c)
= 225 N (Answer with unit) M2
Thicker glove
Sarung tangan yang lebih tebal 1
(d)(i)
Reason: increase the time impact / reduce impulsive force
Alasan: memanjangkan masa hentaman / mengurangkan daya impuls 1
Soft surface
Permukaan lembut 1
(d)(ii)
Reason: increase the time impact / reduce impulsive force
Alasan: memanjangkan masa hentaman / mengurangkan daya impuls 1
leather
kulit 1
Reason: Durable//Flexible//Long lasting
(d)(iii)
Alasan: Tahan lasak//mudah lentur//Tahan lama 1

10
Weight is the product of mass and gravitational acceleration/ berat ialah 1
(e)
8 hasil darab jisim dan daya gravity
ϴ = 30o 2

(b)(i)

Kos 30o = 250 / T 2

(b)(ii)
T = 288.68 N
Increase the angle / tambahkan nilai sudut 2
(c)(i)
To reduce tension of the rope / untuk kurangkan ketegangan tali
Use inelastic rope / gunakan tali yang tidak kenyal 2
(c)(ii)
Avoid parachuter from swinging / menecegah penerjun daripada berayun

23
 Increase the length of the rope/ tambah panjang tali 2
(c)(iii) Easy for two parachuter to hold /mudah dipegang oleh dua orang
penerjun
(d) Choose P / pilih P 1 12

9.
a) A push or a pull that can change the size, shape or velocity of an object.
Suatu tolakan atau tarikan yang boleh mengubah saiz, bentuk atau halaju suatu objek
[1 mark/ markah]
b) Number of horses : 9.2 > 9.1 , Forces : 9.2 > 9.1 Acceleration : 9.2 > 9.1
Directly proportional , Second Laws of Newton
Bilangan kuda : 9.2 > 9.1 Daya : 9.2 > 9.1 Pecutan : 9.2 > 9.1
Berkadar terus, Hukum Newton Kedua
[5 mark/ markah]
c) • Higher mass, higher inertia
• Inertia is the property of an object which resists a change in its motion.If it is at rest
it tends to remain at rest , if it is moving it tends to continue moving.
• To accelerate an object, need to overcome the inertia first.
• Therefore, more force is needed for heavier object.

[4 mark/ markah]
d)
Characteristics Pilihan Reason
Ciri-ciri Sebab
i)Bahan yang digunakan bahan yang Supaya tidak mudah pecah pada tekanan tinggi
Material used kuat
ii) Bentuk roket larus/ Mengurangkan rintangan
Rocket shape aerodinamik udara/menambahkan halaju
iii) Sudut pelancaran roket pada sudut 45 Dapat bergerak lebih jauh
lancher angle of rocket
iv)Isipadu air yang digunakan 1/3 daripada Menghasilkan momentum yang besar
Volume of water rocket botol / Tenaga kinetik tinggi / daya impuls besar
v) Letakkan sirip atau sayap pada Roket tidak akan berpusing pusing/ bergerak dalam
badan roket keadaan stabil.
Add fin / wing at the rocket body Will not wobbling during launching
vi) Bahan plastik/ ketumpatan rendah Ringan / mudah terapung

[10 mark/ markah]

10.
a) Inelastic collision / Perlanggaran tidak kenyal
[1 mark/ markah]
b) Observe Diagram 10.1
M1 velocity : cheetah > tiger
M2 momentum : cheetah > tiger
M3 Total momentum of the cheetah and the deer

24
 M4 Total momentum diagram 10.1 same 10.2
M5 Principle Consevation of momentum
[5 mark/ markah]
c) Fuel burns in the combustion chamber
Hot gases expelled at high speed backwards
A large backwards momentum is produced
The rocket gains forwards momentum of equal magnitude

Bahan api terbakar di kebuk pembakaran

Gas panas dikeluarkan pada kelajuan tinggi ke belakang.
Momentum ke belakang yang besar dihasilkan.
Momentum ke hadapan roket bertambah sama dengan magnitud ke belakang.

[4 mark/ markah]
d)
Characteristics Pilihan Reason
Ciri-ciri Sebab
Material used for javelin. bahan yang kuat Supaya tidak mudah patah
Bahan yang digunakan
untuk membuat lembing
Density of javelin. Ketumpatan rendah Supaya jisim rendah/ringan
Ketumpatan lembing.
Shape of javelin larus/ aerodinamik Mengurangkan rintangan
Bentuk lembing. udara/menambahkan halaju
Motion of athlete. laju tinggi Menghasilkan momentum yang besar
Gerakan atlit. / Tenaga kinetik tinggi
How the javelin should be Lembing dilontar di atas Dapat mencapai jarak optimum/ daya
thrown. paras yang lebih besar diperolehi
Bagaimana lembing perlu bahu// pada sudut 45
direjam.
Menghayun Menghasilkan momentum yang
tangan/lembing dari besar/ daya yang lebih besar/ jarak
belakang lebih jauh
[10 mark/ markah]

11 Markah/ M
(a) (i) Inertia is the tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest, of if the
object is moving it will continue to move with constant velocity in a 1
straight line.
Inersia adalah kecenderungan sebuah objek yang berada dalam
keadaan rehat untuk terus rehat, atau jika objek itu bergerak, ia
akan terus bergerak dengan halaju malar dalam satu lintasan lurus.

(a) (ii) Neither. Inertia is not a physical quantity. 1

Tidak. Inersia bukan suatu kuantiti fizik.

25
 (b) Before the bus moves, the passenger is at rest. When the bus
suddenly accelerates forward, the inertia of the passenger maintains
its initial position and thus moves backwards as the bus moves
forwards. The passenger in a moving bus is initially in a state of
motion. When the brakes are suddenly applied to stop the bus, the
1
inertia of the passenger causes the passenger to continue to move
1
forward.
- Sebelum bas itu bergerak, penumpang berada dalam keadaan
rehat. 1
- Bila bas memecut dengan tiba-tiba, inersia penumpang
mengekalkan keadaan asalnya dan maka gerak ke belakang bila bas 1
gerak ke hadapan.
- Penumpang dalam bas yang bergerak pada asalnya sedang dalam
keadaan bergerak.
- Bila bas itu terhenti dengan tiba-tiba, inersia penumpang
menyebabkan penumpang gerak ke hadapan.

(c) (i) u = 20ms-1, v = 0, s = 50m, a = ?

v2 = u2 +2as 1
02 = 202 +2a(50)
0 = 400 + (100)a 1
a = -4 ms-2 ( Jawaban dengan unit yang betul )
deceleration/nyahpecutan = 4 ms-2

(c) (ii) retarding force/daya yang memperlahan = ma

=(2500)(4) 1
= 10 000 N ( Jawaban dengan unit betul ) 1

(d) (i) Characteristic Reason / Sebab

Small mass the car will be able to produce a bigger 2

acceleration and ultimately move faster.
2
High power acceleration achieved by car is higher. 2
rating
Aerodynamic - air resistance will be reduced enabling the car to 2
shape move faster.

Wider tyre - Increase stability of the car

(d) (ii) (ii) Car R - because its mass is small, have a high power rating and
is aerodynamic. 2
kereta R - sebab jisimnya kecil, mempunyai kadar kuasa tinggi dan
aerodinamik.

JUMLAH 20 M

26
Soalan Markah
12
1. (a) Force that acts against slidingmotionoftwo surfaces.
1
Daya yang menentang pergerakan meluncur dua
permukaan.

(b)
(i) 400 cos 600 = 200 N 2

(ii) 200 – 120 = 80 N 1

(iii) 40a = 80
=2 ms–2
1
(c)
-The boyslide downwards at angle ofinclination30° because
the component force parallelto the slope is
greater thanthe frictionalforce. 1

Budak itu meluncur ke bawah pada sudut 30° kerana daya

komponen yang selari dengan cerun lebih
besar daripada daya geseran.

– Therefore the boyaccelerates downwards.

Oleh itu budak memecut ke bawah.
1

– The boystaystationaryat angle ofinclination17.5° because

the component force parallelto the slope is
equalto the frictionalforce. 1
Budak berada dalam keadan pegun pada sudut 17.5° kerana
daya yang selari dengan cerun
adalah sama dengan daya geseran.

– Therefore the net force is zero.

Oleh itu daya bersih adalah sifar.

1
(d)
(i) The lawnmover is pushed so that it can cut grass more
efficient. 2
Mesin rumput ditolak supaya boleh memotong rumput lebih
cekap.

27
 (ii)Larger mass ofthe lawnmover to make the lawnmover
more stable. 2
Jisim lebih besar untuk membuat mesin rumput lebih stabil.

(iii)Larger blade to cut more grass.

Bilah pemotong besar untuk memotong lebih banyak rumput.
2

(iv) (iv)Large angle between the handle and horizontal to

produce bigger downward force.

Sudut besar antara pemegang dengan ufuk untuk 2

menghasilkan daya ke bawah yang lebih besar.

The most suitable lawnmover is M.

The lawnmover M is pushed at a large angle between the
handle and the horizontal.
Mesin rumput yang sesuai adalah M.
2

28