Carbohydrates Chemistry and Metabolism
Carbohydrates Chemistry and Metabolism
Carbohydrates Chemistry and Metabolism
(a) Sucrose
(b) glucose
(c) glycogen
(d) starch
· All the following molecules contain more than one ring except
(a) Cholesterol
(b) glucose
(c) progesterone
(d) sucrose
(e) DNA
· All of the following products result from digestion of starch in mouth except:
A) Isomaltose
B) Maltose
C) Dextrin
D) Glucose
C) Sugars pass with concentration gradient (from high to low concentration)
A) Storage
B) Reduction
C) Conversion to fructose
A) Lactate
B) Glucose
D) Ethanol
A) Glycolysis
B) Glycogenolysis
C) Glycogenesis
D) Gluconeogenesis
A) Galactose
B) Glucose
C) Fructose
D) Pyruvate
· Which of the following metabolic pathway DOES NOT occur in mitochondria?
A. Citric acid cycle
B. Electron transport chain
C. Glycolysis
D. Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate
· How many net molecules of ATP are generated when one molecule of glucose is oxidized to lactate:
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 12
C. Glucose
A. 4 ATP
B. 12 ATP
C. 15 ATP
D. 38 ATP
· Diabetes mellitus is due to the deficiency of the action of which hormones:
A. Glucagon
B. Glucocorticoids
C. Nor-epinephrine
D. Insulin
· For glycogenesis, Glucose should be converted to
(D) Sorbitol
(D) Alanine
A. 2 ATP.
B. 12 ATP
C. 15 ATP
D. 38 ATP.
· Complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose into CO2 and H2O yields
(A) 8 ATP
(B) 15 ATP
(C) 30 ATP
(D) 36 or 38 ATP
· The transport of a pair of electrons from NADH to O2 via the electron transport chain in the mitochondria
produces
(B) 2 ATP
(C) 3 ATP
(D) 4 ATP
(A) Liver
(B) Brain
(C) Kidney
(D) Stomach
(B) Glucose
(D) Inulin
· The transport of a pair of electrons from FADH2 to O2 via the electron transport chain in the mitochondria
produces
(B) 2 ATP
(C) 3 ATP
(D) 4 ATP
a. glucose to glycogen
b. glucose to pyruvate
c. starch to glucose
d. pyruvate to glucose
· Accumulation of which of the following substances is the cause of stiff and sore muscles after vigorous
exercise?
a. lactate
b. pyruvate
c. acetyl CoA
d. glycerate
a) Gluconeogenesis
b) Glycogenesis
c) Glycogenolysis
d) glycolysis
· α-1-6 glycosidic bonds present in glycogen are hydrolyzed by:
A) α–amylase
B) β–amylase
C) Glucosidase
D) Transferase
· Complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose under anaerobic glycolysis gives:
A. 2 ATP
B. 6 ATP
C. 8 ATP
D. 30 ATP
(D) Lipogenesis
· In the human body, under aerobic conditions and anaerobic conditions, respectively, pyruvate is converted to:
A.lactate and ethanol
B.lactate and acetyl CoA
C.ethanol and lactate
D.acetyl CoA and lactate
· Which of the following hormones promotes the uptake and use of glucose by cells?
a. insulin
b. glucagon
c. epinephrine
d. thyroid hormone
d) alanine cycle
· Which mammalian cell does not have aerobic pathway of glucose catabolism?
· How many ATP molecules are produced on complete oxidation of acetyl CoA in the citric acid cycle?
(a) Six
a. Cytosol
b. Mitochondria
c. Nucleus
d. Lysosome
a. Muscle
b. RBC
c. Heart
a. Hepatocyte
b. Osteocyte
c. Neuron
d. Erythrocyte
a. Glucose
b. Galactose
c. Mannose
d. Xylose
e. a and b
a. Liver
b. Muscle
c. Kidneys
d. Testes
a. Kidney
b. Muscle
c. Heart
d. Fat
· Which of the following carbohydrates would be most abundant in the diet of strict vegetarians?
a. Amylose
b. Lactose
c. Cellulose
d. Maltose
e. Glycogen
a. Cytosol
b. Endoplasmic reticulum
c. Golgi
d. Mitochondria
e. Nucleus
· A 25-year-old man visits his GP complaining of abdominal cramps and diarrhea after drinking milk. What is the
most likely cause of his problem?
a. Rapoport-Luebeling cycle
b. Glucose-alanine cycle
c. Cori's cycle
a. Chloride ions
b. Bromide ions
c. Iodide ions
d. All of these
· Glycogenin is
e. Glycolysis
h. Gluconeogenesis
· Under anaerobic conditions the glycolysis one mole of glucose yields _ moles of ATP.
a. One
b. Two
c. Eight
d. Thirty
· Glucose will be converted into fatty acids if the diet has excess of
a. Carbohydrates
b. Proteins
c. Fat
d. Vitamins
a. Glycogenesis
b. Gluconeogenesis
c. Glycogenolysis
d. Photosynthesis
· Spermatozoa in seminal fluid utilises the following sugar for its metabolism
a. Glucose
b. Fructose
c. Sucrose
d. Mannose
a. Lactose
b. Sucrose
c. Cellulose
d. Maltose
a. Glucose
b. Fructose
c. Lactose
d. Sucrose
a. Mannose
b. Lactose
c. Sucrose
d. Fructose
a. Fructose
b. Mannose
c. α-D glucose
d. β-D glucose
b. Sucrose
c. Fructose
d. Maltose
a. Liver
b. Brain
c. Kidney
d. Stomach
a. Milk sugar
b. Honey
c. Cane sugar
d. Chitin
· In aerobic conditions, one (1) glucose molecule produces through the TCA cycle:
A) 2 NADH
B) 4 NADH
C) 6 NADH
D) 8 NADH
A) Citrate
B) ADP
C) ATP
D) NAD
A) 2 ATP
B) 4 ATP
C) 6 ATP
D) 8 ATP
D) Cytoplasm
a. Maltose
b. isomaltose
c. dextrins
a. Fructose
b. Mannose
c. Galactose
d. None of these
a. α-glucose
b. β-glucose
c. Both of (a) and (b)
A) 1 ATP
B) 2 ATP
C) 3 ATP
D) 4 ATP
A) Hexokinase
D) Phosphofructokinase
8- The transport of two electrons of NADH from the cytosol into the mitochondria through the
glycerophosphate shuttle results in the synthesis of:
A) 2 ATP
B) 3 ATP
C) 4 ATP
D) 6 ATP
a. Formic acid
b. Pyruvate
c. Lactate
d. Ethanol
a) gluconeogenesis
b) glycogenesis
c) glycogenolysis
d) glycolysis
Pyruvate to ethanol.
a) Cori cycle
b) an anaerobic process
c) pentose phosphate pathway