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Home / Basics of Lighting / 3 Basic Types of Lighting
June 2018
One room can serve multiple purposes. It can be a place where you can relax, work on the
computer, do arts and crafts, cook, share a meal with friends, and much more… This is why
lighting features need to correspond to the setting or application of the room.
“The best advice I can offer is the following: no matter what you do, or what you hope to
accomplish, always install three types of lighting in a room,” says Patricia Rizzo, of the Lighting
Research Center . People often expect a single source of light to meet all their needs. Yet, each
of the three types of lighting has a particular function to fulfill specific needs, which are:
Ambient lighting
Task lighting
Accent lighting
Ambient Indoor Lighting
General or ambient lighting is intended to light up a room in its entirety. It provides a uniform
level of illumination throughout the space independently of other lighting sources.
Moreover, its purpose is to ensure safe and easy traffic, as well as to create an overview of the
room. The ambient light ‘bounces’ off the walls to illuminate as much space as possible.
Chandelier
Ceiling mounted fixture
Wall-mounted fixture
Traditional recessed fixtures and / or LED downlights
Track light
Floor lamp
Table lamp
To learn more about outdoor lighting, read our article Economical, Efficient, and Safe Outdoor
Lighting
Types of fixtures that provide ambient outdoor lighting:
Spotlight
Hanging fixture
Garage and canopy lighting
Post lantern
Wall lighting
Recessed fixture used in overhanging structures
Task Lighting
Task lighting illuminates the tasks a person carries out in a given space such as reading, cooking,
computer work. A brighter light is required in a smaller focal point of the room for these sorts of
tasks.
For a more pleasant illumination, it is often best to avoid harsh lights or lighting that casts
troublesome shadows. It is also practical to install a single switch for focal lighting, independent
from the room’s overall lighting switch.
Accent Lighting
Accent lighting is used mainly to focus on a specific point of interest or to achieve a desired
effect. This type of lighting gives the impression of a larger room. It is more frequently used to
highlight an architectural feature, a plant (in outdoor layout), a sculpture, or a collection of
objects.
As a general rule, effective accent lighting requires the installation of three times more light on
the focal point than ambient lighting generally provides.
Track light
Slim line bar and undercabinet
Tape and extrusion
Directional recessed fixture or downlight
Wall-mounted fixtures
In short…
We often start designing our lighting plan with ambient lighting and then go on to identifying the
areas where there will be a need for accent lighting. When selecting the different types of
lighting you will use in your situation, it is generally better to go from generic to specific.
However, when multiple specific tasks are performed in a room (a jewelry store, for example) or
when there are several points to highlight (such as a museum or an art gallery), it is best to start a
lighting plan with accent lighting. Therefore, it is essential to know the purpose of a room before
starting the development! For more information on lighting requirements, see article 7 Spatial
Categories and Their Lighting Requirements.
If you need help designing your lighting plan (commercial or industrial), call our project
department. Our experts will provide free energy audits, fixtures, and a solution with various
types of lighting to improve it.
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