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Question - A: Parameters Smoker Non-Smoker Total Men Women Total

1. The document contains statistical analysis of smoking habits and lung capacity data. It calculates probabilities, means, variances, and confidence intervals. It tests whether gender and smoking status are independent variables. 2. Lung capacity is found to vary between male and female smokers, and between smokers and non-smokers. The percentage of underage smokers is also calculated. 3. Goodness of fit tests show that lung capacity and height data can be modeled by normal distributions based on the calculated means, variances, chi-square, and KS statistics. Sample sizes needed for confidence intervals of certain proportions are also determined.

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46 views7 pages

Question - A: Parameters Smoker Non-Smoker Total Men Women Total

1. The document contains statistical analysis of smoking habits and lung capacity data. It calculates probabilities, means, variances, and confidence intervals. It tests whether gender and smoking status are independent variables. 2. Lung capacity is found to vary between male and female smokers, and between smokers and non-smokers. The percentage of underage smokers is also calculated. 3. Goodness of fit tests show that lung capacity and height data can be modeled by normal distributions based on the calculated means, variances, chi-square, and KS statistics. Sample sizes needed for confidence intervals of certain proportions are also determined.

Uploaded by

arpit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Question – A

1.

(i)

Parameters Smoker Non-Smoker Total


Men 33 334 367
Women 44 314 358
Total 77 648 725

(ii) Probability of females is A. Probability of people who smoke is B.

P(A/B) = P(A∩B)/P(B) = 44/77 = 4/7 .

(iii)

P(Men)=367/725

P(Smokers)=77/725

P(Men ∩ Smokers) = 33/725

P(Men) * P(Smokers) ≠ P(Men ∩ Smokers) . The given events (smoking habit and gender) are
not independent events.

2.

From the table, 20% of male smokers = 33*20% ~ 7 and 15% of female smokers = 44*15% ~ 7.
Total is 14.

From the data given, 10 male smokers were born through caesarean and 11 female smokers
were bron through caesarean. Hence more than 20% of male smokers and more than 15% of
female smokers were born through caesarean, the given percentages are false.

3.
4.

6.

Variation of LungCap of Male Smokers = 2.9421

Variation of LungCap of Female Smokers = 3.5025

Variation of LungCap of Male Smokers ≠ Variation of LungCap of Female Smokers


7.

Average LungCap of Smokers = 8.645

Average LungCap of Non-Smokers = 7.7701

Average LungCap of Smokers ≠ Average LungCap of Non-Smokers.

8.

9.

Number of people below 16 years = 548.

Number of people below 16 years and smokers = 42.

Answer = 42/548 = 7.66%

10.

Number of people above 17 years = 80.

Number of people above 17 and smokers = 15.

Answer = 15/80 = 18.75%


13.

a)

H0: LungCap data follows Normal Distribution.

H1: LungCap data does not follow Normal Distribution.

α – Level = 5%.

After the goodness of fit test, following data has been arrived.

Parameter Value
Mean 7.847931
Variance 7.098131
Standard Deviation 2.664232
Chi-Square statistic 9395.876
Degrees of Freedom 25
5% Chi-Square Critical Value 14.6114
KS – Statistic 0.020462
5% KS Critical Value 0.050509

Since 14.6114 > 5%, we cannot reject null at 5% significance level. Hence LungCap data will
follow ~ N(7.8479,2.6642)

b)

H0: LungCap data follows Normal Distribution.

H1: LungCap data does not follow Normal Distribution.

α – Level = 5%.
After the goodness of fit test, following data has been arrived.

Parameter Value
Mean 64.73559
Variance 52.31133
Standard Deviation 7.232657
Chi-Square statistic 5325.61
Degrees of Freedom 15
5% Chi-Square Critical Value 7.2609
KS Statistic 0.027233
5% - KS Critical Value 0.050509

Since 7.2609 > 5%, we cannot reject null at 5% significance level. Hence Height data will follow
~ N(64.73559,7.2326) .

Question – B
1.

Parameter Average Variance


Price 17542.04 97710315
Mileage 19831.93 67179657

The average price of the cars in the market is around 17542 with average mileage of 19831.93.
The huge variance implies that there are lots of cars that have their price and mileage that are
very far from the mean price and mileage respectively.

3.

Number of Chevrolet Cars (N) = 320.


Sample Mean = 16427.5993

Sample Variance = 47629867 => Sample Standard Deviation (S) = 6901.439

Since we have only Sample Standard Deviation, the distribution we need to take is t-
distribution.

(1-α)%=90% => α=10% => α/2 = 5%.

tα/2,n-1 = t0.05,319 = 1.967428

Confidence interval required = (Sample Mean – t0.05,319*S/√ N , Sample Mean + t0.05,319*S/√ N )

 Confidence Interval = (15668.5693,17186.6293)

4.

Sample Size = 150

Sample Variance = 16708238

P(a < σ 2 < b) = 90% => P(1/b < 1/σ 2 < 1/a) = 90%

P((N-1)S2/b < (N-1)S2/σ 2 < (N-1)S2/a) = 90%

(N-1)S2/σ 2 will follow χ 2N−1 distribution, N = 150.

P((N-1)S2/b < χ 2149 < (N-1)S2/a) = 90%

Using excel we find that

P( χ 2149 < 121.787) = 0.05 => (N-1)S2/b = 121.787 => b = 20441651.92

P( χ 2149 < 178.4854) = 0.95 => (N-1)S2/a = 178.4854 => a = 13948073.41

Confidence interval = (a,b) = (13948073.41,20441651.92)

Question – C

1. Given confidence interval ( Ý −1/2, Ý +1/2) = 0.954.

This means Zα/2σ /√ N = ½.

We know σ =3.16 as it is given σ 2=10.


(1-α)% = 95.4% => α=4.6% => α/2 = 2.3%.

 Z0.023 = 1.99
 Zα/2σ /√ N = ½
 1.99*3.16/√ N = 0.5
 N = 158.17 ~ 158.

2. Given confidence interval ( Ź−1 , Ź +1) = 0.90

This means Zα/2σ /√ N = 1.

We know σ =3 as it is given σ 2=9.

(1-α)% = 90% => α=10% => α/2 = 5%.

 Z0.05 = 1.65
 Zα/2σ /√ N = 1
 1.65*3/√ N = 1
 N = 24.50 ~ 25.

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