Bikash Chhetri
Drawing is one of the major forms of expression within the visual arts which
generally concerned with the making of lines and areas onto paper/other
materials.
Engineering Drawing is the language of engineers which is use for communicating
his/her ideas thoughts and designs to other.
A drawing drawn by an engineer, having engineering knowledge, for the
engineering purposes is an engineering drawing.
Drawing Engineering Drawing
1. It can be drawn by normal people. 1. It is the language of engineer.
2. Only use for expressing their 2. It is use for analyzing purpose like
feeling into the pieces of paper. Building, Bridge project, road etc.
Example:- Making Drawing of Natural
things like flower,house,animal etc.
Projecting imagination to a piece of paper.
Gives a better idea where to start and where to finish.
Says each and every process required to manufacture.
Creating bill of materials.
It determine whether the product will be accepted or not.
Engineering drawing is a starting point of all engineering branches such as
Mechanical production, Civil, Electrical, Electronic, Computer science, chemical
etc.
It is spoken, read and written in its own way.
Engineering drawing has its own grammar in the theory of projection, its
abbreviations, symbols and its description in the construction.
Because it can help to communicate within engineering technical person, it doesn't
matter from where they are. Engineering drawing has its own symbol,
abbreviations and its description in the construction so it makes easier to work for
technical person wherever they go.
Drawing
Geometric Emotive Drawing Analytic Drawing Perspective
Drawing
Diagrammatic
Drawing
Illustration Drawing Life Drawing Drawing
1.Illustration Drawing
It include basic details of the project concerned clearly stating its purpose, style, size, color, character, and effect.
2. Life Drawing
Drawings that result from direct or real observations are life drawings.
eg:- Cartooning and comic book etc.
3. Emotive Drawing
Emotive Drawing emphasizes the exploration and expression of different emotions, feeling and moods.
4. Analytic Drawing
Sketches that are created for clear understanding and representation of observation made by an artist are called analytic
drawing.
5.Perspective Drawing
Perspective Drawing is used by artists to creating 3D images on a 2D picture plane.
6. Diagrammatic Drawing
When concepts and ideas are explored and investigated, these are documented on paper through diagrammatic drawing.
7. Geometric Drawing
Geometric Drawing is used particularly in construction fields that demand specific dimension.
Drawing materials/Instrument is defined as a tool with which makes a lot easier to
draw different kind of drawing such as building, bridge, road, car etc.
For example:- Drawing materials are:-
1. Pencil
2. Drawing sheet
3. Board
4. Eraser etc.
Drawing board
Set square
T-scale
Scales
Pencil
Sand paper block
Drawing pins/cello-tape
Duster or handkerchief
Eraser etc.
Drawing sheet
Drawing sheet is hard and long white paper which is specially prepared for use
in drafting purpose.
Drawing sheet available in different size such as A3,A4 etc.
it should be white in color with uniform thickness with must resist the easy torn of
paper.
The surface of sheet must be smooth.
Various sizes of drawing sheets standards are listed below.
Dimensions (Length X Width)
Drawing Sheet Type
(mm)
A0 841 X 1189
A1 594 X 841
A2 420 X 594
A3 297 X 420
A4 210 X 297
A5 148 X 210
Base paper is kind of paper which is put under the drawing sheet, provide support
for sheet and makes easier to draw.
It makes drawing more clear and sharp.
Masking tape, also known as painter's tape which is made of a thin and easy-to-tear paper
It is available in a variety of widths.
It is used mainly in painting, to mask off areas that should not be painted.
T-Square
Set Square
Pencil
Compass
Scale
T square is used to draw horizontal and vertical lines on drawing sheet.
It made of wood or plastic and in T shape.
The vertical part of T is called as blade and horizontal part of T is called as head.
The edge of head is uniform level and attached to the edge of the board.
The working edge is used to draw lines anywhere on the sheet by moving the
instrument top to bottom.
Set squares are used to draw lines with an angle between them.
In most of the structures, 30, 45, 60 and 90-degree lines are most common. So, set
squares make the work easier for this type of drawings.
Generally, set squares are of two types.
One is 45 degree set square and another one is called as 30 – 60 degree set square.
Both are required in the drawing. 45 set square has a side of 25 cm while 30-60 set
square has 25 cm length on one side.
Pencil is used to draw on the paper.
Any type of pencil is not suitable for drawing.
There are some limitations, the drawing appearance should be very neat and
understandable.
Every line of the drawing should indicate its importance.
It depends upon the hardness of pencil.
Grade of Pencil Hardness of Pencil
9H Hardest
6H, 5H, 4H Extremely Hard
3H Very hard
2H Hard
H Moderately hard
F Firm
HB Medium hard
B Moderately soft and black
2B Soft and black
3B Very soft and black
4B, 5B, 6B Very soft and very black
7B Softest
Grade of Pencil Used to Draw
3H Construction lines
Dimension lines, center
2H lines, sectional lines,
hidden lines
H Object lines, lettering
Dimensioning, boundary
HB
lines
Compass is used to draw an arc or circle with known dimensions on engineering
drawing.
It is generally made of steel and consists two legs.
One leg contains needle at the bottom and other leg contains a ring in which a
pencil is placed.
The needle tip is placed at the respected point and pencil tip is adjusted to the
height at least 1mm just above the tip of the needle.
A scale ruler is a tool for measuring lengths and transferring measurements at a
fixed ratio of length
1. Define drawing and engineering drawing.
2. How many types of Drawing? Name them.
3. Explain all types of Drawing.
4. Why engineering drawing is called universal languages for technical person?
5. Name any four Different types of drawing instrument.
6. Explain drawing sheet with diagram.
7. Describe short about following point:-
T-square
Set-square
Pencil
compass
Scale
