Lecture 1 - Scholarliness in Nursing
Lecture 1 - Scholarliness in Nursing
Lecture 1 - Scholarliness in Nursing
LECTURE_4
3. Health
Jacqueline M Fawcett, PhD, FAAN, RN - the condition of being sound in body, mind, or spirit; especially: freedom from
Professor Emerita of Nursing physical disease or pain (Merriam Webster)
- Dr. Fawcett received her BS from Boston University, and her MSN and PhD *Interaction and interconnectedness of body mind and spirit; Encompasses whole
degrees from New York University. aspect of individual
*Persona the reason to be behind nursing metaparadigm, she persisted,
explained and was firm that there is a unified nursing discipline in terms of - Health is the absence of any disease or impairment. (Sartorius N., 2006)
knowledge development
- Health is a state that allows the individual to adequately cope with all demands of
Nursing Environment daily life (implying also the absence of disease and impairment). (Sartorius N.)
- The third definition states that health is a state of balance, an equilibrium that an - Purposes of Concept analysis in Nursing.
individual has established within himself and between himself and his social and - Purposes and usefulness of theories in Nursing Research and Practice
physical environment. (Sartorius N.) - Theoretical and knowledge development in Nursing, theory-based nursing practice,
evidence-based practice research.
-Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well- being and not merely
the absence of disease or infirmity. (world health organization) CONCEPT ANALYSIS IN NURSING
*All aspects in good condition - Definition: Concept analysis is a formal linguistic exercise to determine
certain defining attributes. (Chon SJ. Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 1989;19(1):92-98.
4. Environment doi:10.4040/jnas.1989.19.1.92)
*Formal linguistics-linguistics that favors the use of precise definitions for
-Environment is the circumstances, objects, or conditions by which one is surrounded. grammar, semantic and in other concepts. Treats language as if it were
(Merriam Webster) composed of well-defined patterns of symbols.
-the setting or conditions in which a particular activity is carried on (Oxford
Dictionary) - According to Walker (1983) as cited by Chon (1989), the basic purpose of
*Setting: Community, clinical, intoxicated, rural area or in the city work activities concept analysis is to clarify ambiguous concepts in a theory, and to propose a
take place precise operational definition which reflects its theoretical base.
*Eg. One concept is unclear or vaguely explained, it has to be understood to
-Technical Definition: the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or the conduct of CA. Concept analysis attempts to provide a simpler and more
plant lives or operates. (Oxford Dictionary) comprehensive definition based on the theory that is being reviewed
- Environment/situation includes all possible condition affecting patients and the - a concept analysis can provide guidance when a concept of interest does not
settings where they go for their health care. (Fundamentals of Nursing Practice) have sufficient literature, is vaguely defined, or is not understood clearly or
when literature and research do not match
*When the situation/circumstance that a literature and research do not match it
has to be reviewed and analyzed, and concept analysis can be defined as a
Summary -Jacqueline Fawcett has named PERSON, HEALTH, NURSING, and dissection of a concept into a simpler element, meaning it has to be presented
ENVIRONMENT as the nursing metaparadigm. (Fundamentals of Nursing Practice) in a simpler manner, in smaller particles promotion of clarity, providing
*Person is the recipient or receiver of care. Health the complete physical and mental mutual understanding in nursing so that everybody involved in the nursing
wellbeing not only the absence of disease. Nursing is the practice of caring. practice/profession have a clearer view/understanding of what the concept
Environment is a situation or the setting that may influence the being of an individual. means
4 major concepts of metaparadigm by Jacqueline Fawcett
- Stages by Aarabi, Akram & Rafii, Forough & Cheraghi, Mohammad &
Ghyasvandian, Shahrzad. (2014). Nurses’ policy influence: A concept
LECTURE_5 analysis. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research. 19. 315-22.
*Attributes- quality or features of a certain concept
Concept analysis in Nursing *Antecedent- case or events that have existed before or that has been logically
- Definition precedes another, so it is existing already.
- Relevance of Concept analysis in Education, Research, and Clinical Practice. *Referents- thing, word or phrase that describes, denotes or stands for.
*Last stage- there is already a meaning provided. Importance of Nursing Theories
Concept analysis dissect vague concepts and theories - Nursing theory aims to describe, predict and explain the phenomenon of
nursing
- It should provide the foundations of nursing practice, help to generate further
knowledge and indicate in which direction nursing should develop in the
future. Theory is important because it helps us to decide what we know and
what we need to know
- It helps to distinguish what should form the basis of practice by explicitly
describing nursing. The benefits of having a defined body of theory in nursing
Nursing Theories are developed to improve the quality of life of care rendered include better patient care, enhanced professional status for nurses, improved
by nurses to their clients/patients communication between nurses, and guidance for research and education
*Since concept analysis would try to dissect big concepts in theories, let us talk about - The main exponent of nursing – caring – cannot be measured, it is vital to
the nursing theories which are primarily the concerned theory in our profession. NT have the theory to analyze and explain what nurses do
tries or engages in activities and knowledge development so the quality of life and - As medicine tries to make a move towards adopting a more multidisciplinary
provision of care be improved and enhanced approach to health care, nursing continues to strive to establish a unique body
of knowledge
Theory-Based Nursing Practice - This can be seen as an attempt by the nursing profession to maintain its
- Theory provides nurses with a perspective with which to view client situations, a professional boundaries
way to organize the hundreds of data bits encountered in the day-to- day care of *Purpose of theory in practice, General purposes.
clients, and a way to analyze and interpret the information. To understand what is caring it must be embedded in a theory
*Theoretical perspective allows a nurse to plan and implement care purposefully and Knowing the history of nursing we were under the umbrella of the medical field
reactively for the benefit of the patients taken care of. Able to establish own profession
Identified as a profession must be sustained, improved, maintain the standards that we
Characteristics of a Useful Theory [Robert T. Croyle (2005) have been practicing, enhance areas where we would see ourselves to be weak,
- A useful theory makes assumptions about a behavior, health problem, target practice our profession without going beyond the scope
population, or environment that are:
- Logical Purpose of Nursing Theories in Practice, Education and Research
- Consistent with everyday observations PRACTICE
- Similar to those used in previous successful programs and - Assist nurses to describe, explain, and predict everyday experiences.
- Supported by past research in the same area or related ideas. - Serve to guide assessment, interventions, and evaluation of nursing care.
*You can’t come about a new information unless you are given an idea from a - Provide a rationale for collecting reliable and valid data about the health status
previous information based from previous researches or related ideas of clients, which are essential for effective decision making and
implementation.
- Help to describe criteria to measure the quality of nursing care. - Offer a systematic approach to identify questions for study; select variables,
- Help build a common nursing terminology to use in communicating with other interpret findings, and validate nursing interventions.
health professionals. - Approaches to developing nursing theory
- Ideas are developed and words are defined. - Borrowing conceptual frameworks from other disciplines.
- Enhance autonomy (independence and self-governance) of nursing through - Inductively looking at nursing practice to discover theories/concepts to explain
defining its own independent functions. phenomena.
*One way to give meaning to a phenomena, give idea; Nursing process, guides ang - Deductively looking for the compatibility of a general nursing theory with nursing
give us idea to take care of patients; How to measure quality-based by the practice.
effectiveness of the intervention that was promoted/provided to the patient and the - Questions from practicing Nurse about using Nursing theory
like; Since we are part of the health care team it there should be an established good * Generate knowledge by basing it from a previous idea
communication/relationship, that’s why there are terminologies by which the health Research look for answers, we can identify lapses
care profession are comprehensive or can understand what terms mean-good Generate knowledge through research, possible formulate and develop new nursing
communication; Concept analysis-define vaguely expressed or explained, ability to theory from results
define words, ideas are being developed; Autonomy-ability of the group to decide for Some conceptual frameworks are non nursing, applicable in profession conceptual
itself, independence, self governance, in control/ manage of our own profession. model by Abraham Maslow Hierarchy of needs
Without order by others. Can perform nursing profession by ourselves Inductively- specific to general knowledge
Deductively- general to specific
Allows us to examine ourselves
EDUCATION
- Provide a general focus for curriculum design NOTE: 3 fields are interdependent, mutually reliant on each other. Relationship in
- Guide curricular decision making. between Helps in building nursing knowledge
*Different models were able to come up with unique terms; Primarily Prepare student
for practice as members of the professional community; Before proceeding to clinical
practice, preparation is needed (exposed to community and clinical area, and in
different setting where we would be delivering, providing and practicing our
profession
RESEARCH