INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN: 2455-0620 Volume - 5, Issue - 1, Jan – 2019

Monthly, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Indexed Journal with IC Value: 86.87 Impact Factor: 6.497 Publication Date: 31/01/2019

Power Factor Correction Using Shunt Capacitor Bank for 33/11/0.4 kV,
10 MVA Distribution Substation
Dr. Aung Zaw Latt
Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Technological University (Maubin), Maubin, Myanmar
Email – [email protected]

Abstract: A large number of distribution systems have run into problems such as poor voltage regulation, poor
power factor, high losses and poor efficiency, overloading and less reliability for continuity of supply. It is
necessary to improve the working of the power distribution systems to reduce the unfavourable conditions. In
addition to reducing losses and improving voltage, capacitor release capacity. Improving the power factor
increases the amount of real power load the circuit can supply. Using capacitors to supply reactive power reduces
the amount of current in the line, so a line of a given ampacity can carry more loads. The shunt capacitors provide
kVAR at leading power factor and hence the overall power factor is improved. In this paper, the appropriate rating
of shunt capacitor bank is selected to correct the power factor for 33/11/0.4 kV, 10 MVA distribution substation
(Maubin) in Myanmar and also show that the current reduction, voltage rise and loss reduction at 11 kV bus bar
by connecting 2 MVAR shunt capacitor bank.

Key Words: power factor correction, shunt capacitor bank, current reduction, voltage rise, loss reduction,

1. INTRODUCTION:
The reactive current circulating between the utility company’s generator and the consumer converts electrical
Key Words:Xyzdf
energy into heat in the power distribution system, and there is an additional load on generators, transformers, cabling
and switchgear. Energy losses and voltage drops are incurred. If there is a high proportion of reactive current, the
installed conductor cross sections cannot be fully utilized for transmitting useful power, or must be appropriately over
dimensioned. From the utility company’s standpoint, a poor power factor increases the investment and maintenance
costs for the power distribution system, and these additional costs are passed on to those responsible, i.e. those power
consumers with poor power factors.
Capacitors are static equipment without any rotating parts and require less maintenance. They are series or
shunt, installed as a single unit or as a bank, is to regulate the voltage and reactive power flows at the point where they
are installed. The shunt capacitor does it by changing the power factor of the load, whereas the series capacitor does it
by directly offsetting the inductive reactance of the circuit to which it is applied. Therefore, the series capacitors provide
for a voltage rise that increases automatically and instantaneously as the load grows and the shunt capacitors provide
power factor correction applications.
Shunt capacitors, that is, capacitors connected in parallel with lines, are used extensively in distribution systems.
Shunt capacitors supply the type of reactive power or current to counteract the out of-phase component of current
required by an inductive load by. In a sense, shunt capacitors modify the characteristic of an inductive load by drawing
a leading current that counteracts some or the entire lagging component of the inductive load current at the point of
installation. Therefore, a shunt capacitor has the same effect as an overexcited synchronous condenser, generator, or
motor. As shown in Fig. 1, by the application of shunt capacitor to a feeder, the magnitude of the source current can be
reduced, the power factor can be improved, and consequently the voltage drop between the sending end and the load is
also reduced. However, shunt capacitors do not affect current or power factor beyond their point of application. Fig.
1(a) and (c) show the single line diagram of a line and its voltage phasor diagram before the addition of the shunt
capacitor, and Fig. 1(b) and (d) show them after the addition.

V's
Z = R + j XL Z = R + j XL
Vs

I' I I' Z
Is Ic + I'XL
+ + IZ
Vs VR VR IXL Ic δ' VR
- - - δ
Xc VR θ'

I' I'R
θ Ic
IR
I I

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Fig.1 Voltage phasor diagrams for a feeder circuit of lagging power: (a) and (c) without and (b) and (d) with shunt capacitor

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN: 2455-0620 Volume - 5, Issue - 1, Jan – 2019
Monthly, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Indexed Journal with IC Value: 86.87 Impact Factor: 6.497 Publication Date: 31/01/2019

Shunt capacitor banks can be installed in a distribution system on pole-mounted racks, substation, and at high voltage or
extra-high voltage for bulkpower applications. In this substation power factor is low; therefore reactive power is delivered very
large. When large reactive power is to be delivered at medium or high voltages, then shunt capacitor banks are installed in substation
location. The open rack construction and exposed connection need significant protection in this substation. Such installations contain
capacitor banks, cutout units with fuses, circuit breakers, surge arresters, controllers, insulator units at medium or high voltages and
interconnections.
Shunt capacitor bank can be installed basically three possibilities to correct loads local or, in groups or branch.
In this substation at 11 kV bus approach, the power factor correction is applied to a group of loads at one location. A
group or capacitor bank installation is shown in Fig.2. This technique is suitable for utility or industrial customers with
distributed load. If the entire load comes on or off together, then it is reasonable to switch the capacitor bank in this
manner. If part of the load is switched on and off on a regular basis, then this type of reactive compensation is not
appropriate. It is economical to have a large capacitor bank for reactive compensation rather than several smaller banks.
Using shunt capacitors to supply the leading currents required by the load relieves the generator from supplying that
part of the inductive current. The system benefits due to the application of shunt capacitors include; (1) Reactive power
support, (2) Voltage profile improvements, (3) Line and transformer loss reductions, (4) Release of power system
capacity, (5) Savings due to increased energy loss. These benefits apply for both distribution and transmission system.

Capacitor

Loads Motor Loads

Fig. 2 Power factor correction using group or central capacitor bank technique

2. Power Factor Improvement:

A. Power Factor
The cosine of angle between voltage and current in an a.c circuit is known as power factor. In an a.c circuit, there is
generally a phase difference between voltage and current. In an inductive circuit, the current lags behind the applied voltage and the
power factor of the circuit is referred to as lagging. In a capacitive circuit the current leads the applied voltage and therefore, the
power factor of the circuit is said to be leading. Consider an inductive circuit, which draws a current I from the supply mains lagging
behind the supply voltage V by an angle Φ, known as phase angle, the phasor diagram is shown in Fig. 3.

I cos ø A
O V
ø

I sin ø
I

Fig. 3 Phasor diagram of the circuit

The current I can be resolved into two components, one along the voltage phasor and the other perpendicular to it. The
component along the voltage phasor, I cos Φ is called the in phase or active component of current, and the on perpendicular to the
voltage phasor, I sin Φ is called the out of phase or wattles or reactive component of current. If all these components are multiplied
by voltage V, the product of voltage V and in phase component of current I cos Φ, i.e VI cos Φ will represent the true power of the
circuit in watts or kW, whereas the product of voltage V and the quadrature component of current I sin Φ i.e. V I sin Φ will represent
the reative power in VAR or kVAR and the product of voltage V and current I i.e. VI will represent the apparent power in volt -
amperes or kVA .Thus we get a power triangle, as shown in Fig. 4 . The smaller the reactive component of power, the smaller is the
phase angle and the higher is the power factor. For leading currents the triangle becomes reversed. This fact provides a key to the
power factor improvement. If a device drawing leading reactive power is connected in parallel with the inductive load, then the
lagging reactive power of the load will be partly neutralized, resulting in improvement of the power factor of the system.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN: 2455-0620 Volume - 5, Issue - 1, Jan – 2019
Monthly, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Indexed Journal with IC Value: 86.87 Impact Factor: 6.497 Publication Date: 31/01/2019

True Power (kW) A

O
ø
Reactive
Power
Apparent Power (kVA) (kVAR)

Fig. 4 Power triangle of the circuit

From power triangle OAB shown in Fig. 4,
OA = kW component of power
AB = kVAR component of power
𝑂𝐴 𝑘𝑊
Cos Φ = = (the ratio of true power and apparent power ) (1)
𝑂𝐵 𝑘𝑉𝐴
Reactive power in kVAR = Apparent power x sin Φ
= kVA sin Φ (2)
sin Φ
= (kVA cos Φ) x
cos Φ
= kW tan Φ (3)
(kVA)2 = (kW)2 + (kVAR)2 (4)

B. Power Factor Correction

Fig. 4 shows the triangular relationship that exists between kilowatts, kilovolt amperes, and kilovars. By adding
the capacitor, the reactive power component Q of the apparent power S of the load can be reduced or totally suppressed.
Fig. 5 illustrates the power factor correction for a given system. As illustrated in the figure, capacitor draws leading
reactive power from the source; that is, they supply lagging reactive power to the load. Assume that a load is supplied
with a real power P, lagging reactive power Q1, and apparent power S1 at a lagging power factor of,

P
P.f 1 = cos Φ1 = (5)
S1
P
= (6)
√P2 +Q12
When a shunt capacitor of Qc kVA is installed at the load, the power factor can be improved from cos Φ1 to Φ2, where

P
P.f 2 = cos Φ2 = (7)
S2
P
= (8)
√P2 +Q22
P
= (9)
√P2 +(Q1−Qc)2

P
Φ2
Φ1
P P
Q2
S2 Q1
Q2= Q1-Qc Q1 Load
Qc
Qc S1

(a) (b)

Fig. 5 Illustration of power factor correction using shunt capacitor

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN: 2455-0620 Volume - 5, Issue - 1, Jan – 2019
Monthly, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Indexed Journal with IC Value: 86.87 Impact Factor: 6.497 Publication Date: 31/01/2019

3. Case study of power factor correction using 2 MVAR shunt capacitor bank:
A. Analysis of Load Data at 11 kV Bus Bar
In Maubin substation, the rating of 10 MVA main transformer is applied to connect 33 kV and then step down
to 11 kV distribution network. This line is radial line system as shown in Fig. 6. By adding the rating of shunt capacitor
at 11 kV bus, the power factor improvement can be determined. Capacitor rating is the difference between MVAR
ratings of original power factor and desired power factor. Table I shows the log sheet data of 11 kV bus, 10 MVA main
transformer in Maubin substation.
Table I
11 kV main 10 MVA log sheet data
11 kV Main 10 MVA Log Sheet 11 kV Main 10 MVA Log Sheet
Time kV A MVA MW p.f Time kV A MVA MW p.f
1:00 10.7 180 3.3359 2.93 0.8783 13:00 10.2 249 4.3989 3.93 0.8934
2:00 10.1 180 3.1488 2.89 0.9178 14:00 10.2 267 4.7171 4.16 0.8819
3:00 10.7 177 3.2803 2.97 0.9054 15:00 10.3 276 4.9236 4.35 0.8835
4:00 10.6 180 3.3048 3.01 0.9108 16:00 10 303 5.2482 4.61 0.8784
5:00 10.5 228 4.1466 3.7 0.8923 17:00 10.2 348 6.1478 5.45 0.8865
6:00 10.4 273 4.9177 4.36 0.8866 18:00 10.2 378 6.6788 5.85 0.8759
7:00 10.4 294 5.2958 4.61 0.8705 19:00 10 351 6.0798 5.38 0.8849
8:00 10.2 309 5.4588 4.86 0.8903 20:00 10.2 315 5.5649 4.98 0.8949
9:00 10 348 6.0273 5.26 0.8727 21:00 10.2 294 5.1939 4.58 0.8818
10:00 10.5 279 5.0742 4.58 0.9026 22:00 10.4 255 4.5936 4.08 0.8882
11:00 10.4 273 4.9179 4.43 0.9008 23:00 10.5 204 3.7099 3.29 0.8868
12:00 10.2 249 4.3989 4.01 0.9116 24:00 10.5 186 3.3827 2.99 0.8839

B. Design Calculation of Capacitor Bank Size

The following data are obtained from Maubin substation to make design calculation of appropriate capacitor
bank for power factor correction.

Transformer rating = 10 MVA

Transformer reactance =8%
Voltage = 11 kV
Present maximum load = 5.85 MW
Present maximum MVA = 6.6788 MVA
Power factor (maximum load) = 87.59 %
Desired power factor = 95
If the power factor is raised to 95 %
Present Load
Desired MVA Demand = Desired Power Factor (10)

5.85
= = 6.158 MVA
0.95

The size of the capacitor required to accomplish this isdetermined from the MVAR at the two values of power
factor as follows:
MVAR = √MVA2 − MW 2 (11)
MVAR1 at 0.8759 p.f = √(6.6788)2 − (5.85)2 = 3.222 MVAR
MVAR2 at 0.95 p.f = √(6.158)2 − (5.85)2 = 1.923 MVAR
Capacitor rating = MVAR1(uncorrected) - MVAR2(corrected) (12)
= 3.222 – 1.923 = 1.299 MVAR

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN: 2455-0620 Volume - 5, Issue - 1, Jan – 2019
Monthly, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Indexed Journal with IC Value: 86.87 Impact Factor: 6.497 Publication Date: 31/01/2019

5.85 MW
Φ2
Φ1 1.923
6.15 MVAR
8 MV
A (A After
fter) 3.222
6.6 MVAR
788
MV Before
A(
Be 1.299
for
e) MVAR
Cos Φ1= 0.8759 Capacitor
Added
Cos Φ2= 0.95

Fig. 6 The apparent power demand before and after adding capacitor
The apparent power demand before and after adding capacitor on this substation is shown in Fig.6. This figure
also shows that the apparent power is reduced from 6.6788 MVA to 6.158MVA (reduction of 7.79 %) when shunt
capacitor is installed to improve power factor of 95%. Theoretically, capacitors could provide 100 % of needed reactive
power. In practical usage, however, power factor correction to approximately 95 % provides maximum benefit.
Multiplying factor = 0.238
Capacitor Rating = Multiplying Factor × MW Demand (13)
= 0.238 × 5.85
= 1.3923 ≈ 2 MVAR
In this substation, the power factor is corrected from 87.59 %. According to the above calculated results, to
achieve desired power factor of 95% while providing the same productive power of 5.85 MW, the rating of 2 MVAR
shunt capacitor bank is appropriated to install at 11 kV bus in this substation.
C. Check for power factor improvement after installation of capacitor bank
For maximum load condition,
MVAR2(corrected) = MVAR1(uncorrected) - Capacitor rating
= 3.222 – 2
= 1.222 MVAR
MVA2 = √(MW)2 + (MVAR)2 (14)

= √(5.85)2 + (1.222)2
= 5.9763 MVA
Present Load
Power Factor =
MVA Demand
5.85
= 5.9763
= 0.9789

D. Check for voltage rise after installation of capacitor bank

The percent of voltage rise and improved voltage after installation of capacitor bank at a transformer secondary
bus 11 kV are calculated by using the following equations:
Capacitor MVAR x Transformer reactance %
% Voltage rise = (15)
Transformer MVA
original kV x volt rise %
Improved voltage = original kV + (16)
100
2𝑥8
% Voltage rise = 10
= 1.6 %
The voltage regulation of a system from no-load to fullload is practically unaffected by the amount of capacitors,
unless the capacitors are switch. However, the addition of capacitors can raise the voltage level. The voltage rise due to

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN: 2455-0620 Volume - 5, Issue - 1, Jan – 2019
Monthly, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Indexed Journal with IC Value: 86.87 Impact Factor: 6.497 Publication Date: 31/01/2019

capacitors in most industrial plants with modern power distribution system and a single transformation is rarely more
than a few percent.

For maximum load condition,

10.2 𝑥 1.6
Improved voltage = 10.2 + 100
= 10.363 kV

E. Check for line current reduction after installation of capacitor bank

The percent line current reduction and reduced current after installation of capacitor bank are calculated by
using the following equations:
Present Power Factor
% current reduction = 100x[1 − Improved Power Factor] (17)

original (I)x current reduction %

Reduced current = original(I)- 100
(18)

For maximum load condition,

0.8759
% current reduction = 100 x [1- 0.9789
] = 10.522 %

378 x 10.522
Reduced current = 378 – 100
= 338.226 A

F. Check for lower losses after installation of capacitor bank

The percent power loss and loss reduction are calculated by using the following equations;

Present Power Factor

% Power Loss = 100 x [Improved Power Factor]2 (19)

Present Power Factor

% Loss reduction = 100 x [1-[Improved Power Factor]2 ] (20)

0.8759
% Loss reduction = 100 x [ 1- [ 0.95 ]2] = 14.99 %
There is 14.99 % reduction in power losses for 33/11/0.4 kV, 10 MVA substation.
G. Result Data after installation of capacitor bank
Table II shows the result data; these are calculated results after installing 2 MVAR shunt capacitor banks at 11
kV bus, the secondary side of 10 MVA transformer to achieve the desired power factor (0.95) while providing the same
productive power of 5.85 MW. Table III shows the proposed 2 MVAR shunt capacitor bank data for this substation.
Single Line Diagram of 33/11/0.4 kV Maubin distribution substation is shown in Fig. 7.
TABLE II
Result data after adding 2 MVAR shunt capacitor bank at 11 kV main 10 MVA transformer
Time kV A MVA MW p.f Time kV A MVA MW p.f
1:00 10.9 159 2.9579 2.93 0.9906 13:00 10.4 222 3.9301 3.93 0.9999
2:00 10.3 170 2.9857 2.89 0.9679 14:00 10.4 235 4.1660 4.16 0.9986
3:00 10.9 163 3.0314 2.97 0.9797 15:00 10.5 244 4.3608 4.35 0.9975
4:00 10.8 167 3.0764 3.01 0.9784 16:00 10.2 267 4.6379 4.61 0.9939
5:00 10.7 203 3.7022 3.7 0.9994 17:00 10.4 312 5.5151 5.45 0.9882
6:00 10.6 242 4.3686 4.36 0.9980 18:00 10.4 338 5.9764 5.85 0.9789
7:00 10.6 258 4.6497 4.61 0.9914 19:00 10.2 311 5.4439 5.38 0.9883
8:00 10.4 280 4.9469 4.86 0.9824 20:00 10.4 283 5.0034 4.98 0.9953
9:00 10.2 308 5.3438 5.26 0.9843 21:00 10.4 260 4.6020 4.58 0.9952
10:00 10.7 252 4.5837 4.58 0.9992 22:00 10.6 226 4.0815 4.08 0.9996
11:00 10.6 246 4.4321 4.43 0.9995 23:00 10.7 181 3.3024 3.29 0.9963
12:00 10.4 227 4.0146 4.01 0.9989 24:00 10.7 165 3.0190 2.99 0.9904

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN: 2455-0620 Volume - 5, Issue - 1, Jan – 2019
Monthly, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Indexed Journal with IC Value: 86.87 Impact Factor: 6.497 Publication Date: 31/01/2019

Kyaiklat Substation

DS

VCB

CT
LA

Y
33/11 kV, 10 MVA
Y Maubin Distribution Substation
Road-5, 300kVA University 500kVA
CT
KBZ bank 100kVA University main 500kVA
Proposed Capacitor Bank
Road-5, 25kVA VCB 2 MVAR
DS VCB CT Tiger II 100kVA

Aye chan thar 100kVA Amae eain 160kVA

11 kV Bus
Riverside road 315kVA Boebwar Yeiktar 100kVA
Win Theingi 315kVA VCB

AYA bank 100kVA VCB U Myit Oo 200kVA

VCB Tin Min Aung 200kVA
CT
Hospital-old 500kVA
CT Sein Thiha 200kVA
CT
Aung Nandaw 315kVA Mya nandar 200kVA
Aung Yadanar 100kVA
Nandaw 315kVA Ooredoo 50kVA
Outer road 100kVA La Pyae Won 160kVA
Khaing sabal 315kVA Hospital-back 50 kVA
Mya mingalar 200kVA
Win Win 200kVA
Quarter-11, 200 kVA
Panwaddy 160kVA
Kyaw padaetar 160kVA
CT scan 315kVA
Tiger-1, 100kVA
912, 315kVA

Yacht 315kVA Hospital-new 315kVA

Soe family 160kVA
Quarter-8, 200kVA
Win myittar 100kVA

Pyi taw tar 315kVA

Lay nyoe shin 100kVA

Miba gone yaung 100kVA

YKK 160kVA Hospital-10 road,100kVA

Htun Htun Naing 100kVA

Bridge 315kVA Road-10, 315kVA

Ooredoo 50kVA
GCC 315kVA Myat hi da 200kVA
Aung thisar 315kVA
Market road 200kVA
MAB bank 100kVA

Road 3 corner 300kVA Road-10 riverside, 200kVA

CB bank 160kVA

Meik thit 200kVA

Monastery 200kVA I.wynee-1, 200kVA

Daw Win kyi 100kVA
Quarter-6, 200kVA Enjoy 160kVA
Aung hake 160kVA
Sub-aqua 200kVA I.wynee-2, 315kVA
TU 500kVA
Staff house 100kVA Middle 100kVA
Tiger III 100kVA
EPC 315kVA Paw taw mu , 50kVA
Fishery Dept, 50kVA
Police dept; New city-2, 200kVA
100kVA Ta pyae kone 100kVA
Mobile 100kVA
Quartar-1, 315kVA New city-1 , 315kVA
New village 100kVA
Than htay soe 100kVA
Quartar-1, 250kVA
Nga gyi ga yak-1, 30kVA
MPT 50kVA
Nga gyi ga yak-2, 160kVA
Factory 300kVA
CDMA 50kVA
Ooredoo 50kVA

Nyaung pin ga yak 160kVA Yalae-1, 315kVA GSM 50kVA

MPT 50kVA Ooredoo 50kVA Army-27, 75kVA

Belin 100kVA Yalae-2, 160kVA IGT 50kVA

Seiktar 160kVA Yalae-3, 315kVA

Pan ta pod 160kVA

Ta pyae seik 200kVA Pan pin su-1, 160kVA Factory 100kVA

Kyone kayin 200kVA Pan pin su-2, 200kVA Pan ta pod bridge 315kVA

Kyone nattaw 250kVA Tha htay kone 160kVA Kyaung village 315kVA

Kyawl done 200kVA Ngaphar-i 160kVA Kha naung taw-1,100kVA

Kyawl done 200kVA Kyar pyan 160kVA Thone khwa 200kVA

6-Villages 160kVA Whar taw100kVA

Shwe taung maw-1,
200kVA Ba yin gyi su 250kVA

0.4 kV Line Shwe taung maw-2, Kha naung taw-2, 160kVA

200kVA
11 kV Line Shwe taung maw-3, Kha naung taw-3, 160kVA
200kVA
33 kV Line
Padanmyar Kha naung taw-4, 160kVA
200kVA
11/0.4 kV Transformer
Htan pin kwae-1, 160kVA

Htan pin kwae-2, 160kVA

Fig. 7 Single Line Diagram of Maubin Distribution Substation

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN MULTIDISCIPLINARY FIELD ISSN: 2455-0620 Volume - 5, Issue - 1, Jan – 2019
Monthly, Peer-Reviewed, Refereed, Indexed Journal with IC Value: 86.87 Impact Factor: 6.497 Publication Date: 31/01/2019

Table III
The proposed 2 MVAR shunt capacitor bank data
No. Principal Parameter Value
1 Nominal system voltage 11 kV
2 KVAR capacity 2000 KVAR (min)
3 No. of phase 3 phase
4 Rated voltage 12.65 kV
5 Frequency 50 Hz
6 Rated output 2640 KVAR
Rating of capacitor unit in KVAR with internal
7 220 KVAR 2 bushings
fuses
8 Connection of capacitor bank Double Star with internal fuses
9 No. of units/bank 6+6 = 12 Nos /units
10 Power loss Not to exceed 0.2 watt/KVAR
Reference to voltage,current and reactive output
11 Permissible over load
shall conform to IS13925/1998
12 Type of grounding Ungrounded neutral
13 Capacitor impregnant Non PCB
14 Type of protection Internal fuse
15 Type of discharge Internally through resistor provided
16 Capacity to receive in rush current Not less than 100 times rated current

4. CONCLUSION:
Power factor correction is given to restore the power factor to as close to unity as is economically viable. This
is normally achieved by the addition of capacitors to the electrical network which compensate for the reactive power
demand of the inductive load and thus reduce the burden on the supply. The use of shunt capacitor has increased because
they are relatively inexpensive, easy and quick to install and can be deployed virtually anywhere in the network. This
paper described 2 MVAR shunt capacitor bank is an appropriate device to install at 11 kV bus, the secondary voltage
of 10 MVA transformer to provide capacitive reactive compensation or power factor correction. Its installation show
that other beneficial effects on the system such as: improvement of the voltage profile, reduction in line current,
reduction of power loss and release of power system capacity in distribution substation. In this case study, the power
factor correction is applied to a group of loads at one location. This technique is suitable for utility or industrial customers
with distributed load and is also economical to have a large capacitor bank for reactive compensation rather than several
smaller banks for the entire distribution system.

REFERENCES:
1. V.K. Mehta, Rohit Mehta, (2013), Principles of Power System, Revised Edition, S. Chand & Company Ltd.,
New Delhi.
2. B.R. Gupta, Vandana Singhal, (2004), Utilization of Electric Power and Electric Traction, Seventh Edition,
S.K. Kataria & sons , New Delhi.
3. Ramasamy Natarajan, (2005), Power System Capacitors, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis group, LLC., New
York,USA.
4. Technical Data SA02607001E, (2014), Power Factor Correction: a guide for the plant engineering,
EATON,www.eaton.com/electrical.
5. Noble Muromba , Dale Pudney, Technical Information, (May 2011), Shunt capacitor banks increase capacity
of distribution networks. O
6. Turan Gonen, (2014), Electrical Power Distribution System Engineering, Third Edition, CRC Press, Taylor &
Francis group, LLC., New York.
7. T.A. Shot, (2006), Electrical Power Distribution Equipment and Systems, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis
group, LLC., New York.

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