Designation: A 350/A 350M – 07

Standard Specification for

Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch
Toughness Testing for Piping Components1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 350/A 350M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents

1.1 This specification2 covers several grades of carbon and 2.1 ASTM Standards: 3
low-alloy steel forged or ring-rolled flanges, forged fittings and A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
valves intended primarily for low-temperature service and of Steel Products
requiring notch toughness testing. They are made to specified A 788/A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General
dimensions, or to dimensional standards, such as the ASME Requirements
and API Specifications referenced in Section 2. Although this A 961/A 961M Specification for Common Requirements
specification covers some piping components machined from for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for
rolled bar and seamless tubular materials (see 5.3.3), it does not Piping Applications
cover raw material produced in these product forms. 2.2 ASME Standards:
1.2 No limitation on size is intended beyond the ability of B 16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings4
the manufacturer to obtain the specified requirements. How- B 16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Fit-
ever, Class 3 of Grade LF787 is only available in the tings4
quenched-and-precipitation heat treated condition. B 16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Fer-
1.3 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when rous Valves4
additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply B 16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and
only when specified by the purchaser in the order. Threaded4
1.4 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units B 16.30 Unfired Pressure Vessel Flange Dimensions4
and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the B 16.34 Valves-Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End4
applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the mate- B 16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges4
rial shall be furnished to inch-pound units. 2.3 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units Section IX Welding Qualifications2
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the 2.4 AWS Standards:
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each A 5.1 Mild Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes5
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must A 5.5 Low-Alloy Steel Covered Arc-Welding Electrodes5
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the 2.5 API Standards:6
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- 600 Steel Gate Valves with Flanged or Butt-Welding Ends
cation. 602 Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate Valves for Refinery
NOTE 1—Refer to Test Methods and Definitions A 370 for notes on
Use
significance of notched-bar impact testing.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, the ASTM website.
4
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. www.asme.org.
5
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published December 2007. Originally Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJeune Rd.,
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 350/A 350M – 04a. Miami, FL 33126, http://www.aws.org.
2 6
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-
cation SA-350 in Section II of that Code. ington, DC 20005-4070, http://api-ec.api.org.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

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 A 350/A 350M – 07
605 Large Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges approximately parallel to the metal flow lines of the stock.
Other parts, excluding flanges of all types, may be machined
3. Ordering Information from hot-rolled or forged bar up through and including NPS4.
3.1 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in the Elbows, return bends, tees, and header tees shall not be
purchase order information necessary to purchase the needed machined directly from bar stock.
material. In addition to the ordering information guidelines in 5.4 Heat Treatment:
Specification A 961/A 961M, orders should include the follow- 5.4.1 After hot working and before reheating for heat
ing information: treatment, the forging shall be allowed to cool substantially
3.1.1 The number of test reports required (see Section 14). below the transformation range.
3.1.2 Additional requirements (see Table 1 footnotes). 5.4.2 Forgings of grades other than Grade LF787 shall be
furnished in the normalized, or in the normalized and tem-
4. General Requirements pered, or in the quenched and tempered condition described by
4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform to the following procedures:
the requirements of Specification A 961/A 961M, including 5.4.2.1 Normalize—Heat to a temperature that produces an
any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the austenitic structure, holding sufficient time to attain uniform
purchase order. Failure to comply with the general require- temperature throughout. Cool uniformly in still air.
ments of Specification A 961/A 961M constitutes nonconfor- 5.4.2.2 Normalize and Temper—Subsequent to normalize,
mance with this specification. In case of conflict between the reheat to 1100 °F [590 °C] minimum, holding at temperature a
requirements of this specification and Specification A 961/ minimum of 30 min/in. [30 min/25 mm] of maximum thick-
A 961M, this specification shall prevail. ness, but in no case less than 30 min. Cool in still air.
5.4.2.3 Quench and Temper—The procedure for quenching
5. Manufacture shall consist of either (1) fully austenitizing the forgings
5.1 Melting Process—The steel shall be produced by any of followed by quenching in a suitable liquid medium or (2) using
the following primary processes: open-hearth, basic oxygen, a multiple stage procedure whereby the forging is first fully
electric-furnace, or vacuum-induction melting (VIM). The austenitized and rapidly cooled, then reheated to partially
primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refin- reaustenitize, followed by quenching in a suitable liquid
ing, and may be followed by secondary melting using electro- medium. All quenched forgings shall be tempered by reheating
slag remelting (ESR), or vacuum-arc remelting (VAR). to a temperature between 1100 °F [590 °C] and the lower
5.1.1 The steel shall be fully killed, fine-grain practice. transformation temperature, holding at temperature a minimum
5.1.2 The molten steel may be vacuum treated prior to or of 30 min/in. [30 min/25 mm] of maximum thickness but in no
during pouring of the ingot. case less than 30 min. Cool in still air.
5.2 Discard—A sufficient discard shall be made to secure 5.4.3 Grade LF787 forgings shall be furnished in either the
freedom from injurious piping and undue segregation. normalized-and-precipitation heat treated condition or in the
5.3 Forging Process: quenched-and-precipitation heat treated condition. The heat
5.3.1 Material for forgings shall consist of ingots, or forged, treatment procedures shall be as follows:
rolled, or strandcast blooms, billets, slabs, or bars. 5.4.3.1 Normalized-and-Precipitation Heat Treated—Heat
5.3.2 The finished product shall be a forging as defined in to a temperature in the range from 1600 to 1725 °F [870 to 940
the Terminology section of Specification A 788/A 788M. °C], hold at the temperature for a time sufficient to attain
5.3.3 Except for flanges of all types, hollow, cylindrically- uniform temperature throughout, soak at the temperature for
shaped parts may be machined from rolled bar or seamless not less than 1⁄2 h, and remove from the furnace and cool in air.
tubular materials provided that the axial length of the part is Subsequently, heat to a temperature in the range from 1000 to

TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements

Composition, wt. %
Element
Grade LF1 Grade LF2 Grade LF3 Grade LF5 Grade LF6 Grade LF9 Grade LF787
Carbon, max 0.30 0.30 0.20 0.30 0.22 0.20 0.07
Manganese 0.60–1.35 0.60–1.35 0.90 max 0.60–1.35 1.15–1.50 0.40–1.06 0.40–0.70
Phosphorus, 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.035 0.025 0.035 0.025
max
Sulfur, max 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.025 0.040 0.025
SiliconA 0.15–0.30 0.15–0.30 0.20–0.35 0.20–0.35 0.15–0.30 ... 0.40 max
Nickel 0.40 maxB 0.40 maxB 3.3–3.7 1.0–2.0 0.40 maxB 1.60–2.24 0.70–1.00
Chromium 0.30 maxB,C 0.30 maxB,C 0.30 maxC 0.30 maxC 0.30 maxB,C 0.30 maxC 0.60–0.90
Molybdenum 0.12 maxB,C 0.12 maxB,C 0.12 maxC 0.12 maxC 0.12 maxB,C 0.12 maxC 0.15–0.25
Copper 0.40 maxB 0.40 maxB 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 maxB 0.75–1.25 1.00–1.30
Columbium 0.02 maxD 0.02 maxD 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 max 0.02 min
Vanadium 0.08 max 0.08 max 0.03 max 0.03 max 0.04–0.11 0.03 max 0.03 max
Nitrogen ... ... ... ... 0.01–0.030 ... ...
A
When vacuum carbon-deoxidation is required by Supplementary Requirement S4, the silicon content shall be 0.12 % maximum.
B
The sum of copper, nickel, chromium, vanadium and molybdenum shall not exceed 1.00 % on heat analysis.
C
The sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 % on heat analysis.
D
By agreement, the limit for columbium may be increased up to 0.05 % on heat analysis and 0.06 % on product analysis.

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 A 350/A 350M – 07
1200 °F [540 to 650 °C], soak at the temperature for not less represented. The test material shall be treated in the same
than 1⁄2 h, and cool at any convenient rate. furnace at the same time as the forging it represents, subject to
5.4.3.2 Quenched-and-Precipitation Heat Treated—Heat to the requirements of 7.1.2.1.
a temperature in the range from 1600 to 1725 °F [870 to 940 7.1.1.2 The test specimen shall represent all forgings from
°C], hold at the temperature for a time sufficient to attain the same heat and heat-treatment load whose maximum thick-
uniform temperature throughout, soak at the temperature for nesses do not exceed the thickness of the test forging or blank
not less than 1⁄2 h and quench in a suitable liquid medium by by more than 1⁄4 in. [6 mm].
immersion; reheat to a temperature in the range from 1000 to 7.1.2 Number of Tests—One tension test at room tempera-
1225 °F [540 to 665 °C], hold at the temperature for not less ture shall be made in accordance with 7.1.1.2 from each heat in
than 1⁄2 h, and cool at any convenient rate. each heat-treatment load.
7.1.2.1 If heat treatment is performed in either a continuous
6. Chemical Composition or a batch-type furnace controlled within 625 °F [614 °C] of
6.1 Heat Analysis: the required heat-treatment temperature and equipped with
6.1.1 A chemical heat analysis in accordance with Specifi- recording pyrometers so that complete records of heat treat-
cation A 961/A 961M shall be made and conform to the ment are available and if the same heat-treating cycles are used
requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. on the forgings represented by the tension test, then one tension
Leaded steels shall not be permitted. test from each heat shall be required, instead of one tension test
6.2 Product Analysis: from each heat in each heat treatment load in accordance with
6.2.1 The purchaser may make a product analysis on prod- 7.1.1.2.
ucts supplied to this specification in accordance with Specifi- 7.1.3 Test Locations and Orientations—The test specimen
cation A 961/A 961M. shall be removed from the heaviest section of the forging or
test blank, at locations described in 7.1.3.1, 7.1.3.2, 7.1.3.5 or
7. Mechanical Properties as close to these locations as practical, subject to forging size
7.1 Tension Tests: and geometry.
7.1.1 Requirements—The material shall conform to require- 7.1.3.1 For forgings or test blanks having a maximum
ments for tensile properties in Table 2. heat-treated thickness, T, of 2 in. [50 mm] or less, the
7.1.1.1 The test specimen shall be obtained from a rough or longitudinal axis of the test specimen shall be taken at
finished forging, or prolongation thereof. For forgings under mid-thickness and its mid-length shall be at least 2 in. [50 mm]
10 000 lbs, at time of heat treatment, it may be obtained from from a second heat treated surface, exclusive of the T dimen-
separately forged test blanks from the same heat of steel as the sion surfaces. (This is normally referred to as 1⁄2 T by 2 in. [50
production forgings. The test blank shall be reduced by forging mm]).
in a manner similar to that for the products represented, and 7.1.3.2 For forgings or test blanks having a maximum
shall receive approximately the same hot working and reduc- heat-treated thickness, T, greater than 2 in. [50 mm], the central
tion and the same heat treatment as the finished products axis of the test specimen shall be taken at least 1⁄4 T from the

TABLE 2 Tensile Properties at Room TemperatureA

Grades
LF1 and LF5 LF2 LF3 LF6 LF9 LF787
Class 1 Classes Classes 1
1 and 2 and 2 Class 1 Classes 2 Class 2 Class 3
LF5 and 3
Class 2
Tensile strength, ksi [MPa] 60–85 70–95 70–95 66–91 75–100 63–88 65–85 75–95
[415–585] [485–655] [485–655] [455–630] [515–690] [435–605] [450–585] [515–655]
Yield strength, min, ksi [MPa]B,C 30 [205] 36 [250] 37.5 [260] 52 [360] 60 [415] 46 [315] 55 [380] 65 [450]
Elongation:
Standard round specimen, or 25 22 22 22 20 25 20 20
small proportional specimen,
min % in
4D gage length
Strip specimen for wall thickness 28 30 30 30 28 28 28 28
5⁄16 in. [7.94 mm] and over

and for all small sizes tested

in full section; min % in 2 in.
[50 mm]
Equation for calculating min 48t + 13 48t + 15 48t + 15 48t + 15 48t + 13 48t + 13 48t + 13 48t + 13
elongation for strip specimens
thinner than 5⁄16 in. [7.94 mm];
min % in 2 in. [50 mm]
t = actual thickness in inches
Reduction of area, min, % 38 30 35 40 40 38 45 45
A
See 7.3 for hardness tests.
B
Determined by either the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension under load method.
C
For round specimens only.

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 A 350/A 350M – 07
nearest heat-treated surface and at least T or 4 in. [100 mm], specimen shall be as large as is practicable and shall be
whichever is less, from any second heat-treated surface. For machined to the form and dimensions of Fig. 5 of Test Methods
quenched and tempered forgings, the midlength of the test and Definitions A 370. When seamless tubular materials are
specimen shall be at least T from any second heat-treated used, testing shall be performed on longitudinal specimens in
surface. See Fig. 1 for test specimen location in separately accordance with Annex A2, Steel Tubular Products, of Test
forged test blanks for quenched and tempered forgings. Methods and Definitions A 370.
7.1.3.3 Metal Buffers—The required distances from heat 7.2 Impact Test:
treated surfaces may be obtained with metal buffers instead of
integral expansions. Buffer material may be carbon or low 7.2.1 Requirements—The material shall conform to the
alloy steel, and shall be joined to the forging with a partial requirements for impact properties in Table 3 when tested at
penetration weld that seals the buffered surface. Specimens the applicable standard temperature in Table 4 within the limits
shall be located at 1⁄2 in. [13 mm] minimum from the buffered of 7.2.4.2 and 7.2.4.3. When subsize specimens are used, the
surface of the forging. Buffers shall be removed and the welded impact energy values obtained shall conform to Table 5 at
areas subjected to magnetic particle test to assure freedom from energy values proportional to standard size. Exceptions to this
cracks unless the welded areas are completely removed by requirement are permissible when Supplementary Requirement
subsequent machining. S1 is specified by the purchaser. Impact tests may be made at
7.1.3.4 The test specimen shall have its longitudinal axis temperatures different from those in Table 4, provided that the
located parallel to the direction of major working of the forging test temperature is at least as low as the intended service
or test blank. temperature, and that the forging is suitably marked to identify
7.1.3.5 With prior purchaser approval, tests may be taken at the reported test temperature.
a depth (t) corresponding to the distance from the area of 7.2.1.1 The test specimens shall be machined from material
significant loading to the nearest heat treated surface and at obtained as in 7.1.
least twice this distance (2t) from any second surface. How-
7.2.2 Number of Tests—Three specimens shall constitute
ever, the test depth shall not be nearer to one treated surface
than 3⁄4 in. [19 mm] and to the second treated surface than 11⁄2 one test set. There shall be the same number of test sets as
in. [38 mm]. This method of test location would normally tension tests in 7.1.2.
apply to contour-forged parts, or parts with thick cross- 7.2.3 Test Locations and Orientations—The test specimen
sectional areas where 1⁄4 T 3 T testing (7.1.3.2) is not practical. shall be located and oriented as described in 7.1.3. The area
Sketches showing the exact test locations shall be approved by under the notch of the impact test specimen shall be used to
the purchaser when this method is used. locate the specimen with respect to the second heat-treated
7.1.4 Test Method—Testing shall be performed in accor- surface. The base of the notch shall be perpendicular to the
dance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370. The test nearest heat-treated surface.

NOTE 1—For material with thickness T greater than 2 in. [50 mm],
T2= T3= T4$ Tmax
where:
Tmax= maximum heat treated thickness

FIG. 1 Test Specimen Location for Quenched and Tempered

Forgings

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 A 350/A 350M – 07
TABLE 3 Charpy V-Notch Energy Requirements for Standard TABLE 6 Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction Below
Size [10 by 10 mm] Specimens Table 4 Test Temperature when the Subsize Charpy Impact Width
Minimum Impact
along Notch is Less than 80% of the Forging Thickness
Minimum Impact
Energy Required Thickness of the
Energy Permitted
for Average of Material Represented
Grade for One Specimen Temperature
Each Set of Three (see 7.2.4.3), or
only of a Set, Size of Bar Reduction,
Specimens, Charpy, Impact
ft·lbf[J] °F [°C]
ft·lbf[J] Specimen Width Along
the NotchA, in. [mm]
LF1 and LF9 13 [18] 10 [14]
LF2, Class 1 15 [20] 12 [16] Standard 0.394 [10] 0 [0]
LF3, Class 1 15 [20] 12 [16] Standard 0.354 [9] 0 [0]
LF5 Class 1 and 2 15 [20] 12 [16] Standard 0.315 [8] 0 [0]
LF787 Classes 2 and 3 15 [20] 12 [16] 3⁄4-size 0.295 [7.5] 5 [3]
LF6, Class 1 15 [20] 12 [16] 3⁄4-size 0.276 [7] 8 [5]
LF2, Class 2 20 [27] 15 [20] 2⁄3-size 0.262 [6.67] 10 [6]
LF3, Class 2 20 [27] 15 [20] 2⁄3-size 0.236 [6] 15 [8]
LF6, Classes 2 and 3 20 [27] 15 [20] 1⁄2-size 0.197 [5] 20 [11]
1⁄2-size 0.158 [4] 30 [17]
1⁄3-size 0.131 [3.33] 35 [20]
1⁄3-size 0.118 [3] 40 [22]
TABLE 4 Standard Impact Test Temperature for Standard Size 1⁄4-size 0.099 [2.5] 50 [28]
[10 by 10 mm] Specimens A
Straight-line interpolation for intermediate values is permitted.
Grade Test Temperature, °F [°C]
LF1 −20 [−29]
LF2 Class 1 −50 [−46]
LF2 Class 2 −0 [−18] and where the largest obtainable specimen has a width along
LF3, Classes 1 and 2 −150 [−101] the notch of at least 80 % of the forging thickness, the
LF5, Classes 1 and 2 −75 [−59]
LF6, Classes 1 and 2 −60 [−51] specimen shall be tested at the temperature in Table 4. Where
LF6, Class 3 0 [−18] the largest obtainable specimen has a width along the notch of
LF9 −100 [−73] less than 80 % of the material thickness, the temperature for
LF787, Class 2 −75 [−59]
LF787 Class 3 −100 [−73] testing shall be lower than the temperature in Table 4 by an
amount equal to the difference (referring to Table 6) between
the temperature reduction corresponding to the thickness of the
TABLE 5 Minimum Equivalent Absorbed Energy ft·lbf (J) for material represented, and the temperature reduction corre-
Various Specimen SizesA sponding to the specimen width actually tested.
Standard ⁄ size
34 ⁄ size
23 ⁄ size
12 ⁄ size
13 ⁄ size
14
7.3 Hardness Test:
Size [10 by [10 by [10 by [10 by [10 by [10 by
10 mm] 7.5 mm] 6.6 mm] 5 mm] 3.3 mm] 2.5 mm] 7.3.1 Except when only one forging is produced, a mini-
15 [20] 12 [16] 10 [14] 8 [11] 5 [7] 4 [6] mum of two forgings shall be hardness tested per batch or
13 [18] 10 [14] 9 [12] 7 [10] 5 [7] 4 [6] continuous run as defined in 7.1.2.1 to ensure that hardness of
12 [16] 10 [14] 9 [12] 7 [10] 4 [6] 3 [5]
10 [14] 8 [11] 7 [10] 5 [7] 3 [5] 3 [5]
the forgings does not exceed 197 HB after heat treatment for
A
mechanical properties. The hardness measurements shall be
Straight-line interpolation for intermediate values is permitted.
made in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
When only one forging is produced, it shall be hardness tested
7.2.4 Test Method—The notched bar impact test shall be to ensure that it meets the 197 HB maximum of this specifi-
made in accordance with the procedure for the Charpy V-notch cation. The purchaser may verify that this requirement has been
type test as described in Test Methods and Definitions A 370. met by testing at any location on the forging, provided that
7.2.4.1 Standard size specimens shown in Fig. 11 of Test such testing does not render the forging useless.
Methods and Definitions A 370 shall be used for the impact
test. Where the material is of insufficient thickness, or the 8. Hydrostatic Test
shape of the forging precludes standard size, the largest 8.1 Forgings manufactured under this specification shall be
obtainable subsize specimen described in Test Methods and capable of passing a hydrostatic test compatible with the rating
Definitions A 370 shall be used. of the finished item. Such tests shall be conducted by the
7.2.4.2 Where subsize specimens are used and represent manufacturer only when Supplementary Requirement S57 of
forged material with thicknesses equal to or greater than 0.394 Specification A 961/A 961M is specified.
in. [10 mm], and where the largest obtainable specimen has a
width along the notch of at least 8 mm, such specimen shall be 9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
tested at the temperature in Table 4. Where the largest
9.1 Forgings shall conform to the requirements of Specifi-
obtainable specimen has a width along the notch less than 8
cation A 961/A 961M.
mm, the temperature for testing shall be lower than the
temperature in Table 4 by the amount shown in Table 6 for the
10. Retests
actual specimen width tested.
7.2.4.3 Where subsize specimens are used and represent 10.1 If any test specimen shows flaws or defective machin-
forged material with thicknesses less than 0.394 in. [10 mm], ing, it may be discarded and another specimen substituted.

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 A 350/A 350M – 07
11. Rework and Retreatment 11.3.6 When the purchaser specifies Supplementary Re-
11.1 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform to quirement S5, the same requirements shall apply to the weld
the requirements specified, the manufacturer may reheat treat procedure qualification tests.
the forgings represented, and shall retest to the applicable 11.3.7 Repair by welding shall not exceed 10 % of the
requirements. surface area of the forging or 331⁄3 % of the wall thickness of
11.2 Individually tested forgings meeting all requirements the finished forging, or 3⁄8 in. [9.5 mm], whichever is less,
shall be acceptable. without prior approval of the purchaser.
11.3.8 When approval of the purchaser is obtained, the
11.3 Repair by Welding—Weld repairs shall be permitted
limitations set forth in 11.3.7 may be exceeded, but all other
(see Supplementary Requirement S58 of Specification A 961/
requirements of 11.3 shall apply.
A 961M) at the discretion of the manufacturer with the
following limitations and requirements: 12. Inspection
11.3.1 Repair by welding shall be made using welding 12.1 Inspection provisions of Specification A 961/A 961M
procedures and welders qualified in accordance with ASME shall apply.
Section IX of the Code. The weld procedure qualification test
shall also include impact tests of the weld metal and heat- 13. Rejection and Rehearing
affected zone. All impact test specimens shall have the longi- 13.1 Purchaser shall comply with provisions of Specifica-
tudinal axis transverse to the weld and the base of the notch tion A 961/A 961M.
normal to the weld surface. Weld specimens shall have the
notch in weld metal and heat-affected zone specimens shall 14. Certification
have the notch in the heat-affected zone. The specimens shall 14.1 Test reports are required and they shall include certi-
be as large as permitted by the weldment thickness. Where fication that all requirements of this specification have been
full-size specimens can be obtained and where there is suffi- met, and shall be traceable to the forging represented. The
cient weldment thickness, the weld specimen shall be taken specification designation included on test reports shall include
with one side of the specimen within 1⁄16 in. [1.6 mm] of the year of issue and revision letter, if any. The manufacturer shall
weld surface. Heat-affected zone impact test specimens shall provide the following where applicable:
be taken at the same depth and locations applicable to the 14.1.1 Type heat treatment, Section 5,
forging in 7.1.3.1 and 7.1.3.2. When forgings are thermally 14.1.2 Chemical analysis results, Section 6 (Table 1),
treated after repair welding, the weld procedure test plate shall 14.1.3 Product analysis results, 6.2 (Table 1),
be subjected to the same thermal treatment. The mechanical 14.1.4 Tensile property results, Section 7 (Table 2) report
properties of the weld procedure qualification test shall con- the yield strength and ultimate strength, in ksi [MPa], elonga-
form to Section 7. tion and reduction in area, in percent,
11.3.2 Defects shall be completely removed by chipping or 14.1.5 Impact test results, 7.2 (Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, and
grinding to sound metal as verified by magnetic particle, or Table 6),
liquid penetrant inspection prior to welding. 14.1.6 Hardness results, 7.3.1,
11.3.3 For Grade LF1 forgings, and LF2 forgings that are to 14.1.7 Any supplementary testing required by the purchase
be only stress-relieved after repair welding, the weld metal order, and
shall be deposited using carbon steel electrodes E 7015, 14.1.8 If repaired by welding, letter W is to follow the
E 7016, or E 7018, complying with AWS A 5.1. For Grade LF2 ASTM designation.
forgings in all other conditions of post-weld heat treatment, the
weld metal shall be deposited using low-alloy steel electrodes 15. Product Marking
E 7015-A1; E 7016-A1, or E 7018-A1 complying with AWS 15.1 In addition to the marking requirements of Specifica-
5.5; for Grade LF3 forgings the weld metal shall be deposited tion A 961/A 961M, manufacturer’s name (see Note 2) or
using low-alloy steel electrodes E 8016-C2 or E 8018-C2 symbol shall be permanently marked on each forging.
complying with AWS A 5.5; for Grades LF5, LF9, and LF787 NOTE 2—For purposes of identification marking, the manufacturer is
forgings, the weld metal shall be deposited using low-alloy considered the organization that certifies the piping component was
steel electrodes E 8016-C1 or E 8018-C1 complying with AWS manufactured, sampled, and tested in accordance with this specification
A 5.5. For Grade LF6, the electrodes shall be low-hydrogen, and the results have been determined to meet the requirements of this
E-XX15, E-XX16, or E-XX18 complying with AWS A 5.1 or specification.
A 5.5, as applicable. 15.1.1 If the forgings have been quenched and tempered or
11.3.4 After repair welding, the area welded shall be com- quenched-and-precipitation heat treated, the letters QT shall be
pletely free of defects as verified by magnetic particle or liquid stamped on the forgings following the ASTM designation.
penetrant inspection. 15.1.2 Forgings repaired by welding shall be marked with
11.3.5 Forgings repair welded in the normalized, normal- the letter W following the ASTM designation.
ized and tempered, or the quenched and tempered conditions 15.2 If identification stamps are objectionable and detrimen-
shall be stress-relieved after repair welding at 1100 °F [590 °C] tal to the forging, and when so stated on the purchase order, the
minimum, but not higher than the temperature previously used marks may be painted or stenciled on the forging, or stamped
for tempering the base metal of the same forging, or shall be on a metal or plastic tag which shall be securely attached to the
reheat treated in accordance with 5.4. forging.

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 A 350/A 350M – 07
15.3 When test reports are required, additional marks shall supplemental identification method. The purchaser may
be used as necessary to identify the part with the test report. specify in the order a specific bar coding system to be used.
15.4 If the test temperature is other than the standard The bar coding system, if applied at the discretion of the
temperature specified in Table 4, the mark shall also include the supplier, should be consistent with one of the published
suffix letter S to the grade and class and the test temperature. A industry standards for bar coding. If used on small parts, the
prefix 0 to the test temperature shall indicate a less than 0 °F bar code may be applied to the box or a substantially applied
[-18 °C] value. For example, LF2S 0175 denotes a test tag.
temperature of –175 °F [-115 °C] for an LF2 part.
15.5 Parts meeting all requirements for more than one class 16. Keywords
may be marked with more than one class such as LF2 16.1 carbon equivalent; pipe fittings, steel; piping applica-
CL1/C12; LF5 CL1/CL2, and so forth. tions; pressure containing parts; steel flanges; steel forgings,
15.6 Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 15.1, alloy; steel forgings, carbon; steel valves; temperature service
15.2, 15.3, 15.4, and 15.5, bar coding is acceptable as a applications, low

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

In addition to any supplementary requirements of Specification A 961/A 961M, the following

supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the order:

S1. Other Impact Test Temperatures S3. Lateral Expansion

S1.1 Impact test temperatures lower or higher than the S3.1 Lateral expansion of the Charpy V-notch test in accor-
standard temperature in Table 4 of this specification shall be dance with Section 25 of Test Methods and Definitions A 370
used. shall be measured and reported.
S1.1.1 When higher test temperatures are employed, the
actual test temperature may not be higher than that given in S4. Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidized Steels
Table S1.1.1.
S4.1 Material made to Grades LF1, LF2, LF3, LF5, and LF9
S1.2 The test temperature shall be specified by the pur-
shall be vacuum carbon-deoxidized, in which case the silicon
chaser. When subsize specimens are used, the manufacturer
content shall be 0.12 % maximum. The test report shall
shall adjust the test temperature in accordance with the size
indicate that the steel was vacuum carbon-deoxidized.
restrictions of 7.2.4.2 and 7.2.4.3.
S1.3 The forging shall be marked with the specified test
S5. Special Impact Test Requirements for Flanges (Note
temperature in accordance with 15.4. A lower temperature shall
S5.1)
not be marked on the forging because of the use of subsize
specimens. S5.1 Charpy test specimens shall be cut from an actual
S1.4 The test results shall comply with Table 3 for standard flange representing each size, heat, and heat-treatment lot. If
size specimens, and with Table 5 for subsize specimens. more than one size flange is represented by the same heat and
heat-treatment lot, the maximum size flange shall be consid-
S2. Stress-Relieved Test Specimens ered representative.
S2.1 The test specimens shall be stress relieved. Stress S5.2 The number, location, and orientation of the test
relieving shall be done after heat treatment in 5.4 and before specimens shall be stated on the order.
machining the specimens from the heat-treated test material. S5.3 The test results shall comply with Table 3 for standard
S2.2 The purchaser shall furnish the forging manufacturer size specimens, and with Table 5 for subsize specimens.
with details of the stress-relief treatment desired. NOTE S5.1—These special requirements should be considered for
services when the applied stresses approach the maximum permissible
limits of the governing code, or the installation is subject to severe cyclic
TABLE S1.1.1 Maximum Supplemental Test Temperatures conditions (7000 or more cycles over the expected life of the installation),
Grade Maximum Test Temperature, °F [°C] or both.
LF1 −10 [−23]
LF2, Class 1 −35 [−37] S6. Carbon Equivalent
LF3, Classes 1 and 2 −125 [−87]
LF5, Classes 1 and 2 −60 [−51] S6.1 The maximum carbon equivalent based on heat analy-
LF6, Classes 1 and 2 −40 [−40] sis shall be as shown in Table S6.1.
LF9 −80 [−62]
LF787, Class 2 −60 [−51] S6.2 Determine the carbon equivalent (CE) as follows:
LF787, Class 3 −80 [−62] CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr + Mo + V)/5 + (Ni + Cu)/15
LF2 Class 2 +10 [−12]
LF6 Class 3 +10 [−12] S6.3 A lower maximum carbon equivalent may be agreed
upon between the supplier and the purchaser.

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 A 350/A 350M – 07
TABLE S6.1 Maximum Carbon Equivalent Value
Max.Thickness Less Max. Thickness
Grade
Than or Equal to 2 in. Greater Than 2 in.
LF1 0.45 0.46
LF2 CL1 and CL2 0.47 0.48
LF6 CL1 0.45 0.46
LF6 CL2 0.47 0.48

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 350/A 350M – 04a, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved November 1, 2007)

(1) Deleted the reference to Footnote C for Copper under

Grades LF3 and LF5 in Table 1.

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