Case Digest

CASE DIGEST: IMPROPER WASTE
MANAGEMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES
Prepared by:
Alvarado, Juvanil
Angub, Kristine A.
Artajo, Merry Joy
Bacacao, Karmel Joy
Baisac, Charish
Submitted to:
Sir Earl Niño Ledesma
FACTS
1. The Philippines generates about 35,000 tons of garbage daily, and more than 8,600
tons per day in Metro Manila alone.
About 35,580 tons of garbage is generated every day in the Philippines. On the
average, each person in the country produces about 0.5 kg and 0.3 kg of garbage every
day in the urban and rural areas, respectively. For Metro Manila, it is estimated that 8,636
tons of garbage is generated per day. The household is the major source of waste in the
Philippines at 74%. Moreover, of the total solid waste generated from households, 95%
can still be reused or recycled, or turned into compost. Only 5% is made up of residuals
and special/hazardous waste (JICA Waste Characterization Study, 1997).
Sources:
 Song, L. (2017, October 13). Philippines grapples with 35,000 tons of garbage
daily: ADB expert. Xinhua Net. Retrieved from
www.xinhuanet.com/english/2017-10/13/c_136677472.htm
 Iglesias, I. (2016, March 12). Metro Manila dumps 861,967 tons of waste.
Manila Times. Retrieved from www.manilatimes.net/metro-manila-dumps-
861967-tons-of-waste/250095/
2. The Philippines is a major contributor of the plastics in the ocean.
Greenpeace, an environmental group, ranked Philippines as the “3 rd worst polluter

in the world’s oceans” after China and Indonesia. Tons of single-use plastics were
recovered from the Manila Bay during the week-long Greenpeace clean-up campaign.
Sources:
 Aguilar, A. & Pago, A. (2017, April 25). Greenpeace tells ASEAN: Act on
plastics pollution in region’s ocean. Greenpeace Org. Retrieved
from greenpeace.org/seasia/ ph/press/releases/Greenpeace-tells-ASEAN-Act-on-
plastics-pollution-in-regions-ocean/
 SPH Digital News (2017, September 22). Greenpeace report: Big Western
brands polluting oceans with cheap plastic in Philippines. The Straits Times.
Retrieved from www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/greenpeace-report-big-western-
brands-polluting-oceans-with-cheap-plastic-in-philippines
 Presse, A. (2017, September 23) Greenpeace: PH is third worst plastic polluter of
oceans. The Inquirer. Retrieved from newsinfo.inquirer.net/932739/greenpeace-
environment-water-pollution-polluter-manila-bay
3. There are laws and policies regarding waste management in the Philippines.
I. DAO 1998-49/ Technical Guidelines For Municipal Solid Waste Disposal

- DENR shall provide direct technical guidance to the LGUs in order to promote
their adoption of environmentally-sound, technically-feasible and economically-
sustainable solid waste management options, through standards and guidelines
that could be consistently applied to different LGUs throughout the country.
-
II. DAO 2001-34/ Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act 9003
- These Rules are promulgated to prescribe the procedures and guidelines for the
implementation of the Philippine Solid Waste Management Act of 9003 in order
to facilitate compliance therewith and achieve the objectives thereof.
III. RA 9003/ Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

- An act providing for an Ecological Solid Waste Management Program, creating
the necessary institutional mechanisms and incentives, declaring certain Acts and
Prohibited and Providing Penalties, Appropriating Funds Therefor, and for other
purposes
IV. PD 825/ Providing penalty for improper disposal of garbage and other forms of
uncleanliness and for other purposes
- Any person, who shall litter or throw garbage, filth, or other waste matters, in
public places shall suffer an imprisonment of not less than 5 days nor more than
one year or a fine of not less than PhP100.00 or more than Php 2,000.00 or both
such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the Court or tribunal, without
prejudice to the imposition of a higher penalty under any other law or decree
V. AO 1993-90/ Creating a project management office on Solid Waste Management

under the presidential task force on waste management
VI. DAO 1998-50/Adopting the landfill site identification and screening criteria for
municipal solid waste disposal facilities.
- It is the declared policy of the Department as provided in the "Philippine
Environment Code (PD 1152), and the Pollution Control Decree of 1976 (PD
(984)" and their implementing rules and regulations, to adopt a system for a safe
and sanitary disposal of waste.
VII. MC 1988-39A/ Amending Memorandum Circular No. 39-A, Dated January 19,
1988. By Reconstituting The Presidential Task Force On Waste Management
4. Filipinos lack discipline regarding proper waste disposal.
A. Piles of garbage in public places are an aftermath of special events in the

Philippines.
Sources:
 Tupas, T. (2015, January 19). Ecowaste Deplores Pile of Garbage Left at

Rizal Park After Papal Mass. Inquirer. Retrieved from
newsinfo.inquirer.net/666596/ecowaste-deplores-piles-of-garbage-left-at-
rizal-park-after-papal-mass
 Lucero, A. (2017, April 14). The “Holitrash” that Piles Up in the
Philippines during Holy Week. The Observers. Retrieved
from observers.france24.com /en/20170414-philippines-holy-week-photos-
trash-environment
 Cepeda, M (2016, January 1). New Year trash in Manila: 'Totally
unacceptable'. Rappler. Retrieved from from www.
nation/117658rappler.com/ -ecowaste-coalition-post-new-year-garbage
B. Improper waste disposal is a major cause of floods in the Philippines.
Sources:
 Cordero, J. (2016, May 21). Improper Garbage Disposal Remains Major

Cause of Flooding. GMA News. Retrieved from
www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/metro/ 567168/improper-garbage-disposal-
remains-major-cause-of-flooding/story/
 Fernandez, R. (2017, April 4). Improper Waste Disposal Blamed for
Flooding. SunStar Cebu. Retrieved from www.sunstar.com.ph/cebu/local-
news/2017/04/04/improper-waste-disposal-blamed-flooding-534734
 Roxas. P. (2017, July 29). Floods Made Worse by Garbage -
Ecowaste. Inquirer. Retrieved from newsinfo.inquirer.net/918666/floods-made-
worse-by-garbage-ecowaste
5. Puerto Princesa City, Bacolod City and Davao City are model cities in the country
in terms of cleanliness.
A. These cities are recognized for their clean and green environment.
Sources:
 Got Eco Tech (2013, November 20). The Five Cleanest Cities in the
Philippines. Retrieved from gotecotech.com/cleanest-cities-in-the-philippines-
2013/
 The Top Tens (2007, December) Top Ten Cities in the Philippines. Retrieved
from https://www.thetoptens.com/top-cities-philippines/
B. These cities implement “No Segregation, No Collection Policy”
Sources:
 Palatino, C (2016, November 4). Puerto Princesa to Implement Stricter Waste

Management. ABS-CBN News. Retrieved from news.abs-cbn.com/news/
11/03/16/puerto-princesa-to-implement-stricter-waste-management
 Pedrosa, M (2017, March 29).Waste Segregation in Bacolod to Start May 1.
SunStar Bacolod. Retrieved from www.sunstar.com.ph/bacolod/local-
news/2017/03/29/waste-segregation-bacolod-start-may-1-533677
 Pedrosa, M (2017, November 20). Davao City urged to strictly enforce Proper
Waste Management. SunStar Davao. Retrieved from
www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/local-news/2017/11/20/davao-city-urged-strictly-
enforce-proper-waste-management-575817
ISSUES
1. It blocks the different passageways of water resulting to heavy floods.
Source:
 Philippines Humanitarian Bulletin, (2016). Above Normal Rainfall and Strong

Typhoons Expected in Late 2016. Retrieved from
http://ochaimphil.io/Humanitarian-Bulletin/HumBulletin2016.html (Figure 1)
Featured Events:
 Typhoon Ondoy
Source: GMA News TV
 Sudden Flood in Tabunok Talisay City Cebu (October 2, 2017)
Photographed by Bernadette Photographed by Maybelle Photographed by Charish

Salvaleon Labrador Baisac
2. It brings diseases to people.
 Diseases linked to poor sanitation and hygiene had a significant impact on children’s
health and education. These infections contribute to malnutrition. These parasites prevent
the child body from absorbing nutrients from the food that they eat.
Source:
 The Open University, (2016). The Effects of Poor Sanitation and Waste
Management. Retrieved from
www.open.edu/openlearncreate/mo/oucontent/view.php?
id=80399&printable=1
3. Philippines is the 3rd country which pollutes the ocean the most.
This data was featured in these articles:
 Winn, P. (2016, April 4). Five Countries dump More Plastics Into the
Oceans than the Rest of the World Combined. Global Post. Retrieved
from https://www.pri.org/stories/2016-01-13/5-countries-dump-more-
plastic-oceans-the-rest-world-combined
 World Atlas (2018). Countries Putting the Most Plastic Waste into the
Oceans. Retrieved from https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/countries-
putting-the-most-plastic-waste-into-the-oceans.html
 McCarthy, N. (2017, December 11). Countries Polluting the Ocean the
Most. Statistica. Retrieved from
https://www.statistica.com/chart/12211/the-countries-polluting-the-
oceans-the-most/
4. It is a common problem that has not been solved.
 27% of 1,515 of local government units comply with RA 9003.
Source:
 Department of Budget and Management (2014)

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CASE DIGEST: IMPROPER WASTE

MANAGEMENT IN THE PHILIPPINES

2. The Philippines is a major contributor of the plastics in the ocean.

Greenpeace, an environmental group, ranked Philippines as the “3 rd worst polluter

I. DAO 1998-49/ Technical Guidelines For Municipal Solid Waste Disposal

III. RA 9003/ Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000

V. AO 1993-90/ Creating a project management office on Solid Waste Management

A. Piles of garbage in public places are an aftermath of special events in the

 Tupas, T. (2015, January 19). Ecowaste Deplores Pile of Garbage Left at

B. Improper waste disposal is a major cause of floods in the Philippines.

 Cordero, J. (2016, May 21). Improper Garbage Disposal Remains Major

B. These cities implement “No Segregation, No Collection Policy”

 Palatino, C (2016, November 4). Puerto Princesa to Implement Stricter Waste

 Philippines Humanitarian Bulletin, (2016). Above Normal Rainfall and Strong

 Sudden Flood in Tabunok Talisay City Cebu (October 2, 2017)

Photographed by Bernadette Photographed by Maybelle Photographed by Charish

2. It brings diseases to people.

4. It is a common problem that has not been solved.

 27% of 1,515 of local government units comply with RA 9003.

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