4.4 Understanding The Gas Law: Property of Gas Volume, V
4.4 Understanding The Gas Law: Property of Gas Volume, V
4.4 Understanding The Gas Law: Property of Gas Volume, V
Pα1
V
That is PV = constant Small volume
molecules hit wall
Or P V = P V more often, greater
1 1 2 2
pressure
1. Boyle’s law states that for a fixed mass of gas, the pressure of the gas is inversely
proportional to its volume when the temperature is kept constant.
2. Boyle’s law can be shown graphically as in Figure above
P
P
0 V 0 1/V
3. The volume of an air bubble at the base of a sea of 50 m deep is 250cm 3. If the
atmospheric pressure is 10m of water, find the volume of the air bubble when it
reaches the surface of the sea.
P2= 10m
P1V1 = P2V2
60m (250 x 10-6)m3 = 10m x V2
PI=50m + 10m
1.5 x 10-3 m3 = V2
V1=250cm3
4.4.2 Charles’s Law
VαT
that is V = constant
T
Higher temperature,
Relationship between faster molecules,
volume and temperature larger volume to keep
the pressure constant
Lower temperature
1. Charles’ law states that for a fixed mass of gas, the volume of the gas is directly
proportional to its absolute temperature when its pressure is kept constant.
2. The temperature -2730C is the lowest possible temperature and is known as the
absolute zero of temperature.
3. Fill the table below.
Temperature Celsius scale (0C) Kelvin Scale(K)
Absolute zero -273 0
Ice point 0 273
Steam point 100 373
Unknown point θ ( θ + 273 )
Pα T
That is P = constant
T
Higher
temperature
molecules move
faster, greater
Relationship between pressure
pressure and temperature
1. The pressure law states that for a fixed mass of gas, the pressure of the gas is
directly proportional to its absolute temperature when its volume is kept constant.
2. The volume of an air bubble at the base of a sea of 50 m in deep is 200 cm 3. If the
atmospheric pressure is 10 m of water, find the volume of the air bubble when it reaches
the surface of the sea.
P1V1 = P2V2
(50 +10)(200) = (10)V2
V2 = 1200 cm3
5. A gas of volume 20m3 at 370C is heated until its temperature becomes 870C at
constant pressure. What is the increase in volume?
V1 = V2 , 20 = V2 .
0 0
T1 T2 37 + 273 87 + 273
V2 = 23.23 m3
6. The air pressure in a container at 33 0C is 1.4 X 1O5 N m-2. The container is heated
until the temperature is 550C. What is the final air pressure if the volume of the container
is fixed?
P1 = P2 , 1.4 x 105 = P2 .
7. The volume of a gas is 1 cm3 at 150C. The gas is heated at fixed pressure until the
volume becomes triple the initial volume. Calculate the final temperature of the gas.
V1 = V2 , 1 = 3 .
0
T1 T2 15 + 273 T2
T2 =864K
T2 =2 + 273
2 = T2 – 273
= 864 - 273
2 = 591 0C
8. An enclosed container contains a fixed mass of gas at 250C and at the atmospheric
pressure. The container is heated and temperature of the gas increases to 980C. Find the
new pressure of the gas if the volume of the container is constant.(Atmospheric pressure
= 1.0 X 105N rn2)
P1 = P2 , 1.0 x 105 = P2 .