Musical Composition, Music Composition, or Simply Composition, Can Refer To

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Musical composition, music composition, or simply composition, can refer to

an original piece or work of music,[1] either vocal or instrumental, the structure of a musical piece,


or to the process of creating or writing a new piece of music. People who create new
compositions are called composers. Composers of primarily songs are usually called songwriters;
[2][3]
 with songs, the person who writes lyrics for a song is the lyricist. In many cultures, including
Western classical music, the act of composing typically includes the creation of music notation,
such as a sheet music "score," which is then performed by the composer or by other musicians.
In popular music and traditional music, songwriting may involve the creation of a basic outline of
the song, called the lead sheet, which sets out the melody, lyrics and chord progression. In
classical music, orchestration (choosing the instruments of a large music ensemble such as
an orchestra which will play the different parts of music, such as the
melody, accompaniment, countermelody, bassline and so on) is typically done by the composer,
but in musical theatre and in pop music, songwriters may hire an arranger to do the orchestration.
In some cases, a pop or traditional songwriter may not use written notation at all, and instead
compose the song in their mind and then play, sing or record it from memory. In jazz and popular
music, notable sound recordings by influential performers are given the weight that written or
printed scores play in classical music.
Although a musical composition often uses musical notation and has a single author, this is not
always the case. A work of music can have multiple composers, which often occurs in popular
music when all members of a band collaborate to write a song, or in musical theatre, when one
person writes the melodies, a second person writes the lyrics, and a third person orchestrates the
songs. A piece of music can also be composed with words, images, or, since the 20th century,
with computer programs that explain or notate how the singer or musician should create musical
sounds. Examples range from 20th century avant-garde music that uses graphic notation, to text
compositions such as Karlheinz Stockhausen's Aus den sieben Tagen, to computer programs
that select sounds for musical pieces. Music that makes heavy use of randomness and chance is
called aleatoric music, and is associated with contemporary composers active in the 20th century,
such as John Cage, Morton Feldman, and Witold Lutosławski. A more commonly known example
of chance-based music is the sound of wind chimes jingling in a breeze. The study of composition
has traditionally been dominated by examination of methods and practice of Western classical
music, but the definition of composition is broad enough to include the creation of popular music
and traditional music songs and instrumental pieces, and to include spontaneously improvised
works like those of free jazz performers and African percussionists such as Ewe drummers.

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