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Lab Manual 12

1. The document describes an experiment using LTSpice to simulate an RC circuit with different capacitor values and observe the effect on the time constant and charging/discharging behavior. 2. The circuit uses a voltage source configured to apply 1V for 10ms, then 0V, in a repeating pulse to charge and discharge a capacitor through a 1kΩ resistor. 3. Plots and calculations of the time constant are shown for capacitors of 220nF, 1uF, and 50nF to understand the exponential charging behavior and how it depends on the RC time constant.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Ali
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
49 views

Lab Manual 12

1. The document describes an experiment using LTSpice to simulate an RC circuit with different capacitor values and observe the effect on the time constant and charging/discharging behavior. 2. The circuit uses a voltage source configured to apply 1V for 10ms, then 0V, in a repeating pulse to charge and discharge a capacitor through a 1kΩ resistor. 3. Plots and calculations of the time constant are shown for capacitors of 220nF, 1uF, and 50nF to understand the exponential charging behavior and how it depends on the RC time constant.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EXPERIMENT #12: RC Circuits

TASK 1: RC circuit DC behaviour

1. Build the circuit model shown above in LTSpice. You already know how to place a
resistor. For placing capacitor, click on the capacitor icon next to the resistor icon and
place it and set its value to 220n (the units are understood to be farads).
2. A special voltage source is used here in order to keep voltage source 0V in the
beginning, and 1V after a specified time (10ms in this case). For this purpose, click
the component icon and type “voltage” in the text box. You should see the following
component selected:
Click OK and place it as shown in the above circuit.
3. To configure the voltage source, right-click on it; the following dialog box should
appear:

Click “Advanced”; this will change the dialog box to the following:
:
Fill in the values of various text boxes as shown above. Without going into too much
detail, this configures the voltage source to turn on at t = 10ms and remain on for 1s.
Turning on here means its voltage changes from 0V to 1V at t = 10ms.
4. Run simulation with stop time of 20ms (i.e. write 20m in the stop time text box). In
the simulation, plot the voltage of the voltage source as well as the capacitor. You
should see results similar to the following:

Here, the voltage of the voltage source is in green, and the voltage of the capacitor is
in blue. Note how the capacitor voltage does not instantly change to 1V like a simple
resistive load, instead it increases at an exponential rate.
5. Calculate the time constant = , and also explain, using pen and paper, how this
time constant is derived (using solution of first order differential equation of RC
circuit); this also mathematically explains why the capacitor voltage increases at an
exponential rate. In addition, you are required to provide the intuitive reasoning
behind it in terms of the accumulation of charge on capacitor plates.
6. Change Ton(s) in the above dialog box to 5m and Tperiod(s) to 10m. This produces a
“pulse train” with the voltage being 1V for 5ms, then 0V for 5ms, and repeating this
pattern. Run simulation with stop time of 40m, display the voltages of the voltage
source and the capacitor and submit screenshots of this result along with your circuit
simulation file. Also explain the discharging behaviour (decrease in voltage) of the
capacitor voltage, observed in these results after the charging phase, using pen and
paper.
7. Change the capacitance of the capacitor to 1µF (i.e. enter 1u in the Capacitance(F)
text box). Plot the above voltages again, take screenshot and submit results. Also
explain how and why the results are different from the 220nF case, using pen and
paper.
8. Repeat the previous step for capacitance value of 50nF, and record the results in the
form of a table as shown below:
Table 1: RC circuit parameters
Capacitance (F) time constant =
220n
1µ
50n

R = 1k for all cases. Construct and fill table using pen and paper.

Submission Instructions:
Submit a report including:
1. Your name and roll number
2. Clear pictures of handwritten work
3. Screenshots of the LTSpice circuits and simulation results
Submit the report in pdf format and name it as rollnumber_labnumber, for example,
2018CH001_lab11.pdf.
Also submit the LTSpice circuit simulation files.

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