Smart IOT Device for Child Safety and Tracking

Abstract:

Child safety and tracking is a major concern as the more number of crimes on children
are reported nowadays. With this motivation, a smart IoT device for child safety and tracking is
developed to help the parents to locate and monitor their children. The system is developed using
arduino uno programmed in embedded C and interfaced with temperature, heartbeat, touch
sensors and also GPS, GSM & digital camera modules. The novelty of the work is that the
system automatically alerts the parent/caretaker by sending SMS, when immediate attention is
required for the child during emergency. The parameters such as touch, temperature &heartbeat
of the child are used for parametric analysis and results are plotted for the same. The above
system ensures the safety and tracking of children.

Introduction:
Internet of Things (IoT) plays a major role in every day to day life. The major difference
between IoT and embedded system is that a dedicated protocol/software is embedded in the chip
in case of embedded system, whereas, IoT devices are smart devices, which are able to take
decisions by sensing the environment around the device. The development of sensors
technology, availability of internet connected devices; data analysis algorithms make IoT devices
to act smart in emergency situations without human interventions. So, IoT devices are applied in
different fields such as agriculture, medical, industrial, security and communication applications.
IoT systems are useful within a system to do deeper automation, analysis, and integration. IoT
contributes to technology by advances in software, hardware and modern tools. It even uses
existing and upcoming technology in the fields of sensing, networking and robotics. IoT brings
global changes by its advanced elements in the social, economic, and political impact of the
users.

Child and women safety is a challenging problem nowadays due to antisocial elements in
the society. The crime rate is day by day increasing. Schools and working places need high
surveillance for ensuring the safety among children and women. Smart phones are playing major
role for ensuring the safety, where some mobile based applications provide alert systems. During
the emergency, mobile apps alert the control room of nearby police station or caretakers of
children. The literature shows that location tracking devices are available in the market, but it
does not provide the complete solution to the problem. The solution to this problem is to design
an IoT device, which senses the child’s location and environment and during emergency, it
should send the alert to the parents automatically.

Internet of things

Internet of things is one of the most important technologies of the 21st century. It is
trending everywhere. It is basically an environment in which simple physical objects are made
capable enough to get accessed through internet. The physical objects are assigned with an IP
address to make them able for collecting and transferring data over internet without any manual
assistance or intervention.

Internet of things could also be considered as collection of physical objects, controller,

sensors, actuators and internet in appropriate and required manner. The Internet of Things
permits articles to be detected and controlled remotely crosswise over existing system
framework, making open doors for a more straight forward combination between the physical
world and PC based frameworks and bringing about enhanced effectiveness, exactness and
monetary advantage. It contributes to improved customer engagement, enhancing data collection,
technology optimization and reducing waste.

And we are making use of this technology in our proposed project. "Most physical
parameters which are required in a nursery could be measured via programmed sensors. This
includes temperature, light, soil dampness, and relative mugginess. Precipitation can likewise be
distinguished, in spite of the fact that it is to some degree less normal. All the said physical
factors are inspected and put away electronically at general interims when something is evolving.
In general, the estimations give a significant decent information yield photo of the physical part
of the nursery edit framework. This proposed a commitment to the advancement of nursery
observation.

Literature survey:

The review of literature for child safety and location tracking devices are discussed
below. the parent can send a message to the GSM module, according to the message information
the GSM module reply back with particular details of the children. The location can be seen on
the Google map. When a particular child is facing an emergency situation, device button should
be pressed so that the device captures the image along with the user information to the enrolled
mobile numbers. The life of the child can be saved within no time. , for the children point of
view GPS, GPRS and GSM are used to monitor the speed and location tracking purpose. The
system is fixed on the bus or car or in any vehicle so that the vehicle is going on routine route or
not can be identified by the GPS tracker, the speed of the bus can also be extracted. Now-a-days
the digital technology plays a major role for connecting persons via internet. For tracking the
children, the android based solution is provided to parents. Internet is the one that will connects
different components through a single device and is connected to server. Parents track their
children in real time of the location tracker by GSM and the microcontroller used is ARM-7
LPC2148. In day to day scenario, missing child cases are increasing gradually. Child caring is a
major issue. Different types of methods are introduced to find good solutions. There have been
many Methods and systems implemented to solve it.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

The counter should be started for counting time. The sensors output data should be read
from the child safety device. The counter time should be checked for time interval of 30minutes.
For every 30minutes except serial camera, the data from GPS, temperature, touch, pulse rate data
is pushed into the cloud. The monitoring parameters are displayed on webpage. The counter is
reset to restart the timer. So as to post the data into the cloud for every 30minutes. The sensors
data is continuously read by the controller. When the value of temperature read from the sensor
crosses the threshold1, notification messages are sent. The threshold value of the temperature is
considered here is 38°C. Similarly, when the touch sensor value is crocess threshold2,
notification messages are sent. Threshold of the touch sensor is considered here is 100. The Pulse
rate intervel is analog value from the sensor, it is converted into the beats per minute (BPM) by
formulae.

BPM = (1.0/Pulse Intervel) * 60.0 * 1000

The pulse rateintervel and the BPM are inversely proportional to each other. If the pulse
rateintervel of the child decreases then BPM increases. Pulse rate of the Child is less than the
threshold3, then device gives an notification message to the parents mobile
phone.Afternotification message an MMS is sentto mobile phone module which consists of an
image indicating the surrounding area of the child. Three throusholds are used threshold1 is 38°C
for Temperature sensor, threshold2 is 100 for Touch sensor and threshold3 is 400 for Heartbeat
sensor.
Objectives :

 Ease of accessing and simplicity on maintenance

 Advanced connectivity of physical objects over a wide network.
 To maintain the history of parameter records
 Constantly monitor chail Child Behaviour and Health Monitoring

Advantages of the proposed system:

The ability to locate and track your child in real time is all made possible with IoT-enabled
technology.

They are many other benefits that IoT-enabled child tracks include;

 Keeps track of children in case of abduction

 Allows children more freedom while being watched
 Monitors children with special needs who wander
 Helps monitor children with behavioural problems
 Gives peace of mind to parents
 Block diagram

touch sensors

Esp8266

temperature

heartbeat GPS, GSM

Arduino mega

Serial camara

Mobile
supply

Block diagram of the proposed system

Description for controller:

 Arduino Mega 2560 is a Microcontroller board based on Atmega2560. It comes with

more memory space and I/O pins as compared to other boards available in the market.

 There are 54 digital I/O pins and 16 analog pins incorporated on the board that make this
device unique and stand out from others.

 Out of 54 digital I/O, 15 are used for PWM (pulse width modulation).

 A crystal oscillator of 16MHz frequency is added on the board.

 This board comes with USB cable port that is used to connect and transfer code from
computer to the board.
 DC power jack is coupled with the board that is used to power the board. Some version of
Arduino board lacks this feature like Arduino Pro Mini doesn’t come with DC power jack.

 ICSP header is a remarkable addition to Arduino Mega which is used for programming
the Arduino and uploading the code from the computer.

Methodology:

Block
Diagram

Hardware
testing as per
project

Test Code
preparation for
Peripherals

Logic
Development
as per project

Final Testing of
the project as
per Conditions

 Able to control the servo motor to turn the direction of RC car front wheels to move left
and right.
  Able to control the DC motor using L298N motor driver to move the RC car forward and
backward.

 Android application is created to control the RC car.

 Android application able to communicate with renesas microcontroller

Hardware :

 Arduino mega 2560

 Temperature Sensors
 ESP8266 (Node MCU)
 Touch sensors
 Heartbeat

Software :

 Arduino ide

Conclusion and futurescope :

This research demonstrates Smart IoT device for child safety and tracking helping the parents
to locate and monitor their children. If any abnormal values are read by the sensor then an
SMS is sent to the parents mobile and an MMS indicating an image captured by the serial
camera is also sent. The future scope of the work is to implement the IoT device which
ensures the complete solution for child safety problems.
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