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    17-10 Administrative Distance

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    richard akpagni
    Here are the key steps to configure floating static routes in this lab topology: 1. Configure OSPF routing between all routers so they learn routes to each other and to networks behind each other. Verify routes are learned via OSPF. 2. On R4, configure a static default route with an AD of 115 to point to R5. This will act as a backup in case the OSPF learned route fails. ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.3.2 115 3. Bring down the link between R3 and R4 to test that R4 uses the static route through R5 as a backup when OSPF route

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    17-10 Administrative Distance

    Uploaded by

    richard akpagni
    39 views13 pages
    Here are the key steps to configure floating static routes in this lab topology: 1. Configure OSPF routing between all routers so they learn routes to each other and to networks behind each other. Verify routes are learned via OSPF. 2. On R4, configure a static default route with an AD of 115 to point to R5. This will act as a backup in case the OSPF learned route fails. ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.3.2 115 3. Bring down the link between R3 and R4 to test that R4 uses the static route through R5 as a backup when OSPF route

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    17-10+Administrative+Distance

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    Here are the key steps to configure floating static routes in this lab topology: 1. Configure OSPF routing between all routers so they learn routes to each other and to networks behind each other. Verify routes are learned via OSPF. 2. On R4, configure a static default route with an AD of 115 to point to R5. This will act as a backup in case the OSPF learned route fails. ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.3.2 115 3. Bring down the link between R3 and R4 to test that R4 uses the static route through R5 as a backup when OSPF route

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    39 views13 pages

    17-10 Administrative Distance

    Uploaded by

    richard akpagni
    Here are the key steps to configure floating static routes in this lab topology: 1. Configure OSPF routing between all routers so they learn routes to each other and to networks behind each other. Verify routes are learned via OSPF. 2. On R4, configure a static default route with an AD of 115 to point to R5. This will act as a backup in case the OSPF learned route fails. ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.3.2 115 3. Bring down the link between R3 and R4 to test that R4 uses the static route through R5 as a backup when OSPF route

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    of 13

    Metric

    A router will typically only learn routes to a particular destination from a


    single routing protocol
    When multiple routes to a destination are learned through a routing
    protocol, the router will install the path or paths with the best (lowest)
    metric into the routing table
    Different routing protocols use different methods to calculate the metric
    Metric

    For example in RIP, path A>B>C>D has a hop count of 3, path A>B>D has a
    hop count of 2, so A>B>D would be preferred
    In OSPF, if path A>B>C>D has a cost of 60, and path A>B>D has a cost of
    100, then A>B>C>D would be used
    Administrative Distance
    If paths to the same destination are received from different routing
    protocols, their metrics cannot be compared
    For example, a RIP hop count of 5 cannot be compared to an OSPF cost of
    60. The comparison would be meaningless because the routing protocols
    calculate the metric in completely different ways
    The router must use a different method to choose when routes to the
    same destination are received from different routing protocols
    The Administrative Distance (AD) is used for this
    Administrative Distance

    The Administrative Distance is a measure of how trusted the routing


    protocol is
    If routes to the same destination are received via different routing
    protocols, the protocol with the best (lowest) AD wins
    Default Administrative Distance

    Route Source Default AD


    Connected Interface 0
    Static Route 1
    External BGP 20
    EIGRP 90
    OSPF 110
    IS-IS 115
    RIP 120
    Administrative Distance and Metric

    Administrative Distance is used to choose between multiple paths


    learned via different routing protocols
    Metric is used to choose between multiple paths learned via the same
    protocol
    The Administrative Distance is considered first to narrow the choice
    down to the single best routing protocol
    The Metric is then considered to choose the best path or paths which
    make it into the routing table
    Show ip route
    R1#sh ip route
    Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
    D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
    N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
    E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
    i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
    ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
    o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP
    + - replicated route, % - next hop override Connected interfaces
    Gateway of last resort is not set
    have an AD of 0

    10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 12 subnets, 2 masks


    C 10.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
    L 10.0.0.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
    R 10.1.0.0/24 [120/1] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/0
    R 10.1.1.0/24 [120/2] via 10.0.0.2, 00:00:00, FastEthernet0/0

    Administrative Distance Metric


    Administrative Distance Example

    Example: A router receives multiple routes to the 10.10.10.0/24 network


    from both OSPF and RIP
    When paths to the same destination are received from multiple routing
    protocols, the Administrative Distance is considered first
    OSPF has a better AD than RIP so the RIP routes will be discarded
    Administrative Distance Example

    The router will then compare the routes received via OSPF and install the
    one with the lowest cost in the routing table
    If multiple equal cost paths are received via OSPF they will all be installed
    in the routing table and the router will load balance outbound traffic to
    the destination between them
    Floating Static Routes

    If the best path to a destination is lost (for example because a link went
    down) it will be removed from the routing table and replaced with the
    next best route
    We might want to configure a static route as a backup for the route
    learned via a routing protocol
    A problem is that static routes have a default Administrative Distance of 1
    which will always be preferred over routes learned via an IGP
    Floating Static Routes – OSPF
    We can change the Administrative Distance of a static route to make it
    act as the backup (rather than the preferred) route
    Floating static route for OSPF example
    R4(config)#ip route 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.3.2 115

    100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps FE1/0


    10.0.1.1/24
    10.1.1.0/24 10.1.0.0/24 10.0.0.0/24
    10.1.2.1/24 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1
    R4 R3 R2 R1
    FE1/0 FE0/0 FE0/0 FE1/0 FE1/0 FE0/0 FE0/0
    FE2/0
    FE2/0 FE3/0 10.0.2.1/24
    10.1.3.1/24 10.0.3.1/24
    NO OSPF SUPPORT
    10 Mbps 10 Mbps
    R5
    FE2/0 FE3/0
    10.1.3.2/24 10.0.3.2/24
    Floating Static Routes – Static Routes
    Floating static routes can also be used where we are using purely static
    routing
    ip route 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2
    ip route 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.3.2 5

    100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps FE1/0


    10.0.1.1/24
    10.1.1.0/24 10.1.0.0/24 10.0.0.0/24
    10.1.2.1/24 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1
    R4 R3 R2 R1
    FE1/0 FE0/0 FE0/0 FE1/0 FE1/0 FE0/0 FE0/0
    FE2/0
    FE2/0 FE3/0 10.0.2.1/24
    10.1.3.1/24 10.0.3.1/24

    10 Mbps 10 Mbps
    R5
    FE2/0 FE3/0
    10.1.3.2/24 10.0.3.2/24
    Lab

    100 Mbps 100 Mbps 100 Mbps FE1/0


    10.0.1.1/24
    10.1.1.0/24 10.1.0.0/24 10.0.0.0/24
    10.1.2.1/24 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .1
    R4 R3 R2 R1
    FE1/0 FE0/0 FE0/0 FE1/0 FE1/0 FE0/0 FE0/0
    FE2/0
    FE2/0 FE3/0 10.0.2.1/24
    10.1.3.1/24 10.0.3.1/24

    10 Mbps 10 Mbps
    R5
    FE2/0 FE3/0
    10.1.3.2/24 10.0.3.2/24

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