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First Normal Form

Database normalization is a technique for organizing data in a database to eliminate redundancy and undesirable attributes like data anomalies. It involves decomposing tables and putting data into tabular form without duplicated data. The goals are to eliminate redundant data and ensure data dependencies make sense logically. There are three normal forms - first normal form requires each column have a unique value as a primary key to distinguish rows; second normal form requires no partial dependency on a concatenated primary key; and third normal form removes transitive functional dependencies to reduce duplication and ensure integrity.

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Mandattil Keeri Snigdha
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43 views2 pages

First Normal Form

Database normalization is a technique for organizing data in a database to eliminate redundancy and undesirable attributes like data anomalies. It involves decomposing tables and putting data into tabular form without duplicated data. The goals are to eliminate redundant data and ensure data dependencies make sense logically. There are three normal forms - first normal form requires each column have a unique value as a primary key to distinguish rows; second normal form requires no partial dependency on a concatenated primary key; and third normal form removes transitive functional dependencies to reduce duplication and ensure integrity.

Uploaded by

Mandattil Keeri Snigdha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database Normalization is a technqiue of organizing tha data in the datbase.

Normalization is a
systematic approach of decomposing tables to eliminate data redundancy and undesirable
characteristics like Insertion, Update and Deletion Anomalies. It is a multi-step process that puts data
into tabular form by removing duplicated data from the relational tables. Normalization is used for
mainly two purpose,<br>

*Eliminating redundant(useless) data.<br>

*Ensuring data dependencies make sense i.e data is logically stored.

Normalization rule are divided into following normal form.<br>

1. First Normal Form<br>

2.Second Normal Form<br>

3.Third Normal Form<br>

First normal form:


<p><u>First Normal Form(1NF):</u></p>

As per First Normal Form, no two rows of data must contain repeating group of information i.e each set
of column must have a unique value, such that multiple columns cannot be used to fetch the same row.
Each table should be organized into rows, and each row should have a primary key that distinguishes it
as unique.<br><br>

The <em>Primary key</em> is usually a single column, but sometimes more than one column can be
combined to create a single primary key. For example consider a table which is not in First normal form

<br>
Second normal form:
<p><u>Second Normal Form:</u></p><br>

As per the Second Normal Form there must not be any partial dependency of any column on primary
key. It means that for a table that has concatenated primary key, each column in the tabe that is not
part of the primary key must depend on the entire concantenated key for its existence. If any column
depends only on one part of the concantenated key, then the table fails Second Normal Form.<br>

In example of First Normal Form there are

Third normal from:


<p><u>Third Normal Form:</u></p>

Third Normal Form applies that every non-prime attribute of table must be dependent on primary key,
or we can say that , there should not be the case that a non-prime attribute is determined by another
non-prime attribute. So this <em>transitive functional dependency</em> should be removed from the
table and also the table must be in Second Normal Form.<br>

The advantage of removing transitive dependency is:<br>

<strong>.</strong>Amount of data dupication is reduced.

<strong>.</strong>Data integrity achieved.

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