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Code No: Z0221/R07 Set No. 1

I B.Tech Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2013
APPLIED PHYSICS
(Common to EEE,ECE,CSE,EIE,BME,IT,E.Con.E,CSS,ETM,ECC and
ICE)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Derive the expression for the inter-planar distance in terms of Miller indices
for a cubic structure.
(b) Sketch the planes (0 0 1), (1 2 0), (2 1 1) and (1 1 0) of a cubic unit cell.
(c) Calculate the ratio d100 : d110 : d111 for a simple cubic structure. [8+4+4]

electron.

e r
2. (a) Derive one-dimensional, time independent Schrodinger wave equation for an

n k
(b) Show that the energies of a particle in a potential box, are quantized.
(c) An electron is confined to a one dimensional potential box of length 2.12 Å .

a
Calculate the energies (in eV) corresponding to the second and fourth quantum
states. [6+6+4]

3. (a) Explain the terms

i.

s t
mean free path
R
ii.
iii.

i r
relaxation time
drift velocity and

F
iv. mobility of an electron in a metal.
(b) Discuss the various drawbacks of classical free electron theory of metals and
explain the assumptions made in quantum theory to overcome the drawbacks.
[8+8]

4. (a) Explain the following:

i. Dielectric constant
ii. Electric susceptibility,
iii. Electric Polarization and
iv. Polarizability.
(b) Write notes on:
i. Ferro-electricity and
ii. Piezo-electricity. [6+10]

5. (a) Explain the critical parameters and their significance in superconductors.

(b) Write notes on:
i. isotope effect and

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Code No: Z0221/R07 Set No. 1

ii. energy gap, in superconductors.
(c) A Josephson junction having a voltage of 8.50 µV across its terminals, then
calculate the frequency of the alternating current. [Planck’s constant = 6.626
×10−34 J-sec] [4+8+4]

6. (a) Distinguish between spontaneous emission and stimulated emission..

(b) Distinguish between homo-junction semiconductor laser and hetero-junction
semiconductor laser.
(c) Calculate the wavelength of emitted radiation from GaAs which has a band
gap of 1.44 eV. [4+8+4]

7. (a) Describe the structure of an optical fiber.

(b) Explain, in detail, the basic principle of an optical fiber.
(c) Write the applications of fiber optics in medicine and industry. [6+6+4]

e r
8. (a) Explain, in detail, the various properties of nanomaterials.

n k
(b) Describe briefly, the various types of carbon nanotubes. [10+6]

a
?????

s t R
i r
F

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Code No: Z0221/R07 Set No. 2

I B.Tech Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2013
APPLIED PHYSICS
(Common to EEE,ECE,CSE,EIE,BME,IT,E.Con.E,CSS,ETM,ECC and
ICE)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Explain the terms

i. basis
ii. space lattice
iii. lattice parameters and

r
iv. unit cell.
(b) Describe the seven crystal systems with diagrams.

k e
2. (a) Derive one-dimensional, time independent Schrodinger wave equation for an
[6+10]

n
electron.

a
(b) Deduce the expression for energy of an electron confined to a potential box of
width ‘d’.

width 0.1 nm.

s t R
(c) Find the lowest energy of an electron confined to a one-dimensional box of
[6+6+4]

i r
3. (a) Explain the terms
i. mean free path and

F
ii. relaxation time of an electron in a metal.
(b) Describe the salient features of the ‘free electron gas’ model of metals
(c) Write the drawbacks of Drude-Lorentz free electron theory of metals. [6+6+4]

4. (a) Explain the terms:

i. Magnetic flux density
ii. Magnetic field strength
iii. Magnetization and
iv. Magnetic susceptibility. How they are related to each other?
(b) What are hard and soft magnetic materials? Give their characteristic proper-
ties and applications.
(c) The magnetic field strength in silicon is 1000 amp/m. If the magnetic field
susceptibility is -0.3 × 10−5 , calculate the magnetization and flux density in
silicon. [permeability of vacuum = 4π × 10−7 H/m] [6+6+4]

5. (a) Distinguish between drift and diffusion currents in a semiconductor. Deduce

Einstein’s equation relating these two currents.

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Code No: Z0221/R07 Set No. 2

(b) The electron concentration in an n-type semiconductor is 5 ×1017 per m3 .
Calculate the conductivity of the material if the drift velocity of electron is
350 m/s in an electric field of 1000 V/m. [12+4]

6. (a) Explain the need of a cavity resonator in a laser.

(b) With the help of a suitable diagram describe the construction and working of
a semiconductor laser.
(c) Write any four applications of laser. [4+8+4]

7. (a) What are important features of optical fibers?

(b) Describe the communication process using optical fibers.
(c) Write the uses of fiber optics in different fields. [4+6+6]

8. (a) What are nanomaterials? Explain.

size?

e r
(b) How the physical and chemical properties of nano-particles vary with their
[6+10]

?????

n k
R a
r s t
F i

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Code No: Z0221/R07 Set No. 3

I B.Tech Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2013
APPLIED PHYSICS
(Common to EEE,ECE,CSE,EIE,BME,IT,E.Con.E,CSS,ETM,ECC and
ICE)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Plot and explain the variation of (i) attractive potential energy (ii) repulsive
potential energy and (iii) resultant potential energy with inter-atomic distance,
when two atoms are brought nearer.
(b) The Madelung constant of KCl is 1.75. Its neighbour separation is 0.314 nm.
Find the cohesive energy per atom. [Given that the Repulsive exponent value

= 3.6 eV]

e r
= 5.77; Ionization energy of potassium = 4.1 eV; Electron affinity of chlorine
[10+6]

electron.

n k
2. (a) Derive one-dimensional, time independent Schrodinger wave equation for an

a
(b) Show that the energies of a particle in a potential box, are quantized.
(c) An electron is confined to a one dimensional potential box of length 2.12 Å .

R
t
Calculate the energies (in eV) corresponding to the second and fourth quantum

s
states. [6+6+4]

i r
3. (a) Derive an expression for conductivity of a metal on the basis of classical free
electron theory.

F
(b) Write the draw backs of classical free electron theory.
(c) The relaxation time of electrons in a conductor at 300 K is equal to 1.99 ×
10−14 sec. Determine the electrical conductivity of that conductor. [Concen-
tration of electrons = 8.5 × 1028 per m3 ] [8+4+4]

4. (a) What is meant by polarization of a dielectric material? Describe the different

mechanisms of polarization in a dielectric.
(b) How ferroelectrics are different from ordinary dielectrics? [10+6]

5. (a) Write a note on intrinsic semiconductors.

(b) Derive an expression for the number of electrons per unit volume in the con-
duction band of an intrinsic semiconductor. [6+10]

6. (a) Explain the characteristics of a LASER.

(b) Describe the construction and working of CO2 laser.
(c) Write any four applications of laser. [4+8+4]

7. (a) Derive an expression for the ‘numerical aperture’ of an optical fiber.

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Code No: Z0221/R07 Set No. 3

(b) Explain the advantages of optical communication system.
(c) The numerical aperture of an optical fiber is 0.39. If the difference in the
refractive indices of the material of its core and the cladding is 0.05, calculate
the refractive index of material of the core, when the light is launched into it
in air. [8+4+4]

8. (a) Explain, in detail, the various properties of nanomaterials.

(b) Describe briefly, the various types of carbon nanotubes. [10+6]

?????

e r
n k
R a
r s t
F i

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Code No: Z0221/R07 Set No. 4

I B.Tech Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2013
APPLIED PHYSICS
(Common to EEE,ECE,CSE,EIE,BME,IT,E.Con.E,CSS,ETM,ECC and
ICE)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Derive an expression for the inter-planar spacing in the case of a cubic struc-
ture.
(b) Draw (1 1 2) and (1 2 0) planes and [1 1 2] and [1 2 0] directions of a simple
cubic crystal.
(c) Calculate the glancing angle at (1 1 0) plane of a cubic crystal having an edge

the X-rays of wavelength of 0.065 nm.

e r
length of 0.26 mm corresponding to the second order diffraction maximum for
[8+4+4]

2. (a) Write short notes on:

i. Planck’s quantum theory and

n k
R a
ii. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle.
(b) Explain, in detail, the properties of matter waves. [10+6]

s t
3. (a) Write the assumptions of quantum free electron theory.

r
(b) Derive an expression for conductivity of a metal on the basis of Sommerfeld’s

F i
theory. [6+10]

4. (a) Derive Clausius-Mosotti relation in dielectrics subjected to static fields.

(b) Write notes on ‘frequency dependence of polarizability’.

5. (a) Write a note on extrinsic semiconductors.

[10+6]

(b) Derive an expression for the number of holes per unit volume in the valence
band of an intrinsic semiconductor. [6+10]

6. (a) Explain the characteristics of a LASER.

(b) Describe the construction and working of GaAs semiconductor laser.
(c) Write any four applications of laser. [4+8+4]

7. (a) Derive expressions for the numerical aperture of an optical fiber.

(b) Write a note on the applications of optical fibers.
(c) Calculate the fractional index change for a given optical fiber if the refractive
indices of the core and the cladding are 1.563 and 1.498 respectively. [8+4+4]

8. (a) What are nanomaterials? Explain.

(b) Describe the various types of carbon nanotubes.

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Code No: Z0221/R07 Set No. 4

(c) Explain the fabrication of carbon nanotubes. [4+6+6]

?????

e r
n k
R a
r s t
F i

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