VSP Workshop Inertias PDF
VSP Workshop Inertias PDF
VSP Workshop Inertias PDF
Inertia Calculation
Capability
Mark McMillin
NASA Langley Research Center
OpenVSP Workshop
NASA Ames Research Center
August 23-25, 2016
8/19/2016 McMillin 1
Outline
Motivation
Tool Set Interfaces
Inertia Calculation Verifications
Test Case
Considerations
8/19/2016 McMillin 2
Motivation
8/19/2016 McMillin 3
Tool Set Interfaces
8/19/2016 McMillin 4
Mass Properties Tool Set
Tools
Component
General Tab
Blank Component
Mass Tab
Analysis Menu
Comp Geom
Mass Properties
8/19/2016 McMillin 5
Inertia Calculation
Verifications
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Comparison to Analytic Solids and Shells
All shells and solids checked were accurate to at least three decimal places
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Comparison of Wing to CAD Computation
Solid Wing From OpenVSP Transferred to FreeCAD (OCC) via IGES (mm)
VSP
Volume 8.4471
Center of Mass (2.9477, 0.0, 0.0)
Inertia Matrix
(111.377, 0, 0)
(0, 12.184, 0)
(0, 0, 123.466)
FreeCAD
Volume 8.5253
Center of Mass (2.9378, 0.0, 0.0)
Inertia Matrix
(111.980, 0, 0)
(0, 12.318, 0)
(0, 0, 124.201)
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Test Case
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Test Case: CeRAS
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Test Case: 1979 AFRL Document
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Test Case: C5-A Example
Inputs
Mass statement
Geometry
Vehicle and component level inertias for comparison
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C5-A Model – Geometry
Geometry Parameters
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C5-A Model – Mass Breakdown
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C5-A Model – Point Masses
Blank components
Visual cg verification
Volumes included here
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C5-A Model – Distributed Masses
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VSP Inertia Comparison to C5-A from 1979 Paper
Point mass difference due to treating % diff 0.1 -2.9 -3.0 -3.0
Wing 3.685E+10 1.596E+11 1.791E+11 3.450E+10
avionics and furnishings as point VSP 3.673E+10 1.425E+11 1.594E+11 3.536E+10
masses % diff 0.3 10.7 11.0 -2.5
My experience
All component based inertias
Use of spreadsheet required
Used ~100 slices (default 10), but is still very fast
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Considerations
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VSP Mass PropertiesTools
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Way Forward
FreeCAD
Requires parts to be solids for inertias
Investigate OCC area moments of inertia (surfaces)
3-D printer ready!
An OpenVSP workbench inside of FreeCAD could
provide a very powerful “Best of both worlds”
scenario!
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Backup
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Mass Properties Tool for Leaps
Flexibility is paramount
Variety of mass breakdown structures
FLOPS
CPACS
Mission phase capability
Recommendation
Spreadsheet
Collect mass data from a variety of
sources and initialize VSP
Parallel Axis Transfer and summation of
VSP component data for inertia
8/19/2016 McMillin 23
C5-A Model – Mass Breakdown
CG Location Groups:
• Main and nose landing gear
Aircraft Weight Allocation Components: • Auxiliary power unit
• Horizontal tail structure • Starting system • Air conditioning
• Vertical tail structure • Auxiliary power • Auxiliary gear
• Fuselage structure unit • Gun
• Main gear • Instruments • Crew
• Nose gear • Hydraulics • Weapons
• Engine Nacelle & Pylons • Electrical • Fuel system (Centroid of fuselage fuel tank)
• Other structure • Electronics • Avionics bays
• Engine • Armament • Radar
• Aux gearboxes • Air conditioning • Furnishings & Equipment
• Exhaust system • Photographic • Photographic equipment
• Cooling & drain • Auxiliary gear • Other equipment
• Lubricating system • Other equipment • Liquid nitrogen
• Engine controls • Crew • Miscellaneous items
• Oil • Wing Pylons • Fuselage store and tank pylons
• Liquid Nitrogen • Ext Wing tanks • Fuselage external stores and tanks
• Miscellaneous • fuselage pylons • Wing store and tank pylons
• Payload • Ext Fuselage • Wing external stores and tanks
tanks • Internal Payload
• Guns
• Fuel
8/19/2016 McMillin 24
1979 AFRL Document – Slab wing
Wing, horizontal tail, and vertical tail groups are all common
surfaces. To define the shape of the surface the normal planview (one
side of wing and horizontal since they're symmetrical) is used. The
equations are derived for a trapezoidal panel with the thickness varying
linearly from root to tip. If a surface has edge or thickness breaks,
it should be separated into inner and outer trapezoidal panels with the
inertia of each calculated separately. The thickness is assumed
"constant as you go from leading to trailing edge and equal to the
maximum for that section.
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Early Considerations for Code Development
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TTT Uncertainty Demo
Minimum Wing Weight
OpenMDAO
1 2 3
Driver Data Products
1. Wing Parameters
OpenVSP 4 2. Mission Conditions
5
Geometry
3. Material Properties
WingDes 4. Vehicle Geometry
6
Aerodynamics 5. Vehicle Geometry
6. Aerodynamic Loads
AMMIT
7
Structures
7. Structural Weight
N2 Diagram
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Leverage Uncertainty Demo
OpenVSP
Geometry i i
i Flops i
i
Subsystems
AMMIT i
FreeCAD
• FLOPS Subsystems
N2 Diagram
• Spreadsheet Mass Prop Calculator
Tool
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