Designation: D 98 – 05

Standard Specification for

Calcium Chloride1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 98; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.

1. Scope MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage

1.1 This specification covers calcium chloride, technical 2.4 American Trucking Associations, Inc.:4
grade, typically used for, but not limited to, dust control, National Motor Freight Classification
stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning pur- 2.5 Uniform Classification Committee:
poses, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant. Uniform Freight Classification 5
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 3. Classification
standard.
1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this speci- 3.1 Type—Two types of calcium chloride are covered as
fication, values for chemical analysis shall be rounded to the follows:
nearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to the 3.1.1 Type S (Solid)—Flake, pellet or granular calcium
nearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method in chloride (CaCl2) in varying concentrations.
Practice E 29. 3.1.2 Type L (Liquid)—Water solutions of calcium chloride
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, in varying concentrations.
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes 3.2 Concentrations—Concentrations of Type S and Type L
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered calcium chloride shall be expressed as a percentage of the total.
as requirements of the standard. Type S shall be further expressed as Grades as in 3.3 and in
accordance with the chemical requirements of this specifica-
2. Referenced Documents tion.
2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 3.2.1 The concentrations of Type S (solid) calcium chloride
D 345 Test Method for Sampling and Testing Calcium are 77, 90, and 94 % minimum.
Chloride for Roads and Structural Applications 3.2.2 The concentrations of Type L (liquid) calcium chloride
E 449 Test Methods for Analysis of Calcium Chloride shall be specified by the purchaser (see Note 1).
2.2 Federal Standards:3 NOTE 1—Typical concentrations vary from 28 to 42 %.
UU-S-48 Sack, Shipping, Paper
3.3 Grades—Type S (solid) calcium chloride is graded as
PPP-B-35 Bag, Textile, Shipping, Burlap, Cotton, and Wa-
follows:
terproof Laminated
3.3.1 Grade 1, is 77 % minimum calcium chloride concen-
PPP-C-186 Containers, Packaging and Packing for Drugs,
tration of either Class A—Flake, or Class B—Granular.
Chemicals, and Pharmaceuticals
3.3.2 Grade 2, is 90 % minimum calcium chloride concen-
PPP-D-723 Drum, Fiber
tration of Class A—Flake, Class B—Pellet, Class
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
C—Granular, or Class D—Powder.
2.3 Military Standards:3
3.3.3 Grade 3 is 94 % minimum calcium chloride concen-
MIL-STD-105 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-
tration of Class A—Flake, Class B—Pellet, Class
tion by Attributes
C—Granular, or Class D—Powder.

1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
4. Ordering Information
and Paving Materials, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.31 on 4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
Calcium and Sodium Chlorides and other Deicing Materials. the following information:
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originally
approved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 98 – 98.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Trucking Association, Inc., 2200 Mill Rd., Alexan-
the ASTM website. dria, VA 22314.
3 5
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D, Available from Uniform Classification Committee, 212 Union Station, Chi-
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. cago, IL 60606.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

1
 D 98 – 05
4.1.1 This specification designation and date of issue, 7.2 When the purchaser elects to sample the material (solid
4.1.2 Type S (solid) or Type L (liquid) concentration, grade or liquid) after delivery, a tolerance of 1 % below the minimum
and class of calcium chloride required (see Sections 3), CaCl2 requirement shall apply, provided that the material has
4.1.3 Quantity of calcium chloride required, been analyzed correctly and transported per the requirements
4.1.4 Whether special sampling for inspection is required stated in 10.1.
(see Section 7), and
4.1.5 Whether special packaging and marking is required 8. Inspection
(see Section 10). 8.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase
5. Chemical Requirements order, the supplier shall be responsible for the performance of
all inspection requirements as specified herein.
5.1 The calcium chloride shall conform to the following 8.2 Except as otherwise specified, the supplier shall use his
requirements for chemical composition, except for the toler- own facilities or any commercial laboratory acceptable to the
ances stated in 7.2. purchaser for analysis of material. The purchaser reserves the
5.1.1 CaCl2 content, %–not less than the minimum concen- right to perform any of the inspections set forth in this
tration specified, nor greater than the maximum concentration specification where such inspections are deemed necessary to
specified (when a maximum is specified). ensure that supplies and services conform to the prescribed
5.1.2 Impurity content, %–specified relative to the amount requirements.
of active ingredient (CaCl2) in the product, (see 5.2 for
example calculations): 9. Rejection
Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), max, % 6.0
Total magnesium as MgCl2, max, % 0.5 9.1 The calcium chloride shall be subject to rejection if it
Calcium hydroxide, max, % 0.2 fails to conform to any of the requirements of this specification
5.1.2.1 Limits on other impurities shall be specified by the or, in the case of the solid forms, if it has become caked or
purchaser according to requirements specific to the end use. sticky in shipment.
5.2 Calculating Impurity Content on an Active Ingredient
Basis: 10. Packaging, Package Marking, and Shipping
5.2.1 To calculate the impurity content on an active ingre- 10.1 Calcium chloride in either solid or liquid form shall be
dient basis, the impurity percentage measured on an “as packaged and transported in a manner that protects the product
received” basis is divided by the CaCl2 assay in decimal form from moisture and other sources of contamination.
as shown in the following example: 10.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase
Product #1 order, the name of the manufacturer, name of the product, net
CaCl2 content, as received basis, % 90 weight, and percentage of calcium chloride guaranteed by the
Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), as received basis, % 4.0
Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), active ingredient basis, % (4.0/90)(100)= 4.4 manufacturer shall be legibly marked on each container for
package shipments, or on the invoice or shipping papers
6. Physical Requirements accompanying bulk shipments.
6.1 The grading of solid form calcium chloride shall con- 10.3 When specified in the contract or purchase order as for
form to the requirements of Table 1 for the grade and class Federal Government procurement, calcium chloride shall be
specified in the order. prepared for shipment in accordance with the provisions
specified in 10.4-10.6.2.
7. Sampling, Examination, and Testing 10.4 Packaging—Packaging for Federal Government pro-
7.1 Sampling, examining, and testing of calcium chloride curement shall be Level A or C as specified (see Section 4.1.5).
shall be done in accordance with Test Method D 345 and 10.4.1 Level A:
E 449. When specified in the contract or purchase order, 10.4.1.1 Unit Packaging—Calcium chloride in solid form
sampling for examination shall be performed in accordance shall be packaged in 0.45 or 2.25-kg (1 or 5-lb) quantities, as
with MIL-STD-105 at an acceptable quality level specified by specified (see Section 10.4), in glass bottles conforming to
the purchaser. Group A, Class 1, Style 2, Closure A of PPP-C-186.

TABLE 1 Sieve Analysis

Mass % Passing
Grade 1—77 % min CaCl2 Grade 2—90 % min CaCl2 Grade 3—94 % min CaCl2
Sieve Size
Class A Class B Class A Class B Class C Class D Class A Class B Class C Class D
Flake Granular Flake Pellets Granular Powder Flake Pellets Granular Powder
31.5 mm 11⁄4 in. ... ... ... ... 100 ... ... ... 100 ...
9.5 mm ⁄ in.
38 100 100 100 100 ... ... 100 100 ... ...
4.75 mm No. 4 80–100 0–80 80–100 80–100 0–5 100 80–100 80–100 0–5 100
2.36 mm No. 8 ... ... ... ... ... 80–100 ... ... ... 80–100
1.18 mm No. 16 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
850 µm No. 20 ... ... ... 0–10 ... ... ... 0–10 ... ...
600 µm No. 30 0–5 0–5 0–5 0–5 ... 0–65 0–5 0–5 ... 0–65

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 D 98 – 05
10.4.1.2 Intermediate Packaging—Calcium chloride unit, 10.5.2.2 For 36 and 45-kg (80 and 100-lb) Quantities—
packaged in accordance with 10.4.1.1 shall be intermediately Calcium chloride, as specified (see 4.1.5), shall be packed in
packaged in accordance with the Level A requirements of appropriate size sacks conforming to construction number
PPP-C-186. 8L/W or 14L/W of UU-S-48, bags conforming to bag number
10.4.2 Level C—Calcium chloride shall be packaged in the P35B of PPP-B-35, or fiber drums conforming to Type I, Grade
quantities specified (see Section 4.1.5), in accordance with A, of PPP-D-723, as specified (see 4.1.5). Fiber drums shall be
supplier’s standard practice. provided with a polyethylene bag liner or other suitable
10.5 Packaging—Packing for Federal Government Procure- water-vapor-proof lining or interior coating.
ment shall be Level A, B, or C as specified (see Section 4.1.5). 10.5.3 Level C—Calcium chloride shall be packed in quan-
10.5.1 Level A: tities specified (see 4.1.5), in a manner which will ensure
arrival at destination in satisfactory condition and be accept-
10.5.1.1 For 0.45 or 2.25-kg (1 and 5-lb) Quantities—
able to the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shall
Calcium chloride, packaged in accordance with 10.4.1.1 shall
comply with the Uniform Freight Classification rules or
be packed in accordance with the Level A requirement of
National Motor Freight Classification rules.
PPP-C-186.
10.6 Marking (see 4.1.5):
10.5.1.2 For 36 and 45-kg (80 and 100-lb) Quantities— 10.6.1 Civil Agencies—In addition to any special marking
Calcium chloride, as specified (see 4.1.5), shall be packed in required by the contract or order, the interior packages and
appropriate size sacks conforming to construction number 16X exterior shipping containers shall be marked in accordance
or 17X of UU-S-48, bags conforming to bag number P35B/A with Fed. Std. No. 123.
of PPP-B-35, or fiber drums conforming to Type III, Grade A, 10.6.2 Military Activities—In addition, to any special mark-
of PPP-D-723, as specified (see 4.1.5). Fiber drums shall be ing required by the contract or order, the interior packages and
provided with a polyethylene bag liner or other suitable exterior shipping containers shall be marked in accordance
water-vapor-proof liner or interior coating. with MIL-STD-129.
10.5.2 Level B:
10.5.2.1 For 0.45 and 2.25-kg (1 and 5-lb) Quantities— 11. Keywords
Calcium chloride, packaged in accordance with 10.4, shall be 11.1 calcium chloride; concrete accelerator; concrete ad-
packed in accordance with the Level B requirements of mixture; deicing chemical; dessication; dust control; snow and
PPP-C-186. ice removal; stabilization

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