Arv4203 - Building Materials & Construction-Iii

ARV4203 - BUILDING MATERIALS
& CONSTRUCTION-III
Unit 3: Toilets and Kitchens:
Design and Construction of basic toilets and kitchens,
including fittings, finishes and services
Ar. Vijay P. Zagade

Unit 3: Toilets and Kitchens:
Design and Construction of basic toilets and kitchens, including fittings,
finishes and services
Points covered:
1) Kitchen
2) KITCHEN: Work triangle
3) Kitchen Dimensions
4) ADA Accessibility Guidelines
5) Kitchen Cabinets
6) The Kitchen space / services
7) Kitchen Appliances
KITCHEN:
Kitchen:
The kitchen work triangle is a
concept used to determine
efficient kitchen layouts. The primary
tasks in a home kitchen are carried
out between the cook top, the sink and
the refrigerator. These three points and
the imaginary lines between them, make
up what kitchen experts call the work
triangle.
THE SUM OF THE SIDES OF THE
TRIANGLES SHOULD BE NOT
MORE THAN 22’(6705 NOR LESS
THAN 12’(3660)
The kitchen work triangle is an important element of kitchen design,
as it creates an efficient work space with clear traffic lanes. The triangle
connects the centers of the sink, refrigerator, and range or cooktop. The
work triangle system keeps all major workstations within easy reach of the
cook while providing enough space between workstations to avoid
crowding. The design also helps keep non-chef traffic out from underfoot.
The guidelines below have stood the test of time and the scrutiny of
industrial engineers. In larger kitchens there may be a need for two work
triangles depending on how you use your space. Smaller kitchens,
especially one wall kitchens, can be difficult but focus on the tasks that you
see yourself using most of the time.
WORK TRIANGLE
Work Triangle Guidelines
The sum of the three sides of the triangle
should not exceed 26 feet.
Each leg should measure between 5 and 9
feet.
No side of the triangle should cut through
an island or peninsula by more than 12
inches.
No major traffic patterns should cross
through the triangle.
A second triangle can be created by adding
a second sink to an island or fourth-wall
peninsula. This is also a way to create a
specialty work station for baking or
vegetable prep
ISLAND
An island is a freestanding piece of
cabinetry that is placed in a kitchen to
supplement the countertop space. There
are an incredible amount of diverse
opportunities for personal expression in
the creation and inclusion of an island to
a kitchen. Referring to this kitchen
feature as an island does not infer
permanence. It is common for owners to
purchase a freestanding mobile island to
increase a kitchen’s preparation area. An
island is also not of limited or specific
dimension, which means it can be sized
appropriate to the kitchen space
available
PENINSULA
The term peninsula refers to an extended counter area that is popular in the G-shaped
kitchen floor plan. A kitchen island is a great addition, but most kitchens lack the room
to sensibly fit one of a usable size in the center of the available workspace. This is why
the peninsula is as popular as it is practical. A kitchen peninsula is comparable in size
and shape to a standard kitchen island, but the primary difference is that it is butted up
against the end of a cabinet run or against a wall. This is how the G-shaped or J-
shaped floor plan is achieved.
PENINSULA
Factors to consider for Design OF Kitchen Layout
1)Amount of counter space and

work space Required.
2) Type and quantity of under-
counter and overhead storage
required.
3) Requirement of natural light ,
views and ventilation
4) Type and degree of access
desired.
5) Degree of enclosure envisioned
for the space.
6) Integration of Plumbing,
Electrical and Mechanical systems.
WORK TRIANGLE
KITCHEN LAYOUT:
PARALLEL WALL
KITCHEN LAYOUT:
L-SHAPE
KITCHEN LAYOUT:
U -SHAPE
KITCHEN LAYOUT:
SINGLE WALL
ADA ACCESSIBILTY GUIDE LINES
KITCHEN DIMENSIONS:
KITCHEN CABINETS:
KITCHEN CABINETS:
KITCHEN CABINETS:
KITCHEN CABINETS:
KITCHEN CABINETS:
KITCHEN CABINETS:
KITCHEN SPACE /SERVICES
COUNTERSPACE SURFACE :
1) The counter-top surface may be
plastic laminate, Butcher block,
ceramic tile, marbale or Granite,
synthetic stone, Concrete or
Stainless , Steel.
2) Provide a heat- resistant surface
next to the range.
PLUMBING :
1) Watersupply lines for the sink
and dishwasher are required.
2) Waste lines for the sink, waste
disposal unit and dishwasher are
required.
PLUMBING :
Electrical :
1) A minimum of two circuits for
small appliances should be
provided with outlets spaced
4’(1220)o.c and about 6”(150)
above contertop.These circuit
should be protected by ground
fault interrupter (GFI).
2) Special single-outlet circuits are
required for permanently
installed appliance such as
electric ranges and ovens.
3) Seprate circuits are required for
appliances such as Refrigerator,
dishwasher, garbage disposal unit
and micowave oven.
Gas :
1) Gas appliances requires seprate fuel supply lines
Lighting:
1) Provide natural light by means of
exterior opening with an area
not less than 1/10 of the floor
area or minimum 10 sf( 0.93
sqmt).
2) Building codes typically allows
residential kitchens to be
illuminated solely with artificial
lighting.
3) In addition to general area
lighting task lighting is required
over each of the work centers
and over countrtops.
KITCHEN APPLIANCES:
Verious appliance dimensions when planning a kitchen.For
prelimnary planning purposes following ranges of widths are used
1) Range: 33” to 40”(840- 1015)
2) Refrigerator : 32” to 36” ( 8130 -915)
3) Dishwasher: 24” (610)
4) Sink: 32” to 42”

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ARV4203 - BUILDING MATERIALS

Ar. Vijay P. Zagade

1)Amount of counter space and

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