Chapter 12 - Radicals
Chapter 12 - Radicals
Contents
CHAPTER 12: RADICALS ............................................................................................................................ 317
SECTION 12.1 INTRODUCTION TO RADICALS ...................................................................................... 319
A. INTRODUCTION TO PERFECT SQUARES AND PRINCIPAL SQUARE ROOT ............................... 319
B. INTRODUCTION TO RADICALS ................................................................................................. 320
C. SIMPLIFY RADICALS WITH PERFECT PRINCIPAL 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏 ROOT .................................................... 322
D. SIMPLIFY RADICALS WITH PERFECT PRINCIPAL 𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏𝒏 ROOT USING EXPONENT RULE ............ 323
E. SIMPLIFY RADICALS WITH NO PERFECT ROOT ........................................................................ 325
F. SIMPLIFY RADICALS WITH COEFFICIENTS ................................................................................ 326
G. SIMPLIFY RADICALS WITH VARIABLES WITH NO PERFECT RADICANTS ................................. 327
EXERCISE ........................................................................................................................................... 328
SECTION 12.2: ADD AND SUBTRACT RADICALS................................................................................... 329
A. ADD AND SUBTRACT LIKE RADICALS ....................................................................................... 329
B. SIMPLIFY, THEN ADD AND SUBTRACT LIKE RADICALS ............................................................ 330
EXERCISE ........................................................................................................................................... 331
SECTION 12.3: MULTIPLY AND DIVIDE RADICALS ............................................................................... 332
A. MULTIPLY RADICALS WITH MONOMIALS................................................................................ 332
B. DISTRIBUTE WITH RADICALS .................................................................................................... 334
C. MULTIPLY RADICALS USING FOIL ............................................................................................. 335
D. MULTIPLY RADICALS WITH SPECIAL-PRODUCT FORMULAS ................................................... 336
E. SIMPLIFY QUOTIENTS WITH RADICALS.................................................................................... 337
EXERCISE ........................................................................................................................................... 339
SECTION 12.4: RATIONALIZE DENOMINATORS ................................................................................... 341
A. RATIONALIZING DENOMINATORS WITH SQUARE ROOTS ...................................................... 341
B. RATIONALIZING DENOMINATORS WITH HIGHER ROOTS ....................................................... 342
C. RATIONALIZE DENOMINATORS USING THE CONJUGATE ....................................................... 343
EXERCISE ........................................................................................................................................... 345
SECTION 12.5: RADICAL EQUATIONS ................................................................................................... 346
317
Chapter 12
A. RADICAL EQUATIONS WITH SQUARE ROOTS .......................................................................... 346
B. RADICAL EQUATIONS WITH TWO SQUARE ROOTS ................................................................. 348
C. RADICAL EQUATIONS WITH HIGHER ROOTS ........................................................................... 351
EXERCISE ........................................................................................................................................... 352
CHAPTER REVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 353
318
Chapter 12
MEDIA LESSON
Introduction to square roots (Duration 7:03 )
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
√9
The square root of a number is the number times itself that equals the given number.
√9 = ____________________________________________________________
√36 = ____________________________________________________________
√49 = ____________________________________________________________
√81 =____________________________________________________________
You can think of the square root as the opposite or inverse of squaring.
Actually, numbers have two square roots. One is positive and one is negative.
5 ⋅ 5 = 25 and −5 ∙ −5 = 25
To avoid confusion
√61
319
Chapter 12
YOU TRY
a) Find the perfect square of: b) Find the square root of:
112 = ________________ √441 = _______________
122 = ________________ √484 =_______________
132 = ________________ √529 =_______________
142 = ________________
√576 =_______________
152 = ________________
√625 =_______________
162 = ________________
√676 =_______________
172 = ________________
√729 =_______________
182 = ________________
192 =________________ √784 =_______________
202 =________________ √841 = _______________
√900 = _______________
MEDIA LESSON
Principal nth square roots vs. general square roots (Duration 5:23 )
Note: In this class, we will only consider the principal 𝒏𝒏𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 roots when we discuss radicals.
B. INTRODUCTION TO RADICALS
Radicals are a common concept in algebra. In fact, we think of radicals as reversing the operation of an
exponent. Hence, instead of the “square” of a number, we “square root” a number; instead of the “cube”
of a number, we “cube root” a number to reverse the square to find the base. Square roots are the most
common type of radical used in algebra.
Definition
If 𝒂𝒂 is a positive real number, then the principal square root of a number 𝒂𝒂 is defined as
√𝒂𝒂 = 𝒃𝒃 if and only if 𝒂𝒂 = 𝒃𝒃𝟐𝟐
The √ is the radical symbol, and 𝒂𝒂 is called the radicand.
𝟑𝟑 𝟑𝟑
If given something like √𝒂𝒂, then 3 is called the root or index; hence, √𝒂𝒂 is called the cube root or
third root of 𝒂𝒂. In general,
𝒏𝒏
√𝒂𝒂 = 𝒃𝒃 if and only if 𝒂𝒂 = 𝒃𝒃𝒏𝒏
If 𝒏𝒏 is even, then 𝒂𝒂 and 𝒃𝒃 must be greater than or equal to zero. If 𝒏𝒏 is odd, then 𝒂𝒂 and 𝒃𝒃 must be
any real number.
320
Chapter 12
MEDIA LESSON
Introduction to square roots, cube roots, and Nth roots (Duration 9:09)
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
The principal 𝒏𝒏𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 root of 𝒂𝒂 is the 𝒏𝒏𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 root that has the same sign as 𝒂𝒂, and it is denoted by the radical
symbol.
𝒏𝒏
√𝒂𝒂
We read this as the “___________________________”, “______________”, or “_______________”.
The positive integer ______________________________ of the radical. If 𝑛𝑛 = 2, ____________ the index.
The number _______________________.
Cube roots (n = 3)
3 3
√1 = __________________________ √−1 = __________________________
3 3
√8 = __________________________ √−8 = __________________________
3 3
√27 =__________________________ √−27 =_________________________
3 3
√64 = __________________________ √−64 = _________________________
3 3
√125 =_________________________ √−125 =________________________
Example: Simplify
1) √36 = 2) −√81 =
4
3) � = 4)
3
√64 =
9
5 3
5) √32 = 6) − √−8 =
321
Chapter 12
𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕
Inverse properties of 𝒏𝒏 Powers and 𝒏𝒏 Roots
We need the ____________________________ for any 𝒏𝒏𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 root with an _____________ exponent
for which the index is ____________ to assure the 𝒏𝒏𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 root is ______________.
Example: Simplify
3
1) √𝑥𝑥 2 2) √𝑥𝑥 9
4 4
3) √𝑥𝑥 8 4) �𝑦𝑦12
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
Example:
a) √81 3
b) √27
4 d) √243
c) √16
322
Chapter 12
MEDIA LESSON
Simplify perfect 𝒏𝒏𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 roots – negative radicands (Duration 4:32 )
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
5
b) √−32 = ________________________________________________________________________
6
c) √−64 = ________________________________________________________________________
YOU TRY
4 5
c) − √625 d) √1
D. SIMPLIFY RADICALS WITH PERFECT PRINCIPAL 𝒏𝒏𝒕𝒕𝒕𝒕 ROOT USING EXPONENT RULE
There is a more efficient way to find the 𝑛𝑛𝑡𝑡ℎ root by using the exponent rule but first let’s learn a
different method of prime factorization to factor a large number to help us break down a large number
into primes. This alternative method to a factor tree is called the “stacked division” method.
MEDIA LESSON
Prime factorization – stacked division method (Duration 3:45)
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a) 1,350 b) 168
323
Chapter 12
MEDIA LESSON
Simplify perfect root radicals using the exponent rule (Duration 5:00 )
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𝒏𝒏
Roots: √𝒎𝒎 where 𝒏𝒏 is the _______________
Example: Simplify.
a) �46,656 = 5
b) �1,889,568 =
MEDIA LESSON
Simplify perfect root radicals with variables (Duration 5:43 )
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
Example: Simplify.
3 b) √𝑚𝑚6
a) √𝑧𝑧 9
5
c) − √𝑛𝑛10
YOU TRY
Simplify the following radicals using the exponent rule. Show your work.
a) 6√64 b) 3√729
c) �𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 4 𝑧𝑧10 7
d) �𝑥𝑥 21 𝑦𝑦 42
324
Chapter 12
E. SIMPLIFY RADICALS WITH NO PERFECT ROOT
Not all radicands are perfect squares, where when we take the square root, we obtain a positive integer.
For example, if we input √8 in a calculator, the calculator would display
2.828427124746190097603377448419…
and even this number is a rounded approximation of the square root. To be as accurate as possible, we
will leave all answers in exact form, i.e., answers contain integers and radicals – no decimals. When we
say to simplify an expression with radicals, the simplified expression should have
• a radical, unless the radical reduces to an integer
• a radicand with no factors containing perfect squares
• no decimals
MEDIA LESSON
Simplify square roots with not perfect square radicants (Duration 7:03)
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√45 = ________________________________________________________________________.
Example:
√8 = _____________________________________________________________
√48 = _____________________________________________________________
√150 = _____________________________________________________________
�1,350 = _____________________________________________________________
325
Chapter 12
MEDIA LESSON
Simplify radicals with not perfect radicants – using exponent rule (Duration 4:22)
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
√𝑎𝑎2 𝑏𝑏 =
𝑛𝑛
√𝑎𝑎𝑛𝑛 𝑏𝑏 =
When we divide if there is a remainder, the remainder ________________________________________.
Example:
a) √72 3
b) √750
YOU TRY
a) √75 3
b) √200
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
Example:
a) −8√600 5
b) 3 √−96
YOU TRY
Simplify.
a) 5√63 b) −8√392
326
Chapter 12
G. SIMPLIFY RADICALS WITH VARIABLES WITH NO PERFECT RADICANTS
MEDIA LESSON
Simplify radicals with variables (Duration 4:22)
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
YOU TRY
c) �20𝑥𝑥 5 𝑦𝑦 9 𝑧𝑧 6
327
Chapter 12
EXERCISE
Simplify. Show all your work. Assume all variables are positive.
Simplify. Show all your work. Assume all variables are positive.
3 3
32) √750
3
33) √875
31) √625
4 4 4
34) −4 √96 35) 6 √112 36) √648𝑎𝑎2
5 5 7
37) √224𝑛𝑛3 38) �224𝑝𝑝5 39) −3 √896𝑟𝑟
3 3 3
40) −2 √−48𝑣𝑣 7 41) −7 √320𝑛𝑛6 42) �−135𝑥𝑥 5 𝑦𝑦 3
3 3 3
43) �−32𝑥𝑥 4 𝑦𝑦 4 44) �256𝑥𝑥 4 𝑦𝑦 6 45) 7 �−81𝑥𝑥 3 𝑦𝑦 7
3 3 3
46) 2 √375𝑢𝑢2 𝑣𝑣 8 47) −3 √192𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎2 48) 6 �−54𝑚𝑚8 𝑛𝑛3 𝑝𝑝7
4
49) 6 �648𝑥𝑥 5 𝑦𝑦 7 𝑧𝑧 2 50) 9�9𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 5 𝑧𝑧 3
328
Chapter 12
Definition
If two radicals have the same radicand and the same root, then they are called like radicals. If this is so,
then
𝒂𝒂√𝒙𝒙 ± 𝒃𝒃√𝒙𝒙 = (𝒂𝒂 ± 𝒃𝒃)√𝒙𝒙,
Where 𝒂𝒂, 𝒃𝒃 are real numbers and 𝒙𝒙 is some positive real number.
Note: When simplifying radicals with addition and subtraction, we will simplify the expression first,
and then reduce out any factors from the radicand following the guidelines in the previous section.
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
Simplify: 2𝑥𝑥 − 5𝑦𝑦 + 3𝑥𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 Simplify: 2√3 − 5√7 + 3√3 + 2√7
_______________________ _______________________
YOU TRY
Simplify
5 5 5 5
a) 7√6 + 4√3 − 9√3 + √6 b) −3√2 + 3√5 + 3√5
329
Chapter 12
B. SIMPLIFY, THEN ADD AND SUBTRACT LIKE RADICALS
MEDIA LESSON
Add or subtract radicals requiring simplifying first (Duration 3:46)
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2. ______________________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________________
Example: Simplify
−2�50𝑥𝑥 5 + 5�18𝑥𝑥 5 50 18
/\ /\
MEDIA LESSON
Add or subtract radicals requiring simplifying first (continue) (Duration 5:12)
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Example:
3 3
a) 2√18 + √50 b) 𝑥𝑥 �𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 5 + 𝑦𝑦 �𝑥𝑥 5 𝑦𝑦 2
YOU TRY
Simplify.
3 3 3
a) 5√45 + 6√18 − 2√98 + √20 b) 4√54 − 9√16 + 5√9
330
Chapter 12
EXERCISE
Simplify. In this section, we assume all variables to be positive.
3 3 3 4 4 4
11) −2 √16 + 2 √16 + 2 √2 12) 2√243 − 2√243 − √3
4 4 3 3 4 4 4
13) √625 -5 √625 + √64 − 5 √64 14) 3√2 − 2√2 − √243
4 4 4 4 4 4 4
15) − √324 + 3√324 − 3√4 16) 2√2 + 2√3 + 3√64 − √3
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
17) −3 √6 − √64 + 2 √192 − 2 √64 18) 2 √160 − 2 √192 − √160 − √−160
6 6 6 6 3 3 3
19) − √256 − 2√4 − 3 √320 − 2√128 20) 3 √135 − √81 − √135
21) −3√18𝑥𝑥 5 − √8𝑥𝑥 5 + 2√8𝑥𝑥 5 + 2√8𝑥𝑥 5 22) −2�2𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − �2𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 3�8𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 3�8𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
331
Chapter 12
As long as the roots of each radical in the product are the same, we can apply the product rule and then
simplify as usual. At first, we will bring the radicals together under one radical, then simplify the radical
by applying the product rule again.
MEDIA LESSON
Multiply monomial radical expressions (Duration 10:32 )
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
To multiply two radicals with the same index. Multiply the _________________________together and
multiply the ____________________ together. Then simplify.
𝑛𝑛 𝑛𝑛
Product rule (with coefficients): p √𝑢𝑢 ⋅ 𝑞𝑞 √𝑣𝑣 = ________________
Example 1: √2 ⋅ √3 = ______________________________________
3 3
Example 2: 3 √5 ⋅ 4 √7 = ____________________________________
Multiply:
3 3
a) √15 ⋅ √6 b) √18 ⋅ √60
4 4
c) 3√12 ⋅ 5√63 d) −2 √40 ⋅ 7 √18
e) −√6 · −3√6
332
Chapter 12
YOU TRY
Simplify:
3 3
a) −5√14 ∙ 4√6 b) 2 √18 ∙ 6 √15
MEDIA LESSON
Multiply monomial radicals with variables (Duration 4:58 )
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Example: Multiply.
3 3
a) √18𝑥𝑥 3 ⋅ √30𝑥𝑥 2 b) √16𝑥𝑥 2 ⋅ √81𝑥𝑥 2
YOU TRY
Simplify.
5 5
a) √8𝑥𝑥 2 ∙ √4𝑥𝑥 3 b) √60𝑥𝑥 4 ∙ √6𝑥𝑥 7
333
Chapter 12
B. DISTRIBUTE WITH RADICALS
When there is a term in front of the parenthesis, we distribute that term to each term inside the
parenthesis. This method is applied to radicals.
MEDIA LESSON
Multiply square roots using Distributive property (Duration 2:25 )
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Example:
√7�√14 − √2� √3�5 + √3�
MEDIA LESSON
Multiplying radical expressions with variables using Distributive property (Duration 6:57 )
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Example:
a) √𝑥𝑥�2√𝑥𝑥 − 3� b) 4�𝑦𝑦�5�𝑥𝑥𝑦𝑦 3 − �𝑦𝑦 3 �
3 3 3 3
c) √𝑧𝑧 � √𝑧𝑧 2 − 7 √𝑧𝑧 5 + 2 √𝑧𝑧 8 �
YOU TRY
Simplify.
334
Chapter 12
C. MULTIPLY RADICALS USING FOIL
MEDIA LESSON
Multiply binomials with radicals (Duration 4:10)
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
Example:
3 3
a) �3√7 − 2√5��√7 + 6√5� b) �2 √9 + 5� �4 √3 − 1�
MEDIA LESSON
Multiply binomials with radicals with variables (Duration 5:29)
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Example:
3
a) �2√𝑥𝑥 + 3��5√𝑥𝑥 − 4� 3
b) �3𝑥𝑥 2 + √𝑥𝑥 2 � �2 √𝑥𝑥 − 1�
YOU TRY
Simplify.
335
Chapter 12
D. MULTIPLY RADICALS WITH SPECIAL-PRODUCT FORMULAS
MEDIA LESSON
Multiply radicals using the perfect square formula (Duration 3:44)
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Conjugates
Recall the Difference of for two squares formula: (𝒂𝒂 − 𝒃𝒃)(𝒂𝒂 + 𝒃𝒃) = 𝒂𝒂𝟐𝟐 − 𝒃𝒃𝟐𝟐
Notice in the 2 factors (𝒂𝒂 − 𝒃𝒃) and (𝒂𝒂 + 𝒃𝒃) have the same first and second term but there is a sign
change in the middle. When we have 2 binomials like that, we say they are conjugates of each other.
Example:
Binomials Its conjugate
3−5 3+5
𝑥𝑥 + 5 𝑥𝑥 − 5
1 − √2 1 + √2
MEDIA LESSON
Multiply radicals using the difference of squares formula (Duration 1:27)
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= ____________________________________________________________
336
Chapter 12
YOU TRY
If 𝒂𝒂, 𝒃𝒃 are any two positive real numbers, where 𝒃𝒃 ≠ 𝟎𝟎, then
𝒏𝒏
𝒂𝒂 √𝒂𝒂
𝒏𝒏
� = 𝒏𝒏
𝒃𝒃 √𝒃𝒃
Where 𝒏𝒏 is a positive integer and 𝒏𝒏 ≥ 𝟐𝟐.
MEDIA LESSON
Divide radicals (Duration 3:44)
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Note: A rational expression is not considered simplified if there is a fraction under the radical or if
there is a radical in the denominator.
Example:
75
a) �
16
3 324
b) �
4
337
Chapter 12
MEDIA LESSON
Divide radicals with variables (Duration 4:34 )
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Examples:
100𝑥𝑥
a) � , assume 𝑥𝑥 is positive
5𝑥𝑥
3
�64𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 5
b) 3 , assume 𝑦𝑦 is not 0
�4𝑦𝑦 2
MEDIA LESSON
Divide expressions with radicals (Duration 4:20 )
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Examples:
15 + √175 8 − √48
a) b)
10 6
YOU TRY
Simplify.
3
−3+√27 �44𝑦𝑦6 𝑎𝑎4 15 √108
a) b) c) 3
3 �9𝑦𝑦 2 𝑎𝑎8 20 √2
338
Chapter 12
EXERCISE
Simplify. Assume all variables are positive.
3 3 3 3
5) 3√4𝑎𝑎4 ∙ √10𝑎𝑎3 6) √4𝑥𝑥 3 ∙ √2𝑥𝑥 4
√10 √5
19) 20)
√6 4√125
3
√12 √5
21) 22) 3
5√100 4 √4
2√4 3
3 √10
23) 24) 3
3√3 5 √27
�12𝑝𝑝2 4+ 8√45
25) 26)
�3𝑝𝑝 2√4
3+ √12 4−2√2
27) 28)
√3 3√32
339
Chapter 12
4
4−√30 5 √5𝑟𝑟 4
29) 30) 4
√15 √8𝑟𝑟 2
5𝑥𝑥 2 32) (5 + 2√6)2
31)
4𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥�3𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥
340
Chapter 12
To rationalize the denominator with a square root, multiply the numerator and denominator by the
exact radical in the denominator, e.g.,
𝟏𝟏 √𝒙𝒙
∙
√𝒙𝒙 √𝒙𝒙
MEDIA LESSON
Rationalize monomials (Duration 3:42)
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MEDIA LESSON
Rationalize monomials with variables (Duration 4:58)
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YOU TRY
Simplify.
√6 6√14 √3−9
a) b) c)
√5 12√22 2√6
341
Chapter 12
B. RATIONALIZING DENOMINATORS WITH HIGHER ROOTS
Radicals with higher roots in the denominators are a bit more challenging. Notice, rationalizing the
denominator with square roots works out nicely because we are only trying to obtain a radicand that is a
perfect square in the denominator. When we rationalize higher roots, we need to pay attention to the
index to make sure that we multiply enough factors to clear them out of the radical.
MEDIA LESSON
Rationalize higher roots (Duration 4:20)
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YOU TRY
Simplify.
3 4
4 √2 3 √11
a) 3 b) 4
7 √25 √2
342
Chapter 12
C. RATIONALIZE DENOMINATORS USING THE CONJUGATE
There are times where the given denominator is not just one term. Often, in the denominator, we have a
difference or sum of two terms in which one or both terms are square roots. In order to rationalize these
denominators, we use the idea from a difference of two squares:
We rationalize denominators of the type 𝑎𝑎 ± √𝑏𝑏 by multiplying the numerator and denominator by
their conjugates, e.g.,
1 𝑎𝑎 − √𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎 − √𝑏𝑏
∙ =
𝑎𝑎 + √𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎 − √𝑏𝑏 (𝑎𝑎)2 − (√𝑏𝑏)2
The conjugate for
• 𝑎𝑎 + √𝑏𝑏 is 𝑎𝑎 − √𝑏𝑏
• 𝑎𝑎 − √𝑏𝑏 is 𝑎𝑎 + √𝑏𝑏
The case is similar for when there is something like √𝑎𝑎 ± √𝑏𝑏 in the denominator.
MEDIA LESSON
Rationalize denominators using the conjugate (Duration 4:56)
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Rationalize – Binomials
1
What doesn’t work:
2+√3
Recall: �2 + √3� _______________________
Multiply by the ________________________
Example:
6 3−5√2
a) b)
5−√3 4+2√2
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Chapter 12
MEDIA LESSON
Rationalize denominators using the conjugate (Duration 2:59)
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
YOU TRY
Simplify.
2 3−√5 2√5−3√7
a) b) c)
√3−5 2−√3 5√6+4√2
344
Chapter 12
EXERCISE
Simplify. Assume all variables are positive.
2√4 √12 √2
1) 2) 3)
3√3 √3 3√5
4√3 4+2√3 3
√5
4) 5) 6) 3
√15 √9 4 √4
2 3
6 √2 8
7) 3 8) 9) 3
√2 3
√9 √3𝑥𝑥 2
2𝑥𝑥 𝑣𝑣 1
10) 3 11) 4 12) 4
√𝑥𝑥 √2𝑣𝑣 3 √5𝑥𝑥
5 2 3
16) 17) 18)
3√5+√2 5+√2 4−3√3
4 4 4
19) 20) − 21)
3+√5 4−4√2 5 + √5𝑥𝑥 2
5 2−√5 √3+√2
22) 23) 24)
2+√5𝑟𝑟 3 −3+√5 2√3−√2
4√2+3 5 2√5+√3
25) 26) 27)
3√2+√3 √3+4√5 1−√3
𝑎𝑎−𝑏𝑏 7 𝑎𝑎−√𝑏𝑏
28) 29) 30)
√𝑏𝑏−√𝑎𝑎 √𝑎𝑎+√𝑏𝑏 𝑎𝑎+√𝑏𝑏
345
Chapter 12
We assume in this chapter that all variables are greater than or equal to zero.
MEDIA LESSON
Solve equations with one radical (Duration 6:47)
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
2 3 3
�√𝑥𝑥� = ___________ � √𝑥𝑥� = ____________
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Chapter 12
Example: Solve.
a) √𝑥𝑥 − 7 = 11 b) √3𝑥𝑥 + 2 − 7 = 0
3
c) 2√5𝑥𝑥 − 1 − 8 = 0 d) √𝑥𝑥 + 6 = 𝑥𝑥
YOU TRY
a) √7𝑥𝑥 + 2 = 4 b) √𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 5
c) 𝑥𝑥 + √4𝑥𝑥 + 1 = 5 d) √𝑥𝑥 + 6 = 𝑥𝑥 + 4
347
Chapter 12
B. RADICAL EQUATIONS WITH TWO SQUARE ROOTS
MEDIA LESSON
Solve equations with two radicals (Duration 5:11)
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
3. If one radical _______________, _____________ the remaining radical and raise ____________
_________________ to the ___________ of the index again. (If the radicals have been eliminated
Example: Solve.
a) √2𝑥𝑥 + 3 − √𝑥𝑥 − 8 = 0
b) 3 + √𝑥𝑥 − 6 = √𝑥𝑥 + 9
348
Chapter 12
MEDIA LESSON
Solve equations with two radicals – part 2 (Duration 4:33 )
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
√1 − 8𝑥𝑥 − √−16𝑥𝑥 − 12 = 1
MEDIA LESSON
Solve equations with two radicals – part 3 – check solutions (Duration 3:27)
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
Check solutions
349
Chapter 12
YOU TRY
350
Chapter 12
C. RADICAL EQUATIONS WITH HIGHER ROOTS
MEDIA LESSON
Solve equations with radicals – odd roots (Duration 2:42)
View the video lesson, take notes and complete the problems below
3
√𝑥𝑥 = 4 then 𝑥𝑥 =_______
Example:
3 5
a) √2𝑥𝑥 − 5 = 6 b) √4𝑥𝑥 − 7 = 2
YOU TRY
3 4
a) √𝑛𝑛 − 1 = −4 b) √𝑥𝑥 2 − 6𝑥𝑥 = 2
351
Chapter 12
EXERCISE
Solve. Be sure to verify all solutions.
1) √2𝑥𝑥 + 3 − 3 = 0 2) √6𝑥𝑥 − 5 − 𝑥𝑥 = 0
5 5 3
17) √𝑥𝑥 + 2 = √−3 18) √5𝑥𝑥 + 1 − 2 = 4
3 3
19) 3 √𝑥𝑥 = 12 20) √7𝑥𝑥 + 15 = 1
352
Chapter 12
CHAPTER REVIEW
KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS
Look for the following terms and concepts as you work through the workbook. In the space below,
explain the meaning of each of these concepts and terms in your own words. Provide examples that
are not identical to those in the text or in the media lesson.
Radicals
Radicand
Like-radicals
Rationalize
denominator
process
Conjugates
To rationalize the
denominator with
square roots
353
Chapter 12
354