Docker for PHP

Developers
Chris Tankersley
@dragonmantank
JetBrains, June 2016

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What Is Docker?
“Docker is an open platform for developers and sysadmins to build,
ship, and run distributed applications. Consisting of Docker Engine, a
portable, lightweight runtime and packaging tool, and Docker Hub, a
cloud service for sharing applications and automating workflows,
Docker enables apps to be quickly assembled from components and
eliminates the friction between development, QA, and production
environments.”

https://www.docker.com/whatisdocker/

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Containers

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Normal Bare-Metal Server

nginx PHP DB

Operating System

CPU RAM HD Network

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Virtual Machines

nginx PHP DB nginx PHP DB

Operating System Operating System

Hypervisor

Operating System

CPU RAM HD Network

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Containers

nginx PHP DB nginx PHP DB

Operating System

CPU RAM HD Network

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Containers Are Not New
• LXC (Linux Containers)
• OpenVZ
• Systemd-nspawn
• Qemu/kvm
• BSD Jails
• Solaris Zones
• chroot

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Docker is an Ecosystem

Docker Engine

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Docker is an Ecosystem

Docker Machine Docker Compose Docker Swarm

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How does it work?

Uses a variety of existing Server Containers

Container technologies Hyper-V Containers xhyve Virtualization

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Sorry OSX < 10.10 and Windows < 10 Users
Docker Toolbox

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Let’s use Docker

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Running a container
• `docker run` will run a container
• This will not restart an existing container, just create a new one
• docker run [options] IMAGE [command] [arguments]
• [options ]modify the docker process for this container
• IMAGE is the image to use
• [command] is the command to run inside the container
• [arguments] are arguments for the command

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Running a simple shell

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Running a simple shell

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Running a simple shell

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Running Two Webservers

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Running Two Webservers

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Running Two Webservers

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Running Two Webservers

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Running Two Webservers

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Running Two Webservers

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Running Two Webservers

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Running Two Webservers

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Some Notes
• All three containers are 100% self contained
• Docker containers share common ancestors, but keep their own files
• `docker run` parameters:
• --rm – Destroy a container once it exits
• -d – Run in the background (daemon mode)
• -i – Run in interactive mode
• --name – Give the container a name
• -p [local port]:[container port] – Forward the local port to the container port

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Volumes

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Modifying a running container
• `docker exec` can run a command inside of an existing container
• Use Volumes to share data

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Persistent Data with Volumes
• You can designate a volume with -v
• Volumes can be shared amongst containers
• Volumes can mount data from the host system

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Mounting from the host machine

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Mounting from the host machine

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Mounting from the host machine

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Mounting from the host machine

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Mounting from the host machine

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Mounting from the host isn’t perfect
• The container now has a window into your host machine
• Permissions can get screwy if you are modifying in the container
• Most things it creates will be root by default, and you probably aren’t root on
the host machine
• Host-mounted volumes are not portable at all

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Container Data Volumes
• Uses a small container that does nothing but store data
• Have our app containers use the data volume to store data
• Use ‘editor containers’ to go in and modify data when needed

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Mounting Data Volumes

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Mounting Data Volumes

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Mounting Data Volumes

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Mounting Data Volumes

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Mounting Data Volumes

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Mounting Data Volumes

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Mounting Data Volumes

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Mounting Data Volumes

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Why go through the hassle?
• Data volumes are portable
• Data volumes are safer
• Separates the app containers from data
• Production can use a data volume, dev can use a host volume
• Our app containers stay small

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Network Linking

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Docker Links
• Allows containers to ‘see’ each other over the network
• Each container thinks the other one is just another machine
• Containers all have an internal network address, so we don’t need to
expose everything through the host

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More Traditional Setup

INTARWEBS Nginx Port 9000 PHP-FPM

Data Volume

Editor

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Let’s Build It

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Let’s Build It

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Let’s Build It

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Let’s Build It

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Let’s Build It

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Let’s Build It

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More Notes!
• We can now rebuild sections of the app as needed
• We can restart nginx without impacting PHP
• We can extend much easier

• Docker 1.12 has added a whole bunch of new stuff

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Creating your own Images

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Dockerfile
• Dockerfile is the configuration steps for an image
• Can be created from scratch, or based on another image
• Allows you to add files, create default volumes, ports, etc
• Can be used privately or pushed to Docker Hub

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FROM php:7
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install –y \
libmcrypt-dev \
libpng12-dev \
libfreetype6-dev \
libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
&& docker-php-ext-install iconv mcrypt pdo pdo_mysql

COPY build/app /var/www

# …
EXPOSE 80 443
VOLUME /var/www
VOLUME /var/log

RUN apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* /tmp/* /var/tmp/*

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Build it
docker build -t tag_name ./

• This runs through the Dockerfile and generates the image

• We can now use the tag name to run the image

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Other Helpful Commands

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Inspect a container
docker inspect [options] CONTAINER_NAME

• Returns a JSON string with data about the container

• Can also query
• docker inspect -f “{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}” web_server
• Really handy for scripting out things like reverse proxies

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Work with images
• docker pull IMAGE – Pulls down an image before using
• docker images – Lists all the images that are downloaded
• docker rmi IMAGE – Deletes an image if it’s not being used

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Docker Machine

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What is Docker Machine?
• A provisioning tool that is used to set up a box with Docker
• Used in Docker Toolbox to create the VM
• Supports:
• EC2
• Azure
• Digital Ocean
• Hyper-V
• OpenStack
• Virtualbox
• VMWare

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Why use it?
• Makes it very easy to spin up new boxes
• Docker Machine handles all of the dirty stuff for you
• Docker Toolbox users are already using it
• Integrates with Docker Swarm

• It is not necessarily portable

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Docker Swarm

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What is Docker Swarm?
• Cluster management tool developed by Docker
• Looks like a machine running docker, but is actually many machines

• This has changed and grown a lot in Docker 1.12

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Docker Compose

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What is Docker Compose?
• Multi-container orchestration
• A single config file holds all of your container info
• Works with Docker Swarm and a few other tools, like Rancher

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Sample docker-compose.yml
phpserver:
build: ./docker/php
volumes:
- /home/ctankersley/Projects/dockerfordevs:/var/www/
links:
- mysqlserver
mysqlserver:
image: mysql
environment:
MYSQL_DATABASE: dockerfordevs
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: docker
volumes:
- /var/lib/mysql
nginx:
build: ./docker/nginx
ports:
- "80:80"
- "443:443"
links:
- phpserver

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Install “Docker Integration” Plugin

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Let PhpStorm Know about Docker

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Open the Docker Panel

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Download an Image

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Download an Image

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Deploy a Project

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Configure a Deployment

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Configure a Deployment

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It Lives!

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It Lives!

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Notes
• Does support docker-compose.yml files and setups as
deployments
• Doesn’t support custom Docker Compose settings files

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Thank You!
• https://github.com/dragonmantank
• Author of “Docker for Developers”
• https://leanpub.com/dockerfordevs

• http://ctankersley.com
• [email protected]
• @dragonmantank

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