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    Long Span Structure Portal Frame

    Uploaded by

    harish gupta
    This document discusses different types of long span structures and portal frame structures. It defines portal frames as consisting of vertical columns and horizontal or pitched top members that are rigidly connected. Various types of portal frames are described, including pitched roof symmetric frames, frames with internal mezzanines, crane supporting frames, tied frames, mono-pitch frames, propped frames, and cellular beam frames. Key characteristics and structural concepts of portal frames are also summarized.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Long Span Structure Portal Frame

    Uploaded by

    harish gupta
    205 views25 pages
    This document discusses different types of long span structures and portal frame structures. It defines portal frames as consisting of vertical columns and horizontal or pitched top members that are rigidly connected. Various types of portal frames are described, including pitched roof symmetric frames, frames with internal mezzanines, crane supporting frames, tied frames, mono-pitch frames, propped frames, and cellular beam frames. Key characteristics and structural concepts of portal frames are also summarized.

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    Long span structure portal frame

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    This document discusses different types of long span structures and portal frame structures. It defines portal frames as consisting of vertical columns and horizontal or pitched top members that are rigidly connected. Various types of portal frames are described, including pitched roof symmetric frames, frames with internal mezzanines, crane supporting frames, tied frames, mono-pitch frames, propped frames, and cellular beam frames. Key characteristics and structural concepts of portal frames are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    205 views25 pages

    Long Span Structure Portal Frame

    Uploaded by

    harish gupta
    This document discusses different types of long span structures and portal frame structures. It defines portal frames as consisting of vertical columns and horizontal or pitched top members that are rigidly connected. Various types of portal frames are described, including pitched roof symmetric frames, frames with internal mezzanines, crane supporting frames, tied frames, mono-pitch frames, propped frames, and cellular beam frames. Key characteristics and structural concepts of portal frames are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 25
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    Long span structures are buildings that require large clear spans, often above 20m. They are commonly used for buildings that require large indoor spaces like warehouses, factories, and stadiums.

    Long span structures can be classified based on system of forces into flat trusses, curved trusses, prismatic trusses, space trusses, cable structures, tent structures, pneumatic structures, and arch structures.

    Examples of section active systems include beam structures, frame structures, and slab structures.

    Long Span Structure

    Portal Frame
    Long Span Structure
    Structure with span larger than 20m can be regarded as
    long span structure for this span is usually unable to be
    achieved by ordinary RC structure ..
    Long span building structures are required
    in buildings where a large number of people
    assemble, especially in complex and institutional
    buildings. These buildings have large spans and often
    big heights
    Classification of long
    01
    Form active systems
    span(based on Cable structures
    system of forces) Tent structures
    Pneumatic structures
    Arch structures

    02
    Vector active systems
    Flat Trusses
    Curved Trusses
    Prismatic (3D) Trusses
    Space Trusses

    03
    Section active Systems
    Beam structures
    Frame structures
    Slab structures

    04
    Surface active systems
    Plate structures
    Folded structures
    Shell structures
    Arch structures

    Tent structures Pneumatic


    structures
    Cable structures
    Space Trusses

    Curved Trusses

    Flat Trusses

    Prismatic (3D) Trusses


    Frame structures

    Slab structures
    Beam structures
    Folded structures

    Shell structures
    Section active Systems
    These are systems of rigid, solid, linear elements, in which redirection of forces is
    effected by mobilization of sectional forces. Examples are:
    I. Beam structures
    II. Frame structures
    III. Slab structures
    Portal frame – in situ RC
    Portal frame – precast
    Portal frame – prefabricated steel
    Portal Frame
    • A portal frame consists of vertical member called Columns and top
    member which may be horizontal, curved or pitched.
    • Rigidly connected
    • They are used in the construction of large sheds, bridges and
    viaducts ,Industrial buildings, Infra projects
    • The base of portal frame may be hinged or fixed.
    • The portal frames have high stability against lateral forces
    • A portal frame is a statically indeterminate structure.
    Portal Frame
    Portal frame structures are designed to span between supports and
    rely on fixed joints with moment resisting capacity where vertical
    supports connect to horizontal beams or trusses. Portal frame
    structures can be constructed using a variety of materials and
    methods
    What is the difference between sway and non sway
    frame?
    If a structure is stable in any condition, then it is called non-
    sway structure, if not it is a sway structure. if the supports are not in
    the same position, sway occurs. if the applied load is not acting at the
    center of the structure, sway will occur and the structure
    will sway towards less load side.
    Structural Concept
    Comparison Structural Forms
    Frame stability
    In-plane stability is provided by
    frame continuity. In the longitudinal
    direction, stability is provided by
    vertical bracing in the elevations.
    The vertical bracing may be at both
    ends of the building, or in one bay
    only. Each frame is connected to
    the vertical bracing by a hot-rolled
    member at eaves level. A typical
    bracing arrangement is shown in
    the figure.
    Portal Frames -Example
    Portal Frames -Example
    Portal Frame
    The main (portal) frames are generally fabricated from Steel sections with a substantial eaves haunch
    section, which may be cut from a rolled section or fabricated from plate. A typical frame is characterised by:

     A span between 15 and 50 m


     An clear height (from the top of the floor to the underside of the haunch) between 5 and 12 m
     A roof pitch between 5° and 10° (6° is commonly adopted)
     A frame spacing between 6 and 8 m
     Haunches in the rafters at the eaves and apex
     A stiffness ratio between the column and rafter section of approximately 1.5
     Light gauge purlins and side rails
     Light gauge diagonal ties from some purlins and side rails to restrain the inside flange of the
    frame at certain locations.
    Portal Frames -
    Portal Frames - Pitched
    roof symmetric

    Generally fabricated from with a substantial eaves haunch section, which may be cut
    from a rolled section or fabricated from plate. 25 to 35 m are the most efficient spans.
    Portal frame with internal mezzanine floor

    Office accommodation is often provided within a portal frame structure using a partial width
    mezzanine floor. The assessment of frame stability must include the effect of the mezzanine
    Crane portal frame with column brackets

    Where a travelling crane of relatively low capacity (up to say 20 tonnes) is


    required, brackets can be fixed to the columns to support the crane rails. Use of a
    tie member or rigid column bases may be necessary to reduce the eaves deflection.
    The spread of the frame at crane rail level may be of critical importance to the
    functioning of the crane; requirements should be agreed with the client and with
    the crane manufacturer.
    Tied portal frame

     In a tied portal frame the horizontal movement of the eaves and the bending
    moments in the columns and rafters are reduced. A tie may be useful to limit
    spread in a crane-supporting structure.

     The high axial forces introduced in the frame when a tie is used.
    Mono-pitch portal frame Propped portal frame

    A mono pitch portal frame is usually


    chosen for small spans or because of its
    proximity to other buildings. It is a simple Where the span of a portal frame is large
    variation of the pitched roof portal frame, and there is no requirement to provide a
    and tends to be used for smaller buildings clear span, a propped portal frame can be
    (up to 15 m span) used to reduce the rafter size and also
    the horizontal shear at the foundations.
    Curved rafter portal frame
    Mansard portal frame

    • A mansard portal frame may be


    used where a large clear height at
    mid-span is required but the eaves • Portal frames may be constructed using
    height of the building has to be curved rafters, mainly for architectural
    minimised. reasons. Because of transport
    limitations rafters longer than 20 m may
    require splices, which should be carefully
    detailed for architectural reasons.
    • The curved member is often modelled for
    analysis as a series of straight elements
    • Alternatively, the rafter can be fabricated as
    a series of straight elements. It will be
    necessary to provide purlin cleats of varying
    height to achieve the curved external profile
    Cellular beam portal frame

    Rafters may be fabricated from cellular


    beams for aesthetic reasons or when
    providing long spans. Where transport
    limitations impose requirement for splices,
    they should be carefully detailed, to
    preserve the architectural features.
    The sections used cannot develop plastic
    hinges at a cross-section, so only elastic
    design is used.
    Does anyone have any questions?

    THANKS [email protected]
    +91 9987038532
    Prof.Anil Pawade

    CREDITS: This presentation template was


    created by Slidesgo, including icons by Flaticon,
    and infographics & images by Freepik

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