3.2.14.2 Seismic and Other Extreme Event Design and Detailing Requirement

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The modification factor, m, shall be based on a non-uniformly distributed bearing stress.

3.2.14.2 Seismic and Other Extreme Event Design and Detailing Requirement
Sufficient reinforcement shall be provided around the anchor bolts to develop the level of horizontal
forces considered at the extreme event limit state and anchor them into the mass of the substructure
unit. Potential concrete crack surfaces next to the bearing anchorage shall be identified and their shear
friction capacity evaluated as required.

3.2.14.3 Corrosion Protection


All exposed steel parts of bearings not made from stainless steel shall be protected against corrosion by
zinc metallization, hot dip galvanizing, or a paint system approved by the Engineer. A combination of
zinc metallization or hot-dip galvanizing and a paint system may be used.

3.3 Design Loads


3.3.1 Permanent Loads
• CR = force effects due to creep
• DD = down drag force
• DC = dead load of structural components and nonstructural attachments
• DW = dead load of wearing surface and utilities
• EH = horizontal earth pressure load
• EL = accumulated locked-in effects resulting from construction process,
including the secondary forces from post-tensioning
• ES = earth surcharge load
• EV = vertical pressure from dead load of earth fill
• PS = secondary forces from post-tensioning
• SH = force effects due to shrinkage

3.3.2 Transient Loads


• BL = blast loading
• BR = vehicular braking force
• CE = vehicular centrifugal force
• CR = creep
• CT = vehicular collision force
• CV = vessel collision force
• EQ = earthquake load
• FR = friction load
• IM = vehicular dynamic load allowance
• LL = vehicular live load
• LS = live load surcharge
• PL = pedestrian live load
• SE = force effects due to settlement
• TG = force effect due to temperature gradient
• TU = force effect due to uniform temperature
• WA = water load and stream pressure
• WS = wind load on structure

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