GNS 430 (A) PDF

GNS 430(A)
Pilot’s Guide and Reference
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RECORD OF REVISIONS
Revision Date of Revision Description

A 12/98 Initial Release
B 4/99 Update to conform to recent SW changes
C 6/99 Added Addendum
D 7/99 Update for SW 2.10
E 4/00 Update for SW 2.15
F 7/00 Updated Power On, Wind Vector, Crossfill, DME, and Fuel Plan
G 5/03 Added FDE Section, updated per SW 5.01, misc. changes
H 5/06 Changed to 8 inch x 8.5 inch format. Added TERRAIN, misc. changes
J 6/06 Made various layout corrections, no content changes
K 2/07 Updated per Main SW v5.02
L 10/07 Updated per Main SW v5.03
M 05/08 Removed Proximity Advisory info from Section 12
N 08/08 Converted format of figures to accommodate printing process
P 12/09 Added Section 12.2, GTS 8XX Traffic Systems
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference i

COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.
This manual reflects the operation of Main System Software version 5.03 or later. Some differences may be observed when
comparing the information in this manual to other software versions.
Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062 USA
p: 913.397.8200 f: 913.397.8282
Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Road SE, Salem, Oregon 97302 USA
p: 503.391.3411 f: 503.364.2138
Garmin (Europe) Ltd., Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road, Hounsdown Business Park, Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K.
p: +44/ (0) 870.8501241 f: +44/ (0) 870.8501251
Garmin (Asia) Corp., No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road., Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan
p: 886/2.2642.9199 f : 886/2.2642-9099
Website Address: www.garmin.com
Visit the Garmin website for the latest updates and supplemental information concerning the operation of this and other Garmin
products.
Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this manual may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded or
stored in any storage medium, for any purpose without the express written permission of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permission
to download a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium to
be viewed for personal use, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual or revision must contain the complete text
of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution of this manual or any revision hereto is
strictly prohibited.
Garmin® and AutoLocate® are registered trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries and may not be used without the express
permission of Garmin.
GNS™, GDL™, GTX™, PhaseTrac12™, and Spell’N’Find™ are trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries and may not be used
without the express permission of Garmin.
NavData® is a registered trademark of Jeppesen, Inc.
December 2009 190-00140-00 Rev. P Printed in the U.S.A.
ii GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION. .......................................... 1-1 SECTION 8: NRST PAGES.................................................. 8-1

1.1 Accessories and Packing List.................................. 1-1 8.1 NRST Page Group...................................................... 8-1
1.2 Key and Knob Functions.......................................... 1-2 8.2 Nearest Airport Page................................................ 8-4
1.3 Takeoff Tour................................................................ 1-5 8.3 Nearest Intersection Page....................................... 8-6
8.4 Nearest NDB Page..................................................... 8-6
SECTION 2: COM. ................................................................. 2-1 8.5 Nearest VOR Page..................................................... 8-7
2.1 Communicating using the GNS 430....................... 2-1 8.6 Nearest User Waypoint Page.................................. 8-8
8.7 Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page................................. 8-9
SECTION 3: NAV PAGES ................................................... 3-1 8.8 Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page......... 8-10
3.1 Main Page Groups..................................................... 3-1
8.9 Nearest Airspace Page........................................... 8-11
3.2 NAV Page Group........................................................ 3-1
3.3 Default NAV Page...................................................... 3-2 SECTION 9: VLOC RECEIVER........................................... 9-1
3.4 Map Page.................................................................... 3-5 9.1 VLOC (VOR/LOCALIZER/GLIDESLOPE) Receiver
3.5 TERRAIN Page........................................................... 3-14 Operations.......................................................................... 9-1
3.6 NAV/COM Page......................................................... 3-17
3.7 Position Page........................................................... 3-19
SECTION 10: AUX PAGES................................................ 10-1
10.1 AUX Page Group.................................................... 10-1
3.8 Satellite Status Page.............................................. 3-22
10.2 Flight Planning Page............................................ 10-2
3.9 Vertical Navigation Page....................................... 3-24
10.3 Utility Page........................................................... 10-12
SECTION 4: DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION......................... 4-1 10.4 Setup 1 Page........................................................ 10-20
4.1 Overview..................................................................... 4-1 10.5 Setup 2 Page........................................................ 10-27
SECTION 5: FLIGHT PLANS.............................................. 5-1 SECTION 11: TERRAIN...................................................... 11-1

11.1 INTRODUCTION....................................................... 11-1
5.1 Flight Plan Catalog Page......................................... 5-1
11.2 TERRAIN Page......................................................... 11-3
5.2 Active Flight Plan Page............................................ 5-8
11.3 TERRAIN Alerts....................................................... 11-4
SECTION 6: PROCEDURES................................................ 6-1 11.4 Database Information for TERRAIN................... 11-9
6.1 Approaches, Departures, and Arrivals.................. 6-1 SECTION 12: ADDITIONAL FEATURES...................... 12-1
6.2 Non-Precision Approach Operations..................... 6-3 12.1 Traffic Information Service (TIS)........................ 12-1
6.3 ILS Approaches........................................................ 6-26 12.2 GTS 8XX Traffic Systems.................................... 12-11
6.4 Points to Remember for All Approaches........... 6-32 12.3 Weather Data Link Interface............................ 12-18
SECTION 7: WPT PAGES.................................................... 7-1 SECTION 13: FAULT DETECTION & EXCLUSION. . 13-1
7.1 WPT Page Group........................................................ 7-1 13.1 Detection and Exclusion...................................... 13-1
7.2 Airport Location Page.............................................. 7-4 13.2 Pre-Departure Verification of FDE..................... 13-2
7.3 Airport Runway Page............................................... 7-5
7.4 Airport Frequency Page........................................... 7-6 SECTION 14: MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, &
7.5 Airport Approach Page............................................ 7-8 NAV TERMS............................................................................. 14-1
7.6 Airport Arrival Page................................................ 7-11 14.1 Messages................................................................. 14-1
7.7 Airport Departure Page......................................... 7-13 14.2 Abbreviations......................................................... 14-9
7.8 Intersection Page.................................................... 7-14 14.3 Navigation Terms................................................ 14-12
7.9 NDB Page................................................................... 7-15 Appendix A: Data Card Use...........................................A-1
7.10 VOR Page................................................................. 7-15
7.11 User Waypoint Page............................................. 7-17
Appendix B: Specifications. ..........................................B-1
Appendix C: Troubleshooting Q & A. .......................C-1
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference iii

WARNINGS,
CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the TERRAIN function.
The TERRAIN feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not
relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during flight. The TERRAIN feature is
only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance and is not certified for use in applications requiring a certified
terrain awareness system. Terrain data is obtained from third party sources. Garmin is not able to independently
verify the accuracy of the terrain data.
WARNING: The terrain data should be used only as an aid for situational awareness. Terrain data must not
be used as the sole basis for decisions or maneuvers to avoid terrain or obstacles. Terrain data must not be
used for navigation.
WARNING: The altitude calculated by GNS 430 GPS receivers is geometric height above Mean Sea Level and
could vary significantly from the altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in aircraft. GPS altitude should never
be used for vertical navigation. Always use pressure altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in the aircraft.
WARNING: The Jeppesen database used in the GNS 430 system must be updated regularly in order to ensure
that its information remains current. Updates are released every 28 days. A database information packet is
included in the GNS 430 package. Pilots using an outdated database do so entirely at their own risk.
WARNING: The basemap (land and water data) must not be used for navigation, but rather only for non-
navigational situational awareness. Any basemap indication should be compared with other navigation
sources.
WARNING: For safety reasons, GNS 430 operational procedures must be learned on the ground.
WARNING: The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible
for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and
performance of all GPS equipment. Portions of the Garmin GNS 430 utilize GPS as a precision electronic
NAVigation AID (NAVAID). Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the GNS 430 can be
misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe.
iv GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

WARNINGS,
CAUTIONS, AND NOTES
WARNING: Use the GNS 430 at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and
understand all aspects of the GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide documentation and the GNS 430 Flight Manual Supplement.
Thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. During flight operations, carefully compare indications
from the GNS 430 to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual
sightings, charts, etc. For safety purposes, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.
CAUTION: The GNS 430 display screen is coated with a special anti-reflective coating that is very sensitive to
skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners. CLEANERS CONTAINING AMMONIA WILL HARM THE ANTI-REFLECTIVE
COATING. It is very important to clean the screen using a clean, lint-free cloth and an eyeglass lens cleaner
that is specified as safe for anti-reflective coatings.
CAUTION: The Garmin GNS 430 does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by
an authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could void both the warranty and
the pilot’s authority to operate this device under FAA/FCC regulations.
NOTE: All visual depictions contained within this document, including screen images of the GNS 430 panel and
displays, are subject to change and may not reflect the most current GNS 430 system. Depictions of equipment
may differ slightly from the actual equipment.
NOTE: This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation.
NOTE: Unless otherwise specified within this manual, the term ‘GNS 430’ applies to both the GNS 430 and the
GNS 430A models. Please, note that the difference between these two models is indicated under ‘VHF COM
Performance’ in the Specifications section of this manual (Appendix B).
NOTE: This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of California to
cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being provided in accordance with California’s
Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional information, please refer to our website at
www.garmin.com/prop65.
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference v

WARRANTY
AVIATION LIMITED WARRANTY

All Garmin avionics products are warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for: two years from the date of
purchase for new Remote-Mount and Panel-Mount products; one year from the date of purchase for new portable products and any
purchased newly-overhauled products; six months for newly-overhauled products exchanged through a Garmin Authorized Service
Center; and 90 days for factory repaired or newly-overhauled products exchanged at Garmin in lieu of repair. Within the applicable
period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be
made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost.
This warranty does not apply to: (i) cosmetic damage, such as scratches, nicks and dents; (ii) consumable parts, such as batteries,
unless product damage has occurred due to a defect in materials or workmanship; (iii) damage caused by accident, abuse, misuse,
water, flood, fire, or other acts of nature or external causes; (iv) damage caused by service performed by anyone who is not an
authorized service provider of Garmin; or (v) damage to a product that has been modified or altered without the written permission of
Garmin. In addition, Garmin reserves the right to refuse warranty claims against products or services that are obtained and/or used
in contravention of the laws of any country.
THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, WHETHER
EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY
FROM STATE TO STATE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER
RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE PRODUCT. SOME STATES DO
NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO
YOU.
Garmin retains the exclusive right to repair or replace (with a new or newly-overhauled replacement product) the product or software
or offer a full refund of the purchase price at its sole discretion. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR
ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY.
Online Auction Purchases: Products purchased through online auctions are not eligible for warranty coverage. Online auction
conﬁrmations are not accepted for warranty veriﬁcation. To obtain warranty service, an original or copy of the sales receipt from the
original retailer is required. Garmin will not replace missing components from any package purchased through an online auction.
International Purchases: A separate warranty may be provided by international distributors for devices purchased outside the
United States depending on the country. If applicable, this warranty is provided by the local in-country distributor and this distributor
provides local service for your device. Distributor warranties are only valid in the area of intended distribution. Devices purchased in
the United States or Canada must be returned to the Garmin service center in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, or
Taiwan for service.
To obtain warranty service, contact your local Garmin Authorized Service Center. For assistance in locating a Service Center near you,
visit the Garmin Website at ‘http://www.garmin.com’ or contact Garmin Customer Service at 800-800-1020.
vi GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION The Garmin dealer installs and configures the GNS
430. The GNS 430 is secured in the installation rack
with the proper wiring connections. A Garmin dealer can
1.1 Accessories and Packing List answer questions about the installation, such as location
of antennas or any connections to other equipment in the
Congratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced panel. After installation, the NavData Card and the Terrain
panel mount IFR navigation/communication system Data Card (if applicable) are installed into the correct slot
available. The GNS 430 represents Garmin’s commitment on the front of the unit (Appendix A).
to provide accurate, easy-to-use avionics.
Before installing and getting started with the GNS 430,
please check to see that the package includes the following NOTE: Help Garmin provide better support by
completing on-line registration. Registration
items. If any parts are missing or damaged, please contact
ensures notification of product updates, new
a Garmin dealer immediately. products, and provides for lost or stolen unit
Standard Package: tracking. Have the serial number of the GNS
430 available and connect to the website (www.
• GNS 430 Unit garmin.com). Look for the product registration
link on the home page.
• NavData® Card
• Terrain Data Card
• Installation Rack
• Connectors
• GPS Antenna
• Pilot’s Guide
• Quick Reference Guide
• Database Subscription Packet
• Warranty Registration Card
• GNS 430 Simulator CD-ROM
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-1

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
1.2 Key and Knob Functions Experiment with the unit and refer to the reference
sections for more information.
The GNS 430 is designed to make operation as simple Data is entered using the large and small knobs.
as possible. The key and knob descriptions (Figure Experiment with them to become efficient at entering data.
1-1) provide a general overview of the primary function(s) This greatly reduces the amount of time spent operating
for each key and knob. The takeoff tour (Section 1.3) the GNS 430 in flight.
is intended to provide a brief overview of the primary
functions of the GNS 430.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Figure 1-1 Keys and Knobs
1 COM Power/Volume 7 RNG (map range) 13 OBS

2 VLOC Volume 8 MENU 14 MSG (message)
3 COM Flip-flop 9 ENT (enter) 15 FPL (flight plan)
4 VLOC Flip-flop 10 Small left knob 16 PROC (procedures)
5 CLR (clear) 11 Large left knob 17 Large right knob
6 Direct-to 12 CDI 18 Small right knob
1-2 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Left-hand Keys and Knobs Right-hand Keys and Knobs

(1) COM Power/Volume Knob – Controls unit power (5) CLR Key – Used to erase information, remove map
and communications radio volume. Press momentarily to detail, or to cancel an entry. Press and hold the CLR key
disable automatic squelch control. to immediately display the Default NAV Page.
(2) VLOC Volume Knob – Controls audio volume for (6) Direct-to Key – Provides access to the direct-to
the selected VOR/Localizer frequency. Press momentarily function, which allows the pilot to enter a destination
to enable/disable the ident tone. waypoint and establishes a direct course to the selected
(3) COM Flip-flop Key – Used to swap the active and destination (Section 4).
standby COM frequencies. Press and hold to select (7) RNG Key – Allows the pilot to select the desired map
emergency channel (121.500 MHz). range. Use the up arrow to zoom out to a larger area, or
(4) VLOC Flip-flop Key – Used to swap the active and the down arrow to zoom in to a smaller area.
standby VLOC frequencies (i.e., make the selected standby (8) MENU Key – Displays a context-sensitive list of
frequency active). options. This options list allows the pilot to access
(10) Small Left Knob (COM/VLOC) – Used to tune additional features or make settings changes which relate
the kilohertz (kHz) value of the standby frequency for to the currently displayed page.
the communications transceiver (COM) or the VLOC (9) ENT Key – Used to approve an operation or complete
receiver, whichever is currently selected by the tuning data entry. It is also used to confirm information during
cursor. Press this knob momentarily to toggle the tuning power on.
cursor between the COM and VLOC frequency fields. (17) Large Right Knob – Used to select page groups:
(11) Large Left Knob (COM/VLOC) – Used to tune the NAV, WPT, AUX, or NRST. With the on-screen cursor
megahertz (MHz) value of the standby frequency for the enabled, the large right knob allows the pilot to move
communications transceiver (COM) or the VLOC receiver, the cursor about the page. The large right knob is also
whichever is currently selected by the tuning cursor. used to move the target pointer right (turn clockwise) or
left (counterclockwise) when the map panning function
is active.
(18) Small Right Knob – Used to select pages within one
of the groups listed above. Press this knob momentarily
to display the on-screen cursor. The cursor allows the
pilot to enter data and/or make a selection from a list of
options. When entering data, the small knob is used to
select the desired letter or number and the large knob is
used to move to the next character space. The small right
knob is also used to move the target pointer up (turn
clockwise) or down (counterclockwise) when the map
panning function is active.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
NOTE: When the GNS 430 displays a list of Bottom Row Keys
information that is too long for the display (12) CDI Key – Used to toggle which navigation source
screen, a scroll bar appears along the right-hand (GPS or VLOC) provides output to an external HSI or
side of the display (Figure 1-2). The scroll bar CDI.
graphically indicates the number of additional
(13) OBS Key – Selects OBS mode, which retains the
items available within the selected category. To
scroll through the list, press the small right knob
current ‘active to’ waypoint as the navigation reference
to activate the cursor, then turn the large right even after passing the waypoint (i.e., prevents sequencing
knob. to the next waypoint). Pressing the OBS Key again returns
the unit to normal operation, with automatic sequencing
Scroll Bar of waypoints. When OBS mode is selected, the pilot
may set the desired course to/from a waypoint using the
‘Select OBS Course’ pop-up window, or an external
OBS selector on the HSI or CDI.
(14) MSG Key – Used to view system messages and to
alert the pilot to important warnings and requirements.
See Section 14.1 for more information on messages.
(15) FPL Key – Allows the pilot to create, edit, activate,
and invert flight plans, as well as access approaches,
Figure 1-2 Scroll Bar departures, and arrivals. A closest point to flight plan
feature is also made available by pressing the FPL Key.
See Section 5 for more information on flight plans.
(16) PROC Key – Allows the pilot to select and remove
approaches, departures, and arrivals from the flight plan.
When using a flight plan, available procedures for the
departure and/or arrival airport are offered automatically.
Otherwise, the pilot may select the desired airport, then
the desired procedure.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
1.3 Takeoff Tour After becoming familiar with the basics, some suggested
reading within this Pilot’s Guide includes:
Overview • Flight plan features - Section 5
The Garmin GNS 430 provides the pilot accurate • IFR procedures - Section 6
navigational data and communication capability, along • Waypoint information pages (database
with non-precision and precision approach certification information) - Section 7
in the IFR environment. The takeoff tour is designed to
familiarize the pilot with: • Unit settings (configuring the unit to the pilot’s
preferences) - Section 10
• Powering up the unit
If more information is needed, Garmin’s Customer
• Changing frequencies
Service staff is available during normal business hours
• Entering data (U.S. Central time zone) at the phone and fax numbers
• Performing a simple direct-to listed on page ii. Garmin can also be reached by mail
(page ii) or at our website address, www.garmin.com.
• Selecting IFR procedures
• Using some limited flight plans Powering up the GNS 430
In addition, this section briefly covers the Default NAV The GNS 430’s power and COM volume are controlled
Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/COM Page, which are using the COM Power/Volume Knob at the top left
available as part of the NAV Page Group. These pages are corner of the unit. Turning it clockwise turns unit power
used for most of the in-flight navigation. on and increases the COM radio volume. After turning
The takeoff tour assumes that the unit and antennas the unit on, a welcome page appears briefly while the
have been properly installed and that the GNS 430’s unit performs a self test, followed sequentially by the Unit
default settings have not been changed. If any of the Type Page (Figure 1-3) and the Software Version Page.
factory default settings (position format, units of measure, Then (depending on configuration) the Weather Page,
selectable fields, etc.) have been changed, the pictures the Traffic Page, the Aviation Data Page, the Land/Terrain/
shown here may not exactly match what is shown on Obstacles Database Page, and the Situational Awareness
the GNS 430. Prior to using the GNS 430 for the first Page are sequentially displayed.
time, Garmin recommends that the aircraft be moved to a
location that is well away from buildings and other aircraft
so the unit can collect satellite data without interruption.
This takeoff tour is intended to provide a brief
introduction of the GNS 430’s major features. Sections
2 through 13 of this manual describe these features, and
others in additional detail. Refer to these sections, as
needed to learn or review the details regarding a particular
feature. Figure 1-3 Unit Type Page

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
The Database Versions Page (Figure 1-4) appears To ensure that the GNS 430 and any connected
next, which shows the current database information instruments are working properly, check for the following
on the NavData and Terrain Data cards. Database indications on the CDI/HSI, RMI, external annunciators,
information highlighted in yellow indicates the database and other connected instruments:
is not within its effective dates. The NavData database is • Course deviation - Half left/no flag
updated every 28 days and must be current for approved
instrument approach operations. Information on database • TO/FROM flag - TO
subscriptions is available inside the GNS 430 package. • Bearing to destination - 135°
• Distance to destination - 10.0 nm
• All external annunciators (if installed) - On
• Glideslope - Half up/no flag
• Time to destination - 4 minutes
• Desired track - 149.5°
• Ground speed - 150 knots
Figure 1-4 Database Versions Page
The Instrument Panel Self-test Page (Figure 1-5)
indicates the currently selected OBS course, fuel capacity
To acknowledge the database information: (CAP), fuel on board (FOB), and fuel flow (FF). The fuel
Press the ENT Key. capacity, fuel on board, and fuel flow may be manually
entered if the installation does not include connection to
Instrument Panel Self-test Page
sensors which automatically provide these figures.
Once the database has been acknowledged, the To enter fuel capacity, fuel on board or fuel
Instrument Panel Self-Test Page appears (Figure 1-5). flow figures (if not provided by sensors):
1) Turn the large right knob to select the ‘CAP’,
‘FOB’, or ‘FF’ field.
Figure 1-5 Instrument Panel Self-Test Page

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
2) Turn the small and large right knobs to enter To view the Checklists Page:
the desired figure (Figures 1-5 and 1-6) and 1) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Go To
press the ENT Key. Chklist?’ (Figure 1-8) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 1-6 Fuel Flow Selected Figure 1-8 ‘Go To Chklist?’ Highlighted
The Instrument Panel Self-test Page includes selections
2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired
to set fuel on board (FOB) to full capacity and access the
checklist, then execute each step (Section
Checklists Page. This allows the pilot to quickly set fuel
10.3, Utility Page: Checklists) in the selected
to full limits and display any checklists that have been
checklist.
entered, such as start up or takeoff checklists.
3) Once the pilot completes the desired checklist(s),
To set fuel on board to full (if not provided
press the small right knob to return to the
by sensor):
Checklists Page. Press the small right knob
1) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Set Full again to return to normal operation on the
Fuel?’ (Figure 1-7). Satellite Status Page or the Map Page.
4) Once instrument operation has been verified
with the Instrument Panel Self-test Page
displayed, press the ENT Key.
NOTE: The GNS 430 can hold up to nine checklists

with up to 30 entries in each checklist.
Figure 1-7 ‘Set Full Fuel?’ Highlighted
2) Press the ENT Key and verify that fuel on board

(‘FOB’) now matches the fuel capacity (CAP)
figure. Fuel on board is reduced, over time,
based on the fuel flow (FF) figure.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Satellite Status Page ‘Searching Sky’ indicates that satellite almanac data is
not available or has expired (if the unit hasn’t been used
The Satellite Status Page (Figure 1-9) appears as the
for six months or more). This means the unit is acquiring
GNS 430 attempts to collect satellite information.
satellite data to establish almanac and satellite orbit
When an ‘Acquiring’ status is displayed on the Satellite
information, which can take five to ten minutes. The data
Status Page, the signal strengths of any satellites received
is recollected from the first available satellite. The Satellite
appear as ‘bar graph’ readings. This is a good indication
Status Page displays a ‘Search Sky’ status, and the message
that the unit is receiving signals and a position fix is being
annunciator (MSG), above the MSG Key also flashes to
determined. Following the first-time use of the GNS 430,
alert the pilot of system message, ‘Searching the Sky’.
the time required for a position fix varies, usually from
one to two minutes. To view a system message:
Press the MSG Key (Figure 1-10).
The Message Page appears and displays the status or
warning information applicable to the receiver’s current
operating condition.
Figure 1-9 Satellite Status Page
If the unit can only obtain enough satellites for 2D

navigation (no altitude), the unit uses the altitude provided
by the altitude encoder (if one is connected).
The ‘INTEG’ annunciator (bottom left corner of the Figure 1-10 Message Page
screen) indicates that satellite coverage is insufficient to
pass built-in integrity monitoring tests. In the example To return to the previous page after
above, not enough satellites are being received to determine viewing a message:
a position. The Satellite Status Page shows the ID numbers Press the MSG Key again.
for the satellites and the relative signal strength of each
satellite received (as a bar graph reading). NOTE: The GNS 430 utilizes certain software
algorithms to ensure reliable GPS receiver
operation. Receiver Autonomous Integrity
Monitoring (RAIM) and Fault Detection and
Exclusion (FDE) are two examples. These features
allow navigation during Oceanic/Remote legs of
a flight using the GNS 430. For further details,
please refer to Sections 10.3 and 12.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Selecting COM and VLOC Frequencies To place the standby communication

frequency in the active field:
While the GNS 430 is acquiring a position, take a
minute to dial in the active and standby frequencies to Press the COM Flip-flop Key (Figure 1-12).
be used for the first phase of the flight. The GNS 430’s
display is divided into separate windows (or screen areas),
including a COM Window, VLOC Window, and the GPS
Window (Figure 1-11).
COM Window GPS Window
Active Frequency
Standby Frequency
Figure 1-12 Active Frequency 135.325 MHz
VLOC
Window Once the active frequency has been entered, repeat
steps 1 and 2 to enter the standby frequency. After both
communication frequencies have been entered, the COM
Window may be kept ‘hot’ by leaving the cursor on the
Figure 1-11 Standby Frequency 135.325 MHz standby frequency. Move the cursor to the VLOC Window
by pressing the small left knob.
To change the standby communication
frequency: NOTE: When selecting VLOC frequencies, the
1) Press the small left knob if needed, to move tuning cursor automatically returns to the COM
the tuning cursor to the COM Window (Figure Window after 30 seconds of inactivity.
1-11). To change the standby VLOC frequency:
2) Turn the large left knob to select the MHz, 1) Press the small left knob if needed, to activate
and the small left knob to select the kHz of the tuning cursor in the VLOC Window.
the desired frequency.
2) Turn the large left knob to select the MHz,
and the small left knob to select the kHz of
the desired frequency.
To place the standby frequency in the
active field:
Press the NAV Flip-flop Key.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Page Groups NAV Pages

There are seven pages available under the NAV Page
Page Groups Group*:
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group • Default NAV Page
see Section 3 see Section 7 see Section 10 see Section 8 • Map Page
Table 1-1 Page Groups • TERRAIN Page
The bottom right corner of the screen (Figure 1-13) • NAV/COM Page
indicates which page group (Table 1-1) is currently being • Position Page
displayed, the number of pages available within that group • Satellite Status Page
(indicated by square icons), and the placement of the
current page within that group (indicated by a highlighted • Vertical Navigation Page
square icon). The Default NAV Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/
In addition to the NAV Page Group, additional page groups COM Page are used for most of the in-flight navigation.
are available for waypoint information (WPT), auxiliary
(AUX) functions such as flight planning or unit settings, and NOTE: *Eight or nine NAV pages are available
listings for nearest (NRST) airports or other facilities. when the GNS 430 installation includes
connection to traffic and/or weather information
sources. See the 400/500 Series Display
Interfaces Pilot’s Guide Addendum, p/n 190-
00140-10, or Section 12, Additional Features.
To select the NAV Page Group and display

Position of the Default NAV Page:
Current Page Press and hold the CLR Key.
within Current
Page Group
Number of Pages in To select the desired NAV Page:
Current Page Group
Current Page Group Turn the small right knob until the desired
Figure 1-13 Current Page and Page Group page is displayed.
To select the desired page group:

Turn the large right knob until a page from the
desired page group is displayed (Figure 1-13).
To select the desired page within the page
group:
Turn the small right knob until the desired page
is displayed (Figure 1-13).

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Map Page To change the map range, press the up arrow (to zoom
out) or the down arrow (to zoom in) of the RNG (map
After the GNS 430 acquires satellites and computes
range) Key. The current map range is depicted in the
a position, the Map Page (Figure 1-14) appears
lower left corner of the Map Display.
automatically.
Map Display Desired Track Direct-to Navigation
Map Range Present Position Data Fields The GNS 430 can use direct point-to-point navigation
to provide guidance from takeoff to touchdown, even
in the IFR environment. Once a destination is selected,
the unit provides speed, course, and distance data based
upon a direct course from the present position to the
destination. A destination can be selected from any page
with the Direct-to Key.
To select a direct-to destination:
Figure 1-14 Map Page 1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to
Waypoint Page appears with the destination
The Map Page displays the present position (using an
field highlighted.
airplane symbol) relative to nearby airports, VORs, NDBs,
intersections, user waypoints, and airspace boundaries. 2) Turn the small right knob to enter the first
The route is displayed as a solid line. letter of the destination waypoint identifier.
Data fields for destination waypoint (WPT), distance The destination waypoint may be an airport,
to waypoint (DIS), desired track (DTK), and ground speed VOR, NDB, intersection, or user waypoint,
(GS) appear on the right-hand side of the display. These as long as it is in the database or stored in
fields are user selectable (Section 3.4, Selecting Desired memory as a user waypoint.
On-screen Data) to allow the pilot to configure the unit. 3) Turn the large right knob to the right to move
Available settings include: altitude, bearing, enroute safe the cursor to the next character position.
altitude, estimated time of arrival, minimum safe altitude, 4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 to spell out the rest of
and ground track. the waypoint identifier (Figure 1-15).
A Map Setup Page is provided to designate the
maximum range at which each map feature appears.
These settings provide an automatic decluttering of the
map (based upon preferences) while adjusting the range.
See Section 14.3 for definitions of these navigation terms.
While viewing the Map Page, the pilot can quickly
declutter and remove many of the background map details
by pressing the CLR Key (repeatedly) until the desired
detail is depicted.
Figure 1-15 Direct-to Waypoint Page

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the identifier. The The Default NAV Page (Figure 1-17) displays a graphic
‘Activate?’ function field is highlighted (Figure course deviation indicator (CDI), the active leg of the flight
1-16). plan (as defined by the current ‘from’ and ‘to’ waypoints),
and six user-selectable data fields. The default settings for
these fields are distance to waypoint (DIS), desired track
(DTK), bearing to waypoint (BRG), ground speed (GS),
ground track (TRK), and estimated time enroute (ETE).
See Section 14.3 for definitions of these navigation terms.
To change the data fields:
1) From the Default NAV page, press the MENU
Figure 1-16 ‘Activate?’ Highlighted
Key and select ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure 1-18).
6) Press the ENT Key to activate a direct-to course

to the selected destination.
Once a direct-to destination is selected, press and hold
the CLR Key to display the Default NAV Page.
Default NAV Page
During most flights, the Default NAV Page, the Map
Figure 1-18 Default NAV Page Menu
Page, and the NAV/COM Page are the primary pages used
for navigation.
2) Turn the large right knob to select the data
To select the Default NAV Page: field to be changed.
Press and hold the CLR Key (Figure 3) Turn the small right knob to display a list of
1-17). data options (Figure 1-19).
Active Leg of TO/FROM Flag Course Deviation
Flight Plan Indicator (CDI)
User-selectable
Data Fields
Figure 1-19 ‘Select Field Type’ Window

Figure 1-17 Default NAV Page
4) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data
item and return to the Default NAV Page.
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
NAV/COM Page A frequency listed on the NAV/COM Page can be

quickly transferred to the standby field of the COM
From the Default NAV Page, turn the small right knob
Window or the VLOC Window. This time-saving process
until the NAV/COM Page (Figure 1-20) is displayed.
prevents having to ‘re-key’ a frequency already displayed
Departure, Enroute, or Frequency List elsewhere on the screen.
Arrival Airport
To select a communication or navigation
frequency:
1) Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor in the GPS Window.
frequency from the list.
3) Press the ENT Key to transfer the selected
Frequency Type frequency to the standby field in the COM or
Figure 1-20 NAV/COM Page
VLOC Window. COM frequencies automatically
go to the standby field of the COM Window and
The NAV/COM Page displays the available frequencies navigation frequencies automatically go to the
(communications and navigation) for the departure airport, standby field of the VLOC Window, regardless
any enroute airports which are included in the flight plan, of which window is currently highlighted by
and the final destination airport. When using the direct- the cursor.
to function, frequencies are listed for the airport nearest to 4) To activate the selected frequency, press the
the starting position and the destination airport. COM or VLOC Flip-flop Key.
To display the frequency list for the desired
flight plan or direct-to airport:
cursor on the airport identifier field (in the GPS
Window).
2) Turn the small right knob to display the list
of airports (departure, arrival, and enroute) for
the flight plan or direct-to. Continue to turn
the small right knob until the desired airport
is selected.
3) Press the ENT Key to display the frequency list
for the selected airport.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
To display frequencies for a different IFR Procedures

airport along the flight plan.
Once the direct-to or flight plan is confirmed, the whole
1) Press the small right knob to highlight the range of instrument procedures is available. Departures
airport identifier field. (SIDs), arrivals (STARs), and non-precision and precision
2) Turn the small right knob to display the list of approaches are stored within the NavData Card and are
airports within the flight plan (Figure 1-21). available using the PROC (procedures) Key.
To display the Procedures Page (Figure 1-22), press the
PROC Key.
Figure 1-21 Airport Window
3) Continue turning the small right knob to select Figure 1-22 Procedures Page
the desired airport and press the ENT Key. The steps required to select and activate an approach,
departure, or arrival are identical. This introductory
section shows examples of the steps required to select an
approach, but keep in mind the same process also applies
to departures and arrivals.
To select an approach, departure, or arrival:
option (‘Select Approach?’, ‘Select Arrival?’,
or ‘Select Departure?’) from the Procedures
Page.
2) Press the ENT Key to display a list of
available procedures for the arrival (when using
approaches or STARs) or departure (when using
SIDs) airport.
3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
procedure and press the ENT Key.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
4) For approaches, a window appears (Figure Nearest (NRST) Pages

1-23) to select the desired initial approach
The NRST Page Group provides detailed information
fix (IAF) or provide a ‘vectors’ option to select
on the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections,
just the final course segment of the approach.
and user-created waypoints within 200 nm of the current
Turn the small right knob to select the desired
position. In addition, pages are also provided to display
option and press the ENT Key. (The ‘vectors’
the five nearest center (ARTCC/FIR) and Flight Service
option extends the final inbound course beyond
Station (FSS) points of communication, plus alert the
the final approach fix, allowing the pilot to
pilot to any nearby special-use or controlled airspaces.
intercept the final course segment beyond its
There are eight pages available in the NRST group:
normal limits.)
• Nearest Airport Page
• Nearest NDB Page
• Nearest User Waypoint Page
• Nearest FSS Page
• Nearest Intersection Page
• Nearest VOR Page
• Nearest ARTCC Page
Figure 1-23 Approach Window
• Nearest Airspace Page
5) For departures and arrivals, a window appears The communication frequencies and runway
to select the desired transition. Turn the small information may both be examined directly from the
right knob to select the desired option and Nearest Airport Page. As discussed earlier for the NAV/
press the ENT Key. COM Page, the pilot may also place any displayed
In the flight plan or direct-to, the departure or arrival frequency into the standby COM or VLOC field by
airport is replaced with the sequence of waypoints highlighting the frequency with the cursor and pressing
contained within the selected procedure. the ENT Key.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
To display the NRST pages: To view additional information for a nearby

1) If necessary, press and hold the CLR Key to airport:
select the NAV group and display the Default 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
NAV Page. cursor.
2) Turn the large right knob to select the NRST 2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired
Page Group, as indicated by ‘NRST’ appearing airport from the list.
in the lower right corner of the screen. 3) Press the ENT Key to display waypoint (WPT)
3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired information pages for the selected airport
NRST Page. (Figure 1-26).
To display a list of nearby airports:
1) Turn the large right knob to select the NRST
Page Group and (if needed) the small right
knob to select the Nearest Airport Page (Figure
1-24).
Figure 1-26 Airport Location Page
4) To display runway and frequency information,

press the small right knob to remove the
cursor and turn the small right knob to display
the desired information page.
Figure 1-24 Nearest Airport Page
The Nearest Airport Page may be used in conjunction
2) To scroll through the list, press the small right with the Direct-to Key to quickly set a course to a nearby
knob, then turn the large right knob (Figure facility in an in-flight emergency. Selecting a nearby
1-25) airport as a direct-to destination overrides the flight plan
or cancels a previously selected direct-to destination. The
pilot still has the option of returning to the flight plan
by cancelling the direct-to; see Section 4.1, Cancelling
Direct-to Navigation.
Figure 1-25 Scrolling the Nearest Airport List

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
To select a nearby airport as a direct-to Nearest (NRST) Airspace Page

destination from the Nearest Airport Page:
The last page in the NRST group, the Nearest Airspace
1) From the Nearest Airport Page, press the small Page (Figure 1-28), provides information for up to nine
right knob to activate the cursor. controlled or special-use airspaces near or in the flight
2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired path. Airspace information appears on this page based on
airport from the list. the same criteria used for airspace alert messages:
3) Press the Direct-to Key, the ENT Key twice to • If the projected course will take the aircraft inside
navigate to the nearby airport. an airspace within the next ten minutes, the
To select a nearby airport as a direct-to message ‘Airspace ahead -- less than 10 minutes’
destination from the Airport Information appears.
Page: • If the aircraft is within 2 nm of an airspace and the
1) Press the Direct-to Key, then press the ENT current course will take it inside of the airspace,
Key (Figure 1-27). the message ‘Airspace near and ahead’ appears.
• If the aircraft is within 2 nm of an airspace and
the current course will not take it inside of the air-
space, the message ‘Near airspace less than 2nm’
appears.
• If the aircraft has entered an airspace, the message
‘Inside airspace’ appears.
2) Press the ENT Key again to navigate to the

nearby airport.
Figure 1-28 Nearest Airspace Page

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
By default, airspace alert messages are turned off. When Flight Plans (FPL)
turned on, the message (MSG) annunciator located directly
The GNS 430 lets the pilot create up to 20 flight plans
above the MSG Key flashes to alert the pilot to the airspace
with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan. Flight plans
message. See Section 10.4, Setup 1 Page: Airspace Alarms
are created, edited, and activated using the FPL Key. The
for information on enabling airspace alert messages.
FPL Page Group includes two pages: the Active Flight Plan
To view an airspace alert message: Page and the Flight Plan Catalog Page (Figures 1-30 and
1) Press the MSG Key. The Messages Page 1-31). The Active Flight Plan Page provides information
appears with the alert message (Figure and editing features for the flight plan currently in use
1-29). (referred to as ‘flight plan 00’). The Flight Plan Catalog
Page serves as the main page for creating new flight plans,
as well as editing or activating previously created flight
plans.
Figure 1-29 Messages Page
2) Press the MSG Key again to return to the

previous display. Figure 1-30 Active Flight Plan Page
Note that the airspace alerts are based upon three-

dimensional data (latitude, longitude, and altitude) to
avoid nuisance alerts. The alert boundaries for controlled
airspace are also sectorized to provide complete information
on any nearby airspace. Additional information about a
nearby airspace—such as controlling agency, frequency, and
floor/ceiling limits—is available from the Nearest Airspace
Page (Section 8.9).
To view additional airspace information: Figure 1-31 Flight Plan Catalog Page
cursor.
airspace from the list.
3) Press the ENT Key to view the airspace
information.
SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Since using flight plans is arguably one of the more 7) Repeat steps 5 and 6, above, until all waypoints
complex features of the GNS 430, it will be discussed only for the flight plan have been entered (Figure
briefly here, with focus on creating a new flight plan and 1-33).
activating it to use for navigation. Answers to additional
questions about flight plans not found in this brief
introduction can be found in Section 5, Flight Plans.
To create a new flight plan:
1) Press the FPL Key.
2) Turn the small right knob to select the Flight
Plan Catalog Page.
3) Press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan Figure 1-33 Enter Flight Plan Waypoints
Catalog Page Menu (Figure 1-32).
Once the flight plan is created, it may be activated from
the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. Activating the flight
plan places it into ‘flight plan 00’ (a copy of it still resides
in the original catalog location) and replaces any flight
plan which currently exists in ‘flight plan 00’.
To activate the new flight plan:
1) Press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan
Catalog Page Menu.
Figure 1-32 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Activate
Flight Plan?’ (Figure 1-34) and press the ENT
4) Turn the large right knob to select ‘Create New
Key
Flight Plan?’ and press the ENT Key.
5) The cursor appears on the first waypoint identifier
field (located directly below ‘WAYPOINT’). Use
the large and small right knobs to enter the
identifier of the first waypoint in the flight plan.
(The small knob is used to select the desired
letter or number and the large knob is used to
move to the next character space.)
6) Press the ENT Key once the identifier has been Figure 1-34 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu
selected. The cursor moves to the next blank
waypoint identifier field.

SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
Blank Page

SECTION 2
COM
SECTION 2: COM COM Window and Tuning

Communication frequencies are selected with the
tuning cursor in the standby COM frequency field (Figure
2.1 Communicating using the GNS 430 2-1), using the small and large left knobs to tune the
The GNS 430 features a digitally-tuned VHF COM radio desired frequency. The standby frequency always appears
that provides a seamless transition from communication below the active frequency. The active frequency is
to navigation, bringing the two most important functions the frequency currently in use for transmit and receive
in flying together in one panel-mounted unit. The GNS operations.
430’s COM radio operates in the aviation voice band, from ‘RX’ Receive Indication
118.000 to 136.975 MHz, in 25 kHz steps (default). For
European operations, a COM radio configuration to allow
for 8.33 kHz steps is also provided (Section 10.5, Setup 2 Standby COM
Frequency Field
Page: COM Configuration).
Volume
COM radio volume is adjusted using the COM Power/
Volume Knob. Turn the COM Power/Volume Knob
clockwise to increase volume, or counterclockwise to Figure 2-1 ‘RX’ Receive Indication
decrease volume.
A frequency may also be quickly selected from the
Squelch database by simply highlighting the desired frequency on
The COM radio features an automatic squelch, any of the main pages and pressing the ENT Key. This
providing maximum sensitivity to weaker signals while process is referred to as auto-tuning. Once a frequency is
rejecting many localized noise sources. The pilot may selected in the standby field, it may be transferred to the
wish to override this automatic squelch function when active frequency by pressing the COM Flip-flop Key.
listening to a distant station or when setting the desired
volume level. The COM Power/Volume Knob allows
the pilot to disable the automatic squelch and keep
the COM audio open continuously. To override the
automatic squelch, press the COM Power/Volume Knob
momentarily. Press the COM Power/Volume Knob again
to return to automatic squelch operation.

SECTION 2
COM
While receiving a station, an ‘RX’ indication (Figure 2) Turn the large left knob to select the desired
2-1) appears in the upper right corner of the COM Window megahertz (MHz) value. For example, the ‘135’
to the immediate right of ‘COM’. A ‘TX’ indication appears portion of the frequency ‘135.325’.
at this location when transmitting (Figure 2-2). 3) Turn the small left knob to select the desired
‘TX’ Transmit Indication kilohertz (kHz) value. For example, the ‘.325’
portion of the frequency ‘135.325’.
NOTE: The active frequency in either window
cannot be accessed directly, only the standby
frequency is highlighted by the tuning cursor.
4) To make the standby frequency the active
frequency, press the COM Flip-flop Key
(Figure 2-4).
Figure 2-2 ‘TX’ Transmit Indication
NOTE: The tuning cursor normally appears in the

COM Window, unless placed in the VLOC Window
by pressing the small left knob. When the tuning
cursor is in the VLOC Window, it automatically
returns to the COM Window after 30 seconds of
inactivity.
Figure 2-4 Active Frequency of 135.325
To select a COM frequency:
The tuning cursor is normally in the COM Window.
1) If the tuning cursor is not currently in the COM
To select a VOR/Localizer/ILS frequency, press the small
Window, press the small left knob momentarily
left knob momentarily to place the cursor in the VLOC
(Figure 2-3).
Window. Additional instructions for VOR/localizer/ILS
operations are available in Sections 6 and 9.
Figure 2-3 Standby Frequency of 135.325

SECTION 2
COM
Auto-Tuning To display the entire list of frequencies for

a nearby airport and select from that list:
The GNS 430’s auto-tune feature allows the pilot to
quickly select any database frequency in the GPS Window 1) Start with the desired airport highlighted on
as the standby frequency. Any COM frequency displayed the Nearest Airport Page (as described in the
in the GPS Window can be transferred to the standby preceding step 3), then press the ENT Key.
COM frequency field, with a minimum of keystrokes 2) Press the small right knob momentarily to
required. The following are some examples of selecting remove the cursor and turn the small right
COM frequencies from some of the main GPS pages. knob to display the frequency list (Figure
To select a COM frequency for a nearby 2-6).
airport:
1) Turn the large right knob to select the NRST
Page Group.
2) Turn the small right knob to display the
Nearest Airport Page (Figure 2-5).
Figure 2-6 Airport Frequencies Page
3) Press the small right knob momentarily to

reactivate the cursor and turn the large right
knob to highlight the desired frequency.
4) Press the ENT Key to place the highlighted
frequency in the standby COM field.
place the cursor on the airport identifier field
of the first airport in the list. To select another
airport, turn the large right knob to highlight
the desired airport.
4) The Nearest Airport Page displays the common
traffic advisory frequency (CTAF) for each listed
airport. To select this frequency, turn the large
right knob to highlight the desired airport’s
CTAF frequency and press the ENT Key to place
the frequency in the standby field of the COM
Window.

SECTION 2
COM
To select a COM frequency for a nearby To select a COM frequency for any airport
flight service station (FSS) or center in the flight plan:
(ARTCC): 1) Select the NAV/COM Page from the NAV Page
1) Turn the large right knob to select the NRST Group. (Section 3.1, or press and hold the CLR
Page Group. Key, then turn the small right knob until the
2) Turn the small right knob to select the Nearest NAV/COM Page appears.)
Center or Nearest Flight Service Page (Figure 2) Press the small right knob to place the cursor
2-7). on the airport identifier field. To the left of this
field appears ‘Departure’, ‘Enroute’, or ‘Arrival’,
depending on the placement of the displayed
airport within the flight plan.
3) Turn the small right knob to display a window
(Figure 2-8) listing the airports in the flight
plan. Continue turning the small right knob
to select the desired airport.
Figure 2-7 Nearest ARTCC Page

place the cursor on the page.
4) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
FSS/ARTCC frequency.
5) Press the ENT Key to place the frequency in
the standby field of the COM Window. Figure 2-8 NAV/COM Page ‘Airport’ Window
4) Press the ENT Key to return to the NAV/COM

Page with the frequencies for the selected
airport.
desired frequency.
6) Press the ENT Key to place the highlighted
frequency in the standby COM Window field.

SECTION 2
COM
To select a COM frequency for any airport Emergency Channel

in the database:
The GNS 430’s emergency channel select provides
1) Turn the large right knob to select the WPT
a quick method of selecting 121.500 MHz as the
Page Group.
active frequency in the event of an in-flight emergency.
2) Turn the small right knob to select the Airport Emergency channel select is available anytime the unit
Frequencies Page (Figure 2-9).
is on, regardless of GPS or cursor status, or loss of the
display.
To quickly tune and activate 121.500:
Press and hold the COM Flip-flop Key (or COM
Remote Transfer Switch) for approximately two
seconds (Figure 2-10).
Figure 2-9 Airport Frequencies Page
3) Press the small right knob to place the cursor

on the airport identifier field.
4) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
the identifier of the desired airport. Press the
ENT Key when finished. Figure 2-10 Emergency Channel Active
5) Turn the large right knob to highlight the If the COM Remote Transfer switch is used to select the
desired frequency. emergency channel, further changes in COM frequency
6) Press the ENT Key to place the highlighted will not be possible without momentarily pressing the
frequency in the standby COM Window field. COM Remote Tranfer Switch again, or by recycling
power.
NOTE: Under some circumstances if the COM

system loses communication with the main
system, the radio will automatically tune to
121.500 MHz for transmit and receive, regardless
of the displayed frequency.

SECTION 2
COM
Stuck Microphone
As mentioned previously in this section, when the GNS
430 is transmitting, a ‘TX’ indication appears in the COM
Window. If the microphone key is stuck or accidentally
left in the on position; or the microphone continues to
transmit after the key is released, the COM transmitter
automatically times out (ceases transmitting) after 35
seconds of continuous broadcasting. A ‘COM push-to-
talk key stuck’ message (Figure 2-11) is displayed as long
as the condition continues.
Figure 2-11 Message Page

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
SECTION 3: NAV PAGES To select the desired page (from any page):
1) Press and hold the CLR Key to select the
Default NAV Page. Turn the large right knob
3.1 Main Page Groups
to select the desired page group.
The GNS 430’s main pages are divided into four
separate page groups: NAV, WPT, AUX, and NRST
page.
(Table 3-1). Each page group is comprised of multiple
pages. The page groups are selected using the large right NOTE: The NAV Page Group may have eight or
knob. The individual pages are selected using the small nine NAV pages when the GNS 430 is connected
right knob. to Traffic and/or weather information sources.
See Section 12 for more information.
Page Groups
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group 3.2 NAV Page Group
7 NAV Pages see Section 7 see Section 10 see Section 8 The NAV Page Group includes seven pages (Figure
Table 3-1 Page Groups
3-2). While viewing any NAV page, turn the small right
knob to select a different NAV page. The pilot may find
The bottom right corner of the screen (Figure 3-1) this selection process convenient to cycle between the
indicates which page group is currently being displayed Default NAV Page and the Map Page, which are two of
(e.g., NAV, WPT, AUX, or NRST), the number of screens the most frequently used pages. Other pages are provided
available within that group (indicated by the square icons), for terrain information (if configured for TERRAIN), to
and the placement of the current screen within that group list frequencies for the flight plan, to show the current
(indicated by a highlighted square icon). position, to display current satellite reception, and to
The bottom right corner of the screen is also used to make vertical navigation settings.
display the GNS 430’s turn advisories (Turn to 230º’) and
waypont alerts (‘Next DTK 230º’) during flight plan and
approach operations. (See Section 6.)
Default NAV Map TERRAIN
(if configured)
NAV/COM Position Satellite Status

Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Number of Pages in
Current Page Group Current Page Group VNAV
Figure 3-1 Current Page and Page Group Figure 3-2 NAV Pages

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
3.3 Default NAV Page NOTE: The GNS 430 always navigates TO a
waypoint unless the OBS switch is set (preventing
The first NAV page is the Default NAV Page (Figure
automatic waypoint sequencing), or if the aircraft
3-3). This page may be quickly selected from any page by has passed the last waypoint in the flight plan.
pressing and holding the CLR Key.
Active Leg of Flight Plan Course Deviation Directly below the CDI appears the active leg of the
Indicator (CDI) flight plan, or the direct-to destination when using the
TO/FROM Flag Direct-to Key. This automatically sequences to the next
leg of the flight plan as each interim waypoint is reached.
If no flight plan or direct-to destination has been selected,
the destination field remains blank.
The symbols in Table 3-2 are used on the Default NAV
Page (directly below the CDI), to depict the ‘active leg’ of
Position of
Current Page a flight plan or direct to:
within Current
Page Group
Symbol Description
User-selectable Number of Pages in
Data Fields Current Page Group Direct-to a Waypoint
Current Page Group Course to a Waypoint, or Desired Course
Figure 3-3 Default NAV Page between Two Waypoints
The Default NAV Page displays a graphic course Procedure Turn
deviation indicator (CDI) across the top of the page. Unlike Procedure Turn
the angular limits used on a mechanical CDI coupled to
a VOR or ILS receiver, full scale limits for this CDI are Vectors-to-Final
defined by a GPS-derived distance (0.3, 1.0 or 5.0 nm), as
indicated at both ends of the CDI. By default, the CDI scale DME Arc to the Left
automatically adjusts to the desired limits based upon the DME Arc to the Right
current phase of flight: enroute, terminal area or approach.
The pilot may also manually select the desired scale setting Left-hand Holding Pattern
as outlined in Section 10.4. The graphic CDI shows the
Right-hand Holding Pattern
current position at the center of the indicator, relative to
the desired course (the moving course deviation needle). Table 3-2 NAV Page Symbols
As with a traditional mechanical CDI, when off course
simply steer toward the needle. The TO/FROM arrow in the
center of the scale indicates whether the aircraft is heading
TO (up arrow) or FROM the waypoint (down arrow).

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NAV PAGES
Selecting Desired On-Screen Data To select a different data item for any data
field:
At the bottom of the Default NAV Page there are six
user-definable fields which display the data needed as 1) Starting with the Default NAV Page, press the
the flight progresses (Figure 3-3). By default these fields MENU Key to display the Default NAV Page
display: distance to destination (DIS), desired track Menu (Figure 3-4).
(DTK), bearing to destination (BRG), ground speed (GS),
ground track (TRK), and estimated time enroute (ETE).
However, each of these fields can be customized to display
a different data item. Available data items include:
• Bearing to destination (BRG)
• Course to steer (CTS)
• Cross track error (XTK)
• Desired track (DTK)
• Distance to destination (DIS) 2) The ‘Change Fields?’ option is already
• Enroute safe altitude (ESA) highlighted, so press the ENT Key to select
this option.
• Estimated time of arrival (ETA)
3) Use the large right knob to highlight the data
• Estimate time enroute (ETE) field to be changed (Figure 3-5).
• Fuel flow (FLOW) (when configured)
• Ground speed (GS)
• Ground track (TRK)
• Minimum safe altitude (MSA)
• Track angle error (TKE)
• Vertical speed required (VSR)
If no flight plan or direct-to destination has been Figure 3-5 ‘DIS’ Field Highlighted
selected, only speed, track, altitude, and minimum safe
altitude data may be displayed. All other data types appear
as blank lines on the Default NAV Page until a destination
is selected.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
4) Turn the small right knob to display the list of Restoring Factory Settings
available data items (Figure 3-6). Continue
All data fields settings can be quickly returned to
turning the small right knob to select the
original factory settings.
desired data item from the list.
To restore all six data fields to factory
default settings:
1) From the Default NAV Page, press the MENU
Key to display the Default NAV Page Menu.
‘Restore Defaults?’ option (Figure 3-7) and
press the ENT Key.
Figure 3-6 Select Field Type Window
5) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data

item and return to the Default NAV Page.
remove the cursor from the page.
Dual Unit Considerations

A ‘Crossfill?’ option is also provided for the Default
NAV Page. This option transfers a direct-to destination
or flight plan to a second Garmin 400 Series unit. See
Section 10.2, Flight Planning: Crossfill for additional
details on using the crossfill option.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
3.4 Map Page Table 3-3 lists the symbols used to depict the various
airports and NAVAIDS on the Map Page:
The second NAV page is the Map Page (Figure 3-8),
which displays the present position using an airplane Symbol Description
symbol, along with nearby airports, NAVAIDS, user- Airport with hard surface runway(s); (primary
defined waypoints, airspace boundaries, lakes, rivers, runway shown)
highways, and cities.
Airport with soft surface runway(s) only
Map Display Present Data Fields
Position Private Airfield
Heliport
VOR
VOR/DME
Position of
Current Page DME
within Current
Page Group
Localizer
Map Range Current Page Number of Pages in
Group Current Page Group Intersection
Figure 3-8 Map Page
VORTAC
NOTE: If the GNS 430 is unable to determine TACAN
a GPS position, the present position (airplane)
symbol does not appear on the Map Page. NDB
Different symbols are used to distinguish between Locator Outer Marker

waypoint types. The identifiers for any on-screen Table 3-3 Map Page Symbols
waypoints can also be displayed. (The identifiers are
enabled by default.) Special-use and controlled airspace The Map Display can be set to 23 different range
boundaries appear on the map, showing the individual settings from 500 feet to 2000 nautical miles (statute and
sectors for Class B, Class C, and Class D airspaces. metric units are also available). The range is indicated
in the lower left-hand corner of the Map Display (Figure
3-8), and represents the top-to-bottom distance covered
by the Map Display.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
To select a map range: The ‘Setup Map?’ option (described in Section 3.4)
1) Press the up arrow of the RNG Key to zoom allows the pilot to define the maximum range at which
out to a larger map area. each map feature appears. This provides the pilot with
complete control to minimize screen clutter. The pilot
2) Press the down arrow of the RNG Key to zoom
can also quickly remove items from the map using the
in to a smaller map area and more detail.
CLR Key.
An autozoom feature is available which automatically To quickly declutter the Map Display:
adjusts from an enroute range of 2000 nm through
Press the CLR Key momentarily (as often as
each lower range, stopping at a range of 1.0 nm when
needed) to select the desired amount of map
approaching the destination waypoint. The autozoom
detail.
feature is turned on/off from the Map Setup Page (described
in Section 3.4). The CLR Key allows the pilot to quickly declutter the
The Map Page also displays a background map (or Map Display, providing four levels of map detail. Note the
“basemap”) showing lakes, rivers, coastlines, highways, ‘-2’ (‘-1’ and ‘-3’ are also provided) suffix designation in
railways, and towns. When a map range is selected below Figure 3-10, indicating each successive declutter level.
the lower limit at which the map detail was originally
created, an ‘overzoom’ indication appears on the Map
Display, below the range reading (Figure 3-9). The
basemap has limited accuracy, and should not be used
for navigation, but only for non-navigational situational
awareness. Any basemap indication should be compared
against other navigational sources for accuracy. Continuing
to zoom in to lower range settings will cause ‘overzoom’ to
be replaced with ‘no map’ and the geographic detail will Map Detail Level
be removed from the Map Display (airport and NAVAID
remain). Figure 3-10 Detail Level on Map Page
The right-hand side of the Map Page includes four

user-selectable data fields (Figure 3-8). By default, the
displayed data is: destination waypoint name (WPT),
desired track (DTK), distance to destination waypoint
(DIS), and ground speed (GS). Any of these data fields
may be changed to display a different data type, as outlined
in Section 3.4. The four data fields can also be removed
from the map to show a larger map image, as described in
Figure 3-9 Overzoom on Map Page
Section 3.4.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
Map Panning When the target pointer is placed on an object, the

name of that object is highlighted (even if the name wasn’t
Another Map Page function is panning, which allows the
originally displayed on the map). This feature applies to
map to move beyond its current limits without adjusting
airports, NAVAIDS, user-created waypoints, roads, lakes,
the map range. When the panning function is selected (by
rivers, almost everything displayed on the map except
pressing the small right knob), a target pointer flashes on
route lines.
the Map Display (Figure 3-11). A window also appears at
When an airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint is selected
the top of the Map Display showing the latitude/longitude
on the Map Display, information about the waypoint can
position of the pointer, plus the bearing and distance to
be reviewed or the waypoint can be designated as the
the pointer from the present position.
direct-to destination.
Pointer Position
Window Target Pointer To review information for an on-screen
airport, NAVAID or user waypoint:
1) Use the panning function (as described in
the preceding procedure) to place the target
pointer on a waypoint (Figure 3-11).
2) Press the ENT Key to display the Waypoint
Information Page(s) for the selected waypoint
(Figure 3-12).
Figure 3-11 Panning on Map Page
To select the panning function and pan the

Map Display:
panning target pointer.
2) Turn the small right knob to move up (turn
Figure 3-12 Information for On-Screen Waypoint
clockwise) or down (counterclockwise).
3) Turn the large right knob to move right (turn 3) Press the CLR Key to exit the information
clockwise) or left (counterclockwise). page(s).
4) To cancel the panning function and return to
the present position, press the small right
knob.

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NAV PAGES
Map Direct-to Airspace Information on the Map

To designate an on-screen airport, When a special-use or controlled airspace boundary
NAVAID, or user waypoint as the direct-to appears on the Map Display, the pilot can quickly retrieve
destination: information (such as floor/ceiling limits and controlling
agency) directly from the map.
1) Use the panning function (‘Map Panning’ in
this section) to place the target pointer on a To view airspace information for an on-
waypoint. screen special-use or controlled airspace:
2) Press the Direct-to Key to display the select 1) Use the panning function (‘Map Panning’ in this
Direct-to Waypoint Page, with the selected section) to place the target pointer on an open
waypoint already listed (Figure 3-13). area within the boundaries of an airspace. If
the area is congested and it is difficult to select
an open area, it may be necessary to zoom in
or press the CLR Key to make the selection
easier (Figure 3-14).
Figure 3-13 +MAP Waypoint
3) Press the ENT Key twice to confirm the selection

and begin navigating to the waypoint.
Figure 3-14 Select Airspace with Target Pointer
The direct-to function can be used anywhere on the
map. If nothing currently exists at the target pointer
location, a new waypoint called ‘+MAP’ (Figure 3-13) is
created at the target pointer location before the direct-to
is initiated.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
2) Press the ENT Key to display an options menu Map Setup

(Figure 3-15).
Many of the GNS 430’s functions are menu driven.
Each of the main pages has an options menu, allowing
customization of the page to the pilot’s preferences and/or
selection of special features which specifically relate to that
page. A Map Page Menu (Figure 3-16) provides additional
settings to customize the Map Page and additional features
related specifically to the Map Page.
To display the Map Page Menu:
Figure 3-15 Map Panning Options Window Press the MENU Key with the Map Page
displayed (Figure 3-16).
3) ‘Review Airspace?’ should already be
highlighted. If not, select it with the small
right knob. Press the ENT Key to display the
Airspace Information Page for the selected
airspace.
4) To display the COM frequency(ies) for the
controlling agency, turn the large right knob to
highlight ‘Frequencies?’ and press the ENT Key.
Press the CLR Key to return to the Airspace Figure 3-16 Map Page Menu
Information Page.
The following options are available: ‘Setup Map?’,
5) Press the CLR Key to exit the Airspace ‘Measure Dist?’, ‘Data Fields Off?’, ‘Change Fields?’, and
Information Page. ‘Restore Defaults?’.
‘Setup Map?’ allows configuration of the Map Display
to individual preferences, including map orientation,
land data enable/disable, Jeppesen data enable/disable,
automatic zoom, airspace boundaries, and text size.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
Table 3-4 lists the settings available for each group: To change map orientation:
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right
Group Available Settings knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ (Figure 3-16)
Map Orientation, AutoZoom, Land Data, and press the ENT Key.
Aviation Data 2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Map’
Weather Lightning Mode/Symbol (Figure 3-17) and press the ENT Key.
(when applicable)
Traffic Traffic Mode/Symbol/Label
(when applicable)
Airport Large/Medium/Small Airports and
Text
NAVAID VORs, NDBs, Intersections, and Text
Waypoint User Waypoints, Waypoint Text,
Flight Plan Wpts Figure 3-17 Map Setup Window
Line Active Flight Plan, Lat/Long
Control Controlled Airspace: Class B, C, D
‘Orientation’ field.
(tower zone)
Airspace Special-Use Airspace: Restricted, 4) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
MOA, Other option.
City Large/Medium/Small Cities and Text a) Select ‘DTK up’ to fix the top of the Map Display
to the desired course.
Road Freeway, National Highway, Local
Hwy, Local Road b) Select ‘North up’ to fix the top of the Map
Display to a north heading.
Other States/Prov, Rivers/Lakes, Railroads,
Wind Vector c) Select ‘Track up’ (Figure 3-18) to adjust the
Table 3-4 top of the Map Display to the current track
heading.
For most entries in Table 3-4, on, off, and range are the
available selections for display of each information type.
NOTE: Large, medium, and small classifications

are used on the GNS 430 for airports and cities.
Large airports are those with a runway longer
than 8100 feet. Medium airports include those
with a runway longer than 5000 feet or with
a control tower. Large cities are those with
approximate populations greater than 200,000 Figure 3-18 Orientation Window
and medium cities with greater than 50,000.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
(Figure 3-19). appropriate field.
4) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or
‘Off’.
5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
option.
To display airports, NAVAIDs, active flight
plan waypoints, user-created waypoints,
state/provincial boundaries, rivers/lakes,
Figure 3-19 Map Setup Page and cities:
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right
The automatic zoom feature automatically adjusts knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the
the map range from 2000 nm through each lower range, ENT Key.
stopping at 1.0 nm when approaching the destination
2) Turn the small right knob to select the
waypoint.
appropriate group name (per the table on the
To enable/disable automatic zoom: preceding page) and press the ENT Key.
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the zoom
knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the field for the desired feature.
ENT Key.
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Map’ and maximum range at which the feature should
press the ENT Key. appear on screen (or select ‘Off’ to never
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Auto display the selected feature).
Zoom’ field. 5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
4) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or option.
‘Off’. 6) Turn the large right knob to highlight the text
5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected field for the desired feature.
option. 7) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
To enable/disable the wind vector, all back- text size, or select ‘None’ to disable text
ground land data, or all Jeppesen aviation descriptions.
data: 8) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right option.
knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the
ENT Key.
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Map’ and
press the ENT Key.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
To display airspace boundaries, highways, 3) Turn the small and large right knobs to place
roads, railroad lines, track log data, active the reference pointer at the desired location to
flight plan course lines, and lat/long grid lines: measure FROM and press the ENT Key (Figure
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right 3-21).
knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the
ENT Key.
appropriate ‘Group’ name (per the table on
the preceding page) and press the ENT Key.
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the zoom
field for the desired feature.
4) Turn the small right knob to select the Figure 3-21 Using Pointer to Measure Distance and Bearing
maximum range at which the feature should
appear on screen (or select ‘Off’ to never 4) Again, use the small and large right knobs
display the selected feature). to place the reference pointer at the desired
5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected location to measure TO. The bearing and
option. distance from the first reference location
Distance Measurements appears at the top of the Map Display.
The ‘Measure Dist?’ option provides a quick, easy 5) To exit the ‘Measure Dist?’ option, press the
method for determining the bearing and distance between small right knob.
any two points on the Map Display.
Selecting Full Screen Map
To measure bearing and distance between
two points: The ‘Data Fields Off?’ option provides a full-screen Map
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right Display (Figure 3-22), without the four data fields along
knob to highlight ‘Measure Dist?’ (Figure 3-20). the right-hand side of the screen. Select this option to
display a larger map area. If this option has been selected
and the data fields are off, ‘Data Fields On?’ appears as an
option instead.
Figure 3-20 Map Page Menu
2) Press the ENT Key, an on-screen reference

pointer appears on the Map Display at the Figure 3-22 Full Screen Map
present position.
SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
To turn the data fields off/on: 3) Turn the small right knob to select the type of
From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right data (Figure 3-24) desired to appear on this
knob to highlight ‘Data Fields Off?’ (or ‘Data field and press the ENT Key.
Fields On?’) and press the ENT Key.
Selecting Desired On-Screen Data
‘Change Fields?’ allows selection of the data displayed
on the four user-selectable data fields along the right-hand
side of the Map Page. There are 14 available data types,
including bearing to destination, distance to destination,
estimated time of arrival, ground speed, minimum safe Figure 3-24 Select Data Field Window
altitude, and track. See Section 14.3 for descriptions of
these (and other) navigation terms. 4) Press the small right knob to remove the
cursor.
To change a data field:
1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right NOTE: The on-screen traffic information occupies
knob to highlight ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure two data fields, leaving room to display only two
additional data types. Traffic information is only
3-23) and press the ENT Key.
available when the GNS 430 installation includes
connection to traffic information sources (see
Section 12).
Restoring Factory Settings

‘Restore Defaults?’ resets all four user-selectable data
fields to their original factory default settings.
To restore the factory default settings:
Figure 3-23 Map Page Menu From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right
knob to highlight ‘Restore Defaults?’ (Figure
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the data 3-25) and press the ENT Key.
field to be changed.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
3.5 TERRAIN Page Red Terrain (Warning - Terrain Above or

Within 100’ Below Aircraft Altitude)
Heading
Indicator
GPS-derived
NOTE: The TERRAIN Page does not appear on MSL Altitude
GNS 430 units that are not properly equipped
with or configured for TERRAIN. See Section 11
for a full description of TERRAIN functions.
TERRAIN Page Position of

Current Page
To display the TERRAIN Page, select the NAV Page within Current
Page Group
Group and turn the small right knob until the TERRAIN
Page is displayed (Figure 3-26 and 3-27). The TERRAIN Current Page Group Number of Pages in
Current Page Group
Page displays: Figure 3-26 TERRAIN Page 120˚ View
• GPS-derived MSL altitude shown in increments

Yellow Terrain (Caution Black Terrain (No Danger
of 20 feet or 10 meters, depending on unit - Terrain Between 100’ - Terrain More than
configuration. The ‘G’ to right of the MSL altitude and 1000’ Below Aircraft 1000’ Below Aircraft
Altitude) Altitude)
display reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS-
derived.
• Aircraft ground track
• Terrain Range - Indicates the terrain elevation in
Range
colors relative to the aircraft altitude Marking
Ring
• Range marking rings - (1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm,
25 nm, 50nm, and 100 nm)
• Heading Indicator - The heading indication on the Figure 3-27 TERRAIN Page 360˚ View
TERRAIN Page always displays ‘TRK’ for Track-
up, unless there is no valid heading Selectable Display Settings
• Obstacles The TERRAIN Page has two selectable view settings:
• Potential Impact Points • 360˚ View - View from above aircraft depicting
surrounding terrain on all sides
• 120˚ View - View of terrain ahead of and 60˚ to
either side of the aircraft flight path (Figure 3-26)
NOTE: The TERRAIN Page gives a ‘Track Up’

display orientation, as indicated by the ‘TRK’
label shown on the display. This is the only
orientation available on this page.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
To display a 360˚ view: Aviation information such as airports, VORs, and other
1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU NAVAIDS can be turned on or off from the TERRAIN
Key. Page.
2) Select ‘View 360˚?’ (Figure 3-28). To show or hide aviation data:
1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU
Key.
2) Select ‘Show (or Hide) Aviation Data’ (Figure
3-30) and press the ENT Key. Pressing the CLR
Key when the TERRAIN Page is displayed can
also be used to toggle aviation information on
or off.
Figure 3-28 TERRAIN Page Menu
3) Press the ENT Key. To switch back to a 120˚

view, repeat step 1, select ‘View 120˚?, and
press the ENT Key.
Seven display ranges are available, allowing for a
more complete view of the surrounding area.
To change the display range:
Select the TERRAIN Page and press up or down
on the RNG Key to select the desired range:
1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 25 nm, 50 nm,
100 nm (Figure 3-29).
Display Range Field

Figure 3-29 TERRAIN Display Range

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
Inhibit Mode TERRAIN Symbols

TERRAIN has an inhibit mode that deactivates the NOTE: See Section 11.2 for a complete
FLTA/PDA visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion when description of TERRAIN symbology.
inhibiting TERRAIN and always remember to enable the
system when appropriate. Only the PDA and FLTA alerts The following symbols (Figure 3-33) are used to
are disabled in the inhibit mode. See Section 11.3 for represent obstacles and potential impact points on the
more information on TERRAIN alerts. Terrain Page.
To inhibit TERRAIN: • Red Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is above or within
1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU 100 feet below the aircraft altitude
Key. ‘Inhibit Terrain?’ is selected by default • Yellow Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is between 1000
(Figure 3-31). feet and 100 feet below the aircraft altitude
• Black Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is more than
1000 feet below the aircraft altitude
NOTE: Obstacle symbols are shown on display

zoom ranges up to 10 nm.
Figure 3-31 TERRAIN Page Menu Unlighted Lighted Unlighted

Obstacles Obstacles Obstacles
2) Press the ENT Key. The ‘TER INHB’ annunciation <1000 feet AGL <1000 feet AGL >1000 feet AGL
is displayed in the TERRAIN annunciator field
when TERRAIN is inhibited (Figure 3-32).
Annunciator Field
Lighted Potential
Obstacles Impact Points
Figure 3-32 TERRAIN Annunciator Field >1000 feet AGL
Enabling TERRAIN: Figure 3-33 TERRAIN Symbols

Key. ‘Enable Terrain?’ is selected by default. NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight path
2) Press the ENT Key. The TERRAIN system is of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically
functional again. zooms in to the closest potential point of impact
on the TERRAIN Page.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
3.6 NAV/COM Page To select a frequency list for a departure,

enroute or arrival airport:
The NAV/COM (navigation communications) Page
(Figure 3-34) provides a list of the airport communication 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
and navigation frequencies at the departure, enroute, and cursor.
arrival airports. The NAV/COM Page makes selection of 2) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor
the frequencies needed along the flight plan quick and on the airport identifier field (top line on the
convenient. If there is no active flight plan with a departure NAV/COM Page, see Figure 3-33).
airport, the NAV/COM Page displays the frequencies for 3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
the airport nearest the departure position. airport (Figure 3-35) and press the ENT Key.
Departure, Enroute, Assigned Frequency and
or Arrival Airport Usage Information
(when applicable)
Position of Figure 3-35 Airport Window

Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Frequency Type Current Page Number of Pages in
Group Current Page Group

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
To scroll through the list of frequencies: If a listed frequency has sector or altitude restrictions,
1) Activate the cursor, if not already active, by the frequency is preceded by an ‘Info?’ designation.
pressing the small right knob. To view usage restrictions for a frequency:
2) Turn the large right knob to move the cursor 1) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor
through the list of frequencies. If there are on the ‘Info?’ designation directly in front of
more frequencies in the list than can be the desired frequency (Figure 3-37).
displayed on the screen, a scroll bar along the
right-hand side of the screen (Figure 3-36)
indicates which part of the list is currently being
displayed.
Scroll Bar
Figure 3-37 ‘Info’ Highlighted
2) Press the ENT Key to display the restriction

information (Figure 3-38).
Figure 3-36 Scroll Bar
3) To place a frequency in the standby field of the

COM or VLOC Window, highlight the desired
frequency and press the ENT Key.
Some listed frequencies may include designations for
limited usage, as follows:
• ‘TX’ - Transmit only
Figure 3-38 Restriction Information Page
• ‘RX’ - Receive only
• ‘PT’ - Part time frequency 3) To return to the NAV/COM Page, press the ENT
Key.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
3.7 Position Page NOTE: Do not rely solely on MSA as an absolute

measure of safe altitude. Consult current area
The Position Page displays the present position (by
charts and NOTAMs.
default, in latitude and longitude) and altitude. The
Position Page (Figure 3-39) also displays the current To change the user-selectable data fields:
track, ground speed, time, and a reference waypoint field. 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Position
These fields are user-selectable to configure the page to Page Menu (Figure 3-40).
the pilot’s own preferences and current navigation needs.
Graphic Track Present Position User-selectable
Indicator Data Fields
Position of Figure 3-40 Position Page Menu

Current Page
within Current
Page Group 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Change
Reference Current Number of Pages in Fields?’ and press the ENT Key.
Waypoint Field Page Group Current Page Group
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the data
Figure 3-39 Position Page
field to be changed.
The graphic track indicator at the top of the page 4) Turn the small right knob to display the list of
indicates the direction the aircraft is heading, or track, only available data items (Figure 3-41). Continue
when moving. The graphic track indicator and the TRK turning the small right knob to select the
indication directly below it provide the same information. desired data item from the list.
Use the graphic track indicator for quick at-a-glance
ground track information. Directly below are three user-
selectable fields, which by default display track, ground
speed, and altitude. Barometric pressure (BARO) settings
and minimum safe altitude (MSA) can also be displayed in
these fields. MSA is the recommended minimum altitude
within approximately ten miles of the present position.
MSA is calculated from the information contained in the
database and generally takes into account mountains, Figure 3-41 Select Field Type Window
buildings, and other permanent features.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
5) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data 4) Turn the small right knob to display the list
item and return to the Position Page. of available waypoint types (Figure 3-43).
6) Press the small right knob momentarily to Continue turning the small right knob to select
remove the cursor from the page. the desired data item from the list.
The Position Page also features a reference waypoint

field, located at the bottom of the page, to indicate
bearing and distance to/from a selected waypoint. The
reference waypoint field can display bearing and distance
information for a nearby airport (default), VOR, NDB,
intersection, or user waypoint.
To change the reference waypoint
information: Figure 3-43 Category Window
1) Press the MENU Key to display the Position
Page Menu. 5) If ‘WPT’ is selected as the waypoint type, any
airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint can be
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Change
designated as a reference waypoint. Press the
Fields?’ and press the ENT Key.
small right knob, turn the large right knob to
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the highlight the waypoint identifier field (Figure
waypoint type field (bottom left corner of the 3-44), then use the small and large right
page; default setting shows ‘APT’ see Figure knobs to enter the identifier of the desired
3-42). waypoint. Press the ENT Key to confirm the
selected waypoints. Press the small right knob
to remove the cursor.
Figure 3-42 Waypoint Type Field Highlighted
Figure 3-44 Reference Waypoint Field Highlighted

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
6) Press the ENT Key to select the desired type Restoring Factory Settings
and return to the Position Page.
A ‘Restore Defaults?’ option allows all data fields to be
7) To select between ‘bearing FROM’ or ‘bearing reset to their original factory default settings. This returns
TO’ to the reference waypoint, turn the small the three user-selectable fields at the top of the page AND
right knob to select the desired bearing the reference waypoint fields to default settings.
reference (Figure 3-45) and press the ENT
To restore the factory default settings:
Key.
1) Press the MENU Key to display the Position
Page Menu (Figure 3-46).
Figure 3-45 Mode Window
8) Press the small right knob momentarily to Figure 3-46 Position Page Menu
remove the cursor from the page.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Restore
Defaults?’ and press the ENT Key.

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
3.8 Satellite Status Page As the GPS receiver locks onto satellites, a signal
strength bar appears for each satellite in view, with the
The Satellite Status Page provides a visual reference appropriate satellite number (01-32) underneath each
of GPS receiver functions, including current satellite bar. The status of satellite reception is shown as follows:
coverage, GPS receiver status, and position accuracy.
The Satellite Status Page (Figure 3-47) is helpful in • No signal strength bars - The receiver is looking
troubleshooting weak (or missing) signal levels due to for the satellites indicated.
poor satellite coverage or installation problems. • Hollow signal strength bars - The receiver has
found the satellite(s) and is collecting data (Figure
1 2 3 4
3-48).
• Solid signal strength bars - The receiver has
collected the necessary data and the satellite(s) is
ready for use.
• Checkered signal strength bars - Excluded
satellites (Figure 3-47).
The sky view display (at top left corner of the page)
shows which satellites are currently in view, and where
they are. The outer circle of the sky view represents the
horizon (with north at top of the page), the inner circle
5 6 7 8 9 10
45° above the horizon, and the center point directly
Figure 3-47 Satellite Status Page overhead.
1 Sky View
2 Estimated Position Error (EPE) and
Dilution of Precision (DOP)
3 GPS Receiver Status
4 Horizontal Uncertainty Level (HUL)
5 Satellite ID Numbers
6 Signal Strength Bars Figure 3-48 Hollow Signal Strength Bars
7 Excluded Satellite
8 Current Page Group
9 Number of Pages in Current Page Group
10 Position of Current Page within Current
Page Group

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
Each satellite has a 30-second data transmission that The Satellite Status Page also indicates the accuracy
must be collected (hollow signal strength bar, see Figure of the position fix, using Estimated Position Error (EPE),
3-47) before the satellite may be used for navigation Dilution of Precision (DOP), and Horizontal Uncertainty
(solid signal strength bar, see Figure 3-46). Once the GPS Level (HUL) figures. DOP measures satellite geometry
receiver has determined the present position, the GNS 430 quality (i.e., number of satellites received and where they
indicates position, track, and ground speed on the other are relative to each other) on a scale from one to ten. The
navigation pages. The GPS receiver status field (Figure lowest numbers are the best accuracy and the highest
3-46) also displays the messages listed in Table 3-5 under numbers are the worst. EPE uses DOP and other factors
the appropriate conditions: to calculate a horizontal position error, in feet or meters.
HUL is explained in Section 13.
GPS Receiver Status Messages

The GPS receiver is searching the sky for ANY visible satellites. The
Searching Sky
pilot is informed of this status with a ‘Searching the Sky’ message.
The GPS receiver is acquiring satellites for navigation. In this mode,
the receiver uses satellite orbital data (collected continuously from
Acquiring Sat
the satellites) and last known position to determine which satellites
should be in view.
The GPS receiver is in 2D navigation mode. Altitude data is provided
2D Navigation
by an altitude serializer.
The GPS receiver is in 3D navigation mode and computes altitude
3D Navigation
using satellite data.
Poor Coverg The GPS receiver cannot acquire sufficient satellites for navigation.
The GPS receiver is unusable due to incorrect initialization or
Rcvr Not Usbl
abnormal satellite conditions. Turn the unit off and on again.
The GPS receiver is looking for any available satellite. This process
AutoLocate
can take up to five minutes to determine a position.
Table 3-5 GPS Receiver Status Messages

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
3.9 Vertical Navigation Page NOTE: To use the vertical navigation features,
The GNS 430’s Vertical Navigation Page (the last NAV ground speed must be greater than 35 knots
and the pilot must be navigating to a direct-to
page, see Figure 3-49) creates a three-dimensional profile
destination or using a flight plan.
to provide guidance from the present position and altitude
to a final (target) altitude at a specified location. This is
helpful when descending to a certain altitude near an
VE
airport or climbing to an altitude before reaching a route
RT
IC
AL
NA
or direct-to waypoint (Figure 3-50). Once the profile is
VI
G
AT
TIME AND DISTANCE
IO
defined, message alerts and additional data on the Default TO PROFILE
N
PR
O
FI
VER
NAV Page and the Map Page provide guidance to the CURRENT ALTITUDE
LE
TIC
AND POSITION AL
SPE
ED
RE
pilot. QU
IRE
D
TARGET ALTITUDE
1 2 3 4 AND POSITION
DISTANCE TO TARGET
AIRPORT
Figure 3-50 Vertical Navigation Profile
To create a vertical navigation profile

(Figure 3-50):
cursor.
target altitude field.
5 6 7 8 9
Figure 3-49 Vertical Navigation (VNAV) Page 3) Turn the small and large right knobs to select
the target altitude (Figure 3-51) and press the
1 Target Altitude ENT Key.
2 Target Distance
3 Altitude Reference (AGL or MSL)
4 Target Reference
5 Vertical Speed Desired
6 Vertical Speed Required
8 Number of Pages in Current Page Group Figure 3-51 Target Altitude Field Selected
Page Group

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
4) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Above 6) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Before’
Wpt’ (AGL) or ‘MSL’, (Figure 3-52) and press or ‘After’, and press the ENT Key. This setting
the ENT Key. ‘Above Wpt’ uses the altitude designates whether the offset distance defines
of a destination airport as stored in the a point before the aircraft reaches the target
Jeppesen NavData Card. ‘MSL’ lets the pilot reference waypoint, or after the aircraft reaches
set a specific target altitude for any waypoint the waypoint.
category: airport, VOR, NDB, intersection, or 7) When using a flight plan, the target reference
user waypoint. waypoint itself can be specified from the
waypoints contained in the flight plan. By
default, the last waypoint in the flight plan is
selected. To select a different waypoint, turn
the small right knob to select the desired
waypoint and press the ENT Key.
8) The default profile utilizes a 400 fpm descent
rate. To change the rate, turn the large right
knob to highlight the ‘VS Profile’ field (Figure
Figure 3-52 Reference Window 3-54) and use the small and large right knobs
to enter a new rate. Press the ENT Key when
5) Turn the small and large right knobs to select
finished.
a distance from the target reference waypoint
(Figure 3-53) and press the ENT Key. If the
target altitude should occur at the target
reference waypoint, enter a distance of zero.
Figure 3-54 VS Profile Field Selected
Figure 3-53 Reference Distance Selected

SECTION 3
NAV PAGES
With the profile set, the vertical speed required (VSR) To disable/enable the vertical navigation
is displayed on the Vertical Navigation Page. Expect the (VNAV) messages:
following to occur when using the vertical navigation 1) Press the MENU Key to display the Vertical
feature: Navigation Page Menu (Figure 3-55).
• At one minute prior to reaching the initial descent
point, a message ‘Approaching VNAV Profile’
occurs. The descent (or climb) angle also locks to
prevent changes in speed from altering the profile.
• If selected, the vertical speed required (VSR)
readout on the Default NAV Page and the Map
Page show the desired vertical speed to maintain
the proper descent (or climb) angle.
Figure 3-55 VNAV Page Menu
• At 500 feet above (or below, for a climb) the target
altitude, an ‘Approaching Target Altitude’ message
2) With ‘VNAV Messages On?’ highlighted,
is provided. The VSR readout on the Default NAV
press the ENT Key. Or, if the messages are
Page and the Map Page is blanked out, at this
already on, to turn them off, make sure ‘VNAV
point.
Messages Off?’ is highlighted and press the
Vertical navigation messages can be turned on or off ENT Key.
(by default the messages are off). Turning the messages
off allows the pilot to keep the previous profile settings,
without having them generate messages when the feature
is not needed.

SECTION 4
DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION
SECTION 4: DIRECT-TO 2) Use the small and large right knobs to

enter the identifier of the desired destination
NAVIGATION waypoint (Figure 4-2).
4.1 Overview
The GNS 430’s direct-to function provides a quick
method of setting a course to a destination waypoint.
Once a direct-to is activated, the GNS 430 establishes a
point-to-point course line (great circle) from the present
position to the selected direct-to destination. Navigation
data on the various NAV pages provides steering guidance Figure 4-2 Waypoint Identifier Field Selected
until the direct-to is cancelled or replaced by a new
destination. 3) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected
waypoint, and press the ENT Key again to
To select a direct-to destination: activate the direct-to function (Figure 4-3).
1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to
Waypoint Page appears (Figure 4-1), with the
waypoint identifier field highlighted.
Figure 4-3 ‘Activate?’ Field Highlighted
When off course while navigating to a waypoint, the

Figure 4-1 Select Direct-to Waypoint Page direct-to function may also be used to re-center the CDI
(HSI) needle and proceed to the same waypoint.
To re-center the CDI (HSI) needle to the
same destination waypoint:
Press the Direct-to Key, followed by the ENT
Key twice.
NOTE: When navigating an approach with the

missed approach point (MAP) as the current
destination, re-centering the CDI (HSI) needle
with the Direct-to Key cancels the approach.

SECTION 4
Selecting a Destination by Facility Name or 3) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
City the facility name or city location of the desired
destination waypoint (Figure 4-5). When
In addition to selecting a destination by identifier, the
spelling the facility name or city, the GNS 430’s
Select Direct-to Waypoint Page (Figure 4-4) also allows the
Spell’N’Find™ feature selects the first entry
pilot to select airports, VORs, and NDBs by facility name
in the database based upon the characters
or city location. If duplicate entries exist for the entered
entered up to that point.
facility name or city, additional entries may be viewed
by continuing to turn the small right knob during the
selection process. See Section 7.1, Duplicate Waypoints
for more information.
Identifier, Symbol, Facility Name
and Region
Figure 4-5 Facility Name Selected
4) Continue turning the small right knob to scroll

through any additional database listings for the
selected facility name or city. The pilot can also
Flight Plan Nearest Airport
scroll backwards with the small right knob if
City
Field Field the desired waypoint has been scrolled past .
Figure 4-4 Select Direct-to Waypoint Page 5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected
To select a direct-to destination by facility activate the direct-to function.
name or city:
Selecting a Destination from the Active Flight
Plan
Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint
identifier field highlighted. When navigating an active flight plan, any waypoint
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the contained in the flight plan may be selected as a direct-to
facility name (second line) or the city (third destination from the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page. See
line) field. Section 5, for more information on flight plans.

SECTION 4
To select a direct-to destination from the Selecting the Nearest Airport as a Direct-to
active flight plan: Destination
1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to The Select Direct-to Waypoint Page always displays the
Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint nearest airports (from the present position) in the NRST
identifier field highlighted. field. Nearby airports may also be selected as direct-to
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the flight destinations using the steps described in Section 8.1.
plan (FPL) field (Figure 4-6). To select a nearby airport as a direct-to
destination:
Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint
identifier field highlighted.
nearest airport (NRST) field.
Figure 4-6 Highlighted Flight Plan Field showing up to nine nearby airports (Figure 4-8).

showing all waypoints in the active flight plan
(Figure 4-7).
Figure 4-8 Nearest Window
4) Continue turning the small right knob to

scroll through the list and highlight the desired
Figure 4-7 FPL (Flight Plan) Window airport.
4) Continue turning the small right knob to 5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected
scroll through the list and highlight the desired airport, and press the ENT Key again to activate
waypoint. the direct-to function.
5) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected
activate the direct-to function.

SECTION 4
Shortcuts 2) If a list of waypoints is displayed on-screen:

Shortcuts are available when using the Direct-to Key, a) Press the small right knob to activate the
allowing the pilot to bypass the use of the small and large cursor.
right knobs to enter the destination waypoint’s identifier. b) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
A direct-to can be performed from any page displaying desired waypoint (Figure 4-10).
a single waypoint identifier (such as the WPT pages for
airports and NAVAIDs). For pages that display a list of
waypoints (e.g., the Nearest Airport Page), the desired
waypoint must be highlighted with the cursor before
pressing the Direct-to Key.
Selecting an on-screen waypoint as a
direct-to destination:
1) If a single airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint is
Figure 4-10 Nearest List
displayed on-screen (Figure 4-9):
c) Press the Direct-to Key followed by the
ENT Key twice.
To select an on-screen waypoint as a direct-

to destination:
1) If a single airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint is
displayed on-screen: press the Direct-to Key,
Figure 4-9 Single Waypoint Displayed then press the ENT Key twice.
2) If a list of waypoints is displayed on-screen,
a) Press the Direct-to Key
press the small right knob to activate the
b) Press the ENT Key twice. cursor.
desired waypoint.
4) Press the Direct-to Key followed by the ENT
Key twice.

SECTION 4
Selecting a Direct-to destination from the Map Cancelling Direct-to Navigation

Page Once a direct-to is activated, the GNS 430 provides
Direct-to destinations may also be selected from the navigation guidance to the selected destination until the
Map Page. If no airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint direct-to is replaced with a new direct-to or flight plan,
exists at the desired location, a waypoint named ‘+MAP’ cancelled, or the unit is turned off.
is automatically created at the location of the panning To cancel a direct-to:
pointer.
1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Select
To select a direct-to destination from the Direct-to Waypoint Page.
Map Page:
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Direct-to
1) From the Map Page, press the small right knob Page Menu (Figure 4-12).
to display a panning pointer.
2) Turn the small and large right knobs to place
the panning pointer at the desired destination
location.
3) If the panning pointer is placed on an existing
airport, NAVAID or user waypoint, the waypoint
name is highlighted (Figure 4-11). Press the
Direct-to Key and the ENT Key twice to
navigate to the waypoint. Figure 4-12 Select Direct-to Page Menu
3) With ‘Cancel Direct-to NAV?’ highlighted, press

the ENT Key. If a flight plan is still active, the
GNS 430 resumes navigating the flight plan
along the closest leg.
Figure 4-11 Panning Pointer Placed on Waypoint
4) If the panning pointer is placed on an open

location, press the Direct-to Key, then press
the ENT Key twice to create a ‘+MAP’ waypoint
and navigate to it.

SECTION 4
Specifying a Course to a Waypoint 4) Turn the small and large right knobs to select
the desired course (Figure 4-14) and press the
When performing a direct-to, the GNS 430 sets a direct
ENT Key.
great circle course to the selected destination. The course
to the destination can also be manually defined using the
‘CRS’ course field on the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page.
To manually define the direct-to course:
1) Press the Direct-to Key.
2) Use the small and large right knobs to select
the destination waypoint.
3) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected
waypoint, then turn the large right knob Figure 4-14 Course Field Selected
to highlight the course (‘CRS’) field (Figure
5) Press the ENT Key again to begin navigation
4-13).
using the selected destination and course.
6) To re-select a direct course from present
position (or select a new manually-defined
course), simply press the Direct-to Key,
followed by the ENT Key twice.
Figure 4-13 CRS (Course) Field Highlighted

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
SECTION 5: FLIGHT PLANS 5.1 Flight Plan Catalog Page

The Flight Plan Catalog Page allows the pilot to create,
The GNS 430 lets the pilot create up to 20 different
edit, activate, delete, and copy flight plans. Flight plans
flight plans, with up to 31 waypoints in each flight plan.
numbered from 1 through 19 are used to save flight plans
The Flight Plan Page Group consists of two pages, (Active
for future use. ‘Flight plan 00’ is reserved exclusively
Flight Plan Page, Figure 5-1, and Flight Plan Catalog Page,
for the flight plan currently in use for navigation. When
Figure 5-2) accessed by pressing the FPL Key. The flight
a flight plan is activated, a copy of the flight plan is
plan pages allow the pilot to create, edit, and copy flight
automatically transferred to ‘flight plan 00’, overwriting
plans.
any previously active flight plan.
To create a new flight plan:
1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small right
knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page
(Figure 5-2).
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan
Catalog Page Menu (Figure 5-3).
Indicates Current Page

Figure 5-1 Active Flight Plan Page
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Create

New Flight Plan?’ and press the ENT Key.
Indicates Current Page
Figure 5-2 Flight Plan Catalog Page

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
4) A blank Flight Plan Page appears for the first

empty storage location (Figure 5-4). Use
the small and large right knobs to enter the
identifier of the departure waypoint and press
the ENT Key.
Figure 5-5 Flight Plan Page

the identifier of the new waypoint and press
the ENT Key (Figure 5-6).
Figure 5-4 Flight Plan Page
5) Repeat step 4 above to enter the identifier for

each additional flight plan waypoint.
6) Once all waypoints have been entered, press
the small right knob to return to the Flight
Plan Catalog Page.
Flight Plan Editing Figure 5-6 Waypoint Identifier Field Selected
To add a waypoint to an existing flight 6) Once all changes have been made, press the
plan: small right knob to return to the Flight Plan
1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small right Catalog Page (Figure 5-7).
knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page.
cursor.
desired flight plan and press the ENT Key.
4) Turn the large right knob to select the point to
add the new waypoint. If an existing waypoint
is highlighted, the new waypoint is placed Figure 5-7 Edited Flight Plan Page
directly in front of this waypoint (Figure 5-5).

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
To delete a waypoint from an existing flight A one-line user comment may be added to any flight
plan: plan, which is displayed on the Flight Plan Catalog Page,
1) Press the FPL Key and turn the small right next to the flight plan’s number. By default, as the flight
knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page. plan is being created, the comment shows the first and last
waypoints in the flight plan.
cursor. To change the comment line for an existing
flight plan:
desired flight plan and press the ENT Key. 1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the
small right knob to activate the cursor.
4) Turn the large right knob to select the waypoint
to be deleted and press the CLR Key to display 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
a ‘remove waypoint’ confirmation window. desired flight plan and press the ENT Key.
5) With ‘Yes’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to 3) Turn the large right knob to select the
remove the waypoint. comment line at the top of the screen.
6) Once all changes have been made, press the 4) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
small right knob to return to the Flight Plan the new comment (Figure 5-8). Press the ENT
Catalog Page. Key when finished.
Figure 5-8 Comment Line Selected
5) Once all changes have been made, press the

small right knob to return to the Flight Plan
Catalog Page.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
Activating Flight Plans Inverting Flight Plans

Once a flight plan is defined through the Flight Plan After travelling along a flight plan, the pilot may wish
Catalog Page (using the steps outlined previously in this to reverse the route for navigation guidance back to the
section), it may be activated for navigation. Activating the original departure point.
flight plan places it into ‘flight plan 00’ and overwrites any To activate an existing flight plan in reverse
previous information at that location. order:
To activate an existing flight plan: 1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the
1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the small right knob to activate the cursor.
small right knob to activate the cursor. 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired flight plan and press the MENU Key to
desired flight plan and press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.
display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Invert &
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate Activate FPL?’ (Figure 5-10) and press the ENT
Flight Plan?’ and press the ENT Key (Figure Key. The original flight plan remains intact in
5-9). its flight plan catalog storage location.
Figure 5-9 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu Figure 5-10 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
Copying Flight Plans Deleting Flight Plans

To save a flight plan currently located in ‘flight plan When finished with a flight plan, it can easily be
00’, copy it to an open catalog location (1-19) before the deleted from the Flight Plan Catalog Page or the Active
flight plan is cancelled, overwritten, or erased. Flight Plan Page.
To copy a flight plan to another flight plan To delete a flight plan:
catalog location: 1) From the Active Flight Plan Page, press the
1) From the Active Flight Plan Page, press the MENU Key to display the Active Flight Plan
MENU Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page Menu.
Page Menu. 2) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the
2) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the small right knob to activate the cursor, turn
small right knob to activate the cursor, turn the the large right knob to highlight the flight plan
large right knob to highlight the flight plan to to be deleted, then press the MENU Key to
be copied, then press the MENU Key to display display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.
the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Delete
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Copy Flight Plan?’ (Figure 5-12) and press the ENT
Flight Plan?’ (Figure 5-11) and press the ENT Key.
Key.

4) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to
4) By default, the next empty catalog location delete the flight plan.
is offered. To select a different location, turn
the large right knob to select the flight plan
number, use the small and large right knobs
to enter a different number and press the ENT
Key.
copy the flight plan.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
Flight Plan Catalog Options

The following options (some covered on the preceding
pages) are available for the Flight Plan Catalog Page:
• ‘Activate Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to
select the flight plan for navigation guidance, as
described previously in this section.
• ‘Invert & Activate FPL?’ - Allows the pilot to
reverse the highlighted flight plan and select it for
navigation guidance, as described previously in 2) Turn the large right knob to select the
this section. ‘Method’ field (Figure 5-14).
• ‘Create New Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to
create a new flight plan, as described previously in
this section.
• ‘Crossfill?’ - Allows the pilot to transfer a Direct-
to destination, the active flight plan, any stored
flight plan or user waypoints to a second 400-or
500-series Garmin unit. Some crossfill operations
can be done automatically. If both units are set
Figure 5-14 Crossfill Page
to ‘auto’, a change in the direct-to destination or
active flight plan on one unit is seen on the other.
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Auto’
For additional information, see Section 10.2,
or ‘Manual’ and press the ENT Key. ‘Auto’
Flight Planning Page: Crossfill.
automatically transfers the active flight plan
To crossfill flight plans between two 400- or Direct-to selection to another 400- or 500-
or 500-Series Garmin units: series Garmin unit, without user intervention.
1) Select the ‘Crossfill?’ option from the Flight 4) If ‘Manual’ is selected: Turn the large right
Plan Catalog Page Menu (Figure 5-13) and knob to select the ‘Transfer’ field, then turn
press the ENT Key. the small right knob to select the type of
information to transfer between units (active
flight plan, flight plan, all user waypoints or
a single user waypoint). When ‘Flight Plan’
or ‘User Waypoint’ is selected, a second field
appears to the immediate right of the ‘Transfer’
field. Use the small and large right knobs to
enter the number of the flight plan or the name
of the user waypoint to be transferred.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
5) The ‘Cross-side’ field allows the pilot to To delete all flight plans:
designate the sending and receiving units 1) Select the ‘Delete All Flight Plans?’ option from
in a crossfill operation. Turn the large right the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu (Figure
knob to select the ‘Cross-side’ field, then turn 5-16) and press the ENT Key.
the small right knob to select ‘To’ or ‘From’
(Figure 5-15). Press the ENT Key to confirm
the selection.
2) A confirmation window appears (Figure 5-17).

Figure 5-15 Transfer Window With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
6) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Initiate
Transfer?’ and press the ENT Key.
• ‘Copy Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to copy the
selected flight plan to a new flight plan location,
as described previously in this section. The copy
function is useful for duplicating an existing flight
plan before making changes.
• ‘Delete Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to remove Figure 5-17 Delete All Flight Plans Window
the selected flight plan from memory, as described
previously in this section. Deleting a flight
plan does not delete the individual waypoints
contained in the flight plan from the database or
user waypoint memory.
• ‘Delete All Flight Plans?’ - Allows the pilot to
remove all flight plans from memory.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
• ‘Sort List By Number?’/’Sort List by Comment?’ 5.2 Active Flight Plan Page
- Allows the pilot to sort numerically by the flight
plan number or sort alphanumerically based upon The Active Flight Plan Page provides information
the comment assigned to each flight plan. When and editing functions for ‘flight plan 00’, the flight plan
one option is selected, the other option appears currently in use for navigation. When a direct-to or flight
on the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. plan has been activated, the Active Flight Plan Page shows
each waypoint for the flight plan (or a single waypoint
To sort the catalog listing by number or for a direct-to, Figure 5-19), along with the desired track
comment: (DTK) and distance (DIS) for each leg.
1) Select the ‘Sort List By Number?’ or ‘Sort List
By Comment?’ option (whichever is currently
displayed) from the Flight Plan Catalog Page
Menu (Figure 5-18) and press the ENT Key.
Active Flight Plan Options

Figure 5-18 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu The options shown in Table 5-1 are available for the
Active Flight Plan Page.
To access the Active Flight Plan Menu Page:
1) Press the FPL Key to view the Active Flight Plan
Page.
2) Press the MENU Key (Figure 5-20).
Figure 5-20 Active Flight Plan Page Menu

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
Active Flight Plan Page Menu Options

Activates/reactivates the flight plan and selects the highlighted leg as the ‘active leg’ (the leg
Activate Leg
which is currently used for navigation guidance).
Allows the pilot to transfer the active flight plan between two 400- or 500-series Garmin units
Crossfill in a dual unit installation. See Section 10.2, Flight Planning: Crossfill for additional information
on this feature.
Copies the active flight plan to a flight plan catalog location, as described previously in this
Copy Flight Plan
section. The copy function is useful for duplicating the active flight plan before making changes.
Reverses the active flight plan. See Section 5.1, Activating Flight Plans and Inverting Flight
Invert Flight Plan
Plans.
Allows the pilot to remove all waypoints from the selected flight plan, as described previously
Delete Flight Plan in this section. Deleting a flight plan does not delete the waypoints contained in the flight plan
from the database or user waypoint memory.
Allows the pilot to select a published instrument approach for the destination airport, or replace
Select Approach the current approach with a new selection. (In many cases, it is convenient to select approaches
using the PROC Key as described in Section 6.1.)
Allows the pilot to select a published standard terminal arrival route (STAR) for the destination
Select Arrival airport or replace the current arrival with a new selection (Section 6.1 for information on
selecting arrivals using the PROC Key).
Allows the pilot to select a published standard instrument departure (SID) for the departure
airport or replace the current departure with a new selection. When using a direct-to, the GNS
Select Departure
430 uses the nearest airport as a reference when displaying available departures. See Section
6.1 for information on selecting departures using the PROC Key.
Remove Approach Deletes the currently selected approach from the active flight plan.
Remove Arrival Deletes the current STAR from the active flight plan.
Remove Departure Deletes the current SID from the active flight plan.
Calculates the bearing and closest distance that a flight plan passes from a reference waypoint.
Closest Point of FPL May also be used to create a new user waypoint along the flight plan at the location closest to
the reference waypoint.
Allows the pilot to select the desired data items to display on the Active Flight Plan Page, as
Change Fields
described in this Section.
Restore Defaults Returns the data items to factory defaults, as described in this Section.
Table 5-1 Active Flight Plan Page Menu Options

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
The data fields for DTK and DIS are user-selectable and To restore factory default settings for data
may be changed to display cumulative distance (CUM) to fields on the Active Flight Plan Page:
each waypoint, estimated time of arrival (ETA), estimated 1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,
time enroute (ETE), or enroute safe altitude (ESA). press the MENU Key to display the Active Flight
To change a data field on the Active Flight Plan Page Menu.
Plan Page: 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Restore
1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed, Defaults?’ and press the ENT Key.
press the MENU Key to display the Active Flight To activate a flight plan along a specific
Plan Page Menu. leg:
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Change 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
Fields?’ (Figure 5-21) and press the ENT Key. cursor and turn the large right knob to
highlight the desired destination waypoint.
2) Press the MENU Key, and select the ‘Activate
Leg?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page
Menu (Figure 5-23) and press the ENT Key.
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the field

to be changed.
data item (Figure 5-22) and press the ENT
Key. 3) A confirmation window appears. With
‘Activate?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
5) Press the small right knob to remove the

cursor.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
To select an approach for a direct-to or 3) A second window appears listing available

flight plan destination airport: transitions (Figure 5-26) for the approach. Turn
1) Choose the ‘Select Approach?’ option from the the small right knob to highlight the desired
Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-24) and transition waypoint and press the ENT Key.
press the ENT Key. The ‘Vectors’ option assumes the pilot will
receive vectors to the final course segment
of the approach and will provide navigation
guidance to intercept this final course.
2) A window appears listing the available

approaches (Figure 5-25) for the destination Figure 5-26 Transitions Window
airport. Turn the small right knob to highlight
the desired approach and press the ENT Key. 4) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load?’
or ‘Activate?’ and press the ENT Key. ‘Load?’
adds the approach to the flight plan without
immediately using the approach for navigation
guidance. This allows the pilot to continue
navigating the original flight plan until cleared
for the approach but keeps the approach
available for quick activation when needed.
5) For precision approaches, a reminder window
Figure 5-25 Approach Window appears indicating that GPS guidance on such
approaches is strictly for monitoring only. To
confirm this reminder, highlight ‘Yes?’ and
press the ENT Key.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
To select an arrival for a direct-to or flight 3) A second window appears listing available
plan destination airport: transitions (Figure 5-29) for the arrival. Turn
1) Select the ‘Select Arrival?’ option from the the small right knob to highlight the desired
Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-27) transition waypoint and press the ENT Key.
and press the ENT Key.
Figure 5-29 Transitions Window

4) With ‘Load?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.
2) A window appears listing the available arrivals To select a departure for the departure
(Figure 5-28) for the destination airport. Turn airport:
1) Select the ‘Select Departure?’ option from the
arrival and press the ENT Key.
Active Flight Plan Page Menu and press the
ENT Key.
2) A window appears listing the available
departures for the departure airport. Turn
departure and press the ENT Key.
3) A second window appears listing available
transitions for the departure. Turn the small
Figure 5-28 Arrivals Window right knob to highlight the desired transition
waypoint and press the ENT Key.
4) With ‘Load?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
To remove an approach, arrival, or 2) A window appears with the reference waypoint

departure from the active flight plan: field highlighted. Use the small and large
1) Select the ‘Remove Approach?’, ‘Remove right knobs to enter the identifier of the
Arrival?’, or ‘Remove Departure?’ option from reference waypoint and press the ENT Key.
the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-30) 3) A confirmation window appears for the
and press the ENT Key. selected reference waypoint (Figure 5-32).
Press the ENT Key to accept the waypoint.

Figure 5-32 Closest Point of Flight Plan Window
2) A confirmation window appears listing
the procedure to be removed. With ‘Yes?’ 4) The GNS 430 displays the bearing (BRG) and
highlighted, press the ENT Key. distance (DIST) to the closest point along the
To determine the closest point, along the flight plan, from the selected reference waypoint.
active flight plan, to a selected waypoint: To create a user waypoint at this location and
add it to the flight plan, highlight ‘Load?’ and
1) Select the ‘Closest Point of FPL?’ option from press the ENT Key. The name for the new user
the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-31) waypoint is derived from the identifier of the
and press the ENT Key. reference waypoint.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
Shortcuts 3) Press the CLR Key to display a confirmation

window (Figure 5-34).
A number of shortcuts are available to save time when
using the Active Flight Plan Page. These shortcuts speed
the process of removing approaches, departures, and
arrivals, and aid in selecting a specific flight plan leg for
navigation guidance.
On the preceding page, options to remove approaches,
departures, and arrivals were introduced. This process
may also be completed using the CLR Key, as follows:
To remove an approach, departure, or Figure 5-34 Remove Approach Window
arrival using the CLR Key:
1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed, 4) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to
press the small right knob to activate the remove the selected procedure.
cursor. This same process may also be used to remove
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the title individual waypoints from the active flight plan.
for the approach (Figure 5-33), departure, or To remove a waypoint using the CLR Key:
arrival to be deleted. Titles appear in light blue
1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,
directly above the procedure’s waypoints.
press the small right knob to activate the
cursor.
identifier for the waypoint to be deleted.
Identifiers appear in green text.
3) Press the CLR Key to display a confirmation
window (Figure 5-35).
Figure 5-33 Highlight Item To Be Deleted
Figure 5-35 Remove Waypoint Window

remove the selected procedure.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
The ‘Activate Leg?’ option is discussed previously in When using instrument procedures, this feature can be
this section, which allows the pilot to specify which leg of used not only to activate a specific point-to-point leg, but
the flight plan is used for navigation guidance. A shortcut to also activate the procedure turn portion of an approach,
also exists for this operation, using the Direct-to Key. follow a DME arc, or activate a holding pattern.
To activate a specific leg of the active flight Any approach, departure, or arrival can be reviewed on
plan: the appropriate airport page in the Waypoint Page Group
(Section 7.1).
cursor and turn the large right knob to To review a procedure while viewing a
highlight the desired destination waypoint flight plan page:
(Figure 5-36). 1) With a flight plan page displayed, press the
small right knob to activate the cursor.
procedure header (Figure 5-38) and press the
ENT Key to select the WPT Page Group.
Figure 5-36 Destination Waypoint Highlighted
2) Press the Direct-to Key twice to display an

‘Activate Leg’ confirmation window (Figure
5-37). Figure 5-38 Procedure Header Highlighted
Figure 5-37 Activate Leg Window
3) With ‘Activate?’ highlighted, press the ENT

Key.

SECTION 5
FLIGHT PLANS
Blank Page

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
SECTION 6: PROCEDURES 3) A window appears listing the available

procedures (Figure 6-2). Turn the large right
knob to highlight the desired procedure
6.1 Approaches, Departures, and and press the ENT Key. (When a direct-to
Arrivals destination is selected, departures are offered
for the nearest airport.)
The GNS 430 allows the pilot to fly non-precision and
precision approaches to airports with published instrument
approach procedures. All available approaches are stored
on the Jeppesen NavData Card, and are automatically
updated when the new card is inserted into the GNS 430.
Subscription information for NavData cards is included in
the GNS 430 package.
The Procedures Page (Figure 6-1) is displayed by
pressing the PROC Key. The Procedures Page provides Figure 6-2 Approach Window
direct access to approaches, departures, and arrivals,
based upon the active flight plan or direct-to destination. 4) A second window appears listing the available
In either case, the departure and destination airports must transitions (Figure 6-3). Turn the large right
have published procedures associated with them. knob to highlight the desired transition
To select an approach, departure, or arrival: waypoint and press the ENT Key. The approach
‘Vectors’ option assumes the pilot will receive
1) Press the PROC Key to display the Procedures
vectors to the final course segment of the
Page.
approach and will provide navigation guidance
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Select relative to the final approach course.
Approach?’, ‘Select Departure?’, or ‘Select
Arrival?’ (Figure 6-1) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 6-1 Procedures Page

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
5) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load?’ Once an approach is selected, it may be activated
or ‘Activate?’ (approaches only) and press the for navigation from the Procedures Page. Activating
ENT Key. (‘Load?’ adds the procedure to the the approach overrides the enroute portion of the active
flight plan without immediately using it for flight plan, proceeding directly to the approach portion
navigation guidance. This allows the pilot to (for a full approach, directly to the initial approach fix).
continue navigating the original flight plan, but Activating the approach also initiates automatic CDI
keeps the procedure available on the Active scaling transition as the approach progresses.
Flight Plan Page for quick activation when To activate an approach:
needed.)
6) For precision approaches and some non- Page (Figure 6-5).
precision approaches, a reminder window
appears indicating that GPS guidance on such 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate
approaches is strictly for monitoring only; use Approach?’ (Figure 6-5) and press the ENT
the VLOC receivers and external CDI (or HSI) for Key.
primary navigation. To confirm this reminder,
highlight ‘Yes?’ and press the ENT Key.
Not all approaches in the database are approved
for GPS use. When selecting an approach, a ‘GPS’
designation to the right of the procedure name (Figure
6-4) indicates the procedure can be flown using the GPS
receiver. Some procedures do not have this designation,
meaning the GPS receiver may be used for supplemental Figure 6-5 Procedures Page
navigation guidance only. ILS approaches, for example,
must be flown by tuning the VLOC receiver to the proper
frequency and coupling the VLOC receiver to the external
CDI (or HSI).
Figure 6-4 ‘GPS’ Designations

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Another Procedures Page option allows the pilot to 6.2 Non-Precision Approach
activate the final course segment of the approach. This Operations
option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the final
approach fix (FAF) and provides guidance to intercept the The GNS 430 provides non-precision approach
final course, before reaching the FAF. guidance using its built-in GPS receiver. The GPS receiver
can also be used as a supplemental aid for precision
To activate the approach, with vectors to
approaches (and for non-precision localizer-based
final:
approaches), but the localizer and glideslope receivers
1) Press the PROC Key to display the Procedures must be used for primary approach course guidance.
Page. Approaches designed specifically for GPS are often
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate very simple and don’t require overflying a VOR or NDB.
Vector-To-Final?’ (Figure 6-6) and press the Many non-precision approaches have GPS overlays to
ENT Key. let the pilot fly an existing procedure (VOR, VOR/DME,
NDB, RNAV, etc.) more accurately using GPS.
Many overlay approaches are complex (in comparison
to GPS-only approaches). The GNS 430 displays and
provides guidance through each leg of the approach,
automatically sequencing through each of these legs, up
to the missed approach point (MAP). Approaches may
be flown ‘as published’ with the full transition using any
published feeder route or initial approach fix (IAF), or
Figure 6-6 Procedures Page may be flown with a vectors-to-final transition.
In many cases, it may be easiest to Load the full NOTE: The following approach examples are
approach while still some distance away, enroute to the intended for instructional use only and are not
destination airport. Later, if vectored to final, use the to be used for navigation.
steps above to select ‘Activate Vector-To-Final’—which
makes the inbound course to the FAF waypoint active.
Otherwise, activate the full approach using the ‘Activate
Approach?’ option.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Select Destination 4) ‘Activate’ the full approach or vectors-to-final,

as appropriate. In some scenarios, it may be
more convenient to immediately activate the
‘Select’ and ‘Load’ the
approach approach and skip the ‘Load’ process outlined
in the preceding step 3. The GNS 430 provides
both options.
Approaches with Procedure Turns
‘Activate’ the
approach The procedure turn portion of an approach is stored
as one of the legs of the approach. For this reason, the
GNS 430 requires no special operations from the pilot
(other than flying the procedure turn itself) beyond what
DO NOT USE FOR
NAVIGATION is required for any other type of approach.

Lynchburg (VA) Regional
VOR or GPS Rwy 03 

Figure 6-7 Sample Approach
Approach operations on the GNS 430 typically begin

with the same basic steps (refer to Figure 6-7 for the
following steps):
1) Select the destination airport using the Direct- DO NOT USE FOR
to Key, or as the last waypoint in the active NAVIGATION
flight plan.
2) Choose the ‘Select Approach?’ option from
the Procedures Page (Section 6.1) or from the
Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Section 5.2,
Active Flight Plan Options).
Figure 6-8 Sample Approach with Procedure Turn
3) ‘Load’ the approach (often while enroute) in
anticipation of its future use. This places the This example uses the VOR Runway 03 approach for
approach in the active flight plan, but retains Lynchburg (Virginia) Regional Airport, KLYH, and assumes
course guidance in the enroute section until a departure from Frederick (Maryland) Municipal Airport,
the approach is ‘activated’. KFDK.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
The steps required to set up and fly the approach 3) Press the PROC Key (Figure 6-10) and select
are detailed below (refer to Figure 6-8 for the following the ‘VOR 03’ approach using the steps outlined
steps): in Section 6.1.
1) Prior to departing KFDK, the destination (KLYH)
is selected using the Direct-to Key or by
creating a flight plan terminating at Lynchburg
Regional.
2) While enroute to KLYH, select the ATIS
frequency from the list on the NAV/COM Page
(Section 3.6 and Figure 6-9) and place it in
the standby field of the COM Window. Use
the COM Flip-flop Key to make the ATIS
frequency active.
4) From the Transitions Window (Figure 6-11),
select LYH VOR (the IAF). Also, select ‘Load?’
to load, but not activate, the approach.
Figure 6-11 Approach and Transitions Windows

5) Press the PROC Key, select ‘Activate Approach?’
and press the ENT Key to activate the
approach.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Flying the Procedure Turn


Figure 6-13 CDI Scale at 1.0 nm
2) Several miles prior to reaching the IAF (LYH),

the pilot may wish to review the approach
 sequence. Press the FPL Key to display the
 Active Flight Plan Page. Press the small right
 knob, and then turn the large right knob to
review each segment of the approach (Figure
6-14). When finished, press the FPL Key again
to return to the previous page.
DO NOT USE FOR
NAVIGATION
Figure 6-12 Sample Approach with Procedure Turn
Refer to Figure 6-12 for the following steps:

1) Within 30 nm of the destination airport, the
GNS 430 switches from ‘enroute’ mode to
‘terminal’ mode (as indicated in the lower left
corner of the screen). The switch to terminal
mode is accompanied by a gradual Course
3) When approaching the IAF (LYH), a waypoint
Deviation Indicator (CDI) scale transition from
alert (‘NEXT DTK 205°’) appears in the lower
5.0 to 1.0 nm, full scale deflection (Figure
right corner of the screen (Figure 6-15). As
6-13).
the distance (DIS) to the IAF approaches zero,
the alert is replaced by a turn advisory (‘TURN
TO 205°’). Dial the outbound course of 205°
into the CDI (or HSI) using the OBS knob.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Refer to Figure 6-16 for the following steps:

6) Course guidance is provided relative to the
outbound leg from the FAF. No guidance
through the procedure turn itself is given. (The
procedure turn is displayed on the Map Page
and indicated as the active leg on the Default
NAV Page and the Active Flight Plan Page.) The
Figure 6-15 Waypoint Alert CDI needle starts moving to the right.
7) When turning to intercept the inbound course,
4) Fly the outbound course. the GNS 430 sequences to the inbound leg to
5) Approximately one minute after passing the the FAF, the CDI needle swings to the opposite
FAF (LYH), the alert message ‘START PROC side to provide proper sensing along the final
TRN’ appears in the lower right corner of the course segment and ‘NEXT DTK 025°’ appears
screen. Initiate the procedure turn at any time in the lower right corner of the screen (Figure
after receiving this alert message. 6-17).
DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION

Figure 6-17 Sequence to Inbound Leg
 8) Turn to the final approach course.


9) Within 2.0 nm of the FAF (LYH), the GNS 430
switches from terminal mode to ‘approach’
mode. CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to
 0.3 nm, full scale deflection.
 10) When approaching the FAF, a waypoint alert
(‘NEXT DTK 026°’) appears in the lower
right corner. Make any course adjustments
Figure 6-16 Terminal Mode
necessary for the final course segment (FAF to
MAP).

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
11) After crossing the FAF, the destination

sequences to the MAP (‘RW03’, the runway
threshold, see Figure 6-18). Fly toward the
MAP.
Figure 6-19 ‘SUSP’ Annunciation
Flying the Missed Approach

After passing the MAP, if the runway is not in sight
Figure 6-18 Sequence to MAP the pilot must execute a missed approach. The GNS 430
continues to give guidance along an extension of the final
NOTE: When viewing the Map Page, note that course segment (FAF to MAP) until the pilot manually
the final course segment is displayed in magenta initiates the missed approach procedure (as mentioned
(the active leg of the flight plan always appears previously in reference to the ‘SUSP’ advisory).
in magenta) and a dashed line extends the course
beyond the MAP. The dashed line is provided for 
situational awareness only and should NOT be
used for navigation. Follow the published missed 
approach procedures.

12) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert
(‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right
corner. 
13) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above
the OBS Key (Figure 6-19), indicating that
automatic sequencing of approach waypoints DO NOT USE FOR
is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication NAVIGATION
is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page,
but course guidance along the final approach Figure 6-20 Sequence to MAP
course continues. If a missed approach is
The OBS Key is used to initiate the missed approach,
required, use the OBS Key to initiate the missed
as follows (refer to Figure 6-20 for the following steps):
approach sequence, as outlined, beginning on
the following page.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
1) Press the OBS Key. The missed approach 30° of the inbound course). This allows the
holding point (MAHP; in this case ‘SWARM’ pilot to use standard timing (typically one
intersection) is automatically offered as the minute) to fly the inbound and outbound legs
destination waypoint (Figure 6-21). of the hold.
Figure 6-21 Missed Approach Holding Point Figure 6-22 ‘Hold Teardrop’ Annunciation
NOTE: In some cases, an additional hold

waypoint is added to the missed approach
sequence. This additional waypoint is used
as an aid in establishing the holding pattern,
especially where the MAP and MAHP are the
same waypoint.
2) Follow the missed approach procedures, as

published on the approach plate, for proper
Figure 6-23 Hold Timer
climb and heading instructions. The GNS 430
guides the pilot to the holding pattern, along
4) The GNS 430 provides course guidance only
the 053° radial from LYH VOR.
on the inbound side of the holding pattern.
3) An alert message in the lower right-hand corner When leaving the holding pattern to re-fly
of the screen recommends entry procedures for the approach (or another approach) press the
the holding pattern (i.e., ‘HOLD DIRECT’, ‘HOLD PROC Key to ‘Select Approach?’ or ‘Activate
PARALLEL’, or ‘HOLD TEARDROP’, see Figure Approach?’ as previously described. Or, use the
6-22). When flying the holding pattern, a timer Direct-to Key to select another destination.
appears on the Default NAV Page (Figure 6-23).
The timer automatically resets on the outbound
side of the hold when the aircraft is abeam the
hold waypoint. The timer again resets as the
aircraft turns inbound (within approximately

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Flying an Approach with a Hold 3) Press the ENT Key twice.

Starting where the previous example left off, assume This time, the pilot selects the GPS runway 21
weather conditions resulted in a missed approach at approach into Farmville Regional. The GPS runway 21
Lynchburg Regional. The pilot has decided to divert to approach begins with a holding pattern at the IAF, BODRY
Farmville Regional (KFVX) instead (refer to Figure 6-24 intersection.
for the following steps). 4) Press the PROC Key and select the ‘GPS 21’
approach. (Figure 6-26, also Section 6.1 for
additional instructions.)
  
DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION Figure 6-26 Approach Window
5) From the Transitions Window, select BODRY

intersection as the IAF (Figure 6-27). Also,
select ‘Activate?’ to load and activate the
approach.
Figure 6-24 Approach with Hold
1) Press the Direct-to Key.

the destination airport’s identifier (KFVX)
(Figure 6-25).
Figure 6-27 TRANS ‘Transitions’ Window
6) Once the approach has been activated, the

Active Flight Plan Page appears (Figure 6-28).
The pilot may review the approach sequence
by pressing the small right knob and turning
the large right knob. Press the FPL Key to
Figure 6-25 Select Direct-To Waypoint Page
return to the navigation pages.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Figure 6-28 Active Flight Plan Page Figure 6-30 ‘HOLD TEARDROP’ Annunciation
9) As mentioned in the missed approach example,

the Default NAV Page displays a timer during
 the holding pattern (Figure 6-31). The timer
  can be used to fly the one minute outbound
 portion of the holding pattern. (The holding
pattern is displayed on the Map Page and
indicated as the active leg on the Default NAV
Page and the Active Flight Plan Page.)
DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION

Refer to Figure 6-29 for the following steps.
7) As in the last example, within 30 nm of the 10) When crossing the IAF, ‘SUSP’ appears above
airport, the GNS 430 switches from enroute to the OBS Key (Figure 6-31), indicating that
terminal mode, and the CDI scale transitions automatic sequencing of approach waypoints
from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full scale deflection. is temporarily suspended. As the aircraft turns
inbound, ‘SUSP’ is cancelled and the GNS 430
8) Just prior to crossing BODRY intersection, a
returns to automatic sequencing.
’HOLD TEARDROP’ alert appears in the lower
right corner of the screen to suggest the proper
holding pattern entry (Figure 6-30). (‘HOLD
DIRECT’ or ‘HOLD PARALLEL’ may be offered
on other similar approaches.)

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
NOTE: If the pilot needs to lose extra altitude or Refer to Figure 6-32 for the following steps.
speed by going around the holding pattern again, 11) When approaching BODRY intersection, a
press the OBS Key to manually suspend waypoint waypoint alert (’NEXT DTK 209°’) appears in
sequencing before crossing the holding waypoint the lower right corner of the screen (Figure
the second time. If this waypoint has already 6-33).
been passed, re-activate the holding pattern
using the steps described in Section 5.2.
Figure 6-33 Waypoint Alert
12) At 2.0 nm from the FAF (DEPOY intersection),

the GNS 430 switches from terminal mode to
DO NOT USE FOR
NAVIGATION approach mode. CDI scaling is tightened from
1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale deflection.
Figure 6-32 Approach Mode

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
13) When approaching the FAF, a waypoint alert 15) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert
(‘NEXT DTK 209°’) appears in the lower (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right
right corner (Figure 6-34). Make any course corner.
adjustments necessary for the final course 16) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above
segment (FAF to MAP). the OBS Key (Figure 6-35), indicating that
automatic sequencing of approach waypoints
is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication
but course guidance along the final approach
course continues. If a missed approach is
required, use the OBS Key to initiate the
missed approach sequence, as outlined in this
section.
Figure 6-34 Final Approach
14) After crossing the FAF, the destination sequences

to the MAP (‘RW21’, the runway threshold).
With the needle centered, fly toward the MAP,
observing the altitude minimums dictated by
the approach plate. When viewing the Map
Page, note that the final course segment is
displayed in magenta, (the active leg of the Figure 6-35 Missed Approach
flight plan always appears in magenta) and
a dashed line extends the course beyond the
MAP. Do not follow this extended course.
Instead, follow published missed approach
procedures.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Flying a DME Arc Approach This example is based upon a flight from Hutchinson
(Kansas) Municipal (KHUT) to Billard Municipal (KTOP)
The GPS overlay for a DME arc approach uses
in Topeka, Kansas. The VOR/DME runway 22 approach
additional Jeppesen-provided waypoints to define the arc.
is selected, along with ‘D258G’ as the IAF (refer to Figure
These waypoints are indicated by ‘D’ as the first letter in
6-36 for the following steps).
the waypoint name. This is followed by three numbers
which indicate the radial the waypoint lies on. The last 1) Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as the
letter indicates the radius of the arc. destination via the Direct-to Key or as the
Either of the following may be done to intercept the arc last waypoint in a flight plan (Figure 6-37).
for a DME arc approach:
• Follow a specified radial inbound to intercept the
IAF.
• Follow ATC vectors which allow the pilot to
intercept the arc at any point along the arc.
DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION
Figure 6-37 Select Waypoint Page
2) Press the PROC Key (Figure 6-38) and select

the ‘VOR 22’ approach (Figure 6-39) using
the steps outlined in Section 6.1. From the
Transitions Window, select ‘D258G’ as the IAF.
  Also, select ‘Load?’ (or ‘Activate?’, if already
cleared for the approach).
Figure 6-36 Enroute Mode
NOTE: As this manual was being written, the

letter/number DME arc names were being
replaced with standard five-letter intersection
names. Either naming convention may be used
for an approach.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Figure 6-39 Approach Window Figure 6-41 Procedures Page
5) When approaching the IAF (D258G), a waypoint

DO NOT USE FOR
NAVIGATION alert (‘NEXT DTK 353°’) appears in the lower
 right corner of the screen (Figure 6-42). As the
distance (DIS) to the IAF approaches zero, the
alert is replaced by a turn advisory (‘TURN TO
  353°’).



Billard Muni (Topeka, KS)

VOR or GPS Rwy 22 Figure 6-42 Waypoint Alert
Figure 6-40 Terminal Mode 6) Follow the arc, when the course select setting
and desired track differ by more than 10°, a
Refer to Figure 6-40 for the following steps. ‘Set course to ###°’ message appears on the
3) Within 30 nm of KTOP, the GNS 430 switches Message Page.
from enroute mode to terminal mode and the
CDI scale transitions from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full
scale deflection.
4) If the approach has not yet been activated
(in step 2 above), do so when cleared for the
approach (Figure 6-41).

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
7) The next point in the approach is an intermediate Refer to Figure 6-44 for the following steps.
fix, labeled ‘D025G’. When approaching this
DO NOT USE FOR
intermediate fix, a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK NAVIGATION
205°’) appears in the lower right corner of the
screen (Figure 6-43). As the distance to this fix
approaches zero, the alert is replaced by a turn
advisory (‘TURN TO 205°’). Dial this course into

the CDI (or HSI) using the OBS knob.

Figure 6-43 Intermediate Approach Fix
8) At 2.0 nm from the FAF (TOP VOR), the GNS Figure 6-44 Approach Mode
430 switches from terminal mode to approach
mode. CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to 0.3 9) When approaching the FAF, ‘NEXT DTK 214°’
nm, full scale deflection. appears in the lower right corner of the screen
(Figure 6-45). Select this course on the CDI (or
HSI) using the OBS knob.
Figure 6-45 Final Approach Fix

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES

sequences to the MAP (‘RW22’, the runway
threshold). With the needle centered, fly
toward the MAP, observing the altitude
minimums dictated by the approach plate.
When viewing the Map Page, note that the final
course segment is displayed in magenta (the
active leg of the flight plan always appears in
magenta) and a dashed line extends the course
beyond the MAP (Figure 6-46).
Vectors to Final
Take a second look at the ‘VOR 22’ approach into
Billard Municipal. Instead of following the DME arc, ATC
tells the pilot to expect vectors onto the final approach
course. There are several ways to select ‘vectors to final’
with the GNS 430. The first two options below normally
require the least workload to accomplish:
• When the approach is first selected, choose
Figure 6-46 Final Course Segment ‘VECTORS’ from the Transitions Window.
11) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert • Load a full approach (including the IAF from the
(‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right Transitions Window) as described in Section 6.1.
corner. When cleared, press the PROC Key and select
‘Activate Vectors-To-Final?’.
12) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above
the OBS Key (Figure 6-47), indicating that • Load the full approach as described in Section
automatic sequencing of approach waypoints 6.1. Use the Direct-to Key (by pressing it twice)
is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication from the Active Flight Plan Page to select the
is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page, desired leg of the approach.
course continues. Do not follow this extended
course. Follow published missed approach
procedures using the OBS Key to initiate the
missed approach sequence, as outlined in
‘Flying the Missed Approach’ in this section.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
To select ‘VECTORS’ from the Transitions 3) From the Transitions Window, select ‘D258G’
Window: as the IAF (Figure 6-49). Also, select ‘Load?’.
1) Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as the
destination, using the Direct-to Key, or as the
last waypoint in a flight plan.
2) Press the PROC Key and select the ‘VOR 22’
approach using the steps outlined in Section
6.1.
3) From the Transitions Window, select ‘VECTORS’
(Figure 6-48). Figure 6-49 Transitions Window
4) When cleared, press the PROC Key and select

‘Activate Vector-To-Final?’ (Figure 6-50).
4) Select ‘Load?’ (or ‘Activate?’, if already cleared

for the approach). Figure 6-50 Procedures Page
To activate vectors-to-final from the
Procedures Page: Flying the Vectors Approach
1) Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as the With ‘vectors to final’ selected, the CDI needle remains
destination, using the Direct-to Key or as the off center until the aircraft is established on the final
last waypoint in a flight plan. approach course. With the approach activated, the Map
2) Press the PROC Key and select the ‘VOR 22’ Page displays an extension of the final approach course in
approach using the steps outlined in Section magenta (magenta is used to depict the active leg of the
6.1. flight plan) and ‘VTF’ appears as part of the active leg on
the Default NAV Page (as a reminder that the approach
was activated with vectors-to-final).

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION



Figure 6-52 Heading of 025°
 4) ATC instructs the pilot to turn right to a heading

of 115° (Figure 6-53).
In this example, assume ATC vectors result in a Figure 6-53 Heading of 115°
rectangular course to intercept final, as follows (refer to
Figure 6-51 for the following steps): 5) ATC instructs the pilot to turn right to a heading
1) Within 30 nm of KTOP, the GNS 430 switches of 175° to intercept the final approach course.
from enroute mode to terminal mode and the When converging with the final approach course
CDI scale transitions from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full the needle moves toward the center. (In Figure
scale deflection. 6-54, the needle has not yet returned to the
on-screen CDI, since the current position is still
2) If the approach has not already been activated,
1.7 nm right of the final approach course.)
activate the approach (with vectors-to-final).
This allows the GNS 430 to provide guidance
to the final approach course.
3) ATC instructs the pilot to turn left to a heading
of 025°. This places the aircraft parallel to the
final approach course in the opposite direction
(Figure 6-52). CDI needle deflection is to the
left.
Figure 6-54 CDI Off Scale

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES





8) When crossing the FAF, the destination
 DO NOT USE FOR sequences to the MAP (‘RW22’).
NAVIGATION
Figure 6-55 Approach Mode (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right
Refer to Figure 6-55 for the following steps. corner.
6) At 2.0 nm from the FAF (TOP VOR), the GNS 10) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above
430 switches from terminal mode to approach the OBS Key (Figure 6-58), indicating that
mode (Figure 6-56). CDI scaling is tightened automatic sequencing of approach waypoints
from 1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale deflection. is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication
course continues. Do not follow this extended
course. Follow published missed approach
procedures using the OBS Key to initiate the
missed approach sequence, as outlined in this
section.
Figure 6-56 Approach Mode
7) When approaching the FAF, a waypoint alert

(‘NEXT DTK 214°’) appears in the lower right
corner (Figure 6-57).

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Course From Fix Flight Plan Legs This example uses the VOR/DME RWY 25 approach into
Palmdale, California (KPMD) and includes a teardrop course
Certain approach, departure, and arrival procedures
reversal (refer to Figure 6-60 for the following steps).
in the Jeppesen database contain course from fix flight
plan legs. The GNS 430 is able to load these legs into the 1) At the initial approach fix (PMD), a waypoint
flight plan along with the rest of the procedure data, and alert (‘NEXT DTK 070°’) appears in the lower
provide navigation along these legs. right corner of the screen. As the distance to
There are three different types of course from fix legs: the IAF approaches zero, the alert is replaced
by a turn advisory (‘TURN TO 070°’). Dial the
• Course from fix to distance, or Course from fix to
outbound course into the CDI (or HSI) using
DME distance
the OBS knob.
• Course from fix to altitude
2) Fly the ‘course from fix to distance’ leg, as
• Course from fix to manual sequence shown on the Active Flight Plan Page and
Course from fix to distance legs appear in the flight the Default NAV Page (Figures 6-61 and
plan like normal waypoints, but the destination name 6-62). Note the magenta line in Figure 6-62,
always begins with a ‘D’, followed by a distance in nm which represents the currently active leg of
from the waypoint fix (Figure 6-59). the approach. The distance (DIS) displayed on
the above screens is TO the ‘D13.0’ point. The
flight plan automatically sequences to the next
leg upon reaching ‘D13.0’.
Palmdale (CA) AF Plant 42 Figure 6-61 Default NAV Page

VOR/DME or GPS Rwy 25

 
 
 

DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION
Figure 6-60 KPMD Approach Figure 6-62 Map Page

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
3) At 13.0 nm from the FAF, a waypoint alert Course from fix to altitude legs show the specific target
(‘NEXT DTK 265°’) appears in the lower right altitude on the Active Flight Plan Page (Figure 6-63) and
corner of the screen. Turn to intercept the final the Default NAV Page (Figure 6-64). The missed approach
approach course and watch for the CDI needle sequence for the Palmdale VOR/DME RWY 25 approach
to begin to center. includes a course from fix to altitude leg.
4) When approaching the intermediate fix (CF25),
a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK 265°’) appears.
5) Within 2.0 nm of the FAF (THERO), the GNS
430 switches from terminal mode to approach
mode. ‘APR’ appears in the lower left corner
of the screen—replacing ‘TERM’. CDI scaling
is tightened from 1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale
deflection.
6) When approaching the FAF, ‘NEXT DTK 265°’
appears in the lower right corner of the
screen.
sequences to the MAP (MA25).
(‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right
corner of the screen.
9) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears
above the OBS Key, indicating that automatic Figure 6-64 Default NAV Page
sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended
at the MAP. If a missed approach is required,
use the OBS Key to initiate the missed
approach sequence, as outlined below.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
MISSED APPROACH: 3) Fly the outbound course. The Map Page depicts
 Palmdale (CA) AF Plant 42 the flight path extending indefinitely from PMD
VOR/DME or GPS Rwy 25
VOR (Figure 6-66). The distance (DIS) on the
 Default NAV Page, the Map Page, and the
Active Flight Plan Page increases, indicating

the distance back to PMD VOR.

DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION
MISSED APPROACH
Climb to 5000’
outbound via PMD VOR
R-282, then climbing
RIGHT turn to 7000’ direct
PMD VOR and hold.
Figure 6-66 Map Page
4) Upon reaching the desired altitude (5000’),

Figure 6-65 Palmdale Missed Approach press the OBS Key to return to automatic leg
sequencing. Confirm that ‘SUSP’ no longer
In this instance, the leg corresponds to the initial phase appears directly above the OBS Key.
of the missed approach, which reads ‘Climb to 5000’ 5) An alert (‘NEXT DTK 126°’) appears, providing
outbound via PMD VOR R-282’. Refer to Figure 6-65 for guidance to the inbound course (Figure 6-67)
the following steps. The actual desired track (DTK) depends on
1) After crossing the MAP, press the OBS Key. ground speed and distance from PMD VOR.
The missed approach sequence is automatically Intercept and fly the inbound course.
offered, starting with the course from fix to
altitude leg. The ‘NEXT DTK 282°’ alert appears
in the lower right corner of the screen.
2) Note that within a few seconds of pressing the
OBS Key to release suspend mode and start
the approach sequence, ‘SUSP’ re-appears
above the OBS Key as the GNS 430 returns
to suspend mode. This is normal when flying
a course from fix to altitude leg and indicates Figure 6-67 Waypoint Alert
that automatic leg sequencing is suspended.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
6) When approaching PMD VOR (the missed Course from fix to manual sequence legs appear on the
approach holding point), an alert message Active Flight Plan Page and the Map Page with ‘man seq’
in the lower right-hand corner of the screen in place of a waypoint identifier. An example of this type
recommends the holding pattern entry of course leg appears in the COASTAL ONE DEPARTURE
procedure (‘HOLD PARALLEL’). When flying from Westfield, Massachusetts (Barnes Muni). The
the holding pattern, a timer appears on the example leg corresponds to the departure leg from Barnes
Default NAV Page. The timer automatically Municipal and appears (as in Figure 6-68) on the Active
resets on each outbound and inbound portion Flight Plan Page and the Default NAV Page:
of the holding pattern.
7) Note that the GNS 430 again displays ‘SUSP’ COASTAL ONE DEPARTURE
above the OBS Key. Automatic waypoint (CSTL1.CCC)  
DEPARTING BARNES MUNI,
sequencing is suspended at the missed Fly assigned heading and altitude  
approach holding point. A waypoint alert for radar vectors to HFD
VOR. Expect clearance to
(‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right requested flight level 10
corner of the screen each time the aircraft minutes after departure. From
over HFD VOR, proceed via the HFD R-143 to
approaches PMD VOR in the holding pattern. Thumb Int,
then via the HTO R-010 to
8) When leaving the holding pattern, press the Yoder Int, then via the CCC
PROC Key to reactivate the approach, or select R-057 to CCC VOR.

Then via transition
a different approach, or press the Direct-to or assigned
route.
Key to select another destination.
DO NOT USE
FOR NAVIGATION
Figure 6-68 Coastal One Departure

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Refer to Figure 6-68 for the following steps. 3) Fly the outbound course. When cleared to
1) Select the departure (CSTL1) from the sequence to the next leg, press the OBS Key.
Procedures Page, then select the departure Confirm that ‘SUSP’ no longer appears directly
runway, (RW02 in this example, see Figure above the OBS Key. An alert (‘NEXT DTK
6-69) and transition (GEDIC). Refer to Section 186°’) appears in the lower right corner of
6.1 for instructions on selecting departures. the screen (Figure 6-71) to provide guidance
to the next waypoint (HFD VOR). The actual
desired track (DTK) depends on ground speed
and distance from HFD VOR.
Figure 6-69 Runway Window
2) When departing the airfield, ‘NEXT DTK 026°’

appears in the lower right corner of the screen Figure 6-71 Waypoint Alert
and ‘SUSP’ appears directly above the OBS
Key, which indicates the aircraft is now on the 4) When the OBS Key is pressed, the GNS 430
course-from-fix-to-manual-sequence leg. The automatically sequences to each waypoint
distance displayed on the Active Flight Plan along the remainder of the departure route,
Page, the Default NAV Page (Figure 6-70), and including the selected transition.
the Map Page is FROM the waypoint fix (the
departure runway in this example).

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
6.3 ILS Approaches Figure 6-72 shows multiple locations along the
approach path and the expected CDI selection: GPS or
Precision approaches can be performed with the GNS VLOC. The automatic switch from GPS to VLOC should
430’s built-in VLOC (VOR/localizer/glideslope) receivers. occur within the area of the shaded box.
The GPS receiver can be used for guidance prior to
reaching the final approach fix, but once there, the proper 1.2NM 1.2NM
frequency must be selected on the VLOC Window (left 15NM
side of screen) and the CDI output set to ‘VLOC’.

The GNS 430 can be set to automatically switch the
external CDI output from GPS to VLOC as the pilot
intercepts the final approach course. When the ILS GPS
VLOC
approach is activated, the GNS 430 automatically switches
within 1.2 nm left or right of the final approach course.
This switch can take place anywhere from 2.0 to 15.0 nm
from the FAF.
NOTE: When intercepting the approach course GPS
VLOC
at a distance less than 2.0 nm from the FAF,
the GNS 430 does not automatically switch the
CDI to VLOC. In this case, press the CDI Key to
manually switch from GPS to VLOC.
2NM
MANUAL
FAF
Figure 6-72 ILS Approach

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
The automatic switch from GPS to VLOC occurs Flagstaff (AZ) Pulliam
gradually to prevent abrupt CDI changes when coupled ILS DME Rwy 21
to an autopilot. The CDI selection can also be changed
manually by pressing the CDI Key. Once the switch
from GPS to VLOC has occurred, either automatically or
manually, it does not automatically switch again until the
approach is reactivated or another approach is selected.

To prevent automatic ILS CDI selection, choose the 
‘Manual’ ILS CDI setting, as described in Section 10.4
‘CDI Scale/Alarms’. (The factory default setting is ‘Auto’,
which enables the automatic switch to VLOC.)
Selecting an ILS Approach
This example uses a flight from Laughlin Bullhead
(Arizona) International to Flagstaff Pulliam (KFLG) and DO NOT USE FOR
selects the ILS runway 21 approach. ‘SHUTR’ intersection NAVIGATION
is selected as the IAF, which includes an outbound leg and
a procedure turn. Of course, vectors-to-final could also Figure 6-73 ILS Approach, Flagstaff
be selected, as previously described for the non-precision
approach examples (refer to Figure 6-73 for the following 1) Select Flagstaff Pulliam (KFLG) as the
steps). destination, using the Direct-to Key or as the
last waypoint in a flight plan (Figure 6-74).
Figure 6-74 Select Waypoint

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
2) Press the PROC Key and select the ‘ILS 21’ Flying the ILS Approach
approach (Figure 6-75) using the steps outlined
When ‘Activate?’ is selected for an ILS approach,
in Section 6.1.
automatic switching of the external CDI is enabled (unless
turned off from the CDI/Alarms Page). Once established
on the inbound course to the FAF, the external CDI
guidance automatically switches from ‘GPS’ (shown in
green text) to ‘VLOC’ (shown in white text). If the pilot
has forgotten to activate the ILS frequency (step 4 below),
automatic selection of ‘VLOC’ does not occur (refer to
Figure 6-77 for the following steps).
Figure 6-75 Approach Window DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION
3) From the Transitions Window, select ‘SHUTR’
as the IAF (Figure 6-76). Also, select ‘Load?’ 
(or ‘Activate?’, if already cleared for the
approach). 



4) A reminder message appears, indicating that

GPS can only be used for approach monitoring.
As mentioned, the VLOC receiver must be
used for this approach. Press the ENT Key to Figure 6-77 Terminal Mode
acknowledge the message.
When an ILS approach is loaded or activated, the ILS
frequency is automatically placed in the standby field of
the VLOC Window. To use this frequency, press the VLOC
Flip-flop Key to place it in the active frequency field.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
1) Within 30 nm of KFLG, the GNS 430 switches 4) Press the VLOC Flip-flop Key to activate the
from enroute mode to terminal mode and the ILS frequency. If this step is forgotten, the GNS
CDI scale transitions from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full 430 displays a reminder message (within 3 nm
scale deflection. of the FAF) to activate the ILS frequency.
2) If the approach has not yet been activated, 5) As the distance (DIS) to the IAF approaches
(in steps on the preceding page), do so when zero, the alert is replaced by a turn advisory
cleared for the approach (Figure 6-78). (‘TURN TO 030°’; see Figure 6-80).
Figure 6-78 Activate Approach Figure 6-80 Turn Advisory
3) When approaching the IAF (SHUTR), a waypoint 6) Fly the outbound course.
alert (‘NEXT DTK 030°’) appears in the lower 7) Approximately one minute past SHUTR
right corner of the screen (Figure 6-79). intersection, the alert message ‘START PROC
TRN’ (Figure 6-81) appears in the lower right
corner of the screen (if the pilot has not yet
begun the procedure turn).
Figure 6-81 Alert Message

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
DO NOT USE FOR
NAVIGATION 


10) Turn to track the ILS approach course.
NOTE: From this point on, primary navigation

is provided by the VLOC receiver. The pilot may
continue to use the GPS receiver for supplemental
navigation guidance only. ALSO, when using an
external CDI (not an HSI), expect reverse sensing
when flying outbound on the approach course
Figure 6-82 ILS Approach Course or when flying a backcourse approach.
Refer to Figure 6-82 for the following steps. 11) When approaching the FAF (SHUTR), ‘0.30nm’
8) Initiate the procedure turn. The GNS 430 does appears in the lower left corner of the screen
not provide guidance through the turn. (The indicating a CDI scale transition from 1.0 to 0.3
procedure turn is displayed on the Map Page nm, full scale deflection (Figure 6-84). (This
and indicated as the active leg on the Default scale transition applies only to the Default NAV
NAV Page and the Active Flight Plan Page.) Page’s on-screen CDI, since the external CDI or
9) After approximately one minute, make a turn HSI is now coupled to the VLOC receiver. GPS
to intercept the ILS. The GNS 430 sequences to approach mode is not activated for precision
the inbound leg and ‘NEXT DTK 210°’ (Figure approaches, since the VLOC receiver must be
6-83) appears in the lower right corner of the used for primary navigation.)
screen. CDI coupling automatically switches
from the GPS receiver to the VLOC receiver as
the pilot completes the inbound turn. (If the ILS
frequency has not been activated, per step 4,
this automatic CDI switching does not occur.)

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION
Figure 6-87 Map Page

Figure 6-85 Final Approach, Flagstaff (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right
corner.
Refer to Figure 6-85 for the following steps.
12) When approaching SHUTR, a waypoint alert
(‘NEXT DTK 210°’) appears in the lower right
corner of the screen (Figure 6-84).
13) After crossing SHUTR, the destination sequences
to the MAP (‘RW21’, the runway threshold, see
Figure 6-86). Fly toward the MAP. (When
viewing the Map Page as in Figure 6-87, note
that the final course segment is displayed
in magenta (the active leg of the flight plan
always appears in magenta), and a dashed
line extends the course beyond the MAP.)

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
15) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above 6.4 Points to Remember for All
the OBS Key (Figure 6-88), indicating that Approaches
automatic sequencing of approach waypoints
is suspended at the MAP. A ‘FROM’ indication • The GNS 430 is designed to complement printed
is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page, approach plates and vastly improve situational
but course guidance along the final approach awareness throughout the approach. However,
course continues. Do not follow this extended the pilot must always fly an approach as it appears
course. Follow published missed approach on the approach plate.
procedures, using the OBS Key to initiate the
• The active leg (or the portion of the approach
missed approach sequence.
currently in use) is depicted in magenta on the
Map Page. When flying the approach, the GNS
430 automatically sequences through each leg
of the approach unless ‘SUSP’ appears above
the OBS Key. ‘SUSP’ indicates that automatic
sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended
on the current leg and normally appears at
holding patterns and upon crossing the missed
approach point (MAP).
NOTE: In addition to using the OBS Key to

initiate the missed approach sequence, the
CDI Key may be used to manually switch the
external CDI output to the GPS receiver. ‘GPS’ is
indicated above the CDI Key. If the pilot leaves
the CDI output on ‘VLOC’ and the pilot is using
an external CDI (not an HSI), expect reverse
sensing on the backcourse of the ILS.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Points to Remember for Localizer-based • When an ILS approach is first selected and
Approaches ‘loaded’ (or ‘activated’), the ILS frequency is
automatically placed in the standby field. In
• The default factory setting allows the CDI output order to fly the final course segment of the ILS
to automatically switch from the GPS receiver approach, the pilot must place the ILS frequency
to the VLOC receiver. If the ‘ILS CDI Capture’ in the active frequency field by pressing the
setting is changed to ‘Manual’, the pilot must VLOC Flip-flop Key. If this is not done, a ‘Select
determine when to select GPS or VLOC guidance appropriate frequency for approach’ message
during the approach. Remember, VLOC is appears within 3.0 nm of the FAF.
required for the final course segment from final
• When flying a localizer-based approach (other
approach fix (FAF) to MAP.
than backcourse) with automatic CDI switching
• If the CDI output has not automatically switched enabled:
from GPS to ILS by 2.0 nm prior to the FAF, the
1. GPS guidance is used while flying
pilot must manually switch to the VLOC receiver
outbound and on the initial portion of
by pressing the CDI Key. Verify that ‘VLOC’ is
the procedure turn.
displayed directly above the CDI Key.
2. VLOC guidance is used on the remainder
• Automatic switching of CDI output is available
of the approach from the time the pilot
for ILS, localizer, SDF, and LDA approaches.
turns inbound on the procedure turn.
Automatic CDI switching is not available for
backcourse approaches. 3. The localizer frequency must be active to
use VLOC guidance.
• When flying an approach with the autopilot
coupled, the pilot must monitor system functions • When flying a localizer-based approach with
at all times and verify that the autopilot and automatic CDI switching disabled:
external CDI (or HSI) switches to the VLOC 1. The pilot may select VLOC guidance
receiver with sufficient time to capture and track at any point on the approach prior to
the approach course. Switching to VLOC late reaching the FAF.
in the approach may not provide the autopilot
enough time to respond and intercept the 2. The localizer frequency must be active to
approach course prior to the FAF (depending use VLOC guidance.
upon the performance characteristics of the
autopilot and aircraft). In such cases, the pilot
should manually fly the approach or refer to the
documentation provided with the autopilot.

SECTION 6
PROCEDURES
Blank Page

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
SECTION 7: WPT PAGES To quickly select a WPT page:

1) From any page, press and hold the CLR Key to
select the Default NAV Page (this step may be
7.1 WPT Page Group skipped if the unit is already displaying any of
Section 3.1 introduced the GNS 430’s main page groups the main pages.)
(Table 7-1)—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described 2) Turn the large right knob to select the WPT
each page in the NAV group. This second page group Page Group. ‘WPT’ appears in the lower right
(WPT) provides information for the thousands of airports, corner of the screen.
VORs, NDBs, intersections, runways, frequencies, and 3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired
procedures stored on the Jeppesen NavData Card. A WPT page.
WPT page is also provided to display information for up
to 1,000 user-created waypoints. NOTE: The GNS 430 uses International Civil
Aviation Organization (ICAO) identifiers for all
Page Groups airports. All U.S. airport identifiers which contain
only letters use the prefix ‘K’. For example, Los
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group Angeles International is KLAX under the ICAO
see Section 3 10 WPT Pages see Section 10 see Section 8 standard. Other airports, such as Otten Memorial
(3VS), that contain numbers in the identifier, do
Table 7-1 Page Groups not require the ‘K’ prefix. Many foreign countries
use two letter prefixes.
The WPT Page Group includes ten pages (Figure

7-1). While viewing any WPT page, turn the small right
knob to select a different WPT page. The first six pages
Airport Location Airport Runway Airport Frequency
provide detailed information for the selected airport:
location, runways, frequencies, approaches, arrivals, and
departures. The last four pages provide information for
Airport Approach Airport Arrival Airport Departure intersections, NDBs, VORs, and user-created waypoints.
After a WPT page is selected, information for a waypoint
may be viewed by entering the identifier (or name) of the
desired waypoint. Airports, NDBs, and VORs may be
Intersection NDB VOR selected by identifier, facility name, or location (city).
User Waypoint
Figure 7-1 WPT Pages

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
To enter a waypoint identifier: 5) Turn the large right knob to select the next
1) Select the desired WPT page and press the character field.
small right knob to activate the cursor. 6) Repeat steps 4 and 5 until the facility name or
2) Turn the small right knob to select the first location is selected, then press the ENT Key
character of the waypoint’s identifier. (Figures 7-3 and 7-4).
3) Turn the large right knob to select the next
character field.
character.
5) Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the identifier is
selected, then press the ENT Key.
6) To remove the flashing cursor, press the small
right knob. Figure 7-3 Airport Location Page
To enter a waypoint facility name or city

location:
1) Select the Airport Location Page, NDB Page
or VOR Page from the WPT Page Group (as
described on the preceding page).
cursor.
3) Turn the large right knob to select the facility
Figure 7-4 VOR Page
name or location (city) field.
4) Turn the small right knob to select the desired 7) To remove the flashing cursor, press the small
character (Figure 7-2). right knob.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
Duplicate Waypoints knob if the desired facility name or location

has been scrolled past.
Once the identifier, facility name, or location is
entered, all six airport pages display information for the
selected airport. When entering an identifier, facility
name, or location, the GNS 430’s Spell’N’Find feature
scrolls through the database, displaying those waypoints
matching the characters that have been entered to that
point. If duplicate entries exist for the entered facility
name or location, additional entries may be viewed
by continuing to turn the small right knob during the
selection process. If duplicate entries exist for an entered Figure 7-6 Second Facility for Albuquerque
identifier, a Duplicate Waypoint Window appears when
the identifier is selected (by pressing the ENT Key). 4) Press the ENT Key to select the desired facility
name or location.
To select a facility name or location where
duplicate entries exist:
right knob.
1) Select the desired facility name or location,
following the preceding steps under ‘To enter To select a waypoint identifier from a list
a waypoint facility name or city location’. of duplicates:
2) When spelling the facility name or location, 1) Select the desired airport or NAVAID identifier
using the small and large right knobs, the GNS following the preceding steps under ‘To enter
430’s Spell’N’Find feature selects the first entry a waypoint facility name or city location’.
(Figure 7-5) in the database based upon the 2) A Duplicate Waypoints Window appears (Figure
characters entered up to that point. 7-7). Turn the large right knob to select the
desired waypoint and press the ENT Key.
Figure 7-5 First Facility for Albuquerque

Figure 7-7 Duplicate Waypoints Window
3) Continue turning the small right knob to
scroll through any additional database listings 3) To remove the flashing cursor, press the small
(Figure 7-6) for the selected facility name or right knob.
location. Scroll backwards with the small right
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WPT PAGES
7.2 Airport Location Page The following descriptions and abbreviations are
used:
The Airport Location Page (Figure 7-8) displays the
latitude, longitude, and elevation of the selected airport. • Type - Usage type: Public, Heliport, Military, or
The Airport Location Page also displays facility name and Private
location, as well as fuel availability, available approaches, • Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or
radar coverage, and airspace type. degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS
1 2 3 4 5 6 • Elevation - In feet or meters
• Fuel - For public-use airports, the available fuel
type(s) are: Avgas (80-87/100LL/100-130/Mogas),
Jet, or None
• Approach - Best available approach: ILS, MLS,
LOC, LDA, SDF, GPS, VOR, RNAV (‘RNV’),
LORAN (‘LOR’), NDB, TACAN (‘TCN’),
Helicopter (‘HEL’), or VFR
• Radar - Radar coverage: Yes or No
• Airspace - Control environment: Class B, Class C,
7 8 9 10 Class D, CTA, TMA, TRSA, or none
1 Position (Latitude/Longitude)
2 Facility Name and Location (City)
3 Radar Coverage
4 Airport Identifier, Symbol, and Type
5 Field Elevation and Available Fuels
6 Airspace Type
7 Best Available Approach
Page Group
10 Number of Pages in Current Page Group

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WPT PAGES
7.3 Airport Runway Page To display information for each additional

runway:
The Airport Runway Page (Figure 7-9) displays runway
designations, length, surface type, and lighting for the 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
selected airport. A map image of the runway layout and cursor.
surrounding area is also displayed on the Airport Runway 2) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor
Page. The map image range appears in the lower left on the runway designation field (Figure 7-9).
corner and is adjustable using the RNG Key. For airports 3) Turn the small right knob to display a window
with multiple runways, information for each runway is listing all runways for the selected airport
available. (Figure 7-10).
Map Image Airport Identifier, Runway Designations
Symbol, and Type
Position of
Current Page
within Current Figure 7-10 Runway Window
Page Group
Runway Length and Width, Current Page Number of Pages in 4) Continue turning the small right knob to select
Surface, and Lighting Group Current Page Group the desired runway.
Figure 7-9 Airport Runway Page
5) Press the ENT Key to display information for
the selected runway on the Airport Runway
Page (Figure 7-11).
Figure 7-11 Airport Runway Page

right knob.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
To adjust the range of the map image: 7.4 Airport Frequency Page
1) Press the down arrow of the RNG Key to The Airport Frequency Page displays radio frequencies
display a smaller map area. and frequency types for the selected airport, as well as
2) Press the up arrow of the RNG Key to display sector and altitude restrictions (where applicable). If
a larger map area. the selected airport has a localizer-based approach,
The following descriptions and abbreviations are used the localizer frequency(ies) is also listed on the Airport
on the Airport Runway Page: Frequency Page (Figure 7-12). The Airport Frequency
• Type - Usage type: Public, Heliport, Military, or Page may be used to quickly select and tune a COM or
Private VLOC frequency.
• Surface - Runway surface types include: Hard, Frequency Type Airport Identifier, Frequency
Turf, Sealed, Gravel, Dirt, Soft, Unknown, or Symbol, and Type
Water
• Lighting - Runway lighting types include: No Scroll
Lights, Part Time, Full Time, Unknown, or Bar
Frequency (for pilot-controlled lighting)
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Usage Restrictions Current Page Number of Pages in
Information Group Current Page Group
Figure 7-12 Airport Frequency Page
To scroll through the frequency list and

tune to a desired frequency on the list:
cursor.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
2) Turn the large right knob to scroll through the Some listed frequencies may include designations for
list, placing the cursor on the desired frequency limited usage, as follows:
(Figure 7-13). If there are more frequencies in • ‘TX’ - Transmit only
the list than can be displayed on the screen, a
scroll bar (Figure 7-12) along the right-hand • ‘RX’ - Receive only
side of the screen indicates the cursor’s position • ‘PT’ - Part time frequency
within the list.
If a listed frequency has sector or altitude restrictions,
the frequency is preceded by an ‘Info?’ designation.
To view usage restrictions for a frequency:
1) Turn the large right knob to place the cursor
on the ‘Info?’ designation directly to the left
of the desired frequency (Figure 7-15).
Figure 7-13 Frequency Highlighted
3) Press the ENT Key to place the selected

frequency in the standby field of the COM or
VLOC Window (Figure 7-14).
Figure 7-15 ‘Info?’ Highlighted
2) Press the ENT Key to display the restriction

information (Figure 7-16).
Figure 7-14 Frequency Moved to Standby Field

right knob.
Figure 7-16 Restriction Information Page
3) To return to the Airport Frequency Page, press

the ENT Key.

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WPT PAGES
The following descriptions and abbreviations are used 7.5 Airport Approach Page
on the Airport Frequency Page:
The Airport Approach Page (Figure 7-17) shows the
• Type - Usage type: Public, Heliport, Military, or available approach procedures for the selected airport.
Private Where multiple initial approach fixes (IAFs) and feeder
• Frequency - Communication frequencies which routes are available, that information may also be
may include restrictions: displayed. A map image provides a layout diagram for
Approach Arrival Class B each approach and transition.
Class C CTA Departure Airport Identifier, Map Image
TMA Terminal TRSA Symbol, and Type
Communication frequencies without restrictions: Approach

Procedure
ATIS ASOS AWOS Name
Center Clearance Gate Transitions:
Control Ground Helicopter IAF’s, Feeder
Multicom Pre-taxi Radar Routes, and
Vectors-to-Final
Ramp Other Tower
Unicom
Position of Current Page Current Number of Pages in
within Current Page Group Page Group Current Page Group
Navigation frequencies:
Figure 7-17 Airport Approach Page
ILS LOC
To scroll through the available approaches
and transitions:
cursor.
on the approach (APR) procedure name field
(Figure 7-17).

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
3) Turn the small right knob to display a window 6) Press the ENT Key. To remove the flashing
of available approaches for the selected airport cursor, press the small right knob.
(Figure 7-18). Continue turning the small right
knob to select the desired approach. NOTE: Not all approaches in the database
are approved for GPS use. When selecting an
approach, a ‘GPS’ designation to the right of the
procedure name indicates the procedure can be
flown using the GPS receiver. Some procedures
do not have this designation, meaning the
GPS receiver may be used for supplemental
navigation guidance only. ILS approaches, for
example, must be flown by tuning the VLOC
receiver to the proper frequency and coupling
Figure 7-18 Approach Window the VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI).
4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the

transitions (TRANS) field.
of available transitions (Figure 7-19). Continue
desired transition or select ‘VECTORS’ for
guidance only along the final course segment
of the approach.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
Airport Approach Page Options 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load
into Active FPL?’ and press the ENT Key (Figure
The following options are available for the Airport
7-21).
Approach Page, by pressing the MENU Key:
‘Load into Active FPL?’ allows the pilot to load the
selected approach into the active flight plan without
activating it. This performs the same operation as selecting
‘Load?’ from the Procedures Page ‘Select Approach?’
option. See Section 6.1.
To load an approach from the Airport
Approach Page:
Figure 7-21 Airport Approach Page Menu
4) The Active Flight Plan Page appears. Press the

FPL Key to return to the Airport Procedures
Page.
‘Load and Activate?’ allows the pilot to load the selected
approach into the active flight plan and activate navigation
Figure 7-20 Airport Approach Page guidance to the approach transition (Section 6.1).
To load and activate an approach from the Airport
1) Select the desired approach and transition Approach Page, follow the steps above, but select ‘Load
using the steps outlined in Section 6.1 (Figure and Activate?’ in step 3.
7-20).
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Airport
Approach Page Menu.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
7.6 Airport Arrival Page 3) Turn the small right knob to display a window
of available arrivals for the selected airport
The Airport Arrival Page (Figure 7-22) shows the (Figure 7-23). Continue turning the small right
available Airport Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR) knob to select the desired arrival.
procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple
transitions or runways are associated with the arrival
procedure, that information may also be displayed. A
map image provides a layout diagram for each arrival,
transition, and runway.
Airport Identifier, Map Image
Symbol, and Type
Arrival Figure 7-23 Arrivals Window

Procedure
Name
Transitions
transitions (TRANS) field.
Runway
associated 5) Turn the small right knob to display a window
with arrival of available transitions (Figure 7-24). Continue
Position of Current Page Current Number of Pages in desired transition.
Figure 7-22 Airport Arrival Page
To scroll through the available arrivals:

cursor.
on the arrival (ARVL) procedure name field
(Figure 7-22). Figure 7-24 Transitions Window

runway field.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
7) Turn the small right knob to display a window Airport Arrival Page Options
of available runways (Figure 7-25). Continue
The following option is available for the Airport Arrival
Page, by pressing the MENU Key:
desired runway. (‘ALL’ may appear in the
‘Load into Active FPL?’ allows the pilot to load the
runway field, indicating the arrival procedure
selected arrival into the active flight plan. This is identical
applies to all runways. For airports with
to loading an arrival procedure from the Procedures Page,
parallel runways, ‘B’ may appear at the end of
as described in Section 6.1.
the runway designation to indicate the arrival
procedure applies to both runways.) To load an arrival procedure from the
Airport Arrival Page:
1) Select the desired arrival, transition, and
runway using the steps above.
Arrival Page Menu.
3) Press the ENT Key to select the ‘Load into
Active FPL?’ option (Figure 7-26).
8) Press the ENT Key. To remove the flashing

cursor, press the small right knob.
Figure 7-26 Airport Arrival Page Menu
4) The Active Flight Plan Page appears. Press the

FPL Key to return to the Airport Arrival Page.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
7.7 Airport Departure Page

The Airport Departure Page (Figure 7-27) shows the
available Airport Standard Instrument Departure (SID)
procedures for the selected airport. Where multiple
runways or transitions are associated with the departure
procedure, that information may also be displayed. A
map image provides a layout diagram for each departure,
runway, and transition. Figure 7-28 Departure Window
Airport Identifier, Map Image Departure 4) Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the
Symbol, and Type Procedure runway field.
Name
of available runways (Figure 7-29). Continue
Runways
associated with desired runway. ‘ALL’ may appear in the
Departure runway field, indicating the departure procedure
Transitions applies to all runways. For airports with parallel
runways, ‘B’ may appear at the end of the
runway designation to indicate the departure
Position of Current Page Current Number of Pages in procedure applies to both runways.
Figure 7-27 Airport Departure Page
To scroll through the available departures:

cursor.
on the departure (DEP) procedure name field
(Figure 7-27).
3) Turn the small right knob to display a window 6) Press the ENT Key. The cursor moves to the
of available departures for the selected airport transitions (TRANS) field.
(Figure 7-28). Continue turning the small right 7) Turn the small right knob to display a window
knob to select the desired departure. of available transitions. Continue turning
transition.
8) Press the ENT Key. To remove the flashing
cursor, press the small right knob.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
Airport Departure Page Options 7.8 Intersection Page

The following option is available for the Airport The Intersection Page (Figure 7-31) displays the
Departure Page, by pressing the MENU Key: latitude, longitude, region, and country for the selected
‘Load into Active FPL?’ allows the pilot to load the intersection. The Intersection Page also displays the
selected departure into the active flight plan. This is identifier, radial, and distance from the nearest VOR,
identical to loading a departure procedure from the VORTAC, or VOR/DME.
Procedures Page, as described in Section 6.1. Latitude/Longitude Intersection Identifier Region/ Nearest VOR
Position and Symbol Country and Symbol
To load a departure procedure from the
Airport Departure Page:
1) Select the desired departure, runway, and Radial and
Distance
transition using the steps above. from Nearest
VOR
Departure Page Menu. Position of
Current Page
3) Press the ENT Key to select the ‘Load into within Current
Page Group
Active FPL?’ option (Figure 7-30).
Current Page Group Number of Pages in
Current Page Group
Figure 7-31 Intersection Page
The following descriptions and abbreviations are
used:
• Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or
degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS
• RAD - Radial from nearest VOR in degrees
Figure 7-30 Airport Departure Page Menu magnetic or degrees true (depending upon unit
configuration)
4) The Active Flight Plan Page appears. Press
the FPL Key to return to the Airport Departure • DIS - Distance from nearest VOR, in nautical
Page. miles/statute miles/kilometers (depending upon
unit configuration)
NOTE: The VOR displayed on the Intersection
Page is the nearest VOR, not necessarily the VOR
used to define the intersection.
Intersections may only be selected by identifier, as

described in Section 7.1.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
7.9 NDB Page 7.10 VOR Page

The NDB Page displays the facility name, city, The VOR Page (Figure 7-33) displays the facility
region/country, latitude, and longitude for the selected name, city, region/country, magnetic variation, latitude,
NDB (Figure 7-32). The NDB Page also displays and longitude for the selected VOR. The VOR Page also
the frequency and a weather broadcast indication (if displays the frequency and a weather broadcast indication
applicable). As mentioned in Section 7.1, NDBs may be (if applicable).
selected by identifier, facility name, or location (city).
Latitude/Longitude VOR Identifier Facility Name,
Latitude/Longitude NDB Identifier Position and Symbol City, and Region/
Position and Symbol Country
Magnetic
Facility Variation
Name, City,
and Region/
Country
Frequency
Frequency and Weather
and Weather Broadcast
Broadcast Indication
Indication
Position of Current Page Current Number of Pages in within Current Page Group Page Group Current Page Group
Figure 7-33 VOR Page
Figure 7-32 NDB Page
used:
used:
• Symbol - See Section 3.4 for a graphic illustration
• Symbol - See Section 3.4 for a graphic illustration
of available VOR symbols
of available NDB symbols
• VAR - Magnetic variation in degrees
degrees/minutes/seconds), MGRS, or UTM/UPS • Position - Latitude/Longitude (degrees/minutes or
• FREQ - Frequency in kilohertz (kHz)
• FREQ - Frequency in megahertz (MHz)
• Wx Brdcst - Weather information is broadcast on
the selected facility’s frequency • Wx Brdcst - Weather information is broadcast on
the selected facility’s frequency
As mentioned in Section 7.1, VORs may be selected by
identifier, facility name, or location (city). The VOR Page
may also be used to quickly tune the VLOC receiver to the
selected VOR’s frequency.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
To select a VOR frequency from the VOR 3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
Page: frequency field (Figure 7-35) and press the ENT
1) Select the VOR Page from the WPT Page Group, Key to place the frequency in the standby field
as described in Section 7.1. of the VLOC Window.
place the cursor on the VOR identifier field
(Figure 7-34). To select another VOR, use the
small and large right knobs and press the ENT
Key when finished.
Figure 7-35 Frequency Field Highlighted
4) To activate the standby VLOC frequency, press

the VLOC Flip-flop Key (Figure 7-36).
Figure 7-34 VOR Identifier Field Selected
Figure 7-36 Activate the Standby Frequency

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
7.11 User Waypoint Page Creating User Waypoints

In addition to the airport, VOR, NDB, and intersection User waypoints may be created from the User
information contained in the Jeppesen NavData Card, Waypoint Page or the Map Page. To create a new user
the GNS 430 allows the pilot to store up to 1,000 user- waypoint, simply enter its name (identifier) and position,
defined waypoints. The User Waypoint Page (Figure or reference another waypoint by radial and distance.
7-37) displays the waypoint name (up to five characters To create a new user waypoint by entering
long), identifier, radial from two reference waypoints, and its latitude/longitude position:
distance from one reference waypoint, along with the user
waypoint’s latitude/longitude position. 1) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press
the small right knob to activate the cursor.
Latitude/Longitude User Waypoint Reference Waypoint
Position Name Information 2) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
a name for the new waypoint (Figure 7-38)
and press the ENT Key. The present position
appears in the position field at the bottom of
the page (Figure 7-39). To create a waypoint at
the present position, turn the large right knob
Create/Modify to highlight ‘Create?’ and skip to step 6.
Action Field

Figure 7-37 User Waypoint Page
The following descriptions and abbreviations appear
on the User Waypoint Page:
• REF WPT - Reference waypoint identifier (name)
Figure 7-38 User Waypoint Name Field Selected
• RAD - Radial from reference waypoint, in degrees
magnetic or degrees true (depending upon unit
configuration)
• DIS - Distance from reference waypoint, in
nautical miles/statute miles/kilometers (depending
upon unit configuration)
User waypoints may only be selected by name Figure 7-39 Waypoint Name Field Highlighted
(identifier), as described in Section 7.1.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the To create a new user waypoint by
position field at the bottom of the page. referencing an existing waypoint:
4) Use the small and large right knobs to enter 1) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press
the position coordinates for the new waypoint the small right knob to activate the cursor.
(Figure 7-40). 2) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
a name for the new waypoint and press the
ENT Key.
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the first
reference waypoint (REF WPT) field.
the identifier of the reference waypoint. The
reference waypoint can be an airport, VOR,
Figure 7-40 Present Position Field Selected NDB, intersection, or another user waypoint.
Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected identifier.
position. 5) The cursor moves to the radial (RAD) field
6) The cursor moves to ‘Create?’. Press the ENT (Figure 7-41). Use the small and large right
Key to add the new waypoint to memory. knobs to enter the radial from the reference
waypoint to the new user waypoint. Press the
ENT Key to accept the selected radial.
flashing cursor.
Figure 7-41 Radial Field Highlighted
6) The cursor moves to the distance (DIS) field.

Use the small and large right knobs to enter
the distance from the reference waypoint to
the new user waypoint. Press the ENT Key to
accept the selected distance.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
7) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Create?’ Creating User Waypoints from the Map Page
(Figure 7-42) and press the ENT Key.
The Map Page and panning target pointer (Section 3.4,
Map Panning) provide a quick means of saving the present
position as a user-defined waypoint.
To capture and save the present position as
a user waypoint:
1) With the Map Page displayed, press the small
right knob to activate the panning function.
The target pointer appears at the present
Figure 7-42 ‘Create?’ Highlighted position (Figure 7-43).

flashing cursor.
NOTE: The GNS 430 allows the pilot to create

a new user waypoint at a defined radial and
distance from the present position. To reference
the present position, follow the preceding steps,
but press the CLR Key in Step 4. ‘P.POS’ appears
in the reference waypoint (REF WPT) field to Figure 7-43 Activate Panning Function
indicate that radial and distance information
references the present position. The second
reference waypoint field (REF WPT) is a temporary
reference only, not a reference that is stored with
the user waypoint. By default, this field displays
a radial from the nearest VOR. However, the pilot
can select any waypoint by identifier to use as
a reference in this field. The GNS 430 can store
user-defined waypoints which are generated
from other equipment in the panel. For example,
an EFIS equipped with joystick inputs can be used
to create user waypoints which (if the installation
supports this) automatically transfer to the GNS
430.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
2) Press the ENT Key to capture the position Modifying User Waypoints
and display the User Waypoint Page (Figure
To modify an existing waypoint, select that waypoint
7-44).
on the User Waypoint Page and enter the new position
information directly over the old information.
To modify a user waypoint by changing its
latitude/longitude position:
1) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press
the name of the desired waypoint and press
Figure 7-44 User Waypoint Page the ENT Key.
3) A four-digit name is automatically assigned to
position field at the bottom of the page.
the waypoint. To change this name, turn the
large right knob to highlight the name field, 4) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
then use the small and large right knobs to the new position coordinates (Figure 7-45)
select a new name. Press the ENT Key to and press the ENT Key to accept the selected
accept the selected name. position.
4) The cursor moves to the ‘Create?’ action field.
Press the ENT Key to save the new waypoint.
Figure 7-45 Position Field Selected
5) The cursor moves to the ‘Modify?’ action field.

Press the ENT Key to modify the waypoint.
flashing cursor.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
To modify a user waypoint by changing

reference waypoint information:
1) With the User Waypoint Page displayed, press
the name of the desired waypoint and press
the ENT Key.
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the first Figure 7-47 Radial Field Selected
reference waypoint (REF WPT) field, to change 6) The cursor moves to the distance (DIS) field
the reference waypoint. Otherwise, continue (Figure 7-48). Use the small and large
turning the large right knob to highlight right knobs to change the distance from the
the radial (RAD) or distance (DIS) field, as reference waypoint to the new user waypoint,
desired. if desired. Press the ENT Key to accept the
4) Use the small and large right knobs to change selected distance.
the identifier (if desired) of the reference
waypoint (Figure 7-46). The reference waypoint
can be an airport, VOR, NDB, intersection, or
another user waypoint. Press the ENT Key to
accept the selected identifier.
Figure 7-48 Distance Field Selected
7) The cursor moves to the ‘Modify?’ action field.

Press the ENT Key to modify the waypoint.
Figure 7-46 Ref Waypoint Field Selected flashing cursor.
5) The cursor moves to the radial (RAD) field NOTE: If the pilot attempts to modify or delete a
(Figure 7-47). Use the small and large right waypoint which is currently a direct-to waypoint
or the current ‘from’ or ‘to’ waypoint in the active
knobs to change the radial from the reference
flight plan, the GNS 430 alerts the pilot with the
waypoint, if desired. Press the ENT Key to ‘Can’t change an active waypoint’ or ‘Waypoint
accept the selected radial. is active and can’t be deleted’ message. The
pilot must first cancel the direct-to or remove
the waypoint(s) from the active flight plan before
modifying or deleting the waypoint(s).

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
User Waypoint Page Options

The following User Waypoint Page options are available
by pressing the MENU Key:
‘View User Waypoint List?’ displays a list of all user
waypoints currently stored in memory.
To view a list of all user waypoints:
1) From the User Waypoint Page, press the MENU
Figure 7-50 User Waypoint List Page
Key to display the User Waypoint Page Menu.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘View 4) Press the small right knob to return to the
User Waypoint List?’ (Figure 7-49) and press User Waypoint Page.
the ENT Key.
‘Delete User Waypoint?’ allows the pilot to delete the
selected waypoint from memory.
To delete a user waypoint:
1) Select the desired waypoint on the User
Waypoint Page and press the MENU Key to
display the User Waypoint Page Menu.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Delete
User Waypoint?’ (Figure 7-51) and press the
Figure 7-49 User Waypoint Page Menu
ENT Key.
3) The top of the User Waypoint List indicates
the total number of user waypoints currently
used and available memory (Figure 7-50). If
more user waypoints are stored than can be
displayed on a single screen, turn the large
right knob to scroll through the User Waypoint
List.
Figure 7-51 User Waypoint Page Menu
‘Crossfill?’ allows the pilot to transfer a user waypoint

to another 400/500-series unit (if installed). Please refer
to Sections 5.1 and 10.1 for detailed information on
crossfill.

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
User Waypoint List To rename a user waypoint from the User

Waypoint List:
The User Waypoint List (Figure 7-52) allows the
pilot to review, modify, rename, or delete a selected user 1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in
waypoint, or to delete all user waypoints currently stored this section.
in memory. The top of the page shows the number of 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
waypoints used and available memory. desired user waypoint.
To review and/or modify a user waypoint 3) Use the small and large right knobs to change
from the User Waypoint List: the name of the user waypoint (Figure 7-53).
1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in Enter the new name directly over the old name.
this section. Press the ENT Key to accept the new name.
desired user waypoint (Figure 7-52).
Figure 7-53 User Waypoint Name Selected
4) A ‘rename waypoint’ confirmation window

Figure 7-52 User Waypoint List Page
is displayed (Figure 7-54). With ‘Yes?’
highlighted, press the ENT Key to rename the
3) Press the ENT Key to display the User Waypoint
selected user waypoint.
Page for the selected waypoint. From this page
the pilot may review all information defining
the waypoint and its position.
4) To modify the waypoint’s position or reference
waypoint information, follow the steps
described in this section.
5) To exit the User Waypoint Page, turn the large
right knob to highlight ‘Done?’ and press the
ENT Key. Figure 7-54 Rename Waypoint Window

SECTION 7
WPT PAGES
To delete a user waypoint from the User To delete all user waypoints from memory:
Waypoint List: 1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in
1) Select the User Waypoint List, as described in this section.
this section. 2) Press the MENU Key to display a menu for the
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the User Waypoint List (Figure 7-56).
desired user waypoint.
3) Press the CLR Key to display a ‘delete waypoint’
confirmation window (Figure 7-55).
Figure 7-56 User Waypoint List Page Menu
3) With ‘Delete All User Waypoints’ highlighted,

Figure 7-55 Delete Waypoint Window press the ENT Key.
4) A ‘delete all waypoints’ confirmation window
4) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to is displayed (Figure 7-57). With ‘Yes?’
delete the selected user waypoint. highlighted, press the ENT Key to delete all
user waypoints from memory.
Figure 7-57 Delete All Waypoints Window

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
SECTION 8: NRST PAGES To quickly select a NRST page:

1) From any page, press and hold the CLR Key to
select the Default NAV Page (Figure 8-2). This
8.1 NRST Page Group step may be skipped if any of the main pages
Section 3.1 introduced the GNS 430’s main page groups are already displayed.
(Table 8-1)—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described
each page in the NAV group. This fourth page group
(NRST) provides detailed information for the nine nearest
airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, and user waypoints
within 200 nm of the current position. In addition, the
NRST pages (Figure 8-1) include the five nearest Flight
Service Station (FSS) and center (ARTCC/FIR) points of
communication, plus alerts the pilot to any nearby Special
Use (SUA) or Controlled Airspaces. Figure 8-2 Default NAV Page
Page Groups 2) Turn the large right knob to select the NRST
Page Group (Figure 8-3). ‘NRST’ appears in
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group the lower right corner of the screen.
see Section 3 see Section 7 see Section 10 8 NRST pages
Table 8-1 Page Groups
NRST Airport NRST Intersection NRST NDB

NRST VOR NRST User NRST Center NRST page.
NRST Flight Service NRST Airspace
Figure 8-1 NRST Pages

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
Not all nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, 4) Press the small right knob to remove the
or user waypoints can be displayed on the corresponding flashing cursor.
NRST page at one time. The Nearest Airport Page displays
The Nearest ARTCC Page and the Nearest FSS Page
detailed information for three nearest airports, with a scroll
present detailed information for up to five nearby facilities,
bar along the right-hand side of the page indicating which
displaying only one facility at a time. Again, the additional
part of the list is currently being viewed. The Nearest
information is viewed using the flashing cursor and large
Airspace Page displays detailed information for up to
right knob to scroll through the list.
three special use or controlled airspace alerts. The NRST
pages for VORs, NDBs, intersections, and user waypoints To scroll through the list of nearest
displays five waypoints at a time. The flashing cursor and flight service station or center points of
large right knob are used to scroll and view the rest of the communication:
waypoints or airspaces in the list. 1) Select the desired NRST page, using the steps
To scroll through the list of nearest outlined on the preceding page.
airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, user 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
waypoints, or SUAs: cursor.
1) Select the desired NRST page, using the steps 3) Turn the small right knob to scroll through the
outlined on the preceding page. list (Figure 8-5).
cursor.
3) Turn the large right knob to scroll through the
list. The scroll bar along the right-hand side
of the page indicates which part of the list is
currently being viewed (Figure 8-4).
Figure 8-5 Nearest FSS Page
Scroll 4) Press the small right knob to remove the

Bar flashing cursor.

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
Navigating to a Nearby Waypoint 2) Press the Direct-to Key to display the select
Direct-to Waypoint Page (Figure 8-7).
The NRST pages can be used in conjunction with the
GNS 430’s direct-to function to quickly set a course to a
nearby facility and can provide navigation to the nearest
airport in case of an in-flight emergency.
To select a nearby airport, VOR, NDB,
intersection, or user waypoint as a direct-
to destination:
1) Use the flashing cursor to scroll through a NRST
page list (Figure 8-6) and highlight the desired Figure 8-7 Direct-to Waypoint Page
nearest waypoint, as outlined in Section 8.1.
waypoint’s identifier and press the ENT Key
a second time (Figure 8-8) with ‘Activate?’
highlighted to begin navigating to the selected
waypoint.
Figure 8-6 Nearest VOR Page

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
8.2 Nearest Airport Page The Nearest Airport Page may be used to quickly tune
the COM transceiver to a nearby airport. The selected
The Nearest Airport Page displays the identifier, symbol, frequency is placed in the standby field of the COM
bearing, and distance to the nine nearest airports (within Window and activated using the COM Flip-flop Key.
200 nm of the present position). For each airport listed,
the Nearest Airport Page also indicates the best available To quickly tune the common traffic advisory
approach, common traffic advisory frequency (CTAF), frequency (CTAF) from the Nearest Airport
and the length of the longest runway (Figure 8-9). Page:
1) Select the Nearest Airport Page, using the steps
Tower or CTAF Airport Identifier Best Available Scroll
Frequency and Symbol, Bearing To, Approach Bar outlined in Section 8.1.
Longest Runway and Distance To
cursor.
list, highlighting the COM frequency associated
with the desired airport (Figure 8-10).
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group

Current Page Group
The Nearest Airport Page can be configured to exclude
shorter runways or undesirable runway surface types,
so that the corresponding airports do not appear on the Figure 8-10 COM Frequency Highlighted
list. The pilot may wish to use this feature to exclude
seaplane bases or runway lengths which would be difficult 4) Press the ENT Key to place the selected
or impossible to land upon. See Section 10.5, Setup Page frequency in the standby field of the COM
2: Nearest Airport Criteria for additional details. Window (Figure 8-11).

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
5) Press the COM Flip-flop Key to activate the 4) Press the ENT Key to display the Airport
selected frequency (Figure 8-12). Location Page for the selected airport (Figure
8-14).
Figure 8-12 Frequency Moved to Active Field

flashing cursor. 5) To view additional WPT pages for the selected
airport (including the Airport Runway Page and
Additional communication frequencies, runway infor-
the Airport Frequency Page) press the small
mation, and more is available from the Nearest Airport
right knob to remove the flashing cursor. Turn
Page by highlighting the identifier of the desired airport
the small right knob to display the additional
and pressing the ENT Key.
WPT pages (Figure 8-15). When finished, press
To view additional information for a nearby the small right knob to return the flashing
airport: cursor to the screen.
1) Select the Nearest Airport Page, using the steps
outlined in Section 8.1.
cursor.
list, highlighting the identifier of the desired
airport (Figure 8-13).
Figure 8-15 Additional WPT Page
6) To return to the Nearest Airport Page, verify

that ‘Done?’ is highlighted by the flashing
cursor and press the ENT Key (or press the
CLR Key).
Figure 8-13 Desired Airport Highlighted

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
8.3 Nearest Intersection Page 8.4 Nearest NDB Page

The Nearest Intersection Page (Figure 8-16) displays The Nearest NDB Page (Figure 8-17) displays the
the identifier, symbol, bearing, and distance to the nine identifier, symbol, bearing, distance, and frequency to
nearest intersections (within 200 nm of the present the nine nearest NDBs (within 200 nm of the present
position). position).
To view additional information for a nearby intersection, To view additional information for a nearby NDB, start
start from the Nearest Intersection Page and follow the from the nearest NDB Page and follow the preceding steps
preceding steps 2 through 4. 2 through 4.
Intersection Identifier Bearing To and Intersection Identifier Bearing To and NDB
and Symbol Distance To and Symbol Distance To Frequency
Position of Position of
Current Page Current Page
within Current within Current
Page Group Page Group
Current Page Group Number of Pages in Current Page Group Number of Pages in
Current Page Group Current Page Group
Figure 8-16 Nearest Intersection Page Figure 8-17 Nearest NDB Page

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
8.5 Nearest VOR Page To quickly tune a VOR’s frequency from the
nearest VOR Page:
The Nearest VOR Page (Figure 8-18) displays the
identifier, symbol, bearing, and distance to the nine 1) Select the nearest VOR Page, using the steps
nearest VORs (within 200 nm of the present position). outlined in Section 8.1.
For each VOR listed, the nearest VOR Page also indicates 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
the frequency and may be used to quickly tune the VLOC cursor.
receiver to the nearby VOR. The selected frequency is 3) Turn the large right knob to scroll through the
placed in the standby field of the VLOC Window and list, highlighting the frequency associated with
activated using the VLOC Flip-flop Key. the desired VOR (Figure 8-18).
VOR Identifier Bearing To and VOR Scroll 4) Press the ENT Key to place the selected
and Symbol Distance To Frequency Bar frequency in the standby field of the VLOC
Window (Figure 8-19).
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group

Current Page Group
Figure 8-19 Move Frequency to Standby Field
5) Press the VLOC Flip-flop Key to activate the

selected frequency.
flashing cursor.

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
To view additional information for a nearby 8.6 Nearest User Waypoint Page
VOR:
The Nearest User Waypoint Page (Figure 8-21) displays
1) Select the nearest VOR Page, using the steps the name, bearing and distance to the nine nearest user
outlined in Section 8.1. waypoints (within 200 nm of the present position).
Waypoint Identifier Bearing To and
cursor. and Symbol Distance To
list, highlighting the identifier of the desired
VOR (Figure 8-20).
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group

Current Page Group
Figure 8-21 Nearest User Waypoint Page
4) Press the ENT Key to display the VOR Page for

the selected VOR.
5) To return to the nearest VOR Page, verify that
‘Done?’ is highlighted by the flashing cursor
and press the ENT Key (or press the CLR
Key).
flashing cursor.

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
8.7 Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
cursor.
The Nearest Center Page (Figure 8-22) displays the
facility name, bearing to, and distance to the five nearest 3) Turn the large right knob to scroll through
ARTCC points of communication (within 200 nm of the the list, selecting the desired ARTCC (Figure
present position). For each ARTCC listed, the Nearest 8-22).
Center Page also indicates the frequency(ies) and may be 4) Turn the large right knob to scroll down
used to quickly tune the COM transceiver to the center’s the page, highlighting the desired frequency
frequency. The selected frequency is placed in the standby (Figure 8-23).
field of the COM Window and activated using the COM
Flip-flop Key.
Frequency(ies) ARTCC Name Bearing To and
Distance To

Position of
Current Page
within Current 5) Press the ENT Key to place the selected
Page Group
frequency in the standby field of the COM
Current Page Group Number of Pages in Window (Figure 8-24).
Current Page Group
Figure 8-22 Nearest ARTCC Page
To quickly tune an ARTCC’s frequency from

the Nearest Center Page:
1) Select the Nearest Center Page, using the steps
outlined in Section 8.1.
6) Press the COM Flip-flop Key to activate the

selected frequency.
flashing cursor.

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
8.8 Nearest Flight Service Station To quickly tune an FSS’s frequency from the
(FSS) Page Nearest Flight Service Station Page:
1) Select the Nearest Flight Service Station Page,
The Nearest Flight Service Station Page (Figure 8-25) using the steps outlined in Section 8.1 (Figure
displays the facility name, bearing to, and distance to the 8-25).
five nearest FSS points of communication (within 200 nm
of the present position). For each FSS listed, the Nearest 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
Flight Service Station Page also indicates the frequency(ies) cursor.
and may be used to quickly tune the COM transceiver to 3) Turn the small right knob to scroll through the
the FSS’s frequency. The selected frequency is placed in list, selecting the desired FSS (Figure 8-26).
the standby field of the COM Window and activated using
the COM Flip-flop Key.
For duplex operations, ‘RX’ and ‘TX’ indications
appears beside the listed frequencies, indicating ‘receive
only’ or ‘transmit only’ frequencies. The associated VOR
is also provided for reference.
VOR Identifier (For FSS Name Bearing To and
Duplex Operation) Distance To
Frequency(ies) Figure 8-26 FSS Field Selected
4) Turn the large right knob to scroll down

the page (Figure 8-27), highlighting the
desired frequency (COM frequency[ies] or VOR
Position of frequency for duplex operation).
Current Page
within Current
Page Group

Current Page Group
Figure 8-25 Nearest FSS Page

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
5) Press the ENT Key to place the selected 8.9 Nearest Airspace Page
frequency in the standby field of the COM or
VLOC Window (figure 8-28). The last page in the NRST group, the Nearest Airspace
Page alerts the pilot to as many as nine controlled or
special use airspaces near or in the flight path. Alerts are
provided according to the following conditions:
• If the aircraft’s projected course will take it inside
an airspace within the next ten minutes, the alert
message ‘Airspace ahead -- less than 10 minutes’
appears (Figure 8-29). The Nearest Airspace Page
shows the airspace as ‘Ahead’.
6) Press the COM Flip-flop or VLOC Flip-flop

Key, as appropriate, to activate the selected
frequency.
flashing cursor.
Figure 8-29 Airspace Messages
• If the aircraft is within two nautical miles of

an airspace and the current course will take it
inside the airspace, the message ‘Airspace near
and ahead’ appears (Figure 8-29). The Nearest
Airspace Page shows ‘Within 2nm of airspace’.
• If aircraft is within two nautical miles of an
airspace and the current course will not take it
inside the airspace, the message ‘Near airspace less
than 2nm’ appears. The Nearest Airspace Page
shows the airspace as ‘Ahead < 2nm’.

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
• If the aircraft has entered an airspace, the message Airspace Message Status and
Name Annunciator Time to Entry
‘Inside Airspace’ appears (Figure 8-30). The
Nearest Airspace Page shows ‘Inside of airspace’.
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group

Current Page Group
Figure 8-30 Airspace Messages Figure 8-31 Nearest Airspace Page
Note that the airspace alerts are based on three- To view additional details for an airspace
dimensional data (latitude, longitude, and altitude) to listed on the Nearest Airspace Page:
avoid nuisance alerts. The alert boundaries for controlled
1) Select the Nearest Airspace Page, using the
airspace are also sectorized to provide complete
steps outlined in Section 8.1 (Figure 8-32).
information on any nearby airspace. Once one of the
described conditions exists, the message annunciator
flashes, alerting the pilot of an airspace message.
To view an airspace alert message:
1) When the message annunciator above the
MSG Key flashes, press the MSG Key.
2) Press the MSG Key again to return to the
previous page.
Figure 8-32 Nearest Airspace Page
Once an airspace alert message appears, detailed
information concerning the specific airspace is provided 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
on the Nearest Airspace Page (Figure 8-31). The Nearest cursor.
Airspace Page displays the airspace name, status (‘Ahead’,
‘Ahead < 2nm’, etc., as described on the preceding
page), and a time to entry (if applicable). By selecting
any airspace name listed on the Nearest Airspace Page,
additional details are provided—including controlling
agency, communication frequencies, and floor/ceiling
limits.

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
3) Turn the large right knob to scroll through the To view and quickly tune the frequency for
list, highlighting the desired airspace (Figure a controlling agency:
8-33). 1) Follow steps 1 through 4 on the preceding page
to display the Airspace Page (Figure 8-34) for
the desired controlled or special use airspace.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight
‘Frequencies?’ and press the ENT Key.
list, highlighting the desired frequency (Figure
8-35).
Figure 8-33 Airspace Highlighted
4) Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace

Page for the selected nearby airspace (Figure
8-34).
Status and Airspace Name Floor/Ceiling ‘Done?’ Field
Time to Entry and Type Limits (Return to
Previous Page)
Figure 8-35 Frequency Highlighted
4) Press the ENT Key to place the selected

frequency in the standby field of the COM
Window.
5) Press the COM Flip-flop Key to activate the
selected frequency (Figure 8-36).
Figure 8-34 Airspace Page
5) To return to the Nearest Airspace Page, verify

that ‘Done?’ is highlighted by the flashing
cursor and press the ENT Key.
flashing cursor.
Figure 8-36 Frequency Moved to Active Field

SECTION 8
NRST PAGES
6) To return to the Airspace Page, turn the large All airspace alert messages, except for prohibited areas,
right knob to highlight ‘Done?’ and press the may be turned on or off from the Airspace Alarms Page.
ENT Key (or press the CLR Key). An altitude buffer is also provided on the Airspace Alarms
7) To return to the Nearest Airspace Page, turn Page to provide an extra margin of safety above/below the
the large right knob to highlight ‘Done?’ and published limits (Section 10.4, Setup 1 Page: Airspace
press the ENT Key (or press the CLR Key). Alarms for additional details).
flashing cursor.
The Airspace Page displays (and airspace alert messages
are provided for) the following airspace types (Figures
8-37, 8-38, and 8-39):
• Alert • Caution
• Class B • Class C Figure 8-37 Airspace Page for Class C Airspace
• Class D • CTA
• Danger • MOA
• Prohibited • Restricted
• TMA • Training
• TRSA • Unspecified
• Warning
The bottom right-hand corner of the Airspace Page
displays the floor and ceiling limits of the airspace. Figure 8-38 Airspace Page for MOA
The following are examples of what may appear as
vertical limits for an airspace:
• 5000 ft msl (5000 feet mean sea level)
• 5000 ft agl (5000 feet above ground level)
• MSL (at mean sea level)
• NOTAM (Notice to Airmen)
• Unknown • Unlimited
Figure 8-39 Airspace Page for Prohibited Area
• See Chart • Surface

SECTION 9
VLOC RECEIVER
SECTION 9: VLOC RECEIVER The tuning cursor remains in the COM Window. To
select a VOR/Localizer/ILS frequency, press the small
left knob momentarily to place the cursor in the VLOC
9.1 VLOC (VOR/LOCALIZER/GLIDESLOPE) Window.
Receiver Operations
NOTE: The tuning cursor normally appears in the
The GNS 430 includes digitally-tuned VOR/localizer COM Window, unless placed in the VLOC Window
and glideslope receivers with the desired frequency by pressing the small left knob. When the tuning
selected in the VLOC Window, along the left-hand side of cursor is in the VLOC Window, it automatically
the display (Figure 9-1). Frequency selection is performed returns to the COM Window after 30 seconds of
inactivity. The active frequency in either window
by pressing the small left knob and turning the small and
cannot be accessed directly–—only the standby
large left knobs to select the desired frequency. frequency is highlighted by the tuning cursor.
To select a VOR/localizer/ILS frequency:

1) If the tuning cursor is not currently in the VLOC
Figure 9-1 VLOC Window Window, press the small left knob momentarily
(Figure 9-2).
Ident Audio and Volume Tuning Cursor in
VLOC Window
VLOC ident is enabled by pressing the VLOC Volume
Knob. When VLOC ident is enabled, an ‘ID’ indication
appears in the upper right corner of the VLOC Window,
to the immediate right of ‘VLOC’ (Figure 9-1).
VLOC audio volume is adjusted using the VLOC
Volume Knob. Turn the VLOC Volume Knob clockwise
to increase volume, or counterclockwise to decrease
volume.
VLOC Window and Tuning Figure 9-2 Tuning Cursor in VLOC Window
VLOC frequencies are tuned with the large and small
left knobs when the tuning cursor is in the standby VLOC
frequency field. The standby frequency always appears
below the active frequency. The active frequency is the
frequency currently in use.

SECTION 9
VLOC RECEIVER
2) Turn the large left knob to select the desired Auto-Tuning

megahertz (MHz) value. For example, the
A frequency may also be quickly selected from the
‘117’ portion of the frequency ‘117.60’ (Figure
database by simply highlighting the desired frequency on
9-3).
the VOR Page (Section 7.10) or the Nearest VOR Page
(Section 8.5) and pressing the ENT Key. This process is
referred to as auto-tuning. Once a frequency is selected
in the standby field, it may be transferred to the active
frequency by pressing the VLOC Flip-flop Key. (Auto-
tuning can also be performed from VLOC frequencies
listed on the NAV/COM Page, the Airport Frequency Page,
and the Nearest Flight Service Station Page.)
Figure 9-3 Select VOR Megahertz Frequency To select a VLOC frequency from the VOR
Page or Nearest VOR Page:
3) Turn the small left knob to select the desired 1) Select the desired page from the main pages
kilohertz (kHz) value. For example, the ‘.80’ (as discussed in the preceding paragraph).
portion of the frequency ‘117.80’ (Figure 2) Press the small right knob momentarily to
9-4). activate the flashing cursor
frequency for the desired VOR (Figure 9-5).
Figure 9-4 Select VOR Kilohertz Frequency
4) To make the standby frequency the active

Figure 9-5 Highlight Frequency
frequency, press the VLOC Flip-flop Key.

SECTION 9
VLOC RECEIVER
4) Press the ENT Key to place the frequency in To select an approach and automatically
the standby field of the VLOC Window (Figure tune the proper VLOC frequency:
9-6). 1) Select the destination airport using the Direct-
to Key or as the last waypoint in the active
flight plan.
Page.
3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Select
Approach?’ and press the ENT Key (Figure
9-7).
Figure 9-6 Frequency in Standby Field
5) Press the VLOC Flip-flop Key to activate the

selected frequency.
flashing cursor.
NOTE: For duplex COM operations, the VLOC

receiver may be auto-tuned from the Nearest Figure 9-7 Procedures Page
Flight Service Station Page. See Section 8.8 for
more info. 4) A window appears listing the available
procedures. Turn the small right knob to
When selecting a VOR or ILS approach, manual highlight the desired procedure and press the
tuning of the VLOC receiver is not required. Once the ENT Key. (When a direct-to destination is
approach procedure is ‘Loaded’ or ‘Activated’, the GNS selected, departures are offered for the nearest
430 automatically places the proper frequency in the airport.)
standby field of the VLOC Window. To use this frequency,
5) A second window appears listing available
press the VLOC Flip-flop Key to activate the frequency.
transitions. Turn the small right knob to
Additional information on approach procedures is
highlight the desired transition waypoint and
provided in Section 6.1.
press the ENT Key. (The approach ‘Vectors’
option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to
the final course segment of the approach and
will provide navigation guidance to intercept
this final course.)

SECTION 9
VLOC RECEIVER
6) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load?’ CDI Key

or ‘Activate?’ (Figure 9-8) and press the ENT
The GNS 430’s CDI Key is used to couple the GPS
Key. (‘Load?’ adds the procedure to the
or VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI). When
flight plan without immediately using it for
the external CDI (or HSI) is being driven by the GPS
navigation guidance. This allows the pilot to
receiver, ‘GPS’ appears at the bottom left corner of the
continue navigating the original flight plan, but
page, directly above the CDI Key. When the external CDI
keeps the procedure available on the Active
(or HSI) if being driven by the VLOC receiver, ‘VLOC’
Flight Plan Page for quick activation when
appears instead.
needed.)
To couple the external CDI (or HSI) to the GPS receiver
or VLOC receiver, press the CDI Key to display ‘GPS’ or
‘VLOC’, as desired (Figures 9-9 and 9-10).
Figure 9-8 Highlight ‘Load?’
7) For VOR and ILS approaches, the standby field ‘GPS’ Annunciator
of the VLOC Window is automatically tuned to
Figure 9-9 GPS Coupled to External CDI
the proper frequency. To activate the frequency
press the VLOC Flip-flop Key. To display VLOC
course information on the external CDI (or
HSI) press the CDI Key and verify that ‘VLOC’
is displayed at the bottom left corner of the
screen, directly above the CLR Key.
8) For precision approaches and some non-
precision approaches, a reminder window
appears indicating that GPS guidance on such
approaches is strictly for monitoring only—use ‘VLOC’ Annunciator
the VLOC receivers and external CDI (or HSI) for Figure 9-10 VLOC Coupled to External CDI
primary navigation. To confirm this reminder,
highlight ‘Yes?’ and press the ENT Key. NOTE: The external CDI (or HSI) must be coupled
to the VLOC receiver for approaches which are
not approved for GPS. See ILS example in Section
6.3.

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
SECTION 10: AUX PAGES To quickly select an AUX page:

1) From any page, press and hold the CLR
Key to select the Default NAV Page (Figure
10.1 AUX Page Group 10-2). If any of the main pages are already
Section 3.1 introduced the GNS 430’s main page groups being displayed, this step may be skipped.
(Table 10-1)—NAV, WPT, AUX, NRST—and described
each page in the NAV group. The third page group (AUX)
allows the pilot to change unit settings. The AUX pages
(Figure 10-1) also provide E6B functions, such as trip
planning, fuel planning, density altitude, true airspeed,
and winds aloft calculations.
Page Groups
NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group
see Section 3 see Section 7 4 AUX pages see Section 8 2) Turn the large right knob to select the AUX
Page Group (Figure 10-3). ‘AUX’ appears in
Table 10-1 Page Groups the lower right corner of the screen.
Flight Planning Utility Setup 1
Setup 2
Figure 10-3 Flight Planning Page
Figure 10-1 AUX Pages
NOTE: The AUX Page Group may have five AUX AUX page.
pages available when the GNS 430 installation
includes connection to a weather information
source. See Section 10 of this manual for more
information.

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
10.2 Flight Planning Page 2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired
menu option (Figure 10-5), and press the ENT
The Flight Planning Page (Figure 10-4) provides access Key (Figure 10-6).
(via menu options) to E6B functions for fuel planning,
trip planning, density altitude/true airspeed/winds aloft
calculations and a ‘Crossfill’ function to transfer flight
plans/user waypoints to a second GNS 430. When a
menu option is selected, the corresponding page appears
providing additional information and features.
Menu Options (to Select,
Highlight with Cursor and
Press the ENT Key)
Figure 10-5 Density Alt/TAS/Winds Highlighted
Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Current Page Group
Figure 10-6 Density Alt/TAS/Winds Page
To select a menu option from the Flight

Planning Page:
1) Press the small right knob momentarily, to
activate the flashing cursor (Figure 10-4).

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
The following menu options are available: • Density Alt/TAS/Winds - Indicates the
• Fuel Planning - When equipped with fuel flow theoretical altitude at which the aircraft can
(FF) and/or fuel on board (FOB) sensors, this perform depending upon several environmental
option displays current fuel conditions along conditions, including indicated altitude (IND
the active direct-to or flight plan. The pilot may ALT), barometric pressure (BARO), and total air
also manually enter fuel flow, ground speed (GS) temperature (TAT; the temperature, including the
and (in some instances) fuel on board figures for heating effect of speed, read on a standard outside
planning purposes. Fuel planning figures can be temperature gauge). This menu option computes
displayed not only for the currently active flight true airspeed (TAS), based upon the factors
plan or direct-to, but also point-to-point between above and the calibrated airspeed (CAS). Also,
two specified waypoints and for any programmed this menu option determines winds aloft (the
flight plan. wind direction and speed) and a head wind/tail
wind component, based upon the calculated
• Trip Planning - Allows the pilot to view desired density altitude (DEN ALT), true airspeed, aircraft
track (DTK), distance (DIS), estimated time heading (HDG), and ground speed.
enroute (ETE), enroute safe altitude (ESA), and
estimated time of arrival (ETA) information for a • Crossfill - Allows the pilot to transfer the active
direct-to, point-to-point between two specified flight plan, any stored flight plan, a user waypoint,
waypoints, or for any programmed flight plan. or all user waypoints between two 400/500-series
Garmin units in a dual-unit installation. See
NOTE: Point-to-point waypoints, flight plans, Section 5.1, Flight Plan Catalog Options and
and/or ground speed (default is current GPS- information following in this section for details.
calculated ground speed) entered on the Fuel
• Scheduler - Displays reminder messages (such as
Planning Page automatically transfers to the Trip
Planning Page, and vice versa.
‘Change oil’, ‘Switch fuel tanks’, ‘Overhaul’, etc.).
One-time, periodic, and event-based messages
are allowed. One-time messages appear once
the timer expires and reappear each time the
GNS 430 is powered on, until the message is
deleted. Periodic messages automatically reset
to the original timer value, once the message is
displayed. Event-based messages do not use a
timer, but rather a specific date and time.

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Flight Planning Page: Fuel Planning 3) For point-to-point fuel planning (Figure 10-9),
turn the small and large right knobs to enter
To perform fuel planning operations: the identifier of the ‘from’ waypoint. Once
1) Select ‘Fuel Planning’ from the Flight Planning the waypoint’s identifier is entered, press the
Page, using the steps described in Section ENT Key to accept the waypoint. The flashing
10.2. cursor moves to the ‘to’ waypoint. Again, turn
2) The current fuel planning ‘mode’ is displayed the small and large right knobs to enter the
at the top of the page (Figure 10-7): ‘POINT TO identifier of the ‘to’ waypoint and press the
POINT’ or ‘FPL’ (for a flight plan). To change ENT Key to accept the waypoint. OR,
the mode, press the MENU Key to display the
Fuel Planning Page Menu (Figure 10-8) for the
other mode, then press the ENT Key to accept
the other mode.
Figure 10-9 Fuel Planning Page, Point-to-Point
4) For flight plan fuel planning (Figure 10-10), turn

the small right knob to select the desired flight
Figure 10-7 Fuel Planning Page
plan by number (already stored in memory;
00 is the active flight plan). Turn the large
right knob to highlight the ‘LEG’ field and
turn the small right knob to select the desired
leg of the flight plan, or select ‘Cum’ to apply
fuel planning calculations to the entire flight
plan.
Figure 10-8 Fuel Planning Page Menu
Figure 10-10 Fuel Planning Page Flight Plan

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5) If the fuel management system does not enter • REQ - Quantity of fuel required
the data automatically, turn the large right • LFOB - Left-over fuel on board
knob to highlight the fuel on board (FOB) field
(Figure 10-11). • LRES - Left-over fuel reserve time
• EFF - Efficiency, expressed in distance per fuel
units (e.g., nautical miles per gallon)
• RNG - Range (distance)
• ENDUR - Flight endurance, or total available
flight time
Figure 10-11 FOB Highlighted

the amount of fuel on board. Press the ENT
Key when finished.
7) The flashing cursor moves to the fuel flow (FF)
Figure 10-12 REQ Highlighted
enter the fuel flow rate. Press the ENT Key 10) To re-configure the data fields press the MENU
when finished. Note that if a fuel system is Key to display the options window (Figure
providing current fuel flow, the fuel flow field 10-13). Turn the small right knob to highlight
defaults to this value. the ‘change fields?’ option. Press the ENT Key
8) The flashing cursor moves to the ground speed to re-configure the data fields. Turn the large
(GS) field. Use the small and large right knobs right knob to select the desired field. Turn
to enter the ground speed. Press the ENT Key the small right knob to highlight the desired
when finished. data. Press the ENT Key to select the data
9) With all variables entered, the following configuration.
information is provided (Figure 10-12):

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Fuel planning figures can be entered and displayed 3) For point-to-point trip planning, turn the small
based upon one of three possible configurations: and large right knobs to enter the identifier
• No fuel sensors connected - In this instance fuel of the ‘from’ waypoint. Once the waypoint’s
flow is manually entered and is used to calculate identifier is entered, press the ENT Key to
fuel on board. When fuel flow or fuel on board is accept the waypoint. The flashing cursor moves
manually entered, the figures are retained the next to the ‘to’ waypoint (Figure 10-14). Again, turn
time the page is displayed (with fuel on board the small and large right knobs to enter the
continuously recalculated). identifier of the ‘to’ waypoint and press the
ENT Key to accept the waypoint. OR,
• Fuel flow sensor installed, but no fuel on board
sensor - Fuel on board is manually entered. Fuel
flow is automatically provided by sensor. If fuel
flow is manually entered (to override the sensor),
it does not affect the FOB figure and is not
retained the next time the page is displayed.
• Fuel flow and fuel on board sensors installed -
Fuel flow and fuel on board are automatically
provided by sensors. Fuel on board can NOT Figure 10-14 Trip Planning Page, Point-to-Point
be entered manually. Fuel flow can be entered
manually, but does not affect the FOB figure and 4) For ‘flight plan leg’ trip planning, turn the small
is not retained the next time the page is displayed. right knob to select the desired flight plan
Flight Planning Page: Trip Planning (already stored in memory), by number. Turn
the large right knob to highlight the ‘LEG’ field
To perform trip planning operations: (Figure 10-15) and turn the small right knob
1) Select ‘Trip Planning’ from the Flight Planning to select the desired leg of the flight plan, or
Page, using the steps described in this select ‘Cum’ to apply trip planning calculations
section. to the entire flight plan.
2) The current trip planning ‘leg mode’ is displayed
at the top of the page: ‘POINT TO POINT’ or
‘FPL LEG’ (for a flight plan leg). To change the
leg mode, press the MENU Key to display the
Flight Planning Page Menu for the other leg
mode, then press the ENT Key to accept the
other leg mode.
Figure 10-15 Trip Planning Page, Flight Plan Leg

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5) Turn the large right knob to highlight the Flight Planning Page: Density Alt/TAS/Winds
departure time (DEP TIME) field.
To calculate density altitude, true airspeed,
winds aloft:
the departure time. Press the ENT Key when
finished. (Departure time may be entered 1) Select ‘Density Alt/TAS/Winds’ from the Flight
in local or UTC time, depending upon unit Planning Page (Figure 10-17), using the steps
settings, see Section 10.4, Setup 1 Page: Date/ described at the beginning of this section.
Time.)
7) The flashing cursor moves to the ground speed
(GS) field. Use the small and large right knobs
to enter the ground speed. Press the ENT Key
when finished.
8) With all variables entered, the following
information is provided (Figure 10-16):
Figure 10-17 Density Alt/TAS/Winds Highlighted
2) The flashing cursor highlights the indicated

altitude (IND ALT) field. Use the small and large
right knobs to enter the altitude indicated
on the altimeter. Press the ENT Key when
finished.
3) The flashing cursor moves to the calibrated
Figure 10-16 Trip Planning Page
airspeed (CAS) field (Figure 10-18). Use the
small and large right knobs to enter the
• DTK - Desired track or desired course
airspeed from the airspeed indicator. Press the
• DIS - Distance ENT Key when finished.
• ETE - Estimated time enroute
• ESA - Enroute safe altitude
• ETA - Estimated time of arrival
Figure 10-18 Calibrated Airspeed Field Selected

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4) The flashing cursor moves to the barometric Flight Planning Page: Crossfill
pressure (BARO) field. Use the small and large
Select ‘Crossfill?’ from the Flight Planning Page (Figure
right knobs to enter the barometric pressure
10-20), the Default NAV Page (Figure 10-21), or Active
(altimeter setting). Press the ENT Key when
Flight Plan Page (Figure 10-22), by pressing the MENU
finished.
Key, and then scrolling down to ‘Crossfill?’ and pressing
5) The flashing cursor moves to the total air the ENT key.
temperature (TAT) field. Use the small and
large right knobs to enter the temperature.
Press the ENT Key when finished.
6) The flashing cursor moves to the aircraft
heading (HDG) field. Use the small and large
right knobs to enter the aircraft heading
(Figure 10-19) from the directional gyro or
compass. Press the ENT Key when finished.
Figure 10-19 Heading Field Highlighted
7) With all variables entered, the following Figure 10-21 Default NAV Page Menu
information is provided:
• DEN ALT - Density altitude
• TAS - True airspeed
• WIND - Wind direction and speed
• HEAD/TAIL WIND - Magnitude of head wind or
tail wind component
NOTE: If the installation includes components

(such as an airdata sensor) to provide any of the Figure 10-22 Flight Plan Page Menu
variables above, the Density Alt/TAS/Winds Page
data defaults to the values provided by these
components.

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• Automatic Operation - If both units are set to

automatic, a change in the active flight plan of
one unit is also be seen in the other. Initiating a
direct-to to a waypoint on one unit also initiates a
direct-to to the same waypoint on the other unit.
If one unit is set for automatic crossfill and the
other is set for manual crossfill, then only the
auto unit automatically sends data to the manual Figure 10-23 Crossfill Method Window
unit. In this configuration, the auto unit could be
thought of as the master unit. NOTE: Crossfill requires both 400 and/or 500
• Manual Operation - If manual operation is Series units to have the same Jeppesen NavData
desired, the pilot must invoke all transfers database cycle number.
from that unit. When a unit is configured for
automatic transfer, a manual transfer can also 3) The flashing cursor highlights the transfer data
be done on command. If either of the messages option (TRANSFER) field (Figure 10-24). Turn
‘data transfer error’ or ‘data transfer cancelled’ are the small right knob to display a window of
received during an automatic or manual transfer, available data options (Figure 10-25).
the pilot must force another transfer.
To transfer flight plans or user waypoints
to/from a second 400/500-series unit:
1) Select ‘Crossfill’ from the Flight Planning Page,
using the steps described at the beginning of
this section.
2) The flashing cursor highlights the method field.
Turn the small right knob to select ‘Auto’ or Figure 10-24 Transfer Field Highlighted
‘Manual’ (Figure 10-23). ‘Auto’ automatically
transfers any selection of (or any change to) a
direct-to destination or active flight plan to a
second 400/500 series Garmin unit.
Figure 10-25 Transfer Window

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• Active Flight Plan - Transfer the active flight plan 8) The flashing cursor moves to the ‘Initiate
to/from a second 400/500-series Garmin unit in Transfer?’ confirmation field (Figure
a dual unit installation. This option is the default 10-26). Press the ENT Key to transfer the
when selecting ‘Crossfill’ from the Active Flight selected data.
Plan Page.
• Flight Plan - Transfer any stored flight plan
to/from a second 400/500-series unit, by selecting
the flight plan by number. This option is the
default when selecting ‘Crossfill’ from the Flight
Plan Catalog Page. See also Section 5.1, Flight
Plan Catalog Page Options.
• User Waypoints (all) - Transfer all stored user
Figure 10-26 ‘Initiate Transfer’ Highlighted
waypoints to/from a second 400/500-series unit.
• User Waypoint - Transfer the specified user Flight Planning Page: Scheduler
waypoint to a second 400/500-series unit.
4) Continue turning the small right knob to select To enter a scheduled message:
the desired data option. Press the ENT Key 1) Select ‘Scheduler’ from the Flight Planning Page,
when finished. using the steps described in this section.
5) For a stored flight plan (‘Flight Plan’ data 2) The flashing cursor highlights the first message
option), the flight plan number field is field. If necessary, turn the large right knob
highlighted. Turn the small right knob to to highlight the first blank message field.
select the desired flight plan and press the 3) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
ENT Key. the message text. Press the ENT Key when
6) For a specified user waypoint (‘User Waypoint’ finished. (The GNS 430 stores up to nine
data option), the waypoint identifier field is scheduled messages holding 20 characters
highlighted. Use the small and large right each.)
knobs to enter the identifier of the desired user
waypoint. Press the ENT Key when finished.
7) The flashing cursor moves to the ‘CROSS-SIDE’
field. Turn the small right knob to select ‘To’
or ‘From’ and press the ENT Key.

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4) The flashing cursor moves to the type field To edit a scheduled message:
under the new message (Figure 10-27). Turn 1) Select ‘Scheduler’ from the Flight Planning Page,
the small right knob to display a window of using the steps described at the beginning of
available options, (Figure 10-28): Event, One this section.
Time, Periodic. Press the ENT Key to select.
2) The flashing cursor highlights the first message
field.
3) To edit the message text, turn the large right
knob to highlight the desired message field.
Use the small and large right knobs to edit the
message text—entering the new text directly
over the old message. Press the ENT Key when
finished.
Figure 10-27 Type Field Highlighted 4) To edit the time field, turn the large right
knob to highlight the field. Use the small and
large right knobs to edit the new date or
time—entering the new value directly over the
old figure. Press the ENT Key when finished.
To delete a scheduled message:
1) Select ‘Scheduler’ from the Flight Planning Page,
using the steps described in this section.
2) The flashing cursor highlights the first message
Figure 10-28 Type Window field. Turn the large right knob to highlight
the desired message field.
5) The flashing cursor moves to the time/date 3) Press the CLR Key to delete the message
field. Use the small and large right knobs text, followed by the ENT Key to confirm the
to set the time or date required before the deletion.
message is displayed. Time is entered as
hours/minutes/seconds (hhh:mm:ss). Event-
based messages expire at a specific date and
time. Press the ENT Key when finished.

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10.3 Utility Page 2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired
menu option (Figure 10-30), and press the ENT
The Utility Page (Figure 10-29) provides access (via Key (Figure 10-31).
‘menu options’) to checklists, a count down/up timer,
trip timers, trip statistics, RAIM (Receiver Autonomous
Integrity Monitoring) prediction, sunrise/sunset time
calculations, software versions, database versions, and
terrain database version information. When a menu
option is selected, the corresponding page appears
providing additional information and features.
NOTE: Scroll down to view the last 3 items

(Software Versions, Database Versions, and Figure 10-30 Sunrise/Sunset Highlighted
Terrain Database Versions) listed on the Utility
Page.

Highlight with Cursor and
Press the ENT Key)
Figure 10-31 Waypoint Field Highlighted

Position of The following menu options are available:
Current Page
within Current • Checklists - Provides up to nine different user-
Page Group
defined checklists containing up to 30 items each.
Current Page Group • Flight Timers - Provides count up/down timers,
plus automatic recording of departure time and
Figure 10-29 Utility Page
total trip time. Departure and total trip time
recording can be configured to run either any time
To select a menu option from the Utility GNS 430 power is on, or only when the ground
Page: speed exceeds 30 knots.
1) Press the small right knob momentarily,
• Trip Statistics - Provides readouts for trip
to activate the flashing cursor (Figure
odometers, average speed, and maximum speed.
10-29).
These readouts are resettable (individually or all
at once) by pressing the MENU Key to display the
Trip Statistics Page Menu.

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• RAIM Prediction - Predicts if GPS coverage is If a ‘WARN’ annunciation appears at the

available for the current location or at a specified bottom left corner, GPS satellite coverage may
waypoint at any time and date. Receiver be sufficient, but the GNS 430 has detected a
Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) position error which exceeds protection limits.
performs checks to ensure that the GNS 430 In this condition, all GPS navigation data on the
will have adequate satellite geometry during the GNS 430 is disabled. Use the GNS 430’s VLOC
flight. RAIM availability is near 100% in Oceanic, receiver or an alternate navigation source.
Enroute, and Terminal phases of flight. Because • Sunrise/Sunset - Allows the pilot to calculate the
the FAA’s TSO requirements for non-precision time of sunrise and sunset at any waypoint or the
approaches specify significantly better satellite present position for a specified date.
coverage than other flight phases, RAIM may not
be available when flying some approaches. The • Software Versions - Provides software version
GNS 430 automatically monitors RAIM during information for the operating software within the
approach operations and warns the pilot if RAIM GPS receiver, COM transceiver, VOR/localizer
is not available. In such cases, use the GNS 430’s receiver, glideslope receiver, and main processor
VLOC receiver instead for many of the non- board.
precision and precision approaches stored on the • Database Versions - Displays the current Jeppesen
Jeppesen NavData Card. RAIM prediction helps database type and expiration date, along with the
the pilot plan for a pending flight to confirm GPS version and type of built-in land database.
operation during an approach. • Terrain Database Versions - Displays the current
An ‘INTEG’ annunciation at the bottom left version and area of coverage of each terrain and
corner of the screen (Figure 10-32) indicates that obstacle database. If a database is found to be
satellite coverage is insufficient to pass built-in missing and/or deficient, the TERRAIN system
(RAIM) tests. When this occurs, the GPS receiver fails the self-test and issues a failure message.
continues to provide navigation information,
but should not be used for primary navigation
guidance. Use the GNS 430’s VLOC receiver or
another suitable navigation source.
Figure 10-32 ‘INTEG’ Annunciation

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Utility Page: Checklists To execute a checklist:

1) With the Checklists Page displayed (Figure
To create a checklist:
10-34), turn the large right knob to select the
1) Select ‘Checklist’ from the Utility Page (Figure desired checklist and press the ENT Key.
10-33), using the steps described at the
beginning of this section (10.3). Press the ENT
Key to display a list of checklists.
Figure 10-34 Desired Checklist Highlighted
2) As each checklist item is completed, press the

Figure 10-33 Checklists Highlighted ENT Key to move to the next item on the list
(Figure 10-35).
2) Press the MENU Key to display an options
menu. Turn the large right knob to select
‘Create New Checklist?’ and press the ENT
Key.
the name of a checklist. Press the ENT Key
when finished. Up to nine different checklists
can be created and stored in the GNS 430.
4) Use the small and large right knobs to enter Figure 10-35 Desired Checklist Item Highlighted
each checklist item, followed each time by the
ENT Key. (Each checklist may contain up to 30 To edit a checklist:
line items of as much as 16 characters long.) 1) With the Checklists Page displayed, turn the
large right knob to select the desired checklist
and press the ENT Key.
2) Press the MENU Key to display an options
menu. Select ‘Edit Item?’ and press the ENT
Key, then use the small and large right knobs
to edit each checklist item. Press the ENT Key
when finished.

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To insert a checklist step into an existing Utility Page: Flight Timers

checklist:
To view, use, or reset the generic timer:
1) With the Checklists Page displayed, turn the
large right knob to select the desired checklist 1) Select ‘Flight Timers’ from the Utility Page
and press the ENT Key. (Figure 10-36), using the steps described at
the beginning of this section (10.3).
existing checklist entry which immediately
follows the new checklist step.
3) Turn the small and large right knobs to enter
the new checklist step. Press the ENT Key when
finished.
To delete a checklist or all checklists:
1) With the Checklists Page displayed, press the
MENU Key to display an options menu. Figure 10-36 Flight Timers Highlighted
2) Turn the large right knob to select ‘delete 2) The flashing cursor highlights ‘Start?’. To start
checklist’ or ‘delete all checklists’ and press the generic timer, press the ENT Key. Count up
the ENT Key to remove the checklist or all timers typically begin with this step; however,
checklists from memory. for count down timers, to enter a count
To copy a checklist: direction and time before starting the timer,
1) With the Checklists Page displayed and the see the following steps.
desired checklist selected, press the MENU 3) To change the count direction, turn the large
Key. right knob to highlight the count direction
2) Turn the large right knob to select ‘Copy field (Figure 10-37): ‘Down’ or ‘Up’. Turn the
Checklist? and press the ENT Key to copy small right knob to select the desired count
the checklist to an empty checklist memory direction. Press the ENT Key when finished.
location.
To sort the checklists by name or entry:
1) With the Checklists Page displayed, press the
MENU Key to display an options menu.
2) Turn the large right knob to select ‘Sort List
By Entry?’ or ‘Sort List By Name?’ and press
the ENT Key.
Figure 10-37 Count Window

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4) For a count down timer, turn the large right 4) Press the ENT Key when finished.
knob to highlight the time field. Use the small 5) To reset the departure time, turn the large right
and large right knobs to enter the count down knob to highlight ‘Reset?’ and press the ENT
time—in hours, minutes, and seconds. Press Key.
the ENT Key when finished.
To view, use or reset total trip time:
5) To stop the generic timer, turn the large right
knob to highlight ‘Stop?’ and press the ENT 1) Select ‘Flight Timers’ from the Utility Page,
Key. using the steps described at the beginning of
this section.
6) To reset the generic timer, turn the large right
knob to highlight the time field. Press the CLR 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the reset
Key, followed by the ENT Key. mode field, under ‘Total Trip Time’. (The reset
mode field indicates ‘Pwr-on’ or ‘GS>30kt’.)
To record or reset the departure time:
1) Select ‘Flight Timers’ from the Utility Page, reset mode. ‘Pwr-on’ records trip time, in
using the steps described at the beginning of hours/minutes/seconds, any time the GNS 430
this section (10.3). is turned on. ‘GS>30kt’ records trip time any
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the reset time the GPS-computed ground speed exceeds
mode field, under ‘Departure Time’. The reset 30 knots.
mode field indicates ‘Pwr-on’ or ‘GS>30kt’. 4) Press the ENT Key when finished.
3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired 5) To reset the total trip time, turn the large right
reset mode (Figure 10-38). ‘Pwr-on’ records knob to highlight ‘Reset?’ (Figure 10-39) and
a departure time when the GNS 430 is turned press the ENT Key.
on. ‘GS>30kt’ records a departure time once
the GPS-computed ground speed exceeds 30
knots.
Figure 10-39 ‘Reset?’ Highlighted
Figure 10-38 Reset Mode Window

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Utility Page: Trip Statistics Utility Page: RAIM Prediction

To reset trip statistics readouts: To predict RAIM availability:
1) Select ‘Trip Statistics’ from the Utility Page 1) Select ‘RAIM Prediction’ from the Utility Page
(Figure 10-40), using the steps described at (Figure 10-42), using the steps described at
the beginning of this section. the beginning of this section.
Figure 10-40 Trip Statistics Highlighted

Figure 10-42 RAIM Prediction Highlighted
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Trip
Statistics Page Menu with several reset options 2) The flashing cursor highlights the waypoint field
(Figure 10-41): (Figure 10-43). Use the small and large right
knobs to enter the identifier of the waypoint
at which the pilot wants to determine RAIM
availability. Press the ENT Key when finished.
(To determine RAIM availability for the present
position, press the CLR Key, followed by the
ENT Key.)
Figure 10-41 Trip Statistics Page Menu
• Reset Trip? - Resets trip odometer and average

ground speed readouts
• Reset Max Speed? - Resets maximum speed
readout only Figure 10-43 RAIM Prediction Page
• Reset Odometer? - Resets odometer readout only
• Reset All? - Resets all trip statistics readouts
reset option and press the ENT Key.

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3) The flashing cursor moves to the arrival date Utility Page: Sunrise/Sunset
enter the date for which the pilot wants to To calculate sunrise and sunset times at any
determine RAIM availability. Press the ENT waypoint or the present position:
Key when finished. 1) Select ‘Sunrise/Sunset’ from the Utility Page,
4) The flashing cursor moves to the arrival time using the steps described at the beginning of
field. Use the small and large right knobs to this section (Figure 10-45).
enter the time for which the pilot wants to
determine RAIM availability. Press the ENT
Key when finished.
5) The flashing cursor moves to ‘Compute
RAIM?’ (Figure 10-44). Press the ENT Key to
begin RAIM prediction. Once calculations are
complete, the GNS 430 displays one of the
following in the RAIM status field: Figure 10-45 Sunrise Sunset Highlighted
2) The flashing cursor highlights the waypoint

enter the identifier of the waypoint at which
the pilot wants to determine sunrise and sunset
times. Press the ENT Key when finished. To
determine sunrise/sunset times for the present
position, press the CLR Key, followed by the
Figure 10-44 ‘Compute RAIM?’ Highlighted ENT Key.
3) The flashing cursor moves to the date field
• RAIM Not Available - Satellite coverage is
(Figure 10-46). Use the small and large right
predicted to NOT be sufficient for reliable
knobs to enter the date for which the pilot
operation during non-precision approaches
wants to determine sunrise and sunset times.
• RAIM Available - Satellite coverage is predicted to
be sufficient for reliable operation during all flight
phases, including non-precision approaches
NOTE: RAIM computations predict satellite

coverage within ±15 minutes of the specified
arrival date and time. Refer to Section 10.4 for
specific information regarding RAIM protection
limits, also refer to Section 13 for FDE (Fault
Detection and Exclusion) information. Figure 10-46 Date Field Highlighted

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4) Press the ENT Key to calculate sunrise and Utility Page: Database Versions
sunset times for the selected location and date
The Database Versions Page (Figure 10-49) displays
(Figure 10-47).
the navigation database type and version information as
well as the land database type and version. This page
is for information purposes only—no user functions are
available from this page.
Figure 10-47 Sunrise/Sunset Page
Utility Page: Software Versions

The Software Versions Page (Figure 10-48) displays Figure 10-49 Database Versions Page
software version information for each of the various
subsystems contained within the GNS 430. This page Utility Page: Terrain Database Versions
is for information purposes only—no user functions are
The Terrain Database Versions Page (Figure 10-50)
available from this page.
displays the current version and area of coverage of each
terrain and obstacle database. This page is for information
purposes only—no user functions are available from this
page.
Figure 10-48 Software Versions Page
Figure 10-50 Terrain Database Versions Page

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10.4 Setup 1 Page

The Setup 1 Page (Figure 10-51) provides access (via
menu options) to airspace alarms, CDI scale adjustment, an
arrival alarm, units of measure settings, position formats,
map datums, and settings for local or UTC time display.
When a menu option is selected, the corresponding page
appears providing access to the various unit settings.
Figure 10-53 Units/Mag Var Page
To select a menu option from the Setup 1
Page: The following menu options are available:
Menu Options (to Select, Highlight • ‘Airspace Alarms’ - Allows the pilot to turn the
with Cursor and Press the ENT Key) controlled/special-use airspace message alerts on
or off. This does not affect the alerts listed on the
Nearest Airspace Page or the airspace boundaries
depicted on the Map Page. It simply turns
on/off the warning provided when the aircraft is
approaching or near an airspace.
Position of
Current Page An altitude buffer is also provided which ‘expands’
within Current
Page Group the vertical range above or below an airspace. For
example, if the buffer is set at 500 feet, and the aircraft
Current Page Group is more than 500 feet above or below an airspace,
Figure 10-51 Setup 1 Page the pilot is not notified with an alert message; if
the aircraft is less than 500 feet above or below an
1) Press the small right knob momentarily, to airspace and projected to enter it, the pilot is notified
activate the flashing cursor (Figure 10-51). with an alert message. The default is 200 feet.
2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired • ‘CDI/Alarms’ - Allows the pilot to define the scale
menu option (Figure 10-52), and press the ENT for the GNS 430’s on-screen course deviation
Key (Figure 10-53). indicator. The scale values represent full scale
deflection for the CDI to either side (Figure
10-54). The default setting is ‘Auto’. At this
setting, the CDI scale is set to 5 nm during the
enroute/oceanic phase of flight. Within 30 nm
of the destination airport the CDI scale gradually
ramps down to 1.0 nm (terminal area). Likewise
when leaving the departure airport the CDI scale
is set to 1.0 nm and gradually ramps UP to 5 nm
Figure 10-52 ‘Units/Mag Var’ Highlighted beyond 30 nm (from the departure airport).

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CDI Scales and Corresponding Flight Phases: CDI Scale/Flight Phase: RAIM Protection:
Auto (oceanic) 4.0 nm
±5.0 nm or Auto (enroute) 2.0 nm
Oceanic
±1.0 nm or Auto (terminal) 1.0 nm
±0.3 nm or Auto (approach) 0.3 nm
Enroute Table 10-2 CDI Scales
An ‘auto’ ILS CDI selection allows the GNS 430

Terminal to automatically switch the external CDI from
the GPS receiver to the VLOC receiver, when
established on the final approach course (Section
6.3). Or, select ‘manual’ to manually switch the
Approach
external CDI connection, as needed.
Figure 10-54 CDI Scales An arrival alarm, provided on the CDI/Alarms Page,
may be set to notify the pilot with a message when
During approach operations the CDI scale a user-defined distance to the final destination
gradually ramps down even further, to 0.3 nm. (the direct-to waypoint or the last waypoint in a
This transition normally occurs within 2.0 nm of flight plan) has been reached. Once the aircraft
the final approach fix (FAF). If a lower CDI scale has reached the set distance (up to 99.9 units), an
setting is selected (i.e., 1.0 nm or 0.3 nm) the ‘Arrival at [waypoint]’ message is displayed.
higher scale settings are not selected during any
phase of flight. For example, if 1.0 nm is selected, • ‘Units/Mag Var’ - Allows the pilot to configure
the GNS 430 uses this for the enroute and the displayed data to standard or metric units
terminal phase and ramp down to 0.3 nm during of measure. This setting applies to distance,
an approach. Note that the Receiver Autonomous speed, altitude, fuel, pressure, and temperature.
Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) protection limits Also provides three magnetic variation (heading)
listed in Table 10-2 follow the selected CDI scale options: True, Auto, or User-defined. If ‘Auto’ is
and corresponding modes: selected, all track, course and heading information
is corrected to the magnetic variation computed
by the GPS receiver. The ‘True’ setting references
all information to true north, and the ‘User’ setting
corrects information to an user-entered value.

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
• ‘Position/Map Datum’ - Configures position 2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the
readout information to the desired position ‘On’/’Off’ field next to the desired airspace
format. The GNS 430 uses the map datum WGS type. ‘Other SUAs’ includes alert, caution,
84. Note that using a map datum that does not danger, training, and warning areas.
match the charts used by the pilot can result in 3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or ‘Off’,
significant differences in position information. If as desired (Figure 10-56). Press the ENT Key
the pilot is using the paper charts for reference to accept the selection.
only, the GNS 430 still provides correct navigation
guidance to the waypoints contained in the
database, regardless of the datum differences.
• ‘Date/Time’ - Provides settings for time format
(local or UTC; 12- or 24-hour) and time offset.
The time offset is used to define current local
time. UTC (also called GMT or Zulu) date
and time are calculated directly from the GPS
satellites’ signals and cannot be changed. To use Figure 10-56 TWR/CTL Zone Alarm Window
local time, simply designate the offset by adding
or subtracting the correct number of hours. 4) To change the altitude buffer, turn the large
right knob to highlight the ‘Altitude Buffers’
Setup 1 Page: Airspace Alarms field (Figure 10-57). Use the small and large
To set the airspace warning messages or right knobs to enter the desired buffer
change the altitude buffer: distance. Press the ENT Key when finished.
1) Select ‘Airspace Alarms’ from the Setup 1 Page
(Figure 10-55), using the steps described at the
beginning of this section.
Figure 10-57 Buffer Distance Field Selected
NOTE: When an approach has been loaded into

the active flight plan, airspace alert messages
Figure 10-55 Airspace Alarms Highlighted are disabled within 30nm of the destination
airport.

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
Setup 1 Page: CDI Scale/Alarms To change the ILS CDI selection:

1) Select ‘CDI/Alarms’ from the Setup 1 Page,
To change the CDI scale:
1) Select ‘CDI/Alarms’ from the Setup 1 Page this section.
(Figure 10-58), using the steps described at
the beginning of this section.
‘Auto’/’Manual’ ILS CDI field.
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Auto’ or
‘Manual’, as desired (Figure 10-60). Press the
ENT Key to accept the selection.
Figure 10-58 CDI/Alarms Highlighted
2) The flashing cursor highlights the ‘Selected CDI’

field. Turn the small right knob to select the
desired CDI scale. The selected scale and any Figure 10-60 ILS CDI Window
lower scale settings are used during the various
phases of flight as described at the beginning
of this section.
3) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected scale.

The ‘System CDI’ field displays the CDI scale
currently in use (Figure 10-59). The ‘System
CDI’ setting may differ from the ‘Selected CDI’
depending upon the current phase of flight.
Figure 10-59 Selected CDI Field Highlighted

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
To set the arrival alarm and alarm distance: 2) The flashing cursor highlights the heading
1) Select ‘CDI/Alarms’ from the Setup 1 Page, mode field. Turn the small right knob to
using the steps described at the beginning of select the desired heading mode: Auto, True,
this section. or User (Figure 10-62). Press the ENT Key to
accept the selection. (The heading modes are
described at the beginning of this section.)
‘On’/’Off’ field (directly below ‘Arrival Alarm’).
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or ‘Off’,
as desired. Press the ENT Key to accept the
selection.
4) The flashing cursor moves to the alarm distance
field (to the immediate right of ‘On’ or ‘Off’).
To enter an arrival alarm distance, use the small
and large right knobs to enter the desired
alarm distance. Press the ENT Key when Figure 10-62 Heading Mode Window
finished.
3) If ‘User’ is selected, the flashing cursor moves
NOTE: The CDI scale is always measured in to the user value field (to the immediate right of
nautical miles, regardless of the current distance ‘User’). Use the small and large right knobs to
units of measure selected on the Units/Mag Var
enter the desired magnetic variation direction
Page.
and value. Press the ENT Key when finished.
Setup 1 Page: Units/Mag Var To change the units of measure:
1) Select ‘Units/Mag Var’ from the Setup 1 Page,
To set the magnetic variation:
1) Select ‘Units/Mag Var’ from the Setup 1 Page this section.
(Figure 10-61), using the steps described at
the beginning of this section.
desired units of measure category (Figure 10-
63).
Figure 10-61 Units/Mag Var Highlighted

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
Figure 10-63 Units Mag/Var Page Figure 10-64 Position/Map Datum Highlighted
The following categories, and corresponding units of 2) The flashing cursor is on the position format
measure, are available: field (Figure 10-65). Turn the small right knob
• DIS, SPD - Distance and speed in Nautical to select the desired position format.
(nautical miles/knots), Statute (miles/miles per
hour), or Metric (kilometers/kilometers per hour)
terms
• ALT, VS - Altitude and vertical speed in Feet/feet
per minute, Meters/meters per minute, or Meters/
meters per second
• PRESSURE - Barometric pressure in Inches or
Millibars Figure 10-65 Position Format Window
• TEMP - Temperature in degrees Celsius or
The following position formats are available:
Fahrenheit
• hddd°mm.mmm’ - Latitude and longitude in
• FUEL - Fuel units in Gallons, Imperial Gallons, degrees and decimal minutes
Kilograms, Liters, or Pounds
• hddd°mm’ss.s’ - Latitude and longitude in degrees,
minutes, and decimal seconds
units of measure for the selected category.
Press the ENT Key to accept the selection. • MGRS - Military Grid Reference System
• UTM/UPS - Universal Transverse Mercator/
Setup 1 Page: Position Format/Map Datum
Universal Polar Stereographic grids
To change the position format:
1) Select ‘Position Format/Map Datum’ from the
format.
Setup 1 Page (Figure 10-64), using the steps
described at the beginning of this section.

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
To display the map datum: 3) Continue turning the small right knob to select
1) Select ‘Position Format/Map Datum’ from the the desired time format.
Setup 1 Page, using the steps described at the 4) Press the ENT Key to accept the selection.
beginning of this section. To set the local time:
2) The WGS 84 map datum is displayed, this field 1) Select ‘Date/Time’ from the Setup 1 Page, using
cannot be changed. the steps described at the beginning of this
section.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the time
offset field (Figure 10-68).
Figure 10-66 WGS 84 Map Datum
Setup 1 Page: Date/Time

Figure 10-68 Time Offset Field Highlighted
To display local time or UTC:
1) Select ‘Date/Time’ from the Setup 1 Page, using 3) Use the small and large right knobs to enter
the steps described at the beginning of this the desired offset, beginning by entering a
section. minus (-) or plus (+) sign to indicate whether
2) The flashing cursor highlights the time format the offset is behind UTC or ahead of UTC. In
field (Figure 10-67). Turn the small right knob the United States, all local time offsets use
to display a window of available time formats: minus, or behind UTC.
Local 12hr, Local 24hr, or UTC. 4) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
offset.
Figure 10-67 Time Format Window

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
Restoring Factory Settings 10.5 Setup 2 Page

When making changes to any Setup 1 Page option, a The Setup 2 Page (Figure 10-70) provides access (via
‘Restore Defaults?’ menu selection allows the pilot to restore menu options) to display adjustments, parameters which
the original factory settings (for the selected option only). define the nearest airport search, and COM transceiver
For example, with the Airspace Alarms Page displayed, channel spacing. When a menu option is selected, the
the ‘Restore Defaults?’ option restores all Airspace Alarms corresponding page appears providing access to the
Page settings to the original factory values. various unit settings.
To restore a Setup 1 option to the original To select a menu option from the Setup 2
factory settings: Page:
1) Select the desired menu option from the
Setup 1 Page, using the steps described at the Highlight with Cursor and
beginning of this section. Press the ENT Key)
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Date/Time

Position of
Current Page
within Current
Page Group
Current Page Group
Figure 10-70 Setup 2 Page
Figure 10-69 Date/Time Page Menu
3) With ‘Restore Defaults?’ highlighted, press the 1) Press the small right knob momentarily, to
ENT Key. activate the flashing cursor (Figure 10-70).

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AUX PAGES
2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired • ‘Nearest Airport Criteria’ - Defines the minimum
menu option (Figure 10-71), and press the ENT runway length and surface type used when
Key (Figure 10-72). determining the nine nearest airports to display
on the Nearest Airport Page. A minimum runway
length and/or surface type may be entered to
prevent airports with small runways, or runways
that are not of appropriate surface, from being
displayed. The default settings are ‘0 feet (or
meters)’ for runway length and ‘any’ for runway
surface type.
• ‘COM Configuration’ - Allows selection of 8.33
Figure 10-71 Nearest Airport Criteria Highlighted kHz or 25.0 kHz COM frequency channel spacing.
NOTE: 8.33 kHz VHF communication frequency

channel spacing is not approved for use in the
United States.
Setup 2 Page: Display

To change the backlighting intensity:
1) Select ‘Display’ from the Setup 2 Page (Figure
Figure 10-72 Nearest Airport Criteria Page 10-73), using the steps described at the
The following menu options are available: beginning of this section (10.5).
• ‘Display’ - Allows the pilot to adjust the display for

optimum viewing in any condition. Automatic
backlighting is available which uses a built-in
photocell (at the top left corner of the display
bezel) to make the proper display adjustments
without any user intervention. Automatic contrast
adjustment varies the screen contrast level based
upon current unit temperature. The pilot may Figure 10-73 Display Highlighted
also select manual control of the display contrast
and backlighting of the GNS 430’s display. 2) The flashing cursor highlights the backlight
mode field. Turn the small right knob to select
the desired mode: Auto or Manual (Figure
10-74). Press the ENT Key to accept the
selection.

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
Setup 2 Page: Nearest Airport Criteria

To set the minimum runway length and
runway surface:
1) Select ‘Nearest Airport Criteria’ from the
Setup 2 Page, using the steps described at the
Figure 10-74 Backlight Mode Window 2) The flashing cursor highlights the runway
surface field (Figure 10-76). Turn the small
3) If ‘Manual’ is selected, the flashing cursor right knob to select the desired surface. The
moves to the backlight level field. Turn the following options are available:
small right knob to select the desired level. • Any surface
Press the ENT Key to accept the selection.
• Hard surfaces only
To change the display contrast:
• Hard or Soft surfaces
1) Select ‘Display’ from the Setup 2 Page, using
• Water landings only
the steps described at the beginning of this
section.
contrast mode field (Figure 10-75).
Figure 10-76 Surface Type Window
3) Press the ENT Key to accept the runway surface

Figure 10-75 Contrast Mode Field Highlighted
selection.

mode: Auto or Manual. Press the ENT Key to
accept the selection.
4) If ‘Manual’ is selected, the flashing cursor
moves to the contrast level field. Turn the small
right knob to select the desired level. Press
the ENT Key to accept the selection.

SECTION 10
AUX PAGES
4) The flashing cursor moves to the minimum Restoring Factory Settings

runway length field (Figure 10-77). To enter
When making changes to any Setup 2 Page option,
a different minimum runway length, use the
a ‘Restore Defaults?’ menu selection restores the original
small and large right knobs to enter the
factory settings (for the selected option).
desired length. Press the ENT Key when
finished. To restore a Setup 2 option to the original
factory settings:
1) Select the desired menu option from the
Setup 2 Page, using the steps described at the
2) Press the MENU Key to display the COM Setup
Figure 10-77 Minimum Runway Length Field Selected
Setup 2 Page: COM Configuration

To set the COM channel spacing:
1) Select ‘COM Configuration’ from the Setup
2 Page, using the steps described at the Figure 10-79 COM Setup Page Menu
2) The flashing cursor highlights the channel 3) With ‘Restore Defaults?’ highlighted, press the
spacing field (Figure 10-78). Turn the small ENT Key.
right knob to select the desired channel
spacing: 8.33 kHz or 25.0 kHz. Press the ENT
Key when finished.
Figure 10-78 Channel Spacing Window

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
SECTION 11: TERRAIN Limitations

NOTE: The data contained in the TERRAIN
NOTE: Not all GNS 430 units are equipped with databases comes from government agencies.
or configured for TERRAIN. See the 400-series Garmin accurately processes and cross-validates
Installation Manual (190-00140-02) for TERRAIN the data but cannot guarantee the accuracy and
configuration information. completeness of the data.
TERRAIN displays terrain and obstructions relative

11.1 INTRODUCTION to the altitude of the aircraft. The displayed alerts are
Garmin TERRAIN is a non-TSO-C151b-certified advisory in nature only. Individual obstructions may
terrain awareness system incorporated into GNS 430 be shown if available in the database. However, all
units to increase situational awareness and aid in obstructions may not be available in the database and
reducing controlled flight into terrain (CFIT). TERRAIN data may be inaccurate. Never use this information for
functionality is a standard feature found in GNS 430 units navigation or to maneuver to avoid obstacles.
with main software version 5.01 or above, along with Terrain information is based on terrain elevation
appropriate hardware upgrades. information in a database that may contain inaccuracies.
Terrain information should be used as an aid to situational
Operating Criteria awareness. Never use it for navigation or to maneuver to
TERRAIN requires the following to operate properly: avoid terrain.
TERRAIN uses terrain and obstacle information
• The system must have a valid 3-D GPS position
supplied by government sources. The data undergoes
solution.
verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of the content,
• The system must have a valid terrain/obstacle/ per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed information
airport terrain database. should never be understood as being all-inclusive.

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
TERRAIN Alerting Baro-Corrected Altitude

TERRAIN uses information provided from the GPS Baro-corrected altitude (or indicated altitude) is derived
receiver to provide a horizontal position and altitude. by adjusting the altimeter setting for local atmospheric
GPS altitude is derived from satellite measurements. GPS conditions. The most accurate baro-corrected altitude
altitude is converted to a mean sea level (MSL)-based can be achieved by frequently updating the altimeter
altitude (GPS-MSL altitude) and is used to determine setting to the nearest reporting station along the flight
TERRAIN alerts. GPS-MSL altitude accuracy is affected path. However, because actual atmosphere conditions
by factors such as satellite geometry, but it is not subject seldom match the standard conditions defined by the
to variations in pressure and temperature that normally International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) model (where
affect pressure altitude devices. GPS-MSL altitude does pressure, temperature, and lapse rates have fixed values),
not require local altimeter settings to determine MSL it is common for the baro-corrected altitude (as read from
altitude. Therefore, GPS altitude provides a highly the altimeter) to differ from the GPS-MSL altitude. This
accurate and reliable MSL altitude source to calculate variation results in the aircraft’s true altitude differing from
terrain and obstacle alerts. the baro-corrected altitude.
TERRAIN utilizes terrain and obstacle databases that
are referenced to mean sea level (MSL). Using the GPS Using TERRAIN
position and GPS-MSL altitude, TERRAIN displays a 2-D During power-up, the terrain/obstacle database
picture of the surrounding terrain and obstacles relative versions are displayed along with a disclaimer to the pilot.
to the position and altitude of the aircraft. Furthermore, At the same time, TERRAIN self-test begins. A test failure
the GPS position and GPS-MSL altitude are used to is annunciated for TERRAIN as shown in Table 11-4.
calculate and “predict” the aircraft’s flight path in relation
to the surrounding terrain and obstacles. In this manner,
TERRAIN can provide advanced alerts of predicted
dangerous terrain conditions. Detailed alert modes are
described later in this section.

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
11.2 TERRAIN Page NOTE: If an obstacle and the projected flight path
of the aircraft intersect, the display automatically
See Section 3.5 for a complete description of the
zooms in to the closest potential point of impact
TERRAIN Page and its operation.
on the TERRAIN Page.
TERRAIN Symbols
The symbols and colors in Figure 11-1 and Table
11-1 are used to represent obstacles and potential
impact points on the TERRAIN Page. TERRAIN
uses yellow (caution) and red (warning) to depict
terrain information relative to aircraft altitude.
Each color is associated with an alert severity level.
Terrain graphics and visual annunciations also use
these color assignments.
Potential Impact Point
Projected Flight Path Terrain above or

within 100 ft
100 ft Threshold below the aircraft
Unlighted Obstacle altitude (Red)
1000 ft
Terrain between 100 ft and 1000 ft below the

aircraft altitude (Yellow)
Terrain more than 1000 ft below the aircraft altitude (Black)
Figure 11-1 Terrain Altitude/Color Correlation
Unlighted Obstacle Lighted Obstacle Potential

Impact
< 1000’ > 1000’ < 1000’ > 1000’ Obstacle Location Alert Level
Points
AGL AGL AGL AGL
Obstacle above or within
Obstacle Symbol
WARNING
100’ below current aircraft
(Red)
altitude
Obstacle between 100’ and
CAUTION
1000’ below current aircraft
(Yellow)
altitude
Table 11-1 Terrain/Obstacle Colors and Symbology

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
11.3 TERRAIN Alerts Pop-up terrain alerts (Figure 11-3 & 11-4) can also
appear during an alert, but only when the TERRAIN Page
TERRAIN Alerts are issued when flight conditions is not displayed.
meet parameters that are set within TERRAIN software There are two options when an alert is displayed:
algorithms. TERRAIN alerts typically employ either an
ADVISORY or a CAUTION alert severity level, or both. • Press the CLR Key. This acknowledges the
When an alert is issued, visual annunciations are pop-up alert and returns to the currently
displayed. viewed page.
Annunciations appear in a dedicated field in the lower • Press the ENT Key. This acknowledges the
left corner of the display (Figure 11-2). Annunciations pop-up alert and accesses the TERRAIN Page.
are color-coded according to Table 11-2.
TERRAIN Annunciation
Figure 11-3 TERRAIN Advisory Pop-up
Figure 11-2 TERRAIN Annunciation Field
NOTE: TERRAIN Advisory Alerts are displayed

as constant black text on a yellow background;
TERRAIN Caution Alerts are displayed as flashing
black text on a yellow background.
Figure 11-4 TERRAIN Caution Pop-up (Flashing)

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
Table 11-2 shows the possible TERRAIN alert types with corresponding annunciations.
Alert Type Annunciation Pop-Up Alert
TERRAIN Failure None
TERRAIN Inhibited None
TERRAIN Not Available None
Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) Advisory
Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) Caution

(FLASHING) (FLASHING)
Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) Advisory
Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) Caution

Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) Advisory
Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) Caution

Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) Advisory
Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) Caution

Premature Descent Alert (PDA) Advisory
Table 11-2 TERRAIN Alert Summary

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
Table 11-3 shows system status annunciations that may also be issued:
TERRAIN Page
Alert Type Pop-Up Alert
Annunciation
TERRAIN System Test Fail None
TERRAIN Alerting is disabled None
No GPS position or excessively degraded None
GPS signal
System Test in progress None
System Test pass None None
Table 11-3 Additional System Annunciations
Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance

The Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance (FLTA) alert is used by TERRAIN and is composed of:
• Reduced Required Terrain Clearance (RTC) and Reduced Required Obstacle Clearance (ROC) -These alerts are
issued when the aircraft flight path is above terrain, yet is projected to come within the minimum clearance
values in Table 11-4. When an RTC or ROC alert is issued, a potential impact point is displayed on the
TERRAIN Page.
• Imminent Terrain Impact (ITI) and Imminent Obstacle Impact (IOI) - These alerts are issued when the
aircraft is below the elevation of a terrain or obstacle cell in the aircraft’s projected path. ITI and IOI alerts are
accompanied by a potential impact point displayed on the TERRAIN Page. The alert is annunciated when the
projected vertical flight path is calculated to come within minimum clearance altitudes in Table 11-4.
During the final approach phase of flight, FLTA alerts are automatically inhibited when the aircraft is below 200
feet AGL while within 0.5 nm of the approach runway or below 125 feet AGL while within 1.0 nm of the runway
threshold.
Phase of Flight Minimum Clearance Minimum Clearance

Altitude Level Flight (ft) Altitude Descending (ft)
Enroute 700 500
Terminal 350 300
Approach 150 100
Departure 100 100
Table 11-4 Minimum Terrain and Obstacle Clearance Values for FLTA Alerts

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
Premature Descent Alerting TERRAIN Inhibit

A Premature Descent Alert (PDA) is issued when the TERRAIN also has an inhibit mode that deactivates the
system detects that the aircraft is significantly below the FLTA/PDA visual alerts. Pilots should use discretion when
normal approach path to a runway (Figure 11-5). inhibiting TERRAIN and always remember to enable the
PDA alerting begins when the aircraft is within 15 nm system when appropriate.
of the destination airport. PDA alerting ends when the Inhibiting TERRAIN:
aircraft is either:
• 0.5 nm from the runway threshold Key. ‘Inhibit Terrain?’ is selected by default
OR (Figure 11-6).
• at an altitude of 125 feet AGL while within 1.0
nm of the threshold.
700
Height Above Terrain (Feet)
600
500
400
2) Press the ENT Key. The ‘TER INHB’ annunciation
is displayed in the TERRAIN annunciator field
300 when TERRAIN is inhibited (Figure 11-7).
200 “Too Low Terrain” Annunciator Field
100
Runway 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Threshold
Distance From Destination Airport (nm) Figure 11-7 Annunciator Field
Figure 11-5 PDA Alerting Threshold Enabling TERRAIN:

Key. ‘Enable Terrain?’ is selected by default.
2) Press the ENT Key. The TERRAIN system is
functional again.

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
TERRAIN Not Available Alert TERRAIN Failure Alert

TERRAIN requires a 3-D GPS navigation solution TERRAIN continually monitors several system-critical
along with specific vertical accuracy minimums. Should items such as database validity, hardware status, and GPS
the navigation solution become degraded or if the aircraft status. If the terrain/obstacle database is not available,
is out of the database coverage area, the annunciation ‘TER FAIL’ is generated in the annunciation window, and
‘TER N/A’ is generated in the annunciation window and ‘TERRAIN has failed’ is generated on the TERRAIN Page
‘TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE’ is generated on the TERRAIN (Figure 11-9).
Page (Figure 11-8). When the GPS signal is re-established
and the aircraft is within the database coverage area, the
‘TER N/A’ visual annunciation is removed.
Figure 11-9: TERRAIN FAILED Display
Figure 11-8: TERRAIN NOT AVAILABLE Display

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
11.4 Database Information for Database Versions

TERRAIN The version and area of coverage of each terrain/obstacle
database is shown on the Terrain Database Versions Page,
General Database Information located in the AUX Page Group (Figures 11-10 and 11-11,
also Section 10.3). Databases are checked for integrity
Garmin TERRAIN uses terrain and obstacle
at power-up. If a database is found to be missing and/
information supplied by government sources. The data
or deficient, the TERRAIN system fails the self-test and
undergoes verification by Garmin to confirm accuracy of
displays the TERRAIN system failure message (see Table
the content, per TSO-C151b. However, the displayed
11-3).
information should never be understood as being all-
inclusive. Pilots must familiarize themselves with
the appropriate sectional charts for safe flight.
NOTE: The data contained in the terrain and

obstacle databases comes from government
agencies. Garmin accurately processes and
cross-validates the data, but cannot guarantee
the accuracy and completeness of the data.
Figure 11-10 Utility Page
The terrain/obstacle databases are contained on a
datacard which is inserted in the right-most slot of the
GNS 430 units (Appendix A).
NOTE: Obstacles 200’ and higher are included

in the Obstacle Database. It is very important
to note that not all obstacles are necessarily
charted and therefore may not be contained in
the Obstacle Database.
Figure 11-11 Terrain Database Versions Page

SECTION 11
TERRAIN
Database Updates Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage

Terrain/obstacle databases are updated periodically Table 11-5 lists the area of coverage available in each
with the latest terrain and obstacle data. Visit the Garmin database. Regional definitions may change without
website to check for newer versions of terrain/obstacle notice.
databases (compare database cycle numbers to determine
if a newer version is available). Updated terrain data cards Database Coverage Area
may be obtained by calling Garmin at one of the numbers Latitudes: N75 to S60
Worldwide (WW)
listed in the front of this document. Longitudes: W180 to E180
Updating terrain/obstacle databases: Limited to the United States plus
United States (US) some areas of Canada, Mexico,
1) Acquire a new terrain data card from
Caribbean, and the Pacific.
Garmin.
Alaska, Austria, Belgium, Canada*,
2) Turn off the power to the GNS 430.
Caribbean*, Czech Republic,
3) Remove the old terrain data card from and Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
insert the new card into the right-most slot of Germany, Greece, Hawaii, Iceland,
the GNS 430. US/Europe Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
4) Turn on the GNS 430 and verify that the Mexico*, Netherlands, Norway,
TERRAIN system passes self-test. Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, United
Kingdom, United States
* Indicates partial coverage
Table 11-5 Database Coverage Areas

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
SECTION 12: ADDITIONAL NOTE: Proximity Advisories and Other Traffic

symbols normally displayed in white may be
FEATURES displayed in cyan if configured for alternate
traffic color (see the 400 series installation
CAUTION: The Weather Data Link and TIS manual).
information contained in this section is not
intended to replace the documentation that is 12.1 Traffic Information Service (TIS)
supplied with the GDL 49, the GDL 69(A) Data
Link, and the GTX 330 Transponder. This section is written for:
• Garmin GNS 400 Main System Software Version
CAUTION: TIS is not intended to be used as a 5.01 and later
collision avoidance system and does not relieve
pilot responsibility to ‘see and avoid’ other • GTX 330/330D Main Software Version 4.01 and
aircraft. TIS should not be used for avoidance later
maneuvers during Instrument Meteorological
Some differences in operation may be observed when
Conditions (IMC) or other times when there is
no visual contact with the intruder aircraft. TIS
comparing the information in this manual to earlier or
is intended only to assist in visual acquisition later software versions.
of other aircraft in Visual Meteorological
Conditions (VMC). Avoidance maneuvers are NOTE: This section is written exclusively for
not recommended, nor authorized, as a direct GNS 430 units that are configured with the GTX
result of a TIS intruder display or TIS alert. 330 Mode S Transponder. Refer to the 400/500
Series Display Interfaces Pilot’s Guide Addendum
NOTE: Garmin is not responsible for Mode S (190-00140-10) when interfacing with non-
geographical coverage. Operation of the ground Garmin products.
stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer
to the Aeronautical Information Manual for a TIS Operation
Terminal Mode S Radar Site Map covering the
Traffic Information Service (TIS) provides a graphic
U.S.
display of traffic advisory information in the cockpit
NOTE: This Section assumes the user has for non-TCAS equipped aircraft. TIS is a ground-based
experience operating the GNS 430 unit and the service providing relative location of aircraft tracked by
Garmin GTX 330 Transponder. ATC radar within a specified service volume. The TIS
ground sensor uses real-time track reports to generate
NOTE: TIS and Weather Data Link displays are
traffic notification. TIS Traffic display is available to
available only when GNS 430 units are configured
with the GTX 330 Mode S Transponder and a GDL aircraft equipped with a Mode S Data Link, such as the
49 or GDL 69(A) Data Link Satellite Receiver. Garmin GTX 330 Transponder. TIS traffic information
from a GTX 330 Transponder can then be displayed on a
GNS 430 unit. Surveillance data includes aircraft tracked
by ATC radar within the coverage volume. Aircraft without
an operating transponder are invisible to TIS.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
TIS displays up to eight traffic targets within 7 nautical TIS Limitations

miles horizontally from 3000 feet below to 3500 feet
above the requesting aircraft (Figure 12-1). NOTE: This section on TIS Limitations is not
comprehensive. Garmin recommends the
user review the TIS Limitations section of the
3,500 ft Aeronautical Information Manual, Section
1-3-5.
7.0 nm TIS is not intended to be used as a collision avoidance

system and does not relieve the pilot responsibility to
see and avoid other aircraft. TIS should not be used for
avoidance maneuvers during IMC or other times when
3,000 ft there is no visual contact with the intruder aircraft. TIS
is intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other
Not to Scale aircraft in VMC. No recommended avoidance maneuvers
are provided for, nor authorized, as a direct result of a TIS
Figure 12-1 TIS Coverage Volume intruder display or TIS advisory.
TIS Operational Procedures NOTE: The main difference between TIS and TCAS
is the source of surveillance data. TCAS uses an
TIS warns the user with voice and visual traffic airborne interrogator with a half-second update
advisories when it predicts an intruder to be a threat. rate, while TIS uses the terminal Mode S ground
The user should not start evasive maneuvers using interrogator and its Data Link to provide about
information from the GNS 430 display or on a traffic a 5-second update rate. The range accuracy of
advisory only. The display and advisories are intended TIS and TCAS is similar.
only for assistance in visually locating the traffic, due to
the lack in resolution and coordination ability. The flight While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoidance, it
crew should attempt to visually acquire the intruder has some system limitations that must be fully understood
aircraft and maintain a safe separation in accordance with to ensure proper use. Many of these limitations are
regulatory requirements and good operating practice. If inherent in secondary radar surveillance. In other words,
the flight crew cannot visually acquire the aircraft, they the information provided by TIS is no better than that
should contact ATC to obtain any information that may provided to ATC. TIS only displays aircraft with operating
assist concerning the intruder aircraft. Based on the above transponders installed.
procedures, minor adjustment to the vertical flight path TIS relies on surveillance of the Mode S radar, which
consistent with air traffic requirements are not considered is a ‘secondary surveillance’ radar similar to the ATCRBS.
evasive maneuvers. TIS operation may be intermittent during turns or other
maneuvering. TIS is dependent on two-way, line-of-
sight communications between the aircraft and the
Mode S radar. When the structure of the client aircraft

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
comes between the transponder antenna (usually located The preceding errors are relatively rare occurrences
on the underside of the aircraft) and the ground-based and are corrected within a few radar scans once the course
radar antenna, the signal may be temporarily interrupted. has stabilized.
Other limitations and anomalies associated with TIS are Users of TIS can render valuable assistance in the
described in the AIM, Section 1-3-5. correction of malfunctions by reporting their observations
of undesirable performance.
TIS is unavailable at low altitudes in many areas
of the U.S., particularly in mountainous regions. Reporters should identify:
Also, when flying near the “floor” of radar • Time of observation
coverage in a particular area, intruders below
the client aircraft may not be detected by TIS. • Location, type, and identity of aircraft
• Condition observed
TIS information is collected one radar scan prior to
• Type of transponder, processor, and software in
the scan during which the uplink occurs. Therefore, the
use
surveillance information is approximately 5 seconds old.
In order to present the intruders in a ‘real time’ position, Since TIS performance is monitored by maintenance
the TIS ground station uses a predictive algorithm in personnel rather than ATC, it is suggested that malfunctions
its tracking software. This algorithm uses track history be reported in the following ways:
data to extrapolate intruders to their expected positions • By telephone to the nearest Flight Service Station
consistent with the time of display in the cockpit. (FSS) facility.
Occasionally, aircraft maneuvering causes this algorithm
to induce errors in the GNS 430 display. These errors • By FAA Form 8000-7, Safety Improvement
primarily affect relative bearing information and traffic Report, a postage-paid card designed for this
target track vector (it lags); intruder distance and altitude purpose. These cards may be obtained at FAA
remain relatively accurate and may be used to assist “see FSS’s, General Aviation District Offices, Flight
and avoid”. Some of the more common examples of these Standards District Offices, and General Aviation
errors follow: Fixed Based Operations.
• When client or intruder aircraft maneuver
excessively or abruptly, the tracking algorithm
may report incorrect horizontal position until the
maneuvering aircraft stabilizes.
• When a rapidly closing intruder is on a course
that crosses the client aircraft course at a shallow
angle (either overtaking or head on) and either
aircraft abruptly changes course within 0.25 nm,
TIS may display the intruder on the wrong side of
the client.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
TIS Audio Alerting Altitude trend is displayed as an up arrow (> +500

The TIS audio alert is generated when the number of fpm), down arrow (< -500 fpm), or no symbol if less than
Traffic Advisories (TA) on the GNS 430 display increases 500 fpm rate in either direction.
from one scan to the next. For example, when the first The traffic ground track vector protrudes from each
TA appears on the TIS display, the user is alerted audibly. symbol in the approximate direction of travel.
As long as a single aircraft remains on the TIS display, no
Traffic Type Symbol
further audio alert is generated. If a second (or more) TA
appears on the display, a new audio alert is sounded. Traffic Advisory
Limiting TAs reduces “nuisance” alerting due to Out-of-Range Traffic Advisory
proximate aircraft. If the number of TAs on the TIS
display decreases and then increases, a new audio alert Other Traffic
is sounded. A TIS audio alert is also generated when TIS Table 12-1 TIS Symbology
service becomes unavailable. The volume, pitch, and
duration of the audio alert (including the choice between
a male or female voice) is configured during installation. ‘Own’ (Client) Traffic Advisory ‘Other’ (Intruder)
Aircraft Symbol (TA) Symbol Traffic Symbol
The following TIS audio alerts are available:
• “Traffic” - TIS traffic alert is received.
• “Traffic Not Available” - TIS service is not available
or out of range.
TIS Symbology
TIS traffic is displayed on the GNS 430 unit according
to TCAS symbology on a dedicated Traffic page, and on Traffic Ground
the moving Map Page. The symbology is shown in Table Track Vector
12-1 and Figures 10-2, 10-3, and 10-4. The symbology is Figure 12-2 Traffic Page
described in Table 12-2. A Traffic Advisory (TA) symbol
appears as a solid yellow circle (or half circle on the outer
range ring if the traffic is outside the range of the dedicated
Traffic Page). Other Traffic is displayed as hollow white
(may be configured as cyan) diamonds.
Altitude deviation from own (client) aircraft altitude is
displayed (in hundreds of feet) for each target symbol. If
traffic is above own aircraft altitude the deviation is shown
above the target next to a ‘+’ symbol. If traffic is below Out-of-Range Traffic
Advisory (TA) Symbol
own aircraft altitude the deviation is shown below the
target next to a ‘-’ symbol. Figure 12-3 Out-of Range TA Symbol

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Altitude Traffic Page

Deviation
TIS Traffic data is displayed on the Traffic Page (Figure
12-5) and the Map Page. Unlike other forms of traffic,
Traffic Altitude
Type Trend TIS traffic does not require heading data to be valid on the
Traffic Ground map. If heading is available the Traffic Page is displayed
Track Vector in heading-up orientation. If it is not available, the Traffic
Page is track-up oriented. Orientation is shown in the
upper portion of the Traffic Page.
Figure 12-4 Traffic Symbol Components Heading or
Track Up Indicator
Traffic Type Description

Traffic This symbol (solid yellow circle) is generated
Advisory (TA) when an intruder aircraft approaches on a
course that projects to intercept (defined by
a 0.5 nm horizontal radius and a relative
altitude of ± 500 ft) the pilot’s current
course within 34 seconds. Figure 12-5 Traffic Page
Out-of- This solid yellow half circle appears under
TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response
Range Traffic the same conditions and has the same
Advisory urgency as a TA. Its appearance differs from • AGE - If traffic data is not refreshed within 6
the TA only to signify that the intruder is seconds, an age indicator (e.g., ‘AGE 00:12’) is
outside of the current range of the Traffic displayed in the lower right corner of the display
Page. (when displaying traffic). See Figure 12-6. The
Other Traffic This symbol (hollow white diamond) pilot should be aware that the quality of displayed
Symbol represents traffic detected within the traffic is reduced in this condition. After another
selected display range that does not meet 6 seconds, if data is still not received, the traffic is
the criteria for a TA. (May be configured as removed from the display.
cyan).
Traffic The target track vector is a short line
Ground Track displayed in 45° increments. The vector
protrudes from each target symbol in the
approximate direction of travel. Traffic
Coasting
Table 12-2 TIS Options Banner
and Age
Indicator
Figure 12-6 Traffic Age Indicator and Coasting Banner

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
• DATA FAIL - ‘DATA FAIL’ is displayed when data

is being received from GTX 330 (Figure 12-7),
but there was a failure detected in the data stream.
The pilot should see the installer for corrective
action.
Figure 12-9 ‘No Data’ Message

• OPER - When the Traffic Page displays OPER in
the upper right hand corner of the display (Figure
12-11), the TIS system is in operational mode and
available to display traffic on the Traffic or Map
Page.
Figure 12-7 ‘Data Fail’ Message
• STANDBY - When the Traffic Page displays
• FAILED - ‘FAILED’ is displayed when the GTX STANDBY (Figure 12-10), the TIS system is in
330 has indicated it has failed (Figure 12-8). The standby mode and cannot display traffic data.
pilot should see the installer for corrective action.
Figure 12-10 ‘Standby’ Message

Figure 12-8 ‘Failed’ Message • TRFC CST - The ‘TRFC CST’ (traffic coasting)
banner (located above the ‘AGE’ indicator in
• NO DATA - ‘NO DATA’ is displayed when no data Figure 12-6) indicates that displayed traffic is held
is being received from the GTX 330 (Figure 12-9). even though the data is stale. The pilot should
The pilot should be aware that this status may be be aware that the quality of displayed traffic is
a normal mode of operation in a dual transponder reduced in this condition.
installation where the GTX 330 with TIS is not the • TRFC RMVD - The ‘TRFC RMVD’ banner (Figure
selected transponder. 12-11) indicates that traffic has been removed
from the display due to the age of the data being
too old to ‘coast’ (for the time period of 12-60
seconds from the last receipt of a TIS message).
The pilot should be aware that traffic may be
present but not shown.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Figure 12-11 Traffic Removed Banner Figure 12-13 Traffic Warning Window
• UNAVAIL - When a 60 second period elapses with NOTE: The Traffic Warning Window is disabled
no data, TIS is considered to be unavailable. This when the aircraft ground speed is less than 30
state is indicated by the text ‘UNAVAIL’ (Figure knots or when an approach is active.
12-12). The pilot should be aware that ‘UNAVAIL’
could indicate a TIS coverage limitation due to a Non-Bearing Traffic Advisory (TA) Banner
line-of-sight situation, a low altitude condition, Traffic is only displayed graphically if aircraft heading
or a result of flying directly over the radar site data is available. When heading is not available, Traffic
providing coverage (cone of silence). Advisories are displayed as non-bearing banners. The
banner shown in Figure 12-14 consists of (left to right):
Non-
Bearing
Traffic
Advisory
Banner
Figure 12-12 ‘UNAVAIL’ Message
Figure 12-14 Non-Bearing TA Banner
Traffic Warning Window • The ‘TA’ annunciation.
When the unit is on any page (other than the NAV • The distance in miles ‘1.5’, from the client
Traffic Page) and a traffic threat is imminent, the Traffic aircraft’s present position to the intruder aircraft.
Warning Window is displayed (Figure 12-13). The Traffic
• A ‘+’ or ‘-’ symbol indicating whether the intruder
Warning Window shows a small thumbnail map which
aircraft is above (+) or below (-) the client aircraft.
can take the user to the Traffic Page by pressing the ENT
Key, or go back to the previous page by pressing the CLR • The difference in altitude ‘04’ (shown in hundreds
Key. of feet) between the intruder aircraft and the client
aircraft.
• An up or down arrow indicating that the intruder
aircraft is climbing or descending at a rate greater
than 500 fpm.
SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Traffic Page Display Range TRAFC LBL - Allows the user to select at what
map range the altitude trend arrow and altitude
Various display ranges can be selected for optimal
deviation indicator appear.
display of TIS traffic information.
Changing the display range on the Traffic
Page:
Press the RNG Key to zoom through the range
selections which are: 12/6 nm, 6/2 nm, and 2
nm.
Map Page
Figure 12-16 Traffic Mode Selection Window
TIS traffic is displayed on the Map Page (Figure 12-15)
in addition to the Traffic Page. When a Traffic Advisory Configuring TIS traffic on the Map Page:
is active, the Traffic Banner is displayed in the lower right
corner of the Map Page. 1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map
Page.
2) Press the MENU key. Turn the small right
knob to select ‘Setup Map’?
Traffic 3) The flashing cursor highlights the GROUP field.
Advisory
Banner Turn the small right knob to select ‘Traffic’
(Figure 12-17) and press the ENT Key.
Figure 12-15 Map Page Displaying Traffic
The Traffic Mode Selection Menu (Figure 12-16) allows

the user to choose from the following options:
TRAFC Mode:
• All trfc - All traffic is displayed on the Map Page
Figure 12-17 Map Setup Window
• TA/PA - Only traffic and proximity advisories are
displayed on the Map Page (proximity advisories 4) Turn the large right knob to select the desired
are not applicable to TIS configuration) Traffic Mode option. Turn the small right knob
to select the desired option and press the ENT
• TA only - Only traffic advisories are displayed on Key. Repeat the step for Traffic Symbol and
the Map Page Traffic Label.
TRAFC SMBL - Allows the user to select the map 5) Press the CLR Key to return the Map Page.
range at which the traffic symbol(s) and TA text
appear.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Thumbnail Traffic on Map Page Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page
The Map Page can display traffic in a thumbnail format Panning
in any of the top three data fields on the right-hand side Another Map Page feature is panning, which allows the
of the Map Page. pilot to move the map beyond its current limits without
adjusting the map scale. Press the small right knob to
Displaying Thumbnail Traffic on the Map select the panning function, a target pointer flashes on the
Page: map display. A window appears at the top of the map
1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map display showing the latitude/longitude position of the
Page. pointer, plus the bearing and distance to the pointer from
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Page the present position.
Menu. Activating the panning feature and panning
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Change the map display:
Fields?’ and press the ENT Key. 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
4) Select one of the top three configurable fields. panning target pointer.
Select ‘TRFC’ from the Select Field Type List and 2) Turn the small right knob to move up (turn
press the ENT Key. Note that the thumbnail clockwise) or down (counterclockwise).
range defaults to 6 nm and cannot be changed
3) Turn the large right knob to move right (turn
(Figure 12-18).
clockwise) or left (counterclockwise).
knob.
When the target pointer is placed on traffic, the traffic
range and altitude separation are displayed (Figure 12-19).
Traffic Range and Target Pointer
Altitude Separation
Figure 12-18 Thumbnail Traffic on Map Page
NOTE: To display thumbnail traffic on the

left-hand side of the display, see Setup 2 Page:
Auxiliary Configuration, in Section 8.5.
Figure 12-19 Traffic Range and Altitude Separation

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Power-Up Test 2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘OPER?’.

The TIS interface performs an automatic test during 3) Press the ENT Key to confirm.
power-up. Placing the display into standby mode from
• If the system passes the power-up test, the operating mode (to stop displaying TIS
Standby Screen appears on the Traffic Page. traffic):
• If the system passes the power-up test and the 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
aircraft is airborne (as determined by system cursor, and highlight ‘OPER’.
configuration at the time of installation, see the 2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘STBY?’.
installer for detailed criteria information), traffic is 3) Press the ENT Key to confirm.
displayable on the Traffic Page in operating mode.
• If the system fails the power-up test, one of the Flight Procedures
messages listed in Table 12-3 will be displayed . Once the aircraft is airborne (determined by system
See the installer for corrective action if the ‘DATA configuration at the time of installation) the system
FAIL’, or ‘FAILED’ message is displayed. switches from standby mode to operating mode. The
GNS 430 unit displays OPER in the upper right hand
Message Description corner of the display and begins to display traffic on the
FAILED GTX 330 has failed Traffic or Map Page.
The TIS Traffic Advisory (TA) should alert the crew to
Data is being received from the GTX 330,
DATA FAIL use additional vigilance to identify the intruding aircraft.
but a failure was detected in the datastream
Any time the traffic symbol becomes a yellow circle or
NO DATA Data is not being received from the GTX 330 a voice warning is announced, conduct a visual search
Table 12-3 Power-up Messages for the intruder. If successful, maintain visual contact to
NOTE: ‘NO DATA’ may be a normal mode of ensure safe operation. See pages 10-5, 10-6, and 10-7 for
operation in a dual transponder installation a description of pilot responses to TIS display messages.
where the GTX 330 with TIS is not the selected
transponder.
After Landing
Once the aircraft is on ground (determined by system
Manual Override configuration at the time of installation) the system
The user can manually switch between standby (STBY) switches from operating mode to standby mode. The
and operating (OPER) modes of operation to manually GNS 430 unit displays ‘STBY’. As described previously,
override automatic operation. both the standby and operating modes can be manually
overridden by the display controls.
Placing the display into operating mode
from the standby mode (to display TIS
traffic):
cursor, and highlight ‘STBY’.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
12.2 GTS 8XX Traffic systems System Description

Introduction The GNS 430 provides an optional display interface for
All information in this section pertains to the display and the GTS 8XX Traffic Advisory (TAS) and Traffic Collision
control of the Garmin GNS 430/GTS 8XX interface, refer to Avoidance (TCAS I) Systems. The GTS 800 and GTS
the 400/500 Series Display Interfaces Pilot’s Guide Addendum 820 are TAS systems, the GTS 850 is a TSO-Certified
(190-00140-10) when interfacing with non-Garmin products TCAS I system. The GTS 8XX uses active interrogations of
Mode A/C/S (GTS 820 and GTS 850 only) and Mode A/C
WARNING: The GTS 8XX interface is intended transponders to provide Traffic Advisories to the GNS 430.
for advisory use only to aid the pilot in visually The GTS 8XX is an active traffic advisory system that
acquiring traffic. No avoidance maneuvers
operates as an aircraft-to-aircraft interrogation device. The
should be based solely upon TAS or TCAS I traffic
information. It is the responsibility of the pilot in GTS 8XX monitors the airspace surrounding an aircraft,
command to see and manuever to avoid traffic. and advises the flight crew where to look for transponder-
equipped aircraft that may pose a collision threat. When
NOTE: This section assumes the user has the GTS 8XX receives replies to its interrogations, it
experience operating the GNS 430 and the computes the responding aircraft’s range, bearing, relative
GTS 8XX. altitude, and closure rate. The GTS 8XX then determines
NOTE: References to the GTS 8XX throughout the advisory status of the target and sends the location
this document refer equally to the GTS 800, GTS information and alert status to the GNS 430 for display.
820, and GTS 850 unless otherwise noted. The GTS 800 is capable of tracking up to 45 Mode
A/C/S intruders. The GTS 820/850 is capable of tracking
NOTE: TIS is disabled when a GTS 8XX unit is up to 45 Mode A/C plus 30 Mode S intruders. Up to 30
installed. of the most threatening targets are displayed.
Symbol Traffic Type Description
A TA (Traffic Advisory) is generated when the GTS 8XX predicts that an intruder aircraft may
Traffic pose a collision threat. A solid yellow circle represents an intruder aircraft that meets the TA
Advisory (TA) criteria as described in the TA Alerting Conditions section. A TA consists of the traffic symbol
and an aural alert (e.g., “traffic, 12 o’clock, high, 3 miles”).
Out-of- This solid yellow half circle appears (on the outer range ring) under the same conditions and
Range Traffic has the same urgency as a TA. Its appearance differs from the TA only to signify that the
Advisory intruder is outside of the current range of the Traffic Page.
Proximity Advisories (PA) are displayed as solid white (may be configured as cyan) diamonds.
Proximity
PAs are defined as traffic within the 6.0-nm range, within ±1200 ft. of altitude separation, and
Advisory (PA)
are not a traffic advisory (TA).
The hollow white (may be confiugred as cyan) diamond represents traffic detected within the
Other Traffic
selected display range that does not meet the criteria for a TA or a PA and does not pose an
Symbol
immediate collision threat.
Table 12-4 TAS/TCAS Symbology
SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Pilots should be aware of TAS/TCAS system In all other conditions, Level B (greater sensitivity) TA
limitations. If an intruder transponder does not respond sensitivity is used to assess TA threats.
to interrogations due to antenna shading or marginal
Traffic Symbology
transponder performance, it will not be displayed, or
Traffic information from the GTS 8XX is displayed
display may be intermittent. Pilots should remain vigilant
on the GNS 430 unit using TAS/TCAS symbology (Table
for traffic at all times when using TAS/TCAS systems for
12-4) on a dedicated Traffic page, and on the moving Map
non-transponder equipped airplanes or unresponsive
Page. The displayed traffic information generally includes
airplanes.
the relative range, bearing, and altitude of intruder aircraft.
TCAS I Surveillance Volume The GTS 8XX also generates aural announcements heard
Top and bottom mounted antennas allow an active on the cockpit audio system.
surveillance range of up to 12 nm (GTS 800) or 40 nm Target altitude relative to own aircraft altitude (relative
(GTS 820/850) in the forward direction, and somewhat altitude) is displayed (in hundreds of feet) for each target
reduced ranges to the sides and aft of own aircraft due symbol (Figure 12-20). If traffic is above own aircraft altitude
to the directional interrogation patterns. Interference the relative altitude is shown above the target next to a ‘+’
limiting in GTS 820/850 units may automatically reduce symbol. If traffic is below own aircraft altitude the relative
range in high density traffic areas. altitude is shown below the target next to a ‘-’ symbol.
Altitude trend (Figure 12-20) is displayed as an up
TA Alerting Conditions arrow (≥ +500 fpm), down arrow (≤ -500 fpm), or no
The GTS 8XX automatically adjusts its TA sensitivity level symbol if less than 500 fpm rate in either direction.
(Table 12-5) to reduce the likelihood of nuisance TA alerting Relative
during flight phases likely to be near airports. Sensitivity Altitude
Level A (less sensitivity) TA is used when the aircraft’s radar Traffic Altitude
Type Trend
altimeter (if equipped) indicates own altitude is less than
2000 feet AGL. If no radar altimeter is present, Sensitivity
Level A is active when the landing gear is extended. Level A
is also active when groundspeed is less than 120 knots with
no radar altimeter present in a fixed gear aircraft. Figure 12-20 Traffic Symbol Components
Sensitivity Intruder
Level Altitude TA Alerting Conditions
Available
Intruder closing rate provides less than 20 seconds of vertical and horizontal separation.
A Yes Or:
Intruder range is within 0.2 nm and vertical separation is within 600 feet.
A No Intruder closing rate is less than 15 seconds.
Intruder closing rate provides less than 30 seconds of vertical and horizontal separation.
B Yes Or:
Intruder range is within 0.55 nm and vertical separation is within 800 feet.
B No Intruder closing rate is less than 20 seconds.
Table 12-5 TA Sensitivity Level and TA Alerting Criteria

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Aural Alerts
A TA consists of a displayed traffic symbol (solid yellow
circle) and an aural alert. The aural alert announces
“traffic”, followed by the intruder aircraft’s position,
altitude relative to own aircraft (“high”, “low”, or “same
altitude”), and distance from own aircraft; e.g. “traffic, 12
o’clock, high, 3 miles”.
Figure 12-21 Standby Mode
Self-Test
The GTS 8XX automatically performs a self-test upon User-initiated Test
power up. The self-test checks internal parameters and In addition to the power-up test, the GTS 8XX performs
calibrates components of the GTS 8XX. The self-test can self-tests during normal operation. A self-test is performed
also be initiated by the user during normal operation. once per minute to verify that the antenna is connected.
Check for the following test criteria on the Traffic Page Also, a calibration is performed at varying intervals based
during power-up: on time and temperature. A user-initiated test of the
• If the GTS 8XX passes the power-up test; and GTS 8XX interface can also be performed. The test criteria
the aircraft both has a squat switch and is on the are identical to the power up self-test, although the user-
ground, the Standby Screen is displayed (Figure initiated test is concluded by an aural pass/fail message.
12-21).
NOTE: A user-initiated test can only be performed
• If the GTS 8XX passes the power-up test and the when in standby or failed mode.
aircraft both has a squat switch and is airborne,
the Traffic Page is displayed on the 6-nm display Performing a user-initiated test:
range and in the normal altitude display mode. 1) Turn the small right knob to select the Traffic
• If the GTS 8XX passes the power-up test and the Page.
aircraft does not have a squat switch, the Standby 2) From the Traffic Page, press the MENU Key to
Screen is displayed (Figure 12-21). display the Page Menu.
• If the GTS 8XX fails the power-up test (as 3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Self
indicated by a FAILED screen), the GTS 8XX is Test?’.
inoperable, see the GTS 8XX Installation Manual 4) Press the ENT Key, ‘TEST’ is displayed.
for detailed information on Failure Response.
NOTE: The FAILED message is displayed when
the system detects an error that prohibits further
traffic display operation.
NOTE: When the system is in standby, the
GTS 8XX does not transmit, interrogate, or track
intruder aircraft.
Figure 12-22 Self-Test Mode

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Switching Between Standby and Operating Traffic Page

Modes Traffic can be displayed both on the Map Page (only
The unit must be in operating mode for traffic to be if heading is available) and on the Traffic Page (Figure
displayed. The ability to switch out of standby into operating 12-23). The orientation source shown at the top of the
mode on the ground is especially useful for scanning the display first uses heading (‘HDG’), then GPS Track (‘TRK’)
airspace around the airport before takeoff. Operating Mode if no heading is available, to orient the display.
is confirmed by the display of ‘OPER’ in the upper right- If the GTS 8XX does not have bearing information for
hand corner of the Traffic Page (Figure 12-23). an active TA, ‘TA’ followed by range, relative altitude, and
Switching to Operating Mode from Standby altitude trend is displayed in the lower right corner. The
Mode: Traffic Banner is displayed if more than one TA with no
bearing info is active, while the TA of most immediate
threat is displayed in text below the banner.
cursor and highlight ‘STBY’.
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘OPER?’. Display Range Traffic Orientation Source Operating Mode
3) Press the ENT Key to confirm and place the

GTS 8XX in operating mode, the GTS 8XX
switches out of standby into the 6-nm display Traffic Banner
range.
NOTE: The GTS 8XX will automatically switch out Traffic Advisory
of standby 8 to 10 seconds after takeoff, which (with no bearing
information)
is determined by ground speed or by a transition Figure 12-23 Traffic Page
of the aircraft squat switch (if connected).
Traffic Page Display Range
Switching to Standby Mode from the Traffic
Page: The display range on the Traffic Page can be changed
at any time.
cursor and highlight ‘OPER’. Changing the display range on the Traffic
Page:
2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘STBY?’.
Press the RNG Key to step through the
3) Press the ENT Key to confirm and place the
following range options:
GTS 8XX in standby mode.
• 2 nm
NOTE: The GTS 8XX goes into standby mode 24 • 2 and 6 nm
seconds after landing, which is determined by • 6 and 12 nm
ground speed or by a transition of the aircraft
squat switch (if connected). This delay allows • 12 and 24 nm (GTS 820/850 only)
the GTS 8XX to remain out of standby during a • 24 and 40 nm (GTS 820/850 only)
touch-and-go maneuver.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Altitude Display Mode

Note: Confirmation is not required, the mode is
The GTS 8XX has four altitude display modes changed immediately when using the small right
(Figure 12-24); Normal (±2,700 ft), Above (-2,700 ft to knob.
+9,000 ft), Below (-9,000 ft to +2,700 ft), and Unrestricted
(±9,900 ft). The GTS 8XX continues to display up to 30 Altitude Display Mode
intruder aircraft within its maximum surveillance range,
regardless of the altitude display mode selected.
The selected altitude display mode (Figure 12-25)
is displayed in the upper left-hand corner of the Traffic
Page.
Changing the Altitude Display Mode:
1) From the Traffic Page, press the small right
knob to activate the cursor and highlight the Figure 12-25 “UNR” Selected
current mode (Figure 12-25). 3) Press the small right knob to turn the cursor
2) Turn the small right knob to cycle through off after the selection is made.
the options. The screen changes to display
the traffic detected within the selected
altitude display range. Refer to Figure 12-24
for information regarding altitude display
ranges.
+9,900 ft
+9,000 ft
+2,700 ft +2,700 ft
Unrestricted (UNR)
Normal (NRM)
Above (ABV)
Below (BLW)
0 ft 0 ft
Drawing Not to Scale

-2,700 ft
-9,000 ft
-9,900 ft
Figure 12-24 Altitude Display Modes

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Traffic Warning Window Configuring Traffic Data on the Map Page

When the unit is not on the traffic page and the GTS Traffic is only displayed on the Map Page if aircraft
issues a Traffic Advisory, the Traffic Warning Window heading data is available.
(Figure 12-26) is displayed, which shows a small The Traffic Mode setting allows the operator to
thumbnail map. When the Traffic Warning Window is choose which traffic type is displayed (all traffic, traffic
displayed, press the ENT Key to display the Traffic Page, and proximity advisories, or traffic advisories only). The
or press the CLR Key to return to the previous page. Traffic Symbol and Traffic Label settings determine the
maximum ranges at which these items are displayed.
NOTE: The Traffic Warning Window is disabled
when the aircraft ground speed is less than 30 Configuring traffic on the Map Page:
knots or when an approach is active. 1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map
Page.
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Page
Menu.
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Setup
Map?’.
4) Press the ENT Key. The flashing cursor
highlights the GROUP field.
Figure 12-26 Traffic Warning Window 5) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Traffic’.
6) Press the ENT Key (Figure 12-28).
Map Page Traffic Banner
A ‘Traffic’ banner will be displayed in the lower right

corner of the Map Page (Figure 12-27) if the Display
Range setting is beyond the Traffic Symbol setting (Figure
12-28), and a Traffic Advisory is active.
Figure 12-28 Map Setup Menu

Traffic Mode option.
option.
Display Range Traffic Banner 9) Press the ENT Key. Repeat steps 7-9 for Traffic
Figure 12-27 Traffic Banner Symbol and Traffic Label.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
10) Return to the Map Page by pressing the CLR Highlighting Traffic Data Using Map Panning
Key.
Another map page function is panning, which allows
Thumbnail Traffic on Map Page changing the map beyond its current limits without
adjusting the map scale. Select the panning function by
Traffic in a thumbnail format can be displayed in any
pressing the small right knob, a target pointer flashes on
of the three data fields on the right side of the Map Page
the map display (Figure 12-30). Also a window appears at
(Figure 12-29).
the top of the map display showing the latitude/longitude
Displaying Thumbnail Traffic on the Map position of the pointer, and the bearing and distance to
Page the pointer from the present position.
1) Turn the small right knob to select the Map Selecting the panning function and panning
Page. the map display:
2) Press the MENU Key to display the Page 1) Press the small right knob to activate the
Menu. panning target pointer (Figure 12-30).
3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Change
Fields?’.
4) Press the ENT Key.
5) Turn the large right knob to select one of the
three fields.
6) Turn the small right knob to select ‘TRFC’ from
the Select Field Type List.
7) Press the ENT Key. (Figure 12-29) Figure 12-30 Panning the Map Display
2) Turn the small right knob clockwise to move

up, or counterclockwise to move down.
3) Turn the large right knob clockwise to move
right, or counterclockwise to move left.
Figure 12-29 Thumbnail Traffic on Map Page knob.
When the target pointer is placed on traffic, the traffic
range and altitude deviation are displayed (Figure 12-30).
Note: The thumbnail range defaults to 6 nm and The traffic is identified as:
cannot be changed.
• TA: Traffic Advisory
• PA: Proximity Advisory
• TRFC: Other Traffic

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
12.3 WEATHER DATA LINK INTERFACE around for delivery to ORBCOMM in less than
five seconds (ORBCOMM is a provider of global
This section is written for: messaging services using a constellation of 26
• Garmin GNS 430 Main System Software Version low-Earth orbiting satellites). The message is
5.01 and later relayed from the satellites to the GDL 49 aboard
• GDL 49 Main Software Version 2.03 and later the aircraft. Once the GDL 49 receives the
• GDL 69/69A Main Software Version 2.14 and later message, it is displayed on the GNS 430 unit.
Some differences in operation may be observed when • GDL 69/69A - NEXRAD and METAR data
comparing the information in this manual to earlier or is collected by the National Weather Service
later software versions. and disseminated to WxWorks™, a weather
NOTE: This section is written exclusively for information provider. This data is then delivered
GNS 430 units that are configured with the GDL to XM Satellite for rebroadcast. Data from two
49 or GDL 69(A) Data Link Satellite Receiver. XM satellites is then made immediately available
Refer to the 400/500 Series Display Interfaces to XM customers. The GDL 69/69A receives
Pilot’s Guide Addendum (190-00140-10) when streaming weather data, processes the data, then
interfacing with non-Garmin products. sends it to the GNS 430 unit for display.
Introduction Functions provided by the Weather Data Link system

include:
GNS 430 units can interface with the GDL 49 or the
GDL 69/69A. The GNS 430 unit provides the display and • Request for and display of NEXRAD radar
control interface for the textual and graphical weather imagery.
data link. • Request for and display of text-based METAR
Satellite up-linked textual and graphical weather data.
data is received by the GDL 49 on a request/reply basis. • Request for and display of a compressed form of
Transmissions are made using bursts of compressed METAR data that allows icon representations at
data at a rate of 4800 bps. Weather data transmissions reporting stations on a moving map indicating
are streamed directly to the GDL 69/69A from the XM visibility, ceiling, etc.
Satellite Radio network.
The following operational differences are noted • Position tracking services are provided through
between the GDL 69/69A and the GDL 49. periodic position report transmissions from the
GNS 430 unit (available with GDL 49 only).
• GDL 49 - NEXRAD and METAR data is collected
by the National Weather Service and disseminated
to Meteorlogix™, a weather information provider.
This data is then delivered to a weather server
in the Echo Flight Message System. With
the weather data on the system, an incoming
customer request is filled, logged, and turned

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Weather Products NEXRAD Limitations

The following weather products are available for CAUTION: NEXRAD weather data is to be used
display on the GNS 430 unit via the Weather Data Link for long-range planning purposes only. Due to
interface: inherent delays and relative age of the data
• NEXRAD Data that can be experienced, NEXRAD weather data
cannot be used for short-range avoidance of
• Graphical METAR Data weather.
• Text-based METAR Data
Certain limitations exist regarding the NEXRAD
• Graphical Temperature/Dewpoint Data
radar displays. Some, but not all, are listed for the user’s
• Graphical Wind Data awareness:
NEXRAD Description • NEXRAD base reflectivity does not provide
sufficient information to determine cloud layers or
WSR-88D weather surveillance radar or NEXRAD
precipitation characteristics (hail vs. rain, etc.).
(NEXt generation RADar) is a Doppler radar system that
has greatly improved the detection of meteorological • NEXRAD base reflectivity is sampled at the
events such as thunderstorms, tornadoes, and hurricanes. minimum antenna elevation angle. An individual
An extensive network of NEXRAD stations provides NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude storms
almost complete radar coverage of the continental United at close ranges, and has no information about
States, Alaska, and Hawaii. The range of each NEXRAD storms directly over the site.
station is 124 nautical miles. • NEXRAD resolution varies, depending on the
amount and complexity of the weather data being
NEXRAD Abnormalities
received. The displayed NEXRAD data will reflect
There are possible abnormalities regarding displayed the highest intensity level sampled within a 4 sq
NEXRAD images. Some, but not all, of those include: km area (depending on available system memory).
• Ground clutter
• Spurious radar data
• Sun strobes, when the radar antenna points
directly at the sun
• Military aircraft deploy metallic dust (chaff) which
can cause alterations in radar scans
• Interference from buildings or mountains, which
may cause shadows

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
NEXRAD Intensity
Colors are used to identify the different NEXRAD echo intensities (reflectivity) measured in dBZ (decibels of Z).
Reflectivity (designated by the letter Z) is the amount of transmitted power returned to the radar receiver. The dBZ values
increase as returned signal strength increases. Precipitation intensity is displayed on the GNS 430 units using colors
represented by the dBZ values listed in Table 12-6.
Display dBZ Rain Snow Source of NEXRAD Echo
GDL 49 GDL 69 (inches/hour) (inches/hour) Atmos Cloud Rain Snow Sleet Hail
<-10 .00 .00 √
-10 .00 .00 √ √
-5 .00 trace √ √
0 .00 trace - .05 √ √ Very Light
GREEN 5 .00 trace - .10 √ √ Light
GREEN 10 0 – trace .10 √ √ Light Light
15 .01 .1-.2 Light Light
20 .02 .2-.3 Light Light
25 .05 .3-.5 Light Light – Medium
YELLOW YELLOW 30 .09 .5-.7 Light – Moderate Moderate
35 .24 .7-1.0 Moderate Heavy √
40 .48 >1 or sleet Heavy Heavy √
RED RED 45 1.25 >1 or sleet Heavy Heavy √
50 2.5 sleet Intense √ √
55 5.7 sleet Extreme √ √
60 12.7 Extreme √
65 Extreme √
70 Large
75 Large
Table 12-6 NEXRAD Intensity Colors

NOTE: The information presented in this Pilot’s Guide regarding NEXRAD is not meant to be comprehensive.
The NOAA website (www.noaa.gov) contains complete and detailed information regarding NEXRAD weather
radar operation and theory.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Requesting NEXRAD Data The NEXRAD Request Page has the following user-
selectable fields:
NEXRAD data can be requested from the Data Link
Page or the Map Page. • Center - This field allows the pilot to specify
reference points for the request. The following
Requesting NEXRAD data from the Data
five options are available for the ‘Center’ field:
Link Page:
1) Select the Data Link Page from the AUX Page ♦ Current Position - Request NEXRAD data from
Group. the aircraft’s current position.
2) Press the small right knob to activate the ♦ Look Ahead - Request NEXRAD data ahead of
cursor. ‘NexRad Request’ is highlighted (Figure (along) the current route.
12-31). ♦ From ID - Request NEXRAD data from a
specific waypoint identifier. If ‘From ID’ is
selected as the reference point for the request,
the ‘WPT’ field is displayed (in place of
‘Position’). The ‘WPT’ field is used to enter a
waypoint identifier as the reference point for
the request.
♦ From Lat/Lon - Request NEXRAD data from
Figure 12-31 Data Link Page (GDL 69) a specific latitude and longitude. This is only
selectable when requesting from the map. The
3) Press the ENT Key. The NEXRAD Request Page ‘Position’ field displays the position of the map
(see Figure 12-32) is displayed. cursor and cannot be edited.
♦ From Flight Plan - Request NEXRAD data from
one of the waypoints in the active flight plan.
This is only selectable when an active Flight
Plan has been selected. The ‘Flight Plan’ field
(displayed in place of ‘Position’) is used to select
which waypoint in the active flight plan to use
as the reference point for the request.
Figure 12-32 NEXRAD Request Page (GDL 69) • Radius - This field selects a request radius from 50
to 250 nautical miles from the selected position.
• Position (also WPT or Flight Plan) - ‘Current
Posn’-Position is current, ‘Look Ahead’-Position is
look ahead position. ‘From ID’-Position is from
the ID entered into the WPT field. ‘Flight Plan’ is
the ID selected from the active flight plan.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
• Auto Request (GDL 49 Only) - This field is Requesting NEXRAD data from the Map
used to set the time interval for the GDL 49 to Page:
automatically send a NEXRAD data request. The 1) Select the Map Page.
time options are OFF, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30
2) Press the MENU Key. The Map Page Options
min, 45 min, and 1 hour. When an auto request
Menu is displayed.
time is selected, the first request is sent after the
specified time has elapsed from when the field 3) Select ‘Request NEXRAD?’ (Figure 12-33) and
was set (as opposed to immediately sending a press the ENT Key.
request).
NOTE: It is recommended that the pilot turn the

Auto Request function on by setting it to ‘10 min’
updates. This setting provides best performance
for the GDL 49.
• The ‘Manual Send?’ (GDL 49) or ‘Update

Figure 12-33 Map Page Options Menu
Request?’ (GDL 69) field is used to request
NEXRAD Data.
4) Follow the preceding steps 4 - 6.
4) Use the small and large right knobs to select
the desired data (listed on preceding page) NOTE: The pilot may also use the map panning
and the ENT Key to enter the data into the function to request NEXRAD data at a specific
map position. After panning and selecting a
appropriate fields on the NEXRAD Request
position on the map, the pilot can press the
Page. MENU Key and request the NEXRAD data.
5) Select ‘Manual Send?’ or ‘Update Request?’
and press the ENT Key. The request has been Data Received Message (GDL 49 Only)
sent. Note that selecting ‘Auto Request’ When the request has been answered, the message
and pressing the ENT Key does not send the annunciator (MSG) flashes to alert the pilot to one of
request until after the auto time period. the following messages depending on the type of data
6) To exit from the NEXRAD Request Page, press received:
the small right knob. The Data Link Page is
• New NEXRAD Received
displayed.
• New Graphic METAR Received
• New Text METAR Received

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Displaying NEXRAD Data on the Weather Page Customizing NEXRAD Data on the Weather
Page
To display NEXRAD Data on the Weather
Page: The pilot can customize the NEXRAD data on the
Weather Page from the Page Options Menu.
1) Select the NAV Weather Page (Figure 12-34)
using the small and large right knobs. When Customizing the NEXRAD data on the
the GNS 430 unit is configured with the Data Weather Page:
Link interface, the Weather Page is the third 1) From the Weather Page, press the MENU Key
page in the NAV Page Group (it is the fourth to display the NAV Weather Page Options
page if a traffic sensor is also configured). Menu.
2) Select from the following options to customize
the NEXRAD data:
• View 120°?/View 360°? - There are two
viewing options available, each shown relative
to the position of the aircraft. When the MENU
Key is pressed, the alternate selection is shown.
Use this option to switch between a radar-like,
Figure 12-34 NEXRAD Data on Weather Page
120° display of the data, and the default 360°
display.
2) Press the small right knob. The upper left hand
• Request NEXRAD?/Request METAR? - This
corner field flashes.
option is a link to either the NEXRAD or METAR
3) Turn small right knob and select ‘NEXRAD’. Request Pages, depending on which is currently
4) Press the small right knob. displayed on the Weather Page.
• Display Legend? - This option is a link to the
Weather Legend Page. See the Weather Legend
Page paragraph following in this section.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Displaying NEXRAD Data on the Map Page Precipitation Pattern Color

When NEXRAD data is received, it is displayed on the Intensity – Map
Map Page, in addition to the Weather Page and the Default Configuration
NAV Page.
Light Precipitation –
Customizing NEXRAD Data on the Map Page Green
Low
(sparse dotted area fill)
The pilot can customize NEXRAD data on the Map
Page by using the Page Menu. Light Precipitation –
Green
Customizing the Map Page: Medium Density
(dense dotted area fill)
1) Go to the Map Page in the NAV Page Group.
2) Press the MENU Key and select ‘Setup Map?’ Light Precipitation –
Green
from the page menu. High Density
(solid area fill)
3) Select ‘Weather’ from the GROUP field in the
Moderate Precipitation
Map Setup window (Figure 12-35).
– Low & Medium Yellow
Density (dense dotted area fill)
Moderate Precipitation
Yellow
– High Density
(solid area fill)
Heavy Precipitation
– Low & Medium Red
Figure 12-35 Map Setup Window Density (dense dotted area fill)
4) Highlight the NEXRAD Symbol field, and use
the small right knob to set the desired map Heavy Precipitation –
Red
range at which to overlay NEXRAD data. The High Density
range values are ‘Off’ to 2000 nm miles. Press (solid area fill)
the ENT Key for the desired range selection. Table 12-7 NEXRAD Density Patterns
Press the CLR Key to go back to the Map
Page. NOTE: If the pilot changes the NEXRAD Density
and/or NEXRAD Symbol fields, these settings
5) Highlight the NEXRAD Density field, use the changes also affect the Weather Page. For
small right knob to set the density desired example, if the pilot selects ‘Low’ NEXRAD
(i.e., the transparency, see Table 12-7) of the Density, both the Weather Page and the Map
NEXRAD cells. The density values are LOW- Page display the NEXRAD graphics in the ‘Low’
MED-HIGH. Press the ENT Key to make the mode.
selection then press the CLR Key to go back
to the Map Page.
SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
The pilot may use the ‘NEXRAD Off?’ and ‘NEXRAD Once the Airport Location Page is displayed, enter the
On?’ fields in the Page Menu (Figure 12-36) to turn off the identifier for the desired airport. Press the MENU Key. The
display of NEXRAD data from the Map Page. options menu appears (Figure 12-37) listing the following
three options:
• Request NEXRAD?
• Request METAR?
• View Text METAR? (if available)
Figure 12-36 Map Page Options Menu
NOTE: If the GNS 430 is configured for

Weather Data Link Interface with a GDL 49 or
GDL 69 , pressing the CLR Key while viewing
the Map Page reduces the NEXRAD density one Figure 12-37 Airport Location Page Options Menu
incremental step. All NEXRAD data is removed
if the CLR Key is pressed while density is set Highlight the desired option and press the ENT Key.
to low. ‘Request NEXRAD?’ and ‘Request METAR?’ options select
the NEXRAD and METAR Request Pages, respectively.
Request Shortcuts ‘View Text METAR?’ selects the Textual METAR Page for
The pilot can quickly select the NEXRAD, METAR, or the desired airport, if textual METAR is available for that
Textual METAR Page for a specific airport from the Airport airport.
Location Page.
Three methods of selecting the Airport Location Page:
• Use the small and large right knobs to select the
Airport Location Page from the WPT Group of
pages.
• On the Map Page, move the target pointer to high-
light an on-screen airport. Press the ENT Key.
• On any page that displays an airport identifier, use
the cursor and highlight the desired airport identi-
fier. Press the ENT Key.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Data Link Request Log Page (GDL 49 Only) Sending Position Reports (GDL 49 Only)
The Data Link Request Log Page (Figure 12-39) is used The Data Link allows for accurate location tracking of
to display the data that was requested. When a request is the aircraft by sending the aircraft’s position manually or
received, a check mark is placed in the box. automatically to the EchoFlight website (www.EchoFlight.
Viewing the Data Link Request Log Page: com) for use by third-party EchoFlight customers.
1) Use the small and large right knobs and select Sending the Present Position:
the Data Link Page from the AUX Group of 1) Select the Data Link Page (see preceding step
pages. 1).
2) Highlight ‘Data Link Log’ (Figure 12-38) and 2) Highlight ‘Position Report’ (Figure 12-40) and
press the ENT Key. press the ENT Key.
Figure 12-38 Data Link Page Figure 12-40 Data Link Page
3) The ‘Position Report’ Page is displayed with the
3) The Data Link Request Log Page is displayed following six fields:
(Figure 12-39).
• Nearest VOR - Nearest VOR identifier
• Distance - The distance from the nearest VOR
• Radial - The radial from the nearest VOR
• Position - Displays the aircraft’s current position
expressed in Latitude and Longitude
Figure 12-39 Data Link Request Log Page

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
• Auto Request - This field is used to set the Requesting Graphical METARs
time interval for the system to automatically
Graphical METAR data can be requested from the Data
send the position. The time options are OFF,
Link Page, Map Page, or Airport Page.
10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30 min, 45 min, and
1 hr. When an auto request time is selected, Requesting graphical METARs from the
the first report is sent after the specified Data Link Page:
time has elapsed from when the field was 1) Select the Data Link Page from the AUX Page
set (as opposed to immediately sending a Group.
report). Note that in order to take advantage 2) Press the small right knob to activate the
of EchoFlight’s Automatic Weather Delivery cursor. Turn the small right knob and highlight
(AWD) service, the time interval must be set ‘Metar Request’ (Figure 12-42).
to 15 minutes.
• Manual Send? - This field is used to send out a
current single position report (Figure 12-41).
Figure 12-42 Data Link Page
3) Press the ENT Key. The ‘METAR REQUEST’

Figure 12-41 Position Report Page Page is displayed (Figure 12-43).
Figure 12-43 Metar Request Page
The METAR Request Page has the following user-

selectable fields:
• Format - This field is used to select between
requesting the raw METAR text (Textual) or
requesting a graphical summary (Graphic) of
several METARs.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
NOTE: Textual METARs can only be requested • Position (also WPT or Flight Plan) - ‘Current
by identifier or by flight plan (if the flight plan Posn’-Position is current, ‘Look Ahead’-Position is
contains a METAR station identifier). look ahead position. ‘From ID’-Position is from
the ID entered into the WPT field. ‘Flight Plan’ is
• Center - This field allows the pilot to specify the ID selected from the active flight plan.
reference points for the request. The following • Auto Request (GDL 49 Only) - This field is
five options are available for the ‘Center’ field: used to set the time interval for the GDL 49 to
♦ Current Position - Request METAR data from automatically send a NEXRAD data request. The
the aircraft’s current position. time options are OFF, 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 30
♦ Look Ahead - Request METAR data ahead of min, 45 min, and 1 hour. When an auto request
(along) the current route. time is selected, the first request is sent after the
specified time has elapsed from when the field
♦ From ID - Request NEXRAD data from a
was set (as opposed to immediately sending a
specific waypoint identifier. If ‘From ID’ is
request).
selected as the reference point for the request,
the ‘WPT’ field is displayed (in place of NOTE: It is recommended that the pilot turn the
‘Position’). The ‘WPT’ field is used to enter a Auto Request function ‘on’ by setting it to ‘10 min’
waypoint identifier as the reference point for updates. This setting provides best performance
for the GDL 49.
the request.
♦ From Lat/Lon - Request NEXRAD data from • The ‘Manual Send?’(GDL 49) or ‘Update Request?’
a specific latitude and longitude. This is only (GDL 69) field is used to request METAR Data.
selectable when requesting from the map. The 4) Use the small and large right knobs to select
‘Position’ field displays the position of the map the desired data and the ENT Key to enter the
cursor and cannot be edited. data into the appropriate fields on the METAR
♦ From Flight Plan - Request METAR data from Request Page.
one of the waypoints in the active flight plan. 5) Select ‘Manual Send?’ or ‘Update Request?’
This is only selectable when an active Flight and press the ENT Key. The request has been
Plan has been selected. The ‘Flight Plan’ field sent. Note that selecting ‘Auto Request’
(displayed in place of ‘Position’) is used to select and pressing the ENT Key does not send the
which waypoint in the active flight plan to use request until after the auto time period.
as the reference point for the request. 6) To exit from the NEXRAD Request Page, press
• Radius (Graphical requests only) - This field the small right knob. The Data Link Page is
selects a request radius from 50 to 250 nm from displayed.
the selected position.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Requesting graphical or textual METARs Displaying graphical METARs on the NAV

from the Map Page: Weather Page
1) Select the Map Page. Once received, graphical METAR data is displayed on
2) Press the MENU Key. The Map Page Options the NAV Weather Page.
Menu is displayed (Figure 12-44). Displaying graphical METARs on the NAV
Weather Page:
1) Select the NAV Weather Page.
2) Press the small right knob. The upper left hand
corner field flashes.
3) Turn small right knob and select ‘METAR’.
4) Press the small right knob.
Viewing graphical METAR Data for a
specific airport from the Map Page:
3) Select ‘Request METAR’ and press the ENT
Key. The METAR Request Page is displayed. 1) Select the Map Page.
There are four user-selectable parameter 2) Move the target pointer to highlight a desired
fields: Format, Center, Radius, and Position airport. Graphical METAR data is displayed for
(see preceding pages for detailed information). that airport in a thumbnail image.
Change the request parameters as desired.
NOTE: For the GDL 69/69A, METAR data is
4) Enter the type of desired METAR Data and the
automatically updated every twelve minutes
desired radius (graphical requests only). from the time of initial request.
5) Select ‘Manual Send?’ or ‘Update Request?’
and press the ENT Key. The request has
been sent. Note that selecting ‘Auto Request’
and pressing the ENT Key does not send the
request until after the auto time period.
6) To exit from the METAR Request Page, press
the small right knob. The Map Page is
displayed.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Weather Legend Page The following symbology is shown for the various
types of data:
The symbology unique to Graphical METAR, Winds,
For METAR Data:
and Temperature/Dewpoint data is displayed on the
Weather Legend Page. The Weather Legend is accessed • Age of Data in Minutes
from the Weather Page. • Ceiling, Visibility, and Precipitation
NOTE: All METAR, Wind, and Temp-Dewpoint • Ceiling, Visual Flight Rules
symbols are depicted at the end of this section. • Precipitation
Displaying the Weather Legend: For Wind Data:

1) Select the Weather Page and activate the • Age of Data in Minutes
cursor. This selects the weather selection field • Winds
in the upper left corner of page.
• Wind Gust
2) Use the small right knob to select METAR,
WINDS, or TEMP/DP. For Temperature/Dewpoint Data:
3) Press the MENU Key. The Weather Page Menu • Age of Data in Minutes
is displayed. • Temperature/Dewpoint
4) Turn the small right knob, highlight ‘Display
Displaying Textual METARs
Legend’, and press the ENT Key. The Weather
Legend is displayed (Figure 12-45) for the Once received, textual METARs are displayed on the
type of data that was selected. Use the small METARs Text Page.
right knob and scroll through the various Selecting the METARs Text Page:
descriptions for the symbols that are shown.
1) Select the Data Link Page.
Press the small right knob to return to the
Weather Page. 2) Select ‘Textual Metar’.
3) Press the ENT Key. The Textual METAR Page
(Figure 12-46) is displayed for the airport
selected. The pilot can enter a different
identifier on the Textual METAR Page.
Figure 12-45 Weather Legend Page for METAR Data
Figure 12-46 Textual METAR Page

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Entering an identifier: 2) Press the small right knob. The upper left hand
1) Select the Data Link Page. Highlight ‘TEXTUAL corner data field flashes.
METAR’ and press the ENT Key. 3) Turn the small right knob and select ‘TEMP/
2) Turn the small right knob and scroll through DP’.
the list of four letter identifiers. 4) Press the small right knob. The Temperature/
3) Highlight the desired identifier and press the Dewpoints are displayed on the NAV Weather
ENT Key. Page.
4) The text box displays the METAR data for the NOTE: See a complete description of all METAR,
selected identifier. Wind, and Temp-Dewpoint symbols at the end
5) To request an updated graphic or textual of this section.
METAR for this airport, press the MENU key
to access the page menu and select ‘Request Troubleshooting
METAR?’. Although it is the responsibility of the facility that
6) The METAR Request Page is displayed. The installed the GDL 49 or GDL 69/69A to correct any
request option is displayed on the Textual hardware problems, the pilot can perform some quick
METAR Page. troubleshooting steps to find the possible cause of a
failure.
Displaying Wind Data First, ensure that the owner/operator of the aircraft
in which the GDL 49 or GDL 69/69A is installed has
Displaying wind data on the NAV Weather subscribed to Echo Flight or XM Satellite Radio for a
Page: Service Plan, and verify that it has been activated. Perform
1) Select the NAV Weather Page. a quick check of the circuit breakers to ensure the GDL 49
2) Press the small right knob. The upper left hand or GDL 69/69A has power applied. If a failure still exists,
corner field flashes. continue to the Data Link Status Page.
3) Turn the small right knob and select The fields on the Data Link Status Page may provide
‘WINDS’. insight to a possible failure. Information displayed at this
page should be noted and provided to the repair station.
4) Press the small right knob. The wind icons are The Connectivity Message table should also provide a
displayed on the NAV Weather Page. clear indication of any potential internal failures. If no
Displaying Temperature/Dewpoints indications exist, check the circuit breakers and electrical
connections to the GDL 49 or GDL 69/69A, and ensure
Temperature/Dewpoints are displayed on the NAV the unit has power applied. Repair stations are equipped
Weather Page. to repair the system, should a hardware failure exist.
Displaying Temperature/Dewpoints on the
NAV Weather Page:
1) Select the NAV Weather Page.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Monitoring the Data Link SAT ID/CONNECTIVITY FIELD

The Data Link Status Page provides an indication of MESSAGE DESCRIPTION
the integrity of the Data Link. The Data Link Page allows ‘_ _ _’ RS-232 communication with the GDL
the pilot to monitor the system and determine the possible 49 has been lost.
cause of a failure.
‘Data Link has There is a disconnect inside the GDL
View the Data Link Status Page: failed’ 49.
1) From the AUX Page Group, select the Data Link ‘Linked to sat’ Can exchange data with the satellite.
Page. ‘Satellite in view’ Found satellite but have not yet
2) Highlight ‘Data Link Status’ and press the ENT identified it.
Key. ‘Searching...’ No satellite is currently in view.
3) The Data Link Status Page (Figure 12-47) is Table 12-8 Sat ID/Connectivity Field
displayed.
• SATCOM Operation - This field indicates the
current activity being performed by the satellite
communicator within the GDL 49. Table 12-9
lists the messages that can be displayed, including
interpretations of the most common ones:
SATCOM OPERATION FIELD

MESSAGE DESCRIPTION
Figure 12-47 Data Link Status Page
‘_ _ _’ Unknown task is being performed,
The GDL 49 Datalink Status Page shows the following or RS-232 communication with the
fields: GDL 49 has been lost.
• TX Queue - Shows the number of requests in the ‘Idle’ Waiting to perform the next task.
GDL 49’s transmit queue waiting to be sent to the ‘Receiving Receiving a response from the
satellite. message’ satellite.
• RX Queue - Shows the number of responses in the ‘Sending message’ Transmitting a message.
GDL 49’s receive queue waiting to be sent to the ‘Sending request’ Transmitting a request to the
GNS 430. satellite.
• Sat ID/Connectivity - Shows the current satellite Table 12-9 SATCOM Operation Field
in view and also indicates the status of the current • SATCOM SER NUM - This field shows the serial
satellite connection. See Table 12-8. number assigned to the GDL 49’s internal satellite
communicator.
• GDL SW - This field shows the currently installed
software version for the GDL 49.

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
The GDL 69 Datalink Status Page shows the following CONNECTIVITY FIELD
fields:
MESSAGE DESCRIPTION
• Sat ID/Connectivity - This field shows the current ‘Satellite in Indicates a signal quality between 1
activation status and signal strength of the XM view’ and 3.
Satellite Radio weather service. Table 12-10 lists
the messages that may be shown in the Sat ID ‘Searching...’ No satellite is currently in view, signal
field. Table 12-11 lists the messages that may be quality is ‘0’.
shown in the Sat Connectivity field. Table 12-11 Connectivity Field
• SATCOM Operation - This field always indicates

SAT ID FIELD
‘Idle’ for the GDL 69/69A.
MESSAGE DESCRIPTION
• SATCOM SER NUM - The first eight characters of
‘--’ GDL 69/69A - GNS 430 interface this field indicate the satellite radio ID number.
communications not yet established. A dash separates the satellite radio ID from the
‘-0’, ‘-1’, ‘-’ = Satellite radio service is not activated. currently installed METAR database version in the
‘-2’, or ‘-3’ Satellite signal quality is indicated by the GDL 69/69A.
numbers 0, 1, 2, or 3; where 0=none,
• GDL SW - This field shows the currently installed
1=poor, 2=good, and 3=excellent.
software version for the GDL 69/69A.
‘XM’ GDL 69/69A not yet communicating with
internal satellite radio hardware (normal
during power-up).
‘X0’, ‘X1’, ‘X’ = Satellite radio service activated.
‘X2’, or Satellite signal quality is indicated by the
‘X3’ numbers 0, 1, 2, or 3; where 0=none,
1=poor, 2=good, and 3=excellent.
Table 12-10 Sat ID Field

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
Standard Aviation Forecast Abbreviations METAR Graphics

The standard aviation forecast abbreviations are listed The age symbols listed in Table 12-13 are common to
in Table 12-12. METARs, Winds, and Temperature/Dewpoint graphics:
STANDARD AVIATION FORECAST ABBREVIATIONS METAR, Winds, and Temperature/Dewpoints Age

‘+’ – (Heavy) ‘-’ – (Light) Graphics
‘/’ – (Missing or separator) Axxxx – Altimeter setting
(xxxx are numbers)
AFT – After BKN – Broken clouds 0 - 10 11 - 20 21 - 30 31 - 60 61+ Unknown
BLO – Below BR – Light fog minutes minutes minutes minutes minutes (Yellow)
(Green) (Green) (Green) (Green) (Yellow)
CIG – Ceiling CLR – Sky clear
DZ – Drizzle FEW – Few clouds Table 12-13 Weather Age Graphics
FG – Thick fog FM – From

METARs
FZ – Freezing G – Gusts
KT – Knots OBSCD – Obscured Precipitation Graphics
OVC – Overcast clouds Pxxxx – Hourly Precipitation Light Moderate Heavy
(xxxx are numbers) (Green) (Green) (Yellow)
PRESFR – Pressure falling PRESRR – Pressure rising No
rapidly rapidly Precipitation
RA – Rain RMK – Remarks Rain
SCT – Scattered clouds SLP – Sea Level Pressure
SM – Statue Miles SN – Snow Snow
TEMPO – Occasionally Trrn – Terrain
TS – Thunderstorm VV – Vertical Visibility Unknown
Table 12-12 Forecast Abbreviations
Table 12-14 Precipitation Graphics

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
The symbol in Figure 12-48 indicates the ceiling at Winds

KMWM is marginal VFR, with heavy snow and low IFR
visibility. The data age is 31-60 minutes old. Wind Vector - The wind vector indicates the
direction of the surface wind to the nearest 30˚
Ceiling and Visibility - Flight Rules increment (e.g. 30˚, 60˚, 90˚, 120˚, etc.).
Wind Speed - In general, the sum of the wind barbs
(see Table 12-16) is the sustained surface wind
speed.
VFR Marginal VFR IFR Low IFR
(green bars) (green bars) (yellow bars) (yellow bars) Wind Speed
Table 12-15 Ceiling and Visibility Graphics (Blank) Unknown
Short Barb 5 kts
Ceiling Precipitation Long Barb 10 kts
≥ 37 kts
Data Age Visibility Table 12-16 Wind Speed Graphics
Station Identifier
Gust Offset
Figure 12-48 METAR Symbol (Blank) Gusts are unknown or < 5 kts above
sustained wind speed.
G10 Wind is gusting 5 - 10 kts more than
(Green) sustained speed.
G11+ Wind is gusting 11 kts or more above its
(Yellow) sustained speed.
Table 12-17 Gust Offset Graphics

SECTION 12
ADDITIONAL FEATURES
To interpret wind speed, add the values of each of the Temperature - Dewpoints
wind speed barbs. In Figure 12-49, there are two long
The Temperature-Dewpoint Range symbols (Table
barbs (10 knots each) and one short barb (5 knots each).
12-18) display the difference between the reported
Thus, the total wind speed is 25 knots. Adding the gust
temperature and dewpoint. Differences are shown in
offset to this figure gives winds gusting to 36 knots. Thus,
degrees Fahrenheit.
the symbol in Figure 12-49 indicates the surface wind at
KFRM is coming from a direction of 300° at a speed of Temp - Dewpoint Display Ranges
25 knots, gusting to 36 knots or greater. The data age is
(Blank) Unknown
11-20 minutes old.
11°+
Gust Offset Wind Speed (Green)
7° - 10°
(Green)
Wind Vector
Data Age 0° - 6°
(Yellow)
Table 12-18 Temp-Dewpoint Ranges

Figure 12-49 Wind Symbol
This symbol in Figure 12-50 displays the difference
between the reported temperature and dewpoint as 7-10
degrees Fahrenheit at KSPW.
Temperature Dewpoint
Figure 12-50 Temp-Dewpoint Symbol

SECTION 13 – FAULT DETECTION
AND EXCLUSION
SECTION 13: FAULT DETECTION 13.1 Detection and Exclusion

and EXCLUSION FDE consists of two distinct parts, fault detection
and fault exclusion. The detection function refers to
Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) is incorporated in the capability to detect a satellite failure which can affect
the Garmin GNS 430 main and GPS software version 3.00 navigation. Upon detection, the exclusion function
and higher. FDE algorithms provide a basis for approval excludes one or more failed satellites and prevents them
per the requirements for “GPS as a Primary Means of from being used during navigation. This allows the
Navigation for Oceanic/Remote Operations”, FAA Notice GPS receiver to return to normal performance without
N8110.60. The oceanic flight phase is used by the GNS interruption. The process is entirely automated and does
430 when the aircraft is more than 200 nm from the not require pilot interaction during flight. On the Satellite
nearest airport. FDE requires no pilot interaction during Status Page, the pilot can view information related to
flight; predicting the capability of the GPS constellation to FDE operation. To enhance safety, FDE functionality
provide service during a flight is done by the pilot prior is provided for other phases of flight (non-precision
to departure. approach, terminal, enroute). The FDE functionality for
non-oceanic flight phases adheres to the same missed alert
probability, false alert probability, and failed exclusion
probability specified by N8110.60.
Figure 13-1 shows satellite number 9 exclusion during
oceanic phase of flight. No message notifying the user
of exclusion appears. In addition to the EPE and DOP
fields, there is the Horizontal Uncertainty Level (HUL)
field which displays a 99% confidence level that the
aircraft position is within a circle with a radius of the value
displayed in the HUL field.
Oceanic Excluded Satellite Horizontal

Mode (Checkered Pattern) Uncertainty
Level
Figure 13-1 Satellite Status Page

SECTION 13 – FAULT DETECTION
AND EXCLUSION
13.2 Pre-Departure Verification of Prior to departure, the operator must use the FDE
FDE Prediction Program supplied with the 400-series Trainer
Software (Figure 13-2) to demonstrate that there are no
Since FDE is based upon the exclusion of “bad” satellites, outages in the capability to navigate on the specified
it is necessary to ensure there will be an adequate number route of flight (the FDE Prediction Program determines
of satellites in the GPS constellation that are still able to whether the GPS constellation is robust enough to provide
provide a navigation solution. An FDE prediction must be a navigation solution for the specified route of flight). The
performed prior to departure for a flight involving: trainer software and the document “400/500 Series FDE
• Oceanic/Remote operation where GPS is to be the Prediction Instructions” (190-00643-00) are available on
sole source of navigation per FAA Notice 8110.60 Garmin’s web site for free download (www.garmin.com).
• U.S. Area Navigation (RNAV) routes, Standard
Instrument Departures (SIDs), or Standard
Terminal Arrival Routes (STARs) if a NOTAM
indicates a GPS satellite (or satellites) is scheduled
to be out-of-service, per FAA AC 90-100 “U.S.
Terminal and En Route Area Navigation (RNAV)
Operations”
Figure 13-2 Garmin 400 Series Trainer Software

SECTION 14 – MESSAGES,
ABBREVIATIONS, & NAV TERMS
SECTION 14: MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, and NAV TERMS
14.1 Messages
The GNS 430 uses a flashing ‘MSG’ annunciator at the bottom of the screen (directly above the MSG Key) to alert
the pilot of any important information or warnings. While most messages are advisory in nature, warning messages may
require pilot intervention.
When the ‘MSG’ annunciator flashes, press the MSG Key to display the message. Press the MSG Key again to return
to the previous page.
The following is a list of available messages and their meanings:
Message Description
The GPS-calculated course is projected to enter a special use airspace within 10 minutes.
Airspace ahead -- less
This message is automatically disabled within 30 nm of an arrival airport, when an approach
than 10 minutes
is loaded.
The GPS-calculated position is within 2 nm of the boundary of a special use airspace and the
Airspace near and
course is projected to enter the airspace within 10 minutes. This message is automatically
ahead
disabled within 30 nm of an arrival airport, when an approach is loaded.
All data referenced to
The GNS 430 has not detected a NavData Card in the left data card slot.
True North
The GNS 430 is configured to receive altitude serializer data (Icarus, Rosetta, or Shadin) and
it is not being received. Or, the data was being received, but has been interrupted. If a grey
code altitude input is available, it is used instead. If the problem persists, contact a Garmin
dealer and check the installation and installation settings. When this message occurs, no
Altitude input failure
pilot action is required if enough satellites are available for a 3D position fix (provided no
RAIM warnings are present). However, if only a 2D position fix is possible, the pilot should
maintain the GPS altitude within 1,000 feet of pressure altitude by entering the altitude on
the Position Page.
The approach could not transition to ‘active’, at 2 nm or closer to the FAF. Verify that ‘SUSP’
does not appear directly above the OBS Key, indicating the auto waypoint sequencing is
Approach is not active suspended. This message also appears if Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)
has determined that sufficient GPS satellite coverage does not exist for the current phase of
flight (along with a ‘RAIM not available from FAF to MAP’ message).
Approaching target The current GPS-computed altitude is within 500 feet of the final Vertical Navigation target
altitude altitude.

Approaching VNAV The aircraft is within one minute of reaching the initial Vertical Navigation descent, or climb,
profile point.
Arrival at waypoint The aircraft is within the arrival alarm circle for the indicated waypoint. The size of the arrival
[waypoint name] alarm circle is defined from the ‘CDI/Alarms’ menu option on the Setup 1 Page.
The pilot has attempted to navigate a flight plan (FPL) with one or more locked waypoints. A
Cannot navigate
waypoint can be ‘locked’ when the NavData Card is replaced and the waypoint(s) does not
locked FPL
exist in the new database.
An attempt has been made to modify the position of the active ‘to’ or ‘from’ waypoint.
Can’t change an active
The GNS 430 does not allow modifications to user waypoints currently being utilized for
waypoint
navigation guidance.
Can’t delete an active An attempt has been made to delete the active ‘to’ or ‘from’ waypoint. The GNS 430 will not
or FPL waypoint allow the deletion of user waypoints currently being utilized for navigation guidance.
The CDI Key is stuck in the enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing the CDI Key again to cycle
CDI key stuck
its operation. If the message persists, contact a Garmin dealer for assistance.
The GNS 430 has detected excessive display backlighting temperature. The backlighting has
Check unit cooling been automatically dimmed to reduce the temperature. Check for adequate ventilation or
check cooling air flow. Contact a Garmin dealer for assistance.
Internal system-to-system communication between the main processor and the COM
COM has failed
transceiver has failed.
Internal system-to-system communication between the main processor and the COM
COM is not responding transceiver has failed. Operational status of the COM transceiver is unknown and the unit
should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service.
The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its communications transceiver. The COM transceiver
COM needs service may still be usable, but the unit should be returned (at the earliest convenience) to a Garmin
dealer for service.
The external push-to-talk (PTT) switch is stuck in the enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing
COM push-to-talk key
the PTT switch again to cycle its operation. If the message persists, contact a Garmin dealer
stuck
for assistance.
The remote COM transfer switch is stuck in the enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing the
COM remote transfer
switch again to cycle its operation. If the message persists, contact a Garmin dealer for
key is stuck
assistance.
The COM Flip-flop Key is stuck in the enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing the COM Flip-
COM transfer key
flop Key again to cycle its operation. If the message persists, contact a Garmin dealer for
stuck
assistance.

The GNS 430 has detected excessive unit temperature and/or an insufficient voltage level.
COM transmitter
The COM transceiver transmit power has been automatically reduced to compensate for the
power has been
condition. For excessive temperatures, check for adequate ventilation or check cooling air
reduced
flow. If the message persists, contact a Garmin dealer for assistance.
The GNS 430 has detected a problem with the NavData Card. The data is not usable and the
Data card failure
card should be returned to Jeppesen or a Garmin dealer.
An attempt to transfer flight plan data during a unit-to-unit crossfill was cancelled. The host
Data transfer cancelled
unit is busy or unable to communicate. Wait until any previous crossfill operation is complete
(crossfill is busy)
before attempting the transfer again.
An attempt to transfer a single user waypoint during a unit-to-unit crossfill was cancelled.
No waypoint was specified on the Crossfill Page. Select a user waypoint and attempt the
(data invalid)
transfer again.
An attempt to transfer data during a unit-to-unit crossfill was cancelled. The database
versions of the two GNS 430s are not identical. If necessary, update the database(s) so they
(version mismatch)
match. Contact Jeppesen or your Garmin dealer for assistance.
Data transfer error, An error was detected during unit-to-unit crossfill of user data (user waypoints and/or flight
please re-transmit plans). The data transfer should be attempted again.
Data transfer is
The unit-to-unit crossfill of user waypoint data has finished.
complete
One or more approaches, departures, or arrivals have been modified from their original
published form. When the NavData Card is replaced (database update), the changes in
Database changed,
the new database must be manually verified. This message occurs each time a flight plan
validate user modified
containing a modified procedure (generated from a prior database version) is activated.
procedures
To eliminate the message, re-create the flight plan from the new database, then make the
desired modifications.
GPS position accuracy has been degraded and RAIM is not available. Poor satellite geometry
Degraded accuracy (or coverage) has resulted in a horizontal DOP greater than 4.0. Additional cross-checking
using another navigation source is required to verify the integrity of the GPS position.
Display backlight The GNS 430 has detected a failure in the display backlighting. The unit should be taken to
failure your Garmin dealer for service.
Do not use for
The GNS 430 is in Demo Mode and must not be used for actual navigation.
navigation

The flight plan (FPL) was truncated because not enough room existed to insert an approach,
departure, or arrival. This message also appears when an approach has been deleted from
FPL has been truncated a stored flight plan because an approach could not be found. These conditions may occur
upon power up when a database change increases the number of waypoints in, or removes
an approach from, an instrument procedure.
FPL is full - remove An attempt has been made to add more than 31 waypoints to a flight plan (FPL). The GNS
unnecessary waypoints 430 does not allow more than 31 waypoints per flight plan.
FPL leg will not be The upcoming flight plan (FPL) leg is too short for smooth waypoint transitions. Expect a
smoothed rapid change in the CDI.
At least one flight plan (FPL) waypoint is locked because the waypoint has been removed
FPL waypoint is locked from the current NavData Card (database change), the data card is missing, or the data card
has failed.
The position data for one or more flight plan (FPL) waypoints moved at least 0.33 arc
FPL waypoint moved
minutes in the current NavData Card (database change).
FPL waypoint was At least one flight plan (FPL) waypoint is no longer available when a new NavData Card was
deleted installed (database change).
The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its glideslope receiver. The glideslope receiver is not
G/S has failed
available and the unit should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service.
Internal system-to-system communication between the main processor and the glideslope
G/S is not responding receiver has failed. Operational status of the glideslope receiver is unknown and the unit
should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service.
The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its glideslope receiver. The glideslope receiver may still
G/S needs service be usable, but the unit should be returned (at the earliest convenience) to a Garmin dealer
for service.
The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its GPS receiver. The GPS receiver is not available and
GPS has failed
the unit should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service.
Internal system-to-system communication between the main processor and the GPS receiver
GPS is not responding has failed. Operational status of the GPS receiver is unknown and the unit should be
returned to a Garmin dealer for service.
The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its GPS receiver. The GPS receiver may still be usable,
GPS needs service
but the unit should be returned (at the earliest convenience) to a Garmin dealer for service.
GPS stored data was Satellite almanac, ephemeris and time data have been lost due to a memory battery failure,
lost system reset, or data expiration (data over six months old).

The heading selection on the external HSI’s (or CDI’s) OBS course selector cannot be read
Heading input failure
properly. A Garmin dealer may need to check the installation.
A GPS-calculated position lies within the boundaries of a special use airspace. This message
Inside airspace
is automatically disabled within 30 nm of an arrival airport, when an approach is loaded.
A closest point cannot be created from the waypoint entered on the ‘Closest point of flight
Invalid closest pt of plan’ window. This occurs when the selected waypoint is beyond the limits of all legs in the
FPL flight plan, too far away, or when a unique waypoint name for the closest point cannot be
created.
Invalid FPL An attempt was made to modify the final course segment (FAF to MAP) of an instrument
modification approach. The GNS 430 does not allow the modifications.
An attempt was made to create a user waypoint with an invalid name. The GNS 430 does
Invalid waypoint ident
not allow spaces between characters in the waypoint name.
MAIN processor The GNS 430 has detected a failure in the main system processor. The GNS 430 is not usable
requires service and should be taken to a Garmin dealer for service.
The internal battery that sustains user memory is low and should be replaced by a Garmin
Memory battery low dealer as soon as possible. Failure to do so may result in loss of stored data, including flight
plans, user waypoints, unit settings, and satellite data.
The GPS-calculated position is within 2 nm of a special use airspace boundary, but the
Near airspace -- less
aircraft is not projected to enter the airspace. This message is automatically disabled within
than 2 nm
30 nm of an arrival airport, when an approach is loaded.
The GPS receiver needs altitude input in order to start and/or continue 2D navigation. Select
Need altitude - display the Position Page and verify the altitude reading. If the altitude is in error by more than
position page 500 feet, enter the current altitude as accurately as possible. An inaccurate altitude directly
translate into inaccurate position information.
No altitude data is being received from RS-232 (Serializer: Icarus, Rosetta or Shadin) or grey
code inputs. If the problem persists, contact a Garmin dealer and check the installation
No altitude input is and installation settings. When this message occurs, no pilot action is required if enough
being received satellites are available for a 3D position fix (provided no RAIM warnings are present).
However, if only a 2D position fix is possible, the pilot should maintain the GPS altitude
within 1,000 feet of pressure altitude by entering the altitude on the Position Page.
The GNS 430 has detected a failure in the built-in basemap (land data) memory. Land data
No basemap data
does not appear on the Map Page. Other unit functions continue to work normally; however,
available
the GNS 430 should be taken to a Garmin dealer for service at the earliest convenience.
Not receiving input No data has been received on the ARINC 429 channel 1 connection for a period exceeding
data on 429 Channel 1 five seconds. If the problem persists, the installation should be checked by a Garmin dealer.

Not receiving input No data has been received on the ARINC 429 channel 2 connection for a period exceeding
data on 429 Channel 2 five seconds. If the problem persists, the installation should be checked by a Garmin dealer.
Not receiving input No data has been received on the RS-232 channel 1 connection for a period exceeding ten
data on 232 Channel 1 seconds. If the problem persists, the installation should be checked by a Garmin dealer.
The OBS Key is stuck in the enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing the OBS Key again to
OBS key stuck
cycle its operation. If the message persists, contact a Garmin dealer for assistance.
The GPS receiver cannot acquire a sufficient number of satellites to compute a position and
Poor GPS coverage
provide navigation.
The GNS 430 cannot calculate a position due to abnormal satellite conditions. The unit is
Power down and re-
unusable until power has been cycled off and back on. Abnormal satellite conditions may
initialize
exist and the pilot may need to use an alternate means of navigation.
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) has determined that sufficient GPS
satellite coverage does not exist for the current phase of flight. (The CDI/HSI NAV flag also
RAIM is not available
appears.) Select an alternate source for navigation guidance, such as the GNS 430’s VLOC
receiver.
When performing an instrument approach, Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)
RAIM not available
has determined that sufficient GPS satellite coverage does not exist to meet the required
from FAF to MAP
protection limits. Select an alternate source for navigation guidance, such as the GNS 430’s
waypoints
VLOC receiver (for a VOR or localizer-based approach).
Although sufficient GPS satellite coverage may exist, Receiver Autonomous Integrity
Monitoring (RAIM) has determined the information from one or more GPS satellites may
be in error. The resulting GPS position may be in error beyond the limits allowed for the
RAIM position warning
current phase of flight. Cross-check the position with an alternate navigation source. If the
warning occurs during a final approach segment (FAF to MAP), execute the published missed
approach.
Scheduler message - The user-entered scheduler message time has expired, and the scheduler message is
[user entered text] displayed.
The GNS 430 is searching the sky for GPS satellite almanac data or the GPS receiver is in
Searching the sky AutoLocate Mode. Allow the unit to complete data collection (approximately five minutes)
before turning it off.
Select appropriate The aircraft is inbound and within 3 nm of the FAF; and the active VLOC frequency does not
frequency for match the published frequency for the approach. Tune the standby VLOC frequency to the
approach proper frequency and press the VLOC Flip-flop Key to ‘activate’ the frequency.

The OBS Key was pressed, disabling auto sequencing of waypoints (in a flight plan or
Select auto sequence instrument procedure). The OBS Key should be pressed again to enable auto sequencing,
mode because 1) no destination waypoint has been selected or 2) the GPS receiver cannot currently
determine its position.
The aircraft is inbound and within 3 nm of the FAF; and the active approach is not a GPS-
Select VLOC on CDI for
approved approach. Verify that the VLOC receiver is tuned to the proper frequency and press
approach
the CDI Key to display ‘VLOC’ (directly above the CDI Key).
The course select for the external CDI (or HSI) should be set to the specified course. The
Set course to [###]° message only occurs when the current selected course is greater than 10° different from the
desired track.
This message appears approximately one minute prior to a turn in one of the following three
conditions: 1) the turn requires a bank angle in excess of 25° in order to stay on course, 2)
Steep turn ahead
the turn requires a course change greater than 175°, or 3) during a DME arc approach the
turn anticipation distance exceeds 90 seconds.
All user waypoints, flight plans, and system settings have been lost due to a memory battery
Stored data was lost
failure or system reset.
Terrain See Section 11.3 for complete list of TERRAIN related Alerts and Annunciations.
The hardware configuration does not match the terrain software configuration. The
Terrain configuration
operational status of the terrain components is unknown and the unit should be returned to
conflict
a Garmin dealer for service.
Terrain configuration
The software has detected a change in the terrain configuration.
has changed
The terrain functionality self-test has failed. The operational status of the terrain components
Terrain has failed
is unknown and the unit should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service.
Timer has expired The count down timer has reached zero.
Traffic device needs Either the TCAD battery or the TCAD interrogation device has failed. If the message persists,
service contact a Garmin dealer for assistance.
The GNS 430 has detected a failure (during initial power up) in its system configuration.
Unit configuration has
Some system components may be unusable. Try cycling power off and back on. If the
changed
message persists, contact a Garmin dealer for assistance.
User card format
A data card has been inserted, but the format of the card is not recognized.
unknown
The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its VLOC receiver. The VLOC receiver is not available
VLOC has failed
and the unit should be returned to a Garmin dealer for service.

Internal system-to-system communication between the main processor and the VLOC receiver
VLOC is not
has failed. Operational status of the VLOC receiver is unknown and the unit should be
responding
returned to a Garmin dealer for service.
The GNS 430 has detected a failure in its VLOC receiver. The VLOC receiver may still be
VLOC needs service usable, but the unit should be returned (at the earliest convenience) to a Garmin dealer for
service.
The remote VLOC transfer switch is stuck in the enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing the
VLOC remote transfer
switch again to cycle its operation. If the message persists, contact a Garmin dealer for
key is stuck
assistance.
The VLOC Flip-flop Key is stuck in the enabled (or pressed) state. Try pressing the VLOC
VLOC transfer key
Flip-flop Key again to cycle its operation. If the message persists, contact a Garmin dealer for
stuck
assistance.
Waypoint already
The name just entered for a user waypoint already exists in memory.
exists
Waypoint(s) have been
One or more user waypoints were updated during a unit-to-unit crossfill operation.
replaced
Waypoint memory is The pilot has used all 1000 user waypoint locations in the GNS 430’s memory. Delete
full unwanted waypoint to make room for new entries.

14.2 Abbreviations CUM Cumulative

The following is a list of abbreviations used on the
GNS 430 and their meanings: DB Database
ACTV Active DEN Density
ALT Altitude DEP Departure
APPRCHING Approaching DIS Distance
APR Approach DME Distance Measuring Equipment
APT Airport DOP Dilution of Precision
ARSPC Airspace DTK Desired Track
ARTCC Air Route Traffic Control Center
ARVL Arrival EFF Efficiency
AUX Auxiliary ELEV Elevation
AVGAS Aviation Grade Gasoline ENDUR Endurance
AVTN Aviation ENR Enroute
ENT Enter
BARO Barometric Pressure EPE Estimated Position Error
BRG Bearing To ESA Enroute Safe Altitude
ETA Estimated Time of Arrival
°C Degree Celsius ETE Estimated Time Enroute
C/V COM/VLOC
CAS Calibrated Airspeed °F Degrees Fahrenheit
CDI Course Deviation Indicator FDE Fault Detection and Exclusion
CLR Clear FF Fuel Flow
COM Communications Transceiver FLOW Total Fuel Flow
CRSR Cursor FOB Fuel On Board
CTA ICAO Control Area FPL Flight Plan
CTAF Common Traffic Advisory Frequency fpm Feet Per Minute
CTR Center (ARTCC) FREQ Frequency
CTS Course To Steer FSS Flight Service Station

ft Feet LOC Localizer

LRES Left-over Fuel Reserve Time
G/S Glideslope Lrg Large
gl Gallons lt Liters
GPS Global Positioning System
GS Ground Speed °M Degrees Magnetic
m Meters
HDG Heading mb Millibars of Pressure
hg Inches of Mercury Med Medium
HUL Horizontal Uncertainty Level MHz Megahertz
HWY Highway mi Statute Miles
MOA Military Operations Area
ID Identifier mph Statute Miles Per Hour
ig Imperial Gallons mpm Meters Per Minute
ILS Instrument Landing System mps Meters Per Second
IND Indicated MSA Minimum Safe Altitude
INT Intersection MSG Message
INTEG Integrity MSL Mean Sea Level
mul Multicom
kg Kilograms
kHz Kilohertz NATNL National
km Kilometers NAV Navigation
kph Kilometers Per Hour NAVAID Navigational Aid
kt Knots NDB Non-directional Radio Beacon
nm Nautical Miles
LAT/LON Latitude/Longitude NRST Nearest
lb Pounds NUM Number
LCL Local
LFOB Left-over Fuel On Board OBS Omnibearing Selector

OCN Oceanic TERM Terminal

TKE Track Angle Error
P.POS Present Position TMA ICAO Terminal Control Area
PROC Procedure(s) TRANS Transition
PROV Province TRFC Traffic
PWR Power TRK Track (also Ground Track)
TRSA Terminal Radar Service Area
RAD Radial twr Tower
RAIM Receiver Autonomous Integrity TX Transmit
Monitoring
REF Reference uni Unicom
REQ Required/Requirements UTC Coordinated Universal Time
RESTRICTD Restricted (also GMT or Zulu)
RNG Range
RX Receive VAR Variation
VER Version
SID Standard Instrument Departure VFR Visual Flight Rules
Sml Small VLOC VOR/Localizer Receiver
SPD Speed VNAV Vertical Navigation
SQ Squelch VOL Volume
SRFC Surface VOR VHF (Very High Frequency)
STAR Standard Terminal Arrival Route Omnidirectional Radio Range
SUA Special Use Airspace VS Vertical Speed
VSR Vertical Speed Required
°T Degree True
TACAN Tactical Air Navigation WPT Waypoint
TAS True Airspeed WX Weather
TAT Total Air Temperature
TEMP Temperature XTK Crosstrack Error

14.3 Navigation Terms

The following navigation terms are used on the GNS 430 and in this Pilot’s Guide. Refer to Figures 14-1 and
14-2 for graphic representation of navigation terms.
WPT 2
NORTH
DTK
VE
RT
DIS
IC
AL
NA
VI
G
AT
BRG TIME AND DISTANCE
OI
TO PROFILE
N
PR
TRK
O
FI
CURRENT ALTITUDE VER
L
XT TIC
E
K AND POSITION AL
SPE
ED
RE
QU
IRE
D
E
L AN TARGET ALTITUDE
RP AND POSITION
S AI
G
DISTANCE TO TARGET
AIRPORT
WPT 1
Figure 14-1 Illustrated NAV Terms Figure 14-2 Illustrated Vertical NAV Terms
Term Description
ALT (altitude) Height above mean sea level (MSL).
BRG (bearing) The compass direction from the present position to a destination waypoint.
CAS (calibrated
Indicated airspeed corrected for instrument errors.
airspeed)
The recommended direction to steer in order to reduce course error or stay on course. Provides
CTS (course to steer)
the most efficient heading to get back to the desired course and proceed along the flight plan.
CUM (cumulative) The total of all legs in a flight plan (cumulative distance).
DIS (distance) The ‘great circle’ distance from the present position to a destination waypoint.
DOP (dilution of A measure of satellite geometry quality on a scale of one to ten (lowest numbers are best,
precision) highest numbers are worst).
DTK (desired track) The desired course between the active “from” and “to” waypoints.
A measure of fuel consumption, expressed in distance per fuel units (e.g., nautical miles per
EFF (efficiency)
gallon).
ENDUR (endurance) Flight endurance, or total available flight time based upon available fuel.

EPE (estimated A measure of satellite geometry quality and additional factors, expressed as a horizontal
position error) position error in feet or meters.
ESA (enroute safe The recommended minimum altitude within ten miles, left or right, of the desired course on an
altitude) active flight plan or direct-to.
ETA (estimated time The estimated time at which the aircraft will reach the destination waypoint, based upon
of arrival) current speed and track.
ETE (estimated time The time it will take to reach the destination waypoint, from present position, based upon
enroute) current ground speed.
FF (fuel flow) The fuel flow rate, expressed in fuel units per time (e.g., gallons per hour).
FOB (fuel on board) The total amount of usable fuel on board the aircraft.
GS (ground speed) The velocity the aircraft is travelling relative to a ground position.
The direction an aircraft is pointed, based upon indications from a magnetic compass or a
HDG (heading)
properly set directional gyro.
Information provided by properly calibrated and set instrumentation in the aircraft panel (e.g.,
IND (indicated)
indicated altitude).
LFOB (left-over fuel The amount of fuel remaining on board after the completion of a one or more legs of a flight
onboard) plan (or a direct-to).
LRES (left-over fuel The amount of fuel remaining on board after the completion of a one or more legs of a flight
reserve) plan (or a direct-to), expressed in time and based upon a known fuel consumption (flow) rate.
Uses Grid Minimum Off-route Altitudes (Grid MORAs) to determine a safe altitude within ten
miles of the present position. Grid MORAs are one degree latitude by one degree longitude
MSA (minimum safe
in size and clear all reference points within the grid by 1000 feet in areas where the highest
altitude)
reference point is 5000 feet MSL or lower. If the highest reference point is above 5000 feet,
the Grid MORA will clear the highest reference point by 2000 feet.
TKE (track angle The angle difference between the desired track and the current track. An arrow indicates the
error) proper direction to turn to reduce TKE to zero.
TRK (track) The direction of movement relative to a ground position. Also referred to as “ground track”.
VSR (vertical speed The vertical speed necessary to descend/climb from current position and altitude to a defined
required) target position and altitude, based upon the current ground speed.
XTK (crosstrack error) The distance the aircraft is off a desired course in either direction, left or right.

Blank Page

APPENDIX A
DATA CARD USE
Appendix A: Data Card Use To insert the NavData or Terrain Data Card
(Figure A-2):
The Jeppesen NavData Card, and the Terrain Data 1) Place the card into the appropriate card slot,
Card (if applicable) supplied with the GNS 430 can be with the label facing to the left and the swing
installed or removed when the GNS 430 is on or off. If the arm handle at the bottom front.
NavData Card is not present when the unit is turned on, a 2) Press the data card into place until it seats on
‘No Jeppesen Aviation Database - Limited to user defined the internal connector and the front of the card
waypoints’ message appears on the Database Confirmation is flush with the face of the GNS 430 unit.
Page. If the NavData Card is removed during operation,
a ‘Data card removed - Unit will restart in 30 seconds’ 3) If the swing arm handle is up, gently lower the
warning is displayed. A counter begins to count down handle and push it into place—flush with the
and, if the card is not replaced within 30 seconds, the face of the GNS 430 unit.
GNS 430 automatically re-initializes. Pressing the ENT
Key will manually re-initialize the unit.
NavData Terrain Data
Card Slot Card Slot
(left-hand slot) (right-hand slot)
Figure A-2 Data Card Insertion/Removal Detail
Figure A-1 Data Card Slot Locations
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference A-1

APPENDIX A
DATA CARD USE
To remove the NavData or Terrain data card

(Figure A-2):
1) Gently press on the tab—using a slight upward
motion—at the front center of the data card.
This partially deploys the swing arm handle.
2) Rotate the swing arm handle upward (and
outward) until it locks into place, perpendicular
to the face of the GNS 430 unit.
3) Grasp the top and bottom surfaces of the
swing arm handle between your thumb and
forefinger, and pull directly away from the
face of the GNS 430 unit to remove the data
card.
A-2 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

APPENDIX B
SPECIFICATIONS
Appendix B: Specifications VHF COM PERFORMANCE

Channels: 760 (25 kHz spacing)
PHYSICAL or 2280 (8.33 kHz spacing)
Unit Size: 6.25’W x 11.00’D x 2.65’H Frequency Range: 118.000 MHz to 136.975 MHz
(159 mm x 279 mm x 67 mm) Transmit Power: 10 watts minimum (430)
Unit Weight: 6.6 pounds installed (3.0 kg) 16 watts minimum (430A)
POWER* VOR PERFORMANCE
Input: 28 Vdc (early 430, all 430A units) Frequency Range: 108.00 MHz to 117.95 MHz
14/28 Vdc (later 430 units)
LOCALIZER PERFORMANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL
Frequency Range: 108.10 MHz to 111.95 MHz
Temperature: -20°C to +55°C (operating range)
GLIDESLOPE PERFORMANCE
(-4°F to +131°F)
Frequency Range: 329.15 MHz to 335.00 MHz
Humidity: 95% non-condensing
INTERFACES
Altitude: -1,500 ft to 50,000 ft
ARINC 429; Aviation RS-232; CDI/HSI; RMI
(-457 m to 15,240 m)
(digital:clock/data); Superflag Out; Altitude
GPS PERFORMANCE (serial: Icarus, Shadin, Rosetta, or encoded:
Receiver: 12 parallel channel PhaseTrac12™ Gillham/Greycode); Fuel Sensor; Fuel/Air Data
Acquisition Time: 12 seconds (warm)
45 seconds (cold) * Earlier versions of the 430 were designed to be used
Update Rate: Once per second, continuous with 28 Vdc power only. For questions on a particular
installation, please refer to a Garmin authorized
Accuracy: Position - 15 meters (49 ft) RMS
service center.
Velocity - 0.1 knot RMS steady state
Dynamics: 999 kts maximum velocity
6g maximum acceleration
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference B-1

APPENDIX B
SPECIFICATIONS
Blank Page
B-2 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
Appendix C: Troubleshooting NOTE: If RAIM is not predicted to be available for

the final approach course, the approach does not
Q&A become active—as indicated by an ‘Approach is
not active’ message, a ‘RAIM not available from
This section is designed to answer some of the FAF to MAP’ message, and INTEG annunciator.
common questions regarding the GNS 430’s capabilities
and operation. If there is a problem operating the unit, Why aren’t there any approaches available for
read through this appendix and refer to the reference my flight plan?
section noted. If the answer to a particular question is
not covered here, use the index to find the appropriate Approaches are available for the final destination
section elsewhere in this manual. If, after reading through airport in a flight plan or as a direct-to (keep in mind
the appropriate reference section, the answer cannot be that some VOR/VORTAC identifiers are similar to airport
found , please see an authorized dealer or contact Garmin identifiers). If a destination airport does not have a
directly at the address or phone numbers listed on page GPS approach, the GNS 430 indicates ‘NONE’ for the
ii. Garmin is dedicated to supporting its products and available procedures—as listed on the Airport Approach
customers. Page (Figure C-1). For more information on selecting an
approach, see Section 6.1.
What is RAIM, and how does it affect approach
operations?
RAIM is an acronym for Receiver Autonomous Integrity
Monitoring, a GPS receiver function that performs a
consistency check on all tracked satellites. RAIM ensures
that the available satellite geometry allows the receiver
to calculate a position within a specified protection limit
(4 nm for oceanic, 2 nm for enroute, 1 nm for terminal
and 0.3 nm for non-precision approaches). Figure C-1 Airport Approach Page
During oceanic, enroute, and terminal phases of flight,
RAIM is available nearly 100% of the time. Because of
the tighter protection limit on approaches, there may
be times when RAIM is not available. The GNS 430
automatically monitors RAIM and warns the pilot with an
alert message (Section 13) when it is not available, and
the INTEG annunciator appears at the bottom left corner
of the screen. If RAIM is not available when crossing the
FAF, the pilot must fly the missed approach procedure.
The GNS 430’s RAIM prediction function (Section 13)
also allows the pilot to see whether RAIM is available for a
specified date and time.
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference C-1

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
What happens when I select an approach? Can I file slant Golf (‘/G’) using my GPS?
Can I store a flight plan with an approach, Yes, the pilot may file a flight plan as /G if the GNS
departure, or arrival? 430 is a certified A1 or A2 installation. If flying enroute,
When loading an approach, departure, or arrival into the pilot may file /G with an expired database only after
the active flight plan, a set of approach, departure, or having verified all route waypoints. Non-precision
arrival waypoints is inserted into the flight plan—along approaches may not be flown with an expired database.
with a header line describing the selected instrument See an approved Airplane Flight Manual Supplement for
procedure (Figure C-2). The original enroute portion of more information.
the flight plan remains active, unless the pilot activates
What does the OBS key do and when do I use
the instrument procedure; which may be done when the
it?
procedure is loaded or at a later time.
The OBS Key is used to select manual (OBS mode)
or automatic sequencing of waypoints. Activating OBS
mode (as indicated by an OBS annunciation directly
above the OBS Key) holds the current active to waypoint
as the navigation reference and prevents the GPS from
sequencing to the next waypoint. When OBS mode is
cancelled, automatic waypoint sequencing is selected, and
the GNS 430 automatically selects the next waypoint in
Figure C-2 Active Flight Plan Page the flight plan once the aircraft has crossed the present
active-to waypoint.
Flight plans can also be stored with an approach,
departure, or arrival. Keep in mind that the active flight
plan is erased when the unit is turned off and overwritten
when another flight plan is activated. When storing flight
plans with an approach, departure, or arrival, the GNS
430 uses the waypoint information from the current
database to define the waypoints. If the database is
changed or updated, the GNS 430 automatically updates
the information if the procedure has not been modified.
If an approach, departure, or arrival procedure is no
longer available, the flight plan becomes locked until the
procedure is deleted from the flight plan or the correct
database is installed. For information on loading an
approach, departure, or arrival, see Section 6.1. See
Section 5.1 for instructions on saving and copying flight
plans.
C-2 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
NORMAL (no ‘OBS’ OBS One application for the OBS Key is holding patterns.
annunciator) The OBS Key is used to suspend waypoint sequencing
and select the desired course along the waypoint side of
Automatic sequencing of Manual sequencing- ‘holds’
the hold. For many approach operations, setting and
waypoints on selected waypoint
resetting of waypoint sequencing is automatic. Holding
Change in HSI does not Manually select course to patterns that are part of an approach automatically
affect CDI deflection next waypoint from HSI disable waypoint sequencing, then re-enable waypoint
Always navigates ‘TO’ the Indicates ‘TO’ or ‘FROM’ sequencing after one time around the holding pattern.
active waypoint waypoint A ‘SUSP’ annunciation appears directly above the OBS
Must be in this mode for Cannot be set for final Key (Figure C-3) to indicate that automatic waypoint
final approach course approach course or sequencing is temporarily suspended and course selection
published holding patterns is not available. If more than one trip around the holding
pattern is desired, press the OBS Key to again suspend
When OBS mode is active, the GNS 430 allows the waypoint sequencing. An example of this operation is
pilot to select the desired course to/from a waypoint using an approach which begins with a holding pattern at the
the HSI (much like a VOR) and display a to/from flag for initial approach fix (IAF). See Section 6.2, Flying an
the active-to waypoint. If an external course input is not Approach with a Hold for more information on the ‘SUSP’
available, the pilot may select the OBS course on-screen, annunciation and approaches with holding patterns.
via a ‘Select OBS Course’ pop-up window. With OBS
mode cancelled, the CDI always displays a ‘TO’ indication
for the next waypoint once the aircraft has crossed the
active waypoint (provided the active waypoint is not the
last waypoint). Refer to Section 6.2 for an example using
the OBS Key.
Figure C-3 ‘SUSP’ Annunciation

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
When should I use the OBS key to return to How do I skip a waypoint in an approach,
auto sequencing, and what happens when I do? departure or arrival?
The most common application for using the OBS Key The GNS 430 allows the pilot to manually select any
is the missed approach. The GNS 430 suspends automatic approach, departure, or arrival leg as the active leg of the
waypoint sequencing (indicated by a ‘SUSP’ annunciation flight plan. This procedure is performed from the Active
directly above the OBS Key; see Figure C-4) when the Flight Plan Page by highlighting the desired waypoint and
aircraft crosses the missed approach point (MAP). This pressing the Direct-to Key twice, then press the ENT
prevents the GNS 430 from automatically sequencing Key to approve the selection (Figure C-5). The GPS then
to the missed approach holding point (MAHP). If a provides navigation along the selected flight plan leg, so
missed approach is required, press the OBS Key to return be sure to have clearance to that position. See Section 5.2,
to automatic waypoint sequencing and sequence the Shortcuts for more information.
approach to the MAHP. See Section 6.2, Flying the Missed
Approach for more information on missed approaches.
Figure C-5 Activate Leg Window
Figure C-4 ‘SUSP’ Annunciation How do I fly the GPS with an autopilot and DG
heading bug?
Why won’t my unit automatically sequence to If the installation does not have an HSI, the pilot
the next waypoint? should make the course selections on the external CDI’s
The GNS 430 only sequences flight plan waypoints OBS knob and the DG heading bug.
when automatic sequencing is enabled (i.e., no ‘OBS’ or
‘SUSP’ annunciation directly above the OBS Key). For
automatic sequencing to occur, the aircraft must also cross
the bisector of the turn being navigated. The bisector is
a perpendicular line between two flight plan legs which
crosses through the waypoint common to both legs.

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
When does turn anticipation begin, and what When does the CDI scale change, and what
bank angle is expected? does it change to?
The GNS 430 smooths adjacent leg transitions based The GNS 430 begins a smooth CDI scale transition
upon a nominal 15º bank angle (with the ability to roll up from the 5.0 nm (enroute/oceanic mode) to the 1.0 nm
to 25º) and provide three pilot cues for turn anticipation: (terminal mode) scale 30 nm from the destination airport
1) A waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK ###°’) flashes in the (Figure C-7). The CDI scale further transitions to 0.3
lower right corner of the screen 10 seconds before nm (approach mode) at 2 nm prior to the FAF during
the turn point (Figure C-6). an active approach. To return the CDI to the 1 nm scale
during a missed approach situation, activate the missed
approach sequence by pressing the OBS Key, as described
in Section 6.2, Flying the Missed Approach. The CDI
scale is also 1.0 nm (terminal mode) within 30 nm of the
departure airport.
MAP
Figure C-6 CDI at 1 nm Scale Approach

0.3 nm
FAF
2) A flashing turn advisory (‘TURN TO ###°’)
appears in the lower right corner of the screen 2 nm
when the aircraft is to begin the turn. Set the HSI 1 nm
to the next DTK value and begin the turn.

3) The To/From indicator on the HSI (or CDI)
flips momentarily to indicate that the aircraft Terminal
has crossed the midpoint of the turn. For
more information on waypoint alerts and turn
advisories, see Sections 6.2 and 6.3. 1 nm
1 minute
30 nm
5 nm
Enroute/Oceanic
Figure C-7 CDI Scale Transition

APPENDIX C
TROUBLESHOOTING
Why does my CDI not respond like a VOR when How do I re-select the same approach
OBS mode is active? or activate a new approach after a missed
Unlike a VOR, the CDI scale used on GPS equipment approach?
is based on the cross-track distance to the desired course, After flying all missed approach procedures, the pilot
not an angular relationship to the destination (Figure may reactivate the same approach for another attempt from
C-8). Therefore, the CDI deflection on the GPS is the Procedures Page. Once given clearance for another
constant regardless of the distance to the destination, and attempt, activate the approach from the Procedures Page by
does not become less sensitive when further away from highlighting ‘Activate Approach?’ and pressing the ENT Key.
the destination. For more information on the CDI scale, The GNS 430 provides navigation along the desired course
see Section 8.4. to the waypoint and rejoins the approach in sequence from
that point on. See Section 4.2, Active Flight Plan Options,
for information on activating a specific flight plan leg.
Activating a new approach for the same
airport:
2 2
nm nm 1) Press the PROC Key.
2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Select
Approach?’.
3) Press the ENT Key.
5 nm 5 nm 5 nm 5 nm
4) Turn the large right knob to highlight the new
GPS VOR
desired approach.
Figure C-8 CDI Comparison 5) Press the ENT Key to select the approach, then
select the desired transition.
What is the correct missed approach
6) Highlight ‘Activate?’ at the bottom right corner
procedure? How do I select the missed of the screen and press the ENT Key to activate
approach holding point? the new approach.
To comply with TSO specifications, the GNS 430 Activating a new approach to a different
does not automatically sequence past the MAP. The airport:
active-to waypoint sequences to the first waypoint in the
missed approach procedure when the OBS Key is pressed 1) Press the Direct-to Key.
after crossing the MAP. All published missed approach 2) Select the desired airport using the small and
procedures must be followed, as indicated on the approach large right knobs.
plate. 3) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected
To execute the missed approach procedure prior to the airport, then follow the steps in the preceding
MAP (not recommended), select the Active Flight Plan paragraph to select an approach for the new
Page, highlight the MAHP, press the Direct-to Key, and airport. See Section 5.1 for more information
then press the ENT Key twice. on selecting and activating approaches.
INDEX
A C
Abbreviations 7-4, 7-6,7-8, 7-14, 7-15, 7-17, 14-9 CAUTIONS v
Accessories 1-1 CDI Key 1-4, 6-26, 6-32, 6-33, 9-4, 14-2, 14-7
Activate an existing flight plan in reverse 5-4 CDI scale 3-2, 6-11, 6-15, 6-19, 6-29, 6-30, 10-20, 10-21,
Activate leg 5-10, 5-15, C-4 10-23, 10-24, C-5, C-6
Activate the approach 6-3, 6-4, 6-10, 6-19, C-6 CDI switching 6-33
Activating flight plans 5-4 Ceiling and visibility graphics 12-35
Active flight plan options 5-8, 5-10–5-13 Checklists 1-7, 10-12, 10-14, 10-15
Active frequency 1-9, 2-1, 2-2, 2-5, 6-28, 6-33, 9-1, 9-2 Closest point of flight plan 14-4
Active leg 1-12, 3-2, 5-9, 6-7, 6-8, 6-11, 6-13, 6-17, 6-18, CLR Key 1-3
6-21, 6-30, 6-31, 6-32, C-4 COM Configuration 10-28, 10-30
Airport Approach Page 7-8, 7-10, C-1 COM Flip-flop Key 1-3
Airport frequencies 2-3, 2-5 COM Power/Volume Knob 1-3
Airport Location Page 7-2, 7-4, 8-5 COM volume 1-5
Airport Runway Page 7-5 COM window 1-9, 1-13, 2-2–2-6, 8-4, 8-9, 8-10, 8-13, 9-1
Airport type 7-4, 7-6, 7-8 Contrast 10-28, 10-29
Airspace alert messages 1-17, 1-18, 8-14, 10-22 Copying flight plans C-2
Airspace information 1-17 Course from fix flight plan 6-21
Altitude 3-19, 3-24, 3-23, 3-25, 14-1, 14-9 Creating a flight plan 6-5
Altitude buffer 8-14, 10-20, 10-22 Creating user waypoints 7-19
Annunciator 1-8, 1-18, 3-16, 8-12, 11-7, 14-1, C-1, C-3 Crossfill 3-4, 5-6, 10-2, 10-3, 10-8, 10-9, 10-10
Approach, best available 7-4
Approach procedures 6-1, 6-8, 6-9, 6-13, 6-17, 6-20, 6-32, D
7-8, 9-3, C-6 Database confirmation page 1-6, A-1
Arrivals 1-4, 1-14, 1-15, 5-9, 5-12, 5-14, 6-1, 7-1, 7-11, 14-3 Database subscriptions 1-6
Arrival alarm 10-20, 10-21, 10-24, 14-1 Data fields 1-12, 3-4, 3-6, 3-12, 3-13, 3-19, 3-21, 5-10, 10-5
Auto-tuning 2-3, 9-2 Data Link Request Log Page 12-26
Automatic sequencing C-3 Data Link Status Page 12-32
Automatic squelch 1-3, 2-1 Date and time 10-3, 10-11, 10-18, 10-22, C-1
Automatic zoom 3-9, 3-11 Declutter 1-11, 3-6
Auto request 12-22 Default NAV Page 1-10
AUX Page Group 10-1 Delete user waypoints 14-2
Aviation data 3-11, 3-15 Deleting flight plans 5-5, 5-7
B Density altitude 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-7
Departures 1-4, 1-14, 1-15, 5-9, 5-12, 5-14, 6-1, 6-25, 7-1,
Backlighting 10-28, 14-2, 14-3 7-13, 9-3, 14-3
Bearing 1-6, 1-11, 1-12, 3-3, 3-7, 3-12, 3-13, 3-20, 3-21, Departure time 10-7, 10-12, 10-16
5-9, 5-13, 8-4, 8-6, 8-7, 8-8, 8-9, 8-10, 14-9, 14-12 Desired track 1-11, 1-12, 3-3, 3-6, 5-8, 6-15, 6-23, 6-25,
Bottom row keys 1-4 10-3, 14-7, 14-12, 14-13
Direct-to Key 1-3
Direct-to navigation 4-5
Display backlighting 14-2, 14-3
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference I-1

INDEX
Display contrast 10-28, 10-29 Ground speed 1-11, 1-12, 3-3, 3-6, 3-13, 3-19, 3-23, 3-24,
DIS (distance) 1-11, 1-12, 3-3, 3-6, 5-8, 5-10, 6-6, 6-15, 6-23, 6-25, 10-3, 10-5, 10-7, 10-12, 10-16, 10-17,
6-21, 6-23, 6-29, 7-14, 7-17, 7-18, 7-21, 10-3, 10-7, 14-13
10-25, 14-9, 14-12 Ground track 1-11, 1-12, 3-3, 3-19, 14-13
DME Arc 3-2, 6-14 Gust offset graphics 12-35
DOP 3-22, 3-23, 13-1, 14-3, 14-9, 14-12
Duplex operations 8-10 H
Duplicate waypoints 7-3 HOLD 6-9, 6-11, 6-24
E Hold, in an approach 6-9, 6-23, C-3
Holding pattern 5-15, 6-9–6-12, 6-24, C-3
Emergency channel select 2-5
ENT Key 1-3 I
EPE 3-22, 3-23, 13-1, 14-9, 14-12 Ident audio 9-1
ETA 3-3, 5-10, 10-3, 10-7, 14-9, 14-13 IFR procedures 1-14
ETE 1-12, 3-3, 5-10, 10-3, 10-7, 14-9, 14-13 ILS approach 6-26, 6-28, 6-30, 6-33, 9-3
F Insert the NavData card A-1
Instrument Panel Self-Test Page 1-6
FDE (fault detection and exclusion) 1-8, 13-1, 13-2, 14-9 INTEG annunciator C-1
Field elevation 1-3–6, 7-4 Intersections 1-11, 1-15, 7-1, 8-1, 8-2, 8-6
Flight phases 10-13, 10-18, 13-1 Inverting flight plans 5-4
Flight Planning Page 10-1, 10-2, 10-4, 10-6, 10-7, 10-8 IOI (imminent obstacle impact) 11-5
Flight plans 1-4, 1-5, 1-18, 1-19, 4-2, 5-1, 5-6, 5-7, 10-2, ITI (imminent terrain impact) 11-5
10-3, 10-9, 14-3, 14-5, 14-7, C-2
Flight plan catalog 1-18, 1-19, 5-1–5-9, 6-4 K
Flight timers 10-12, 10-15, 10-16 Keys and knobs 1-2, 1-3
Forecast abbreviations 12-34 Key and knob functions 1-2
FPL Key 1-4
Frequency fields 1-3, 1-9, 1-13, 1-15, 1-16, 1-18, 2–2-5, 3-9, L
3-17, 3-18, 6-2, 6-5, 6-26, 6-28, 6-29, 6-30, 6-33,
7-6, 7-7, 7-9, 7-15, 7-16, 8-4–8-10, 8-13, 9-1–9-4, Land data 1-5, 3-9, 3-11, 14-5
10-28, 14-6, 14-7 Loading an approach C-2
Frequency selection 9-1 Local time 10-22, 10-26
Fuel planning 10-1–10-4 Locked waypoints 14-2
G M
GDL 49 12-18 Magnetic variation 7-15, 10-21, 10-24
GDL 69/69A 12-18 Main page groups 8-1, 10-1
Generic timer 10-15, 10-16 Manual sequence 6-21, 6-24, 6-25
GPS receiver status 3-22, 3-23 MAP 4-1, 6-3
GPS Window 1-9 Map datum 10-20
Graphic “track” indicator 3-19 Map direct-to 3-7
Map orientation 3-9, 3-10
I-2 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

INDEX
Map Page 1-11, 3-5, 3-6, 3-7, 3-9, 3-13, 4-5, 6-7, 6-8, 6-13, NRST Page Group 1-16, 8-1
6-17, 6-18, 6-23, 6-30, 7-17, 7-19, 10-20, 14-5
Map page options 3-9 O
Map panning 3-7 OBS Key 1-4, 6-8, 6-9, 6-11, 6-12, 6-13, 6-17, 6-20,
Map range 1-2, 1-3, 1-11, 3-6, 3-7, 3-11 6-22–6-25, 6-32, 14-1, 14-6, C-2–C-6
Map setup 3-6 Odometer 10-17
Max speed 10-17 Overzoom 3-6
Measurement units 1-5, 10-20, 10-21, 10-24, 10-25
MENU Key 1-3 P
Messages 1-4, 1-17, 1-18, 3-23, 3-26, 8-14, 10-3, 10-9,
10-10, 10-11, 10-22, 14-1 Page groups 1-3, 3-1, 8-1, 10-1
Message Page 1-8, 1-18, 2-6 PDA (premature descent alert) 11-5
METAR 12-18, 12-35 Pointer, panning 3-7, 3-8, 3-12, 4-5, 7-19
Missed approach 4-1, 6-3, 6-8, 6-9, 6-10, 6-11, 6-13, 6-17, Position format 1-5, 10-22, 10-25
6-20, 6-22, 6-23, 6-24, 6-32, 14-6, C-1, C-4, C-5, C-6 Position Page 3-19, 3-20, 3-21, 14-1, 14-5
Mode S 12-1 Power on 1-3, 1-5
MSA (minimum safe altitude) 3-3, 3-19, 14-10, 14-13 Precipitation graphics 12-34
MSG Key 1-4 Procedures Page 1-14, 6-1–6-4, 6-18, 7-12, 7-14, 9-3, C-6
Procedure turn 5-15, 6-4, 6-7, 6-27, 6-29, 6-30, 6-33
N PROC Key 1-4, 1-14, 5-9, 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-5, 6-9, 6-10, 6-14,
6-17, 6-18, 6-24, 6-28, 9-3, C-6
NAVAID iv, 3-10, 3-20, 14-10
NAV/COM page 1-10, 1-13, 1-15, 2-4, 3-17, 3-18, 6-5 R
NavData card 1-6, 1-14, 3-25, A-1, A-2
Navigation terms 1-11, 1-12, 3-13, 14-12 Radar coverage 7-4
NAV Page Group 1-5, 2-4, 3-1 RAIM prediction 10-13, 10-17
NDB 1-11, 1-15, 3-5, 3-20, 3-25, 6-3, 7-2, 7-4, 7-15, 7-17, RAIM protection limits 10-18
7-18, 7-21, 8-1, 8-3, 8-6, 14-10 Reference waypoint 3-19, 3-20, 3-21, 3-25, 5-9, 5-13, 7-17,
Nearest (NRST) Airspace Page 1-17 7-18, 7-19, 7-21, 7-23
Nearest (NRST) pages 1-15 Remove the NavData Card A-2
Nearest airport criteria 10-28, 10-29 Removing approaches 5-14
Nearest Airport Page 1-15, 1-16, 1-17, 2-3, 8-2, 8-4, 8-5, Rename a user waypoint 7-23
10-28 Requesting graphical METARS 12-27
Nearest airspace 1-15 Request METAR 12-25
Nearest ARTCC 1-15, 2-4, 8-9 Request NEXRAD 12-25
Nearest FSS 1-15, 8-2, 8-10 RNG Key 1-3, 3-6, 3-15, 7-5, 7-6
Nearest Intersection Page 1-15 Roads 3-7, 3-12
Nearest NDB Page 1-15 RTC (required terrain clearance) 11-5
Nearest User Waypoints Page 1-15 Runway information 1-15, 8-5
Nearest VOR Page 1-15
NEXRAD 12-18–12-21 S
NEXRAD Request Page 12-21 Satellite Status Page 1-8, 3-22, 13-1
NOAA 12-20 Scheduler message 14-6
Non-bearing traffic advisory 12-7 Scroll bar 1-4, 3-18, 8-4, 8-7
190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference I-3

INDEX
Select approach 1-14, 5-11, 6-1, 6-4, 6-9, 7-10, 9-3, C-6 Transitions 5-11, 5-12, 6-1, 6-5, 6-10, 6-18, 7-8, 7-9, 7-11,
Select Arrival 1-14, 5-12, 6-1 7-13, 9-3, 14-3, C-5
Select Departure 1-14, 5-12, 6-1 Trip planning 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-6
Self test 1-5 Trip statistics 10-12, 10-17
Setup 1 Page 10-20, 10-22, 10-24, 10-25, 10-26 True airspeed 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-7
Setup 2 Page 10-27, 10-28, 10-29 Tuning cursor 1-3, 1-9, 2-1, 2-2, 9-1
Shortcuts 4-4, 5-14 Turn advisories C-5
SIDs 1-14, 13-2 Turn anticipation 14-7, C-5
Signal strength 1-8, 3-22, 3-23
Sky view 3-22 U
Software/database version 10-12 Units of measure 1-5, 10-20, 10-21, 10-24, 10-25
Sort list 5-8, 10-15 User waypoint list 7-22, 7-23, 7-24
Specifications v, B-1 User Waypoint Page 7-17, 7-18, 7-20–7-23, 8-8
Squelch 2-1, 14-11 Utility Page 10-12, 10-14, 10-17, 10-18, 10-19
Standby frequency 1-9, 2-2, 7-16, 8-9, 8-11
STARs 1-14, 13-2 V
Stuck microphone 2-5
Sunrise/sunset times 10-18 Vectors-to-final 3-2, 6-17
SUSP 6-8, 6-11, 6-13, 6-17, 6-20, 6-22–6-25, 6-32, 14-1, Vertical navigation 3-24, 14-1, 14-11
C-3, C-4 Vertical Navigation Page 1-10
Symbols 3-2, 3-5, 3-16, 7-15 VLOC audio 9-1
VLOC Flip-flop Key 1-3, 1-13, 6-29, 6-33, 7-16, 8-7, 8-11,
T 9-2, 9-3, 9-4, 14-6, 14-8
VLOC volume knob 1-3, 9-1
Target pointer 3-7, 3-8, 7-19 VLOC window 1-9, 1-13, 2-2, 3-18, 6-26, 6-28, 7-7, 7-16,
TAS (Traffic Advisory System) 12-11 8-7, 8-11, 9-1, 9-3, 9-4
TCAS 12-11 Volume 1-3, 1-5, 2-1, 9-1
Temp-dew point ranges 12-36 VORs 1-11, 1-15, 3-10, 3-15, 4-2, 7-1, 7-15, 8-1, 8-2, 8-7
TERMS 14-1 VSR 3-3, 3-26, 14-11, 14-13
TERRAIN i, 1-10, 3-14, 3-15, 3-16, 11-1, 11-5, 11-7
Terrain separation iv W
Thumbnail traffic 12-9
Timers 10-12, 10-15 Waypoint alerts C-5
TIS 12-11 Waypoint list 7-22, 7-23, 7-24
Track 1-6, 1-11, 1-12, 3-3, 3-6, 3-10, 3-12, 3-13, 3-19, 3-23, Waypoint sequencing 3-2, 6-12, 6-24, 14-1, C-2, C-3, C-4
5-8, 6-15, 6-23, 6-25, 6-30, 6-33, 10-3, 10-7, 10-21, Weather age graphic 12-34
14-7, 14-12, 14-13 Weather broadcast 7-15
Track (TRK) C-6 Weather data link 12-1, 12-11
Traffic advisory 12-4 Weather Legend Page 12-30
Traffic coasting 12-6 Winds aloft 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-7
Traffic Page 12-5 Wind speed graphics 12-35
Traffic Warning Window 12-7 WPT Page Group 5-15, 7-1, 7-2, 7-16
I-4 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

Garmin International, Inc.
1200 East 151st Street
Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A.
p: 913.397.8200 f: 913.397.8282
Garmin AT, Inc.

2345 Turner Road SE
Salem, OR 97302, U.S.A.
p: 503.391.3411 f: 503.364.2138
Garmin (Europe) Ltd.

Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road
Hounsdown Business Park
Abbey Park Industrial Estate
Southampton, SO40 9RB, U.K.
p: +44/ (0) 870.8501241 f: +44/ (0) 870.8501251
Garmin Corporation
No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road
Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan
p: 886/2.2642.9199 f: 886/2.2642.9099
www.garmin.com
© 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries 190-00140-00 Rev. P

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GNS 430(A)

Pilot’s Guide and Reference

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Revision Date of Revision Description

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference i

Copyright © 2009 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All rights reserved.

NavData® is a registered trademark of Jeppesen, Inc.

December 2009 190-00140-00 Rev. P Printed in the U.S.A.

ii GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION. .......................................... 1-1 SECTION 8: NRST PAGES.................................................. 8-1

SECTION 5: FLIGHT PLANS.............................................. 5-1 SECTION 11: TERRAIN...................................................... 11-1

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference iii

iv GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference v

AVIATION LIMITED WARRANTY

vi GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-1

Figure 1-1 Keys and Knobs

1 COM Power/Volume 7 RNG (map range) 13 OBS

1-2 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

Left-hand Keys and Knobs Right-hand Keys and Knobs

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-3

1-4 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-5

Figure 1-5 Instrument Panel Self-Test Page

1-6 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

NOTE: The GNS 430 can hold up to nine checklists

Figure 1-7 ‘Set Full Fuel?’ Highlighted

2) Press the ENT Key and verify that fuel on board

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-7

Figure 1-9 Satellite Status Page

If the unit can only obtain enough satellites for 2D

1-8 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

Selecting COM and VLOC Frequencies To place the standby communication

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-9

Page Groups NAV Pages

To select the NAV Page Group and display

To select the desired page group:

1-10 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-11

6) Press the ENT Key to activate a direct-to course

Figure 1-19 ‘Select Field Type’ Window

NAV/COM Page A frequency listed on the NAV/COM Page can be

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-13

To display frequencies for a different IFR Procedures

Figure 1-21 Airport Window

1-14 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

4) For approaches, a window appears (Figure Nearest (NRST) Pages

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-15

To display the NRST pages: To view additional information for a nearby

Figure 1-26 Airport Location Page

4) To display runway and frequency information,

Figure 1-25 Scrolling the Nearest Airport List

1-16 GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 190-00140-00 Rev. P

To select a nearby airport as a direct-to Nearest (NRST) Airspace Page

Figure 1-27 ‘Activate?’ Highlighted

2) Press the ENT Key again to navigate to the

Figure 1-28 Nearest Airspace Page

190-00140-00 Rev. P GNS 430(A) Pilot’s Guide and Reference 1-17