ENGINE

GOVERNING
SYSTEMS

LSM200 SERIES

LOAD SHARING MODULE

MEMBER

GOVERNORS AMERICA CORP. • 720 Silver Street • Agawam, MA 01001-2907, USA

 PTI 4100
LSM200 SERIES PRODUCT
TECHNICAL
LOAD SHARING MODULE INFORMATION OCTOBER 1999
MPC

INTRODUCTION Internal power measurement circuits develop a D.C. load sig-

The LSM200 Series controls are multi-function load sharing and nal across the parallel cable proportional to the AC power
power control module accessories. They are intended to be measured. The magnitude and sensitivity of the load sharing is
used with Governors America Corp. speed control units on gen- adjustable through the LOAD SENSITIVITY control in the mod-
erator set applications requiring isochronous paralleling and /or ule. Test points TP1 (+) and TP2 (-) adjacent to this control are
mains power control. Isochronous load sharing is its primary used to measure the polarity and magnitude of the proportion-
function. The LSM200 Series controls have the following capa- al power signal. This measurement is very important when ini-
bilities: tially installing a system and these test points may also be
used in troubleshooting the system.
• Isochronous Load Sharing (0% Droop)
• Reverse Power Monitoring The parallel cable is the interconnection between each gener-
• Forward Power Monitoring ator set. Across this cable, each generator sends its load sig-
• Load Anticipation nal to a common point when the parallel cable’s circuit break-
• Automatic Power Ramping of its oncoming generator er contacts are closed. With all the parallel cables connected,
• Generator Power Ramping to the mains a current flows in the cable that is proportional to any imbal-
• Internal bar graph power measurement display ance of load between the generators. The individual load shar-
• Power measurement with an external display ing modules detect this imbalance, and a correction signal is
sent to each governor to minimize the differences.
Note: The LSM200 Series is presently available in two models,
the LSM201 and the LSM201N. The LSM201 is the latest and Automatic soft loading is a standard feature in the LSM200
current model that meets all the specifications and functions Series modules. The oncoming generator set presets its load
described in this publication and is CE approved. The LSM201N sharing to zero power until the parallel enable signal is given,
is functionally the same but lacks the extra filtering for CE then the unit ramps to equalize the loads of all common gen-
approval. The LSM201 is supplied unless specified otherwise. erator sets. Soft unloading can be commanded via the ILC
(Individual Load Control) terminals from service.
DESCRIPTION
The load anticipation feature (Load Pulse) provides a signal
Load Sharing Mode that is a derivative function of the load. This load anticipation
Engine generator sets with isochronous governors maintain the signal will make the governors more responsive to transient
requested speed very precisely. If synchronous generators are loads on the generator.
electrically paralleled to increase the total generated power
capability, a system to apportion the load is required. Even the Forward and Reverse Power Monitors are provided for con-
finest electric governors will have minor frequency differences venience and protection in the load sharing module. When a
among units to be paralleled, which would cause power varia- reverse power condition is sensed by the internal AC power
tions. In this case, one generator set would continuously measuring circuits, the internal relay contacts are closed.
increase the power it produces, while the other sets would
decrease the power they produce. This condition eventually The forward power monitor has both “ON” and “OFF” set
leads to motorizing one or more generator/ engines. The load points, which may be adjusted independently. The internal
sharing system continuously adjusts the governor speed set- relay can be used to signal different load points.
tings so that no average power difference exists. The genera-
tors are locked together through electrical synchronizing Power Control Mode
torques. They act as though they are tightly connected through Automatic power ramping is a function provided in the LSM200
a gear drive. Series units. Each time the generator is put on-line or taken off-
line, the power can be ramped for a smooth transition.
The load sharing module measures the power that the genera-
tor supplies to the main bus. Voltage inputs accept two ranges Mains Power control is also within the capability of this unit.
of three phase voltage. This covers most all applications (see With a slight reconnection, the unit can request its generator to
table in the specifications). In the design of poly- phase gener- supply a specific power level to the mains. This function can be
ators, the presence of a third harmonic is possible. This odd controlled from local or remote locations. The power transitions
order harmonic may cause errors in load sharing systems. To are normally ramped up and down but may be made faster for
minimize this error and to improve the load sharing, a terminal rapid response.
is provided to connect to the neutral of a Wye configuration gen-
erator. The LSM200 Series of units additionally can be made part of a
larger control system to manage a total power system.
The line current measurements are usually taken from current
transformers existing in the equipment such as those used for Hence this unit can be commanded by other GAC accessories
ammeter circuits. to control the power from a group of engine generators.

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 SPECIFICATIONS

PERFORMANCE

Load Sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustable to within +/- 2% between sets

Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Isochronous and droop paralleling and main power control
Reverse Power Monitor Trip Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustable from -2 to -20%
Reverse Power Delay (Inverse Time Delay) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustable from 0.5 to 15 seconds
Forward Power Monitor Trip Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..“ON” trip point adjustable from 20-100%
“OFF” trip point adjustable from 0-80%
Forward Power Delay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adjustable from 0.4 to 30 Seconds
Power Output Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 to -1 VDC represents reverse power
0 to +6 VDC represents forward power
Forward and Reverse Power Relay Contact Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Form C, 10 Amp 290 VA
Parallel Cable Relay Contact Rating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gold Clad, 1.25 A 60 VA Max.
All Performance specifications are based on 5 amps from the current transformer secondary at full load on the generator.

POWER INPUTS

3 phase AC Voltage signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Two selectable ranges accommodate 100-500 VAC Line to Line
Isolated from battery minus by 5000 VDC
Isolated from case by 1000 VDC
3 phase AC Line Currents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-5 Amps with 1.25 VA requirement
Isolated from case by 1000 VDC
Common WYE connection to battery ground permitted.
DC Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17-32 VDC (Transient and Reverse voltage protected)

Note: Battery (-) On All Sets Must Be Connected Together In Common . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 VDC units available on request.

Polarity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Negative ground case isolated.

Power Consumption-Battery Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 ma
AC Phase Voltage Inputs 2.5 ma
External Power Meter (Voltage Output) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 ma max. current

ENVIRONMENTAL

Operating Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -40º to +80ºC (-40º to +175ºF)

Humidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . up to 95%
Corrosion Resistance and Fungus proof.
All surfaces treated. Circuit boards coated with heavy build of silicon coating on all sides.

PHYSICAL

Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Diagrams 1 & 2

Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 lbs. (1.09 Kg)

RELIABILITY

Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All units 100% functionally tested.

Vibration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5G @ 20-100 Hz

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 INSTALLATION 3 Phase Line Current Inputs
Generator line currents are measured with external 5 Amp cur-
The LSM200 Series Module is typically mounted in the gen- rent transformers. Connect the CTs with the phasing dot/start
erator set control cabinet with the other dedicated control at Terminals 4, 6, and 8 as shown in the wiring diagram. The
equipment. It is best to locate the load sharing, synchroniz- CT circuits are also isolated from battery minus so that they
er, and speed control all together if possible since the inter- may have one side connected to the battery minus if required
connection cable lengths are minimized for the application. The Volt Amp burden of the LSM200 Series
on the current transformers is very small (1.25 VA each).
WIRING
DC Supply Voltage Input
Terminal N must be connected to the neutral of the genera- Battery power, 24 VDC, must be applied to the unit at
tor. When connected, the neutral is still isolated from battery Terminals 24 (+) and 23 (-). The voltage must be in the range
minus but may be connected to battery minus if necessary. of 17 to 32 VDC for proper operation. Connections to the bat-
Electrical connections are illustrated in the wiring diagrams. tery supply must come from connections at the governor con-
Choice of a proper wire size is dependent on the maximum trol unit (see wiring diagram) or ground loops can result in
current expected at specific terminals of the load sharing improper operation. The total current consumption is less than
module. Large gauge wire should be used for CT Terminals 160 ma. 12 VDC units are available as a special order.
4 to 9 as the current can reach a maximum of 5 Amps. Long Note: In compliance with industry standards, all battery nega-
wires with high resistance can add to the burden of the CT tives should be commonly connected.
Shielded wire is recommended for sensitive control termi-
nals, see wiring diagrams. Various Other Signal Inputs
The LSM200 Series units have a great deal of inputs for sig-
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONS naling each function of the unit. All the inputs have some form
of protection built in for misconnection. If the cable attached to
3 Phase Power Measurement these terminals must be shielded, the shield connections are
The power measured by the LSM200 Series unit is the real shown in the wiring diagram. GAC expects that most applica-
power portion of the generator. This is based on the meas- tions will not require additional considerations, since some
urement of just the real power portion of the CT current in applications can experience significant differences in field
comparison to the phase of the generator voltage. A new all strengths of interfering signals, all cables may require shielding
electronic method of power measurement is used as and further precautions. See the CE EMC specifications for
opposed to the transformer and diode switching system tra- more details in PIB4100 literature.
ditionally used. This method provides higher accuracy and
increased reliability. Parallel Cable Function and Its Internal Relay
The load sharing system is based on a concept where each
3 Phase AC Voltage Inputs individual load sharing unit communicates with other units
The generator’s 3 phase voltages are measured at L1, L2 through an analog bus signal. The parallel cable interconnec-
and L3 (Terminals 1 through 3). Terminal N must be con- tion system is the method by which each load sharing unit
nected to the generator neutral. The AC voltage inputs are sends its own signal to an external common node. Any differ-
isolated from the battery circuits for over 5000 Volts. ence in parallel cable voltage sent from one unit to the other
causes an unbalanced current to circulate in the cable. The
CAUTION: load sharing unit senses the imbalance in both parallel cables
HIGH VOLTAGE PRESENT AT TERMINALS N & 1-3. and thus cancels common mode signals. However, the battery
Terminal strip cover must be in place minus (-) of all generators must be connected together to limit
when in operation. high common mode signals. This indicates an unbalanced load
condition. Each load sharing unit takes action to control its gov-
The LSM200 Series has two AC voltage ranges, Low and ernor to minimize this imbalance. The imbalance can be lower
High. The appropriate voltage range must be selected to than 2% when the system is adjusted properly.
match the connections of the generator. This is accom-
plished with the dip switch located in the adjustment win-
dow. The voltage ranges are wide and overlap significantly

Selecting the Operating Voltage Range

Low AC Voltage Range 100 - 280 VAC SW1 (ON)
High AC Voltage Range 240 - 500 VAC SW1 (OFF)

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The parallel cable voltage is proportional to the load on the Reverse Power Monitor
generator. The voltage ranges from 0 - 7.5V DC for a 0 - 5 Since the LSM200 Series monitors the forward power out-
Amp change in CT current (real power). The internal paral- put of the generator, it also can accurately measure the
lel cable signal, before the sensitivity adjustment, can be reverse power portion as well. The reverse power relay will
measured at the two internal test posts, TP1 (+) and TP2 (–) signal if the generator’s power has gone negative. If nega-
These posts are located near to the LOAD SENSITIVITY tive power exists above a small level, the generator must
adjustment. See Diagram 1 and 2 for test post locations. be removed from service.

All parallel cables are permanently hard wired together (+ to The set point is adjustable between 2% and 20% based on
+ and - to -). When a generator is off-line, its parallel cable a 5 Amp CT rating at 100% power. An adjustment of “0” is
must be disconnected from the rest of the units. Each the most sensitive point. The “100” adjustment position is
LSM200 Series unit has its own internal relay to make this about 20% reverse power, the highest setting.
disconnect and reconnection. The parallel cable relay is
closed when Terminals 13 and 14 are connected together. A Note: It is important to note that the reverse power monitor
slave relay or contacts on the generator’s main circuit circuit must have a jumper wire or a reverse power reset
breaker normally operate this connection when the genera- switch across Terminals 18 and 19.
tors main contactor is closed. The PARALLEL ENABLE LED
will light when this occurs, indicating that the internal paral- Latching and non-latching operation of the Reverse Power
lel cable circuit is connected to the other units (Terminals 10 monitor relay signal can be obtained. All units are factory
& 11.) set to the non-latching configuration. When a reverse
power condition above the set point takes place, the
Analog Power Output Signal, Internal and reverse power relay will activate. When the reverse power
External Metering Systems condition reduces or disappears, the monitor automatically
Provided the AC voltage on the sets remains constant, the resets itself.
DC signal at Terminals 32 and 33 is a good indicator of the
real power output from the generator. This signal is based If a latching condition of the reverse power monitor is
on the load sharing power measurement system and is pro- desired, see Pages 9 and 10 for details.
portional to the real power component (forward and reverse)
of the line currents. The reverse power monitor also has a time delay adjust-
ment. The time delay is an inverse function where the
The voltage signal that appears at Terminals 32 (+) and higher the reverse power the shorter the delay in the mon-
33(–) may be adjusted with the EXTERNAL POWER itor’s operation. This feature is intended to provide faster
METER CALIBRATION adjustment, and has a range of response should a major reverse power condition take
approximately -1 to 5V DC. These voltages are proportion- place. This time delay should be set to the shortest delay
al to the CT currents. An output of 5V will indicate 5 Amps (maximum CCW) unless a long delay is required.
CT current (forward power) and -1 volt will indicate 1 Amp
CT current (reverse power). Terminal 32’s maximum current CAUTION: Care should be used in setting
consumption, should be limited to 10 ma. this adjustment so that an excessive delay
does not damage the generator.
The Internal Power Meter / Bar graph displays the genera-
tor power as detailed above in the external power meter
operation. The bar graph can be calibrated for generator A set of isolated 10 Amp Form “C” NO and NC relay con-
power. The display will normally display the zero power out- tacts are provided at Terminals 25, 26, and 27 to operate
put position, or the third dot. After full power has been the external protection mechanisms that remove the gen-
applied to the generator, adjust the generator POWER DIS- erator from service once a reverse power condition has
PLAY CAL for a full-scale reading. Be sure that the adjust- occurred. An LED on the unit signals the reverse power
ment is made by moving CW from the zero position. monitor relay’s condition.

Paralleling with Other GAC Load Sharing Modules Forward Power Monitor
The LSM200 Series may be used with other types of GAC The forward power monitor can signal two levels of power
load sharing modules, where an external mains auxiliary output from the generator. The two trip points are the ON
parallel cable relay already exists. Simply connect Terminals point where power is increasing and exceeds the monitors
13 and 14 together permanently, closing the internal paral- high limit set point, and the OFF point when the power is
lel cable relay and treat the parallel cable as in the older falling below the monitors lower load limit set point.
units with external Series contacts.

Note: The smooth ramping function during paralleling will

not be available under these circumstances.

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The ON setting adjustment range is from 20-100% power Droop Operation
which corresponds to a 0-80 on the adjustment scale. The LSM200 Series units operate as isochronous systems and
thus no internal provision has been made for droop operation.
The OFF adjustment range is from 0-80% power which cor-
If droop operation is required, apply a fixed resistance across
responds to 0-100 on the adjustment scale. If the maximum
the parallel cable. A resistance of 1 Meg ohm will provide a very
CT currents are less than 5 Amps, the adjustment range will
small amount of droop <1 %. Lower values of resistance (10K)
exceed the power levels described above.
will provide increased levels of droop. If droop is used, the auto-
The monitor also includes a DELAY adjustment. In the full matic smooth load / unload and ILC functions will not operate.
CCW position (0) the delay is very short, about 0.4 seconds.
In the full CW position (100), the delay is about 30 seconds. Output Signals to the Governor
Terminal 12 signals the governor to change generator power
An internal relay with 10 Amp Form C contacts NO and NC (speed change). It has a nominal output of 5.0 VDC with
is included at Terminals 28, 29, and 30 along with an LED to respect to the signal ground point (Terminal 23) unless the unit
signal the monitor relay status. is calling for a speed change. Refer to the speed control’s pub-
lication for the appropriate load sharing input terminal (AUX)
Forward Power Monitor Programmability on the speed control to which Terminal 12 (output) and
The settings are externally programmable with an analog Terminal 23 (signal ground) should be connected. See the
signal. See Page 10 for details. wiring diagram for typical connections.

ILC (Individual Load Control) and Load Ramping Signal Ground Connections
Individual generator control is one of the functions of the The ground or battery minus connection, Terminal 23, is a sig-
LSM200 Series units. Loading and Unloading the generator nal ground connection and is important. This terminal must be
is easily accomplished by opening and closing a switch at connected to the speed control’s signal ground terminal. See
Terminals 16 and 17. Two LEDs (LOAD and UNLOAD) indi- the speed control’s publication for details.
cate the status for the operator.
Typical operation is as follows. When a group of engines are Mains Power Control
operating together in a load sharing mode, and one engine The generator power control feature is intended to be used
needs to be removed from service, the ILC unload switch is when the generator is supplying power to the infinite main bus
closed (Terminals 16 & 17). The selected generator will start (exporting power). See the wiring diagrams. In this mode, a
to reduce power until it gives up all its load and is held at temporary connection is made across the parallel cable at
zero power at which time it can be removed from service by Terminals 10 and 11. After synchronizing and paralleling to the
opening its generator circuit breaker. The speed at which mains, the parallel enable switch (Terminals 13 & 14) must be
the unit reduces its load is controlled by the ILC LOAD / closed when the main generator circuit breaker is closed.
UNLOAD RAMP adjustment. This control adjusts the
unloading rate, and thus the smoothness, at which the load The GENERATOR POWER CONTROL Adjustment can then
transition occurs. The generator can be held at zero power be turned CW toward 100. This will cause the generator to start
indefinitely. If the ILC switch is opened, the generator will supplying power to the mains. The generator power output is a
increase its load and smoothly ramp back up to normal function of how far the ADJUST control is turned CW and how
power. high the load sensitivity control is adjusted. Once this setting is
made, the power output can be reduced to zero with a switch
Once a generator is removed from service, the ILC switch connection between Terminals 15 and 16. The power setting
must be opened so that the system will smoothly parallel can also be set externally with a simple potentiometer and a
and accept load when the generator is put back into service. switch that applies a voltage to Terminal 15. (See insert on
When reparalleling a generator set (I LC open), the LSM201 wiring diagrams).
will match the existing parallel cable voltage with its own so
that a smooth connection is made (zero voltage difference). This power control function can be ramped for smooth opera-
The load control will then ramp to equal load sharing. See tion. Adjustment of the RAMP control towards 100 will slow
details in Load Sharing Mode (Page 1). down the load pickup time. The load up and load down times
are about the same. For fast response, temporarily connect
Load Anticipation Function Terminals 20 & 21.
The LSM200 Series units include a load anticipation func-
tion that is used to improve the governor response to loads Power Ramp Defeat - Optional
applied to parallel generators. The basic transient response When in parallel with the mains under power control, if the
of the system is improved because the electrical load is mains fails the LSM200 Series load sharing module must
measured directly by the LSM. This load actually occurs revert to isochronous load sharing quickly. The connection
before the speed changes and thus the response delays are across the parallel cable (Terminals 10 and 11) must be
reduced. The internal LOAD ANTICIPATION adjustment opened and the mains load sharing reduced to zero quickly
allows the operator to adjust the magnitude of the response (Terminals 15 to 16 connection). Defeating the mains ramp can
to the load change that is presented to the governor. A CW be accomplished by a connection from Terminal 20 to 21. See
adjustment increases the magnitude of the compensation. wiring diagram insert.
Transient reductions of 10 - 30% are possible if the capabil-
ity of the engine is not limiting the system. Optimize this If the generator power control function is not used, adjust the
adjustment with repetitive load steps. RAMP and ADJUST to their 0 settings.

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Diagram 1. Load Sharing Module LSM201

-7-
Diagram 2. Load Sharing Module LSM201N

-8-
 ISOCHRONOUS PARALLELING AND Load Sharing Adjustment
LOAD SHARING OPERATION When proper phasing has been confirmed, the generators
can then be synchronized and paralleled. With the system
Refer to the appropriate wiring Diagram 1 or 2. paralleled and operating with no load, adjust each gover-
Note: The Reverse Power reset jumper or switch must be in nor’s speed trim for zero real power as indicated on each
place at Terminals 18 & 19 for this monitor to function. generator set’s wattmeter. Reactive currents can be
trimmed out with the generator set voltage regulators
Factory Preset Adjustments (AVR). With no load still on the engine, adjust the AVR’s AC
Once the LSM200 Series is connected into the system per voltage setting so that the AC ammeters read as low as pos-
the appropriate wiring diagram, the following pre-checks sible. This should ideally be very low or zero AC current.
must be made.
The system should be stable and no significant power from
ADJUSTMENT POSITION SETTING either generator should be indicated. If the system does not
Reverse Power 10 Appx 5% seem stable, adjust each of the LOAD SENSITIVITY con-
Reverse Power Delay Full CCW Fastest trols CCW about 1/3 of a turn or until the system is stable.
Forward Power “On” 80 100% If the sensitivity is set below 40%, refer to troubleshooting
Forward Power “Off” 100 0% section which is located on Page 11.
Forward Power Delay Full CCW Fastest
Load Sensitivity 100 Most Sensitive Electrical load can now be applied to the system.
Load Anticipation 0 0
External Power Meter Cal 100 Max. Range All generator sets in the system should be sharing the sys-
ILC Load Ramp 20 Appx 4 Sec. tems load nearly proportionally. The generator set carrying
Generator Power Ramp 0 0 the least amount of load should be adjusted to accept more
Generator Power Adjust 0 0 of the total system load. Turn the LOAD SENSITIVITY con-
Generator Power Display Cal 50 5 Amps = Full scale trol adjustment CCW on this unit to increase its load con-
DO NOT adjust the Internal Bias Reference or the Internal tribution.
Offset Balance adjustment.
Load Anticipation Adjustment
Measure the following voltages at these Terminals in this The LOAD ANTICIPATION adjustment is factory set to zero
order with DC power applied to the unit. sensitivity. To improve the genset’s transient response,
gradually advance the adjustment CW to about 50% while
Terminal Voltage Measurement Value the generator sets are in parallel. The transient response
31(+) to 23 (-) Internal Power Supply 10.6+/- 0.2 VDC improvement can be observed when the engine load is
12 (+) to 23 (-) Output to Governor 5.0 +/- 0.1 VDC changed. An optimum setting requires a speed recorder to
minimize the transient in both magnitude and duration.
CAUTION Instability may result if the adjustment is advanced too far
LETHAL HIGH VOLTAGE is present at Terminals 1, 2 & 3 CW.
Do not disconnect the CT wiring (Terminals 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
when the generator is operating. Reverse Power Adjustment
With the reset switch or jumper across Terminals 18 and
Apply AC voltages to unit (run engine at no load) 19, the reverse power monitor can be calibrated. To obtain
reverse power on a generator may be difficult. An alternate
TPI1 (+) to TP2 (-) Generator Power Signal 0 +/- 0.2 VDC method is to simulate reverse power by reversing all the
32 (+) to 33 (-) Internal Power Meter 0 +/- 0.2 VDC CTs temporarily when the unit is in single unit operation.

Current Transformer Phasing CAUTION: Do not disconnect the CTs

With a DC meter across TP1 (+) and TP2 (-), apply a small while the engine is running.
amount of load to the generator and note the voltage read-
ing and polarity. With a large gauge jumper wire, short out
each CT signal (Terminals 4 to 5, 6 to 7, 8 to 9) one at a
time. If the short is of low resistance, a 1/3 drop in voltage
at the test points will be measured. If the drop is not near 1/3
or the voltage increases, the CT / AC line voltage phasing is
improper and must be corrected in the wiring.

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With the CTs still reversed, adjust the monitor’s setting from cuits.
20 to 100 and the DELAY to fastest (full CCW). Apply a Programmability
small amount of load representing the trip point of the Once these settings have been set for the ON and OFF adjust-
reverse power monitor, approximately 10%. Turn the ment, they can be externally programmed with an analog DC
REVERSE POWER MONITOR adjustment from 100 slowly signal at Terminal 22. If this terminal is connected to signal
toward 0 until the monitor turns on. Remove the generator ground, it will lower the set point of the monitors approximate-
load. The monitor should turn OFF (reset). Recheck the set- ly 20%. Raising the voltage at Terminal 22 above the nominal
ting by applying the 10% load again. 3 Volts will increase the set points to a level higher than the
internal settings. Consult factory for details.
The Reverse Power Delay may now be set by turning this
adjustment CW. The minimum delay necessary should be An internal 10 Amp relay with Form C contacts NO and NC are
used, otherwise leave this setting to full CCW (minimum included at Terminals 28, 29, and 30 along with an LED to indi-
delay). cate the monitors’ relay condition.

Note: The delays are of the inverse time type. See previous Power Meter Operation
description for details. The analog power output voltage signal is a good measure of
engine power when the AC voltage from the generator is con-
CAUTION: Care should be used in setting the sidered to be constant. The external power meter can be any
Reverse Power Delay so excessive delay does analog or digital meter with a relatively high input impedance
not damage the generator or switch gear. (>10K Ohms) that is within the voltage range of the unit. The
(+) signal output is at Terminal 32 and the reference is at
Be sure to reinstate the CT connections to their proper Terminal 33(-). Terminal 33 is referenced at a voltage of 2.OV
polarity before attempting parallel operation. DC above battery minus.

A set of 10 amp Form C NO and NC relay contacts are pro- The maximum range of voltage is -2 to +5 VDC across these
vided at Terminals 25, 26, and 27 to operate the external two terminals. The bipolar output allows reverse power as well
protection mechanisms that remove the generator from as forward power to be detected. The EXTERNAL POWER
service once a reverse power condition occurs. The reverse METER CAL adjustment allows this signal to be adjusted for
power LED on the cover indicates the reverse power moni- lower levels to match the external instruments. CCW adjust-
tor relay condition. ment reduces the voltage range.

If a latching condition for the reverse power monitor is The internal bar graph is taken from the same voltage source.
desired, posts E1 and E2 on the circuit board must be con- The bar graph can be calibrated for generator power output.
nected together. These posts are located on the circuit The third dot is zero power output and the 10th dot is 100%
board just above and to the right of the AC Voltage Selector output. After full power has been applied to the generator,
DIP Switch. (On the LSM201N module, these posts are adjust the GENERATOR POWER DISPLAY CAL for a full
located on the circuit board just above the AC Voltage scale reading. Be sure the adjustment is made by turning the
Selector DIP Switch.) Solder a jumper wire across these adjustment CW from the zero position.
posts without damaging the circuit board. When a reverse
power condition occurs, the internal relay will activate and EMI CONSIDERATIONS
latch. To reset the relay, open the external Reverse Power The LSM200 Series has been tested and conforms to the
Relay switch connected between Terminals 18 and 19. requirements for CE regulations (see Declaration of
Conformity in PIB4100). In any installation, EMI considerations
Forward Power Monitor Adjustment should be made. Proper installation is mandatory for the equip-
Always set the ON point first with the delay set to minimum ment. Refer to the declaration and the wiring diagram for prop-
delay. The ON setting range is from 20 - 100% power which er usage.
corresponds to 0 - 80 on the adjustment scale. With the ON
adjustment at a setting of 80, adjust the generator load for a
desired trip point, i.e. 90% load. Turn the ON adjustment
CCW until the monitor turns on with 90% load applied.

The OFF adjustment range is from 0 - 80% and corre-

sponds to 0 - 100 on the adjustment scale. With the OFF
adjustment at a setting of 0, adjust the generator load for a
desired reset point, i.e. 20% load. Adjust the OFF adjust-
ment CW until the monitor resets to OFF with the load
reduced to 20%.

The monitor’s DELAY setting may now be adjusted. The Full

CCW position offers minimum delay (about 0.4 seconds)
and the Full CW position offers a delay of about 30 seconds.
These are inverse time delays as in the reverse power cir-

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 TROUBLESHOOTING
Preliminary Voltage Checks INSTABILITY OR IRREGULARITY
Measure the following voltages and record the readings. OF LOAD CONTROL
Begin to perform these voltage checks, under the following If the load sharing is unstable then follow the steps below:
conditions: 1.0 Check to see that the battery minus on all genera-
tors are connected together.
No AC power applied to the unit 2.0 Insure the shielded cables are connected at one
Terminals 13 to 14 open end, at load sharing module as shown in the prop-
Terminals 16 to 17 open er wiring diagram.
Terminals 18 to 19 closed 3.0 Check to see that the case ground and the battery
minus are at the same potential. See EMC/CE
TESTING OF THE LOAD SHARING FUNCTION information in this publication.
1.0 Measure the battery power output. 24 VDC at ter- 4.0 Reduce ALL load sharing sensitivity controls until
minals 24(+) and 23(-) [12 VDC for -12 versions] the system is stable. Do not go below 25 on the
2.0 Measure the internal 10 VDC supply at terminals 31 sensitivity adjustment or load sharing will be poor.
(+) to 23(-).10.6 VDC +/-0.2 V 5.0 If still unstable, reduce the Gain in the speed con-
3.0 Measure the output at Terminals 12(+) and 23(-). trol unit slightly
5.0 VDC +/-0.1 V 6.0 Check the stability of the Automatic Voltage
4.0 All LED’s except the “Load” should be “OFF” Regulator, including the reactive current compen-
5.0 Apply the AC Voltage to the phase voltage inputs sation.
(N, 1, 2, 3) 7.0 Cut the internal jumper across post E5 to E6.
6.0 Measure the power meters output Terminals 32(+) (Lower Load Sharing Loop Gain).
to 33(-). 0 VDC +/-0.1 V 8.0 Connect a 22 mfd, 10 VDC capacitor from termi-
Terminals 33(+) to 23(-).2.0 VDC +/-0.2 V nals 12(+) to 13(-). (Slows Load Sharing Function).
7.0 Measure the test points TP1 (+) and TP2 (-) Parallel
Cable Differential Voltage. 0 VDC +/-0. 1 V INDIVIDUAL LOAD CONTROL (ILC)
Note: If this voltage is greater than 0. 1 VDC then If the ILC does not unload to zero power.
consult the Bias and Offset voltage adjustment 1.0 With ILC in unload position, measure the voltage
procedures at the end. at the test points TP1 to TP2 to determine if the
8.0 Apply full power to the Generator Set (or as high as LSM is sensing zero power internally This voltage
possible). In isolated mode, measure the Test should fall to about 0.2 VDC.
Points TP1 and TP2 and note the polarity and mag- 2.0 Condition which can prevent unloading to zero
nitude of the voltage. For a unity power factor con- power is the AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator)
dition, and a CT current level of 5 Amps in all phas- droop/cross current compensation does not track
es the test points should read between 6.0 and 7.0 and allow the sets to have different power levels
VDC with TP1 being positive. If not, then check the (load on the generator set is highly reactive).
CT and Voltage phasing as described on page 9. 3.0 Improper speed setting of the governor on one or
9.0 With full CT current (generator set in isolated mode) more governors.
applied, check the parallel cable output voltage at 4.0 Adjust the ILC ramp time to a longer time.
terminals 10(+) and 11 (-). With a meter connected
from 10 to 11 short terminals 13 and 14 to close the INTERNAL BIAS REFERENCE AND
internal relay. Note the parallel enable LED should OFFSET BALANCE ADJUSTMENTS
light. The voltage output at terminals 10 and 11 These two adjustments are factory set and normally never
should be adjustable via the LOAD SENSITIVITY require readjustment. To check the settings follow the pro-
adjustment from 0 up to the maximum as stated in cedure below. The internal bias reference adjustment sets
step 8. Failure to obtain the above readings, look for the 5 VDC reference for the parallel cable. In order to set
an open generator neutral connection, missing AC this voltage apply DC and AC voltages to the LSM200
current or AC voltage signal or SWI voltage range Series unit. DO NOT apply any CT currents (Generator
switch set improperly. Load). Close the parallel cable relay (Terminals 13 to 14).
10.0 To confirm that the Load Sharing portion is control-
Measure the voltage from terminal 10 to terminal 13 and
ling the governor, temporarily connect a jumper
adjust the Reference (located just above the “Power Display
across terminals 10 to 11 and short terminals 13 to
Cal”) for 5.00 VDC. With the load sensitivity set to 100,
14. Apply load to the engine. The speed of the
measure the parallel cable voltage from terminals 10 to 11
engine should fall (droop) as more load is applied to
and adjust the offset Balance adjustment to 0.00 VDC.
the engine. Remove engine load and the temporary
jumpers. Load sharing function is normal.
LOCATION OF LSM201 LSM201N
Internal Bias Above Generator Above Generator
Adjustment Power Control- Power Display Cal
Ramp Adjustment Adjustment
ELECTRONIC - HYDRAULIC - SYSTEMS
Offset Balance Above & left of Above
4900 LANGENTHAL SWITZERLAND
Adjustment Load Antic Load Antic
TEL. + 41 62 916 50 30 FAX. + 41 62 916 50 35 (load anticipation) (load anticipation)
E - M a i l : [email protected] www.huegli-tech.com Adjustment Adjustment

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