CLASS X

There will be one paper of two hours duration carrying 2. Map of India
80 marks and Internal Assessment of 20 marks.
On an outline map of India, candidates will be
The Paper will consist of two parts, Part I and Part II. required to locate, mark and name the following:
Part I (compulsory) will consist of two questions. Mountains, Peaks and Plateaus: Himalayas,
Question 1 will be based on Topographical Map. Karakoram, Aravali, Vindhyas, Satpura, Western
Question 2 will be based on outline Map of India.
and Eastern Ghats, Nilgiris, Garo, Khasi, Jaintia,
Part II: Candidates will be expected to answer any five Mount Godwin Austin (K2), Mount Kanchenjunga.
questions. Deccan Plateau, Chota Nagpur Plateau.
Candidates will be expected to make the fullest use of Plains: Gangetic Plains and Coastal plains –
sketches, diagrams, graphs and charts in their answers.
(Konkan, Kanara, Malabar, Coromandel,
Questions set may require answers involving the Northern Circars).
interpretation of photographs of geographical interest.
Desert: Thar (The Great Indian Desert)
PART – I
Rivers: Indus, Ravi, Beas, Chenab, Jhelum, Satluj,
MAP WORK Ganga, Yamuna, Ghaghra, Gomti, Gandak, Kosi,
1. Interpretation of Topographical Maps Chambal, Betwa, Son, Damodar, Brahmaputra,
Narmada, Tapti, Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna,
(a) Locating features with the help of a four figure
or a six-figure grid reference. Cauveri, Tungabhadra.

(b) Definition of contour and contour interval. Water Bodies : Gulf of Kutch, Gulf of Khambhat,
Identification of landforms marked by contours Gulf of Mannar, Palk Strait, Andaman Sea, Chilka
(steep slope, gentle slope, hill, valley, ridge / Lake, Wular Lake.
water divide, escarpment), triangulated height,
Passes: Karakoram, Nathu-La Passes.
spot height, bench mark, relative height/ depth.
(c) Interpretation of colour tints and conventional Latitude and Longitudes: Tropic of Cancer,
symbols used on a topographical survey of Standard Meridian (82° 30’E).
India map. Direction of Winds: South West Monsoons
(d) Identification and definition of types of scale (Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal Branches), North
given on the map. East Monsoons and Western Disturbances.
Measuring distances and calculating area Distribution of Minerals: Oil - Mumbai High
using the scale given therein. (Offshore Oil Field) and Digboi. Iron –
(e) Marking directions between different Singhbhum, Coal – Jharia.
locations, using eight cardinal points.
Soil Distribution – Alluvial, Laterite, Black and
(f) Identify: Site of prominent villages and/or Red Soil.
towns, types of land use / land cover and means
of communication with the help of the index Cities - Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai,
given at the bottom of the sheet. Hyderabad, Bengaluru, Kochi, Chandigarh,
Srinagar, Vishakhapatnam, Allahabad.
(g) Identification of drainage (direction of flow
and pattern) and settlement patterns. Population - Distribution of Population (Dense
(h) Identification of natural and man-made and sparse).
features.

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 PART - II • Hydel power (Bhakra Nangal Dam and
Hirakud).
GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA
• Non-conventional Sources: Solar, wind, tidal,
3. Location, Extent and Physical features geo-thermal, nuclear and bio-gas (generation
• Position and Extent of India. (through Map and advantages).
only)
9. Agriculture
• The physical features of India – mountains, • Indian Agriculture – importance, problems
plateaus, plains and rivers. (through Map
and reforms.
only)
• Types of farming in India: subsistence and
4. Climate commercial: shifting, intensive, extensive,
Distribution of Temperature, Rainfall, winds in plantation and mixed.
Summer and Winter and factors affecting the • Agricultural seasons (rabi, kharif, zayad).
climate of the area. Monsoon and its mechanism. • Climatic conditions, soil requirements,
Seasons –March to May – Summer; June to
methods of cultivation, processing and
September – Monsoon; October to November -
distribution of the following crops:
Retreating Monsoon. December to February –
Winter. - rice, wheat, millets and pulses.
- sugarcane, oilseeds (groundnut, mustard
5. Soil Resources and soya bean).
• Types of soil (alluvial, black, red and laterite) - cotton, jute, tea and coffee.
distribution, composition and characteristics
such as colour, texture, minerals and crops 10. Manufacturing Industries
associated.
Importance and classification
• Soil Erosion – causes, prevention and
• Agro based Industry - Sugar, Textile (Cotton
conservation.
and Silk).
6. Natural Vegetation
• Mineral based Industry – Iron & Steel (TISCO,
• Importance of forests.
Bhilai, Rourkela, Vishakhapatnam) Petro
• Types of vegetation (tropical evergreen, Chemical and Electronics.
tropical deciduous, tropical desert, littoral and
11. Transport
mountain), distribution and correlation with
their environment. Importance and Modes – Roadways, Railways,
Airways and Waterways –- Advantages and
• Forest conservation.
disadvantages.
7. Water Resources
12. Waste Management
• Sources (Surface water and ground water).
• Impact of waste accumulation - spoilage of
• Need for conservation and conservation
landscape, pollution, health hazards, effect on
practices (Rain water harvesting and its
terrestrial, aquatic (fresh water and marine) life.
importance).
• Need for waste management.
• Irrigation: Importance and methods.
• Methods of safe disposal - segregation, dumping
8. Mineral and Energy Resources
and composting.
• Iron ore, Manganese, Copper, Bauxite – uses
and their distribution. • Need and methods for reducing, reusing and
recycling waste.
• Conventional Sources: Coal, Petroleum,
Natural gas (distribution, advantages and
disadvantages). .
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 INTERNAL ASSESSMENT 6. Need for industrialization in India, the latest trends
PRACTICAL / PROJECT WORK and its impact on economy of India.

Candidates will be required to prepare a project report 7. Visit a water treatment plant, sewage treatment
on any one topic. The topics for assignments may be plant or garbage dumping or vermicomposting sites
selected from the list of suggested assignments given in the locality and study their working.
below. Candidates can also take up an assignment of EVALUATION
their choice under any of the broad areas given below.
The assignments/project work is to be evaluated by the
Suggested list of assignments: subject teacher and by an External Examiner. (The
1. Local Geography: External Examiner may be a teacher nominated by the
Head of the school, who could be from the faculty, but
(a) Land use pattern in different regions of India– not teaching the subject in the section/class. For
a comparative analysis. example, a teacher of Geography of Class VIII may be
(b) The survey of a local market on the types of deputed to be an External Examiner for Class X,
shops and services offered. Geography projects.)

2. Environment: The Internal Examiner and the External Examiner will

assess the assignments independently.
Wildlife conservation efforts in India.
Award of Marks (20 Marks)
3. Current Geographical Issues:
Subject Teacher (Internal Examiner) 10 marks
Development of tourism in India.
External Examiner 10 marks
4. Transport in India:
The total marks obtained out of 20 are to be sent to the
Development of Road, Rail, Water and Air routes. Council by the Head of the school.
5. List different type of industries in the States and The Head of the school will be responsible for the
collect information about the types of raw materials online entry of marks on the Council’s CAREERS
used, modes of their procurement and disposal of portal by the due date.
wastes generated. Classify these industries as
polluting or environment friendly and suggest
possible ways of reducing pollution caused by
these units.

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