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Unit 1 Question 2 Marks

The document provides an overview of unit 1 of a site survey and planning course, including 16 short answer questions. The questions cover topics such as surveying instruments and their applications, calculating area using different methods, total stations, aerial surveys, and ensuring perpendicularity on a construction site. Definitions are also provided for key surveying terms like plot, site, region, and land.

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Navin Raj Kumar -
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83 views6 pages

Unit 1 Question 2 Marks

The document provides an overview of unit 1 of a site survey and planning course, including 16 short answer questions. The questions cover topics such as surveying instruments and their applications, calculating area using different methods, total stations, aerial surveys, and ensuring perpendicularity on a construction site. Definitions are also provided for key surveying terms like plot, site, region, and land.

Uploaded by

Navin Raj Kumar -
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Site Survey & Planning

Unit 1-Introduction to site & site surveying

Important Questions from Unit 1

Long Answers ( 20 marks each)


1. Explain the procedures and precautions for setting out a plan on site
2. Explain various surveying instruments and their applications.
3. What is Theodolite Survey? Explain the part of a theodolite with neat sketches.
4. Explain the functions performed by the Total Station and its application in surveying.
5. For an Irregular site, illustrate and explain all the graphical methods of calculating the area.
6. Explain various types of maps available for understanding a site profile and building data
included.
7. Explain Centerline plan with its importance and procedure for making a center line drawing
and dimensioning
8. What are different methods for calculating the area in the field of surveying?

Short Answers ( 2 marks each)


1. Write the differences between Plain surveying and Geodetic surveying.

2. Define the following terms


a. Plot

A small piece of land that has been marked or measured for a particular purpose.
Plot is a diagram which shows the buildings, utility layout, and the position of roads and
other construction of an existing or proposed site at a defined scale.

b. Site

An area of a ground on which a town, building or monument is constructed.


The place where a structure or group of structures is to be
located. The location of a property is also said to be Site

3. Define the following terms


a. Region
Region is a device of area generalization. It is large and it is usually continuous segment of
an earth’s surface or space.
Region is an area on the earth’s surface marked by certain properties that are homogeneous
inside and distinct from outside it. A region is defined as a part of the earth’s surface with
one or many similar characteristics that make it unique from other areas.

b. Land
Any part of the earth’s surface not covered by water body. An area of a ground with specific
boundaries. Land includes all physical elements in the wealth of a nation best owed by
nature; such as climate, environment, fields, forests, minerals, mountains, lakes, streams,
seas, and animals.

4. List the different classifications of Surveying based on the object of survey.


 ENGINEERING SURVEY – afford sufficient data for the designing of engineering
works such as roads, sewage disposal and water supply.
 MILITARY SURVEY – used for determining points of strategic importance.
 MINE SURVEY – used for exploring mineral wealth.
 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY – used for determining the different strata in the earth’s
crust.
 ARCHAELOGICAL SURVEY – used for unearthing relics of antiquity.

5. What are instruments used for Plain Table Surveying?


a. The plane table with levelling head having
a. Arrangements for:
b. Levelling
c. Rotation about vertical axis
d. Clamping
b. Alidade for sighting
c. Plumbing fork and plumb bob
d. Sprit level
e. Compass
f. Drawing paper with a rain proof cover

6. Define the following terms


a. Marking plan
These are the plans that a surveyor makes after surveying a particular plot,
showing the positions of various features on the ground/plot indicated along with
their spot heights etc.( eg. Buildings, trees, wells, water bodies, roads etc.). An
accurate marking plan is necessary in order to design a flawless layout plan that
blends perfectly with the site context.

b. Centerline plan
a. These are plans showing the centre lines of a building layout plan.
b. Centre line plans are mainly used for setting out of the building.
c. It indicates the centre to centre detailed dimensions of the walls (or
foundation) in the plan of a building.

7. List the four methods used to calculate area along the boundaries.

a) Mid-ordinate method

b) Average ordinate method

c) Trapezoidal rule

d) Simpson’s rule

8. List few advantages of using a Total Station.


a. The following are some of the major advantages of using total station over the
conventional surveying instruments:
b. Field work is carried out very fast.
c. Accuracy of measurement is high.
d. Manual errors involved in reading and recording are eliminated.
e. Calculation of coordinates is very fast and accurate. Even corrections for
temperature and pressure are automatically made.
f. Computers can be employed for map making and plotting contour and cross-
sections. Contour intervals and scales can be changed in no time.

9. What are the different Unit of Measurements?


There are 2 types of measurements used in the building survey. They are
 Metric System
The basic unit of length in the SI system is the meter. Also, millimeter,
centimeter, decimeter, kilometer.
 Feet & Inches System (English System)
The basic units for length or distance measurements in the English
system are the inch, foot, yard, and mile.

10. List the different classifications of Surveying based on the nature of the field.

11. What are the important operations of Total station?


Total station is a surveying equipment combination of Electromagnetic Distance Measuring
Instrument and electronic theodolite. It performs following operations,
i. Distance Measurement
ii. Angle Measurements
iii. Data Processing
iv. Display Results
v. Electronic Book

12. Explain - Aerial Survey.


Aerial survey is a method of collecting information conducted from an airborne platform. This
is collected by using aerial photography, LiDAR or laser scanning. It is often recognized
similarly as aero photogrammetry, part of photogrammetry where the camera is mounted on
an aircraft.
Aerial survey is different to satellite imagery because of its better resolution, quality and
atmospheric conditions.
13. What are the different types of land Survey?
 Topographical Survey – is made to determine the natural features of the country
(hills, valleys, rivers, forest, villages, towns etc...)

 Cadastral Survey – are made incident the fixing of (boundaries of fields, property
lines, plots, houses and other properties)

 City Survey – made in connection with the construction of streets, water supply
systems, sewers & other works.

14. Write two uses of Surveying.


 To determine the required areas and volumes of land and materials needed during
construction.
 To ensure that the construction takes place in the correct relative and absolute
position on the ground.
 To record the final position of the construction, including any design changes.

15. What is 3:4:5 method?


This 3:4:5 method is based on Pythagoras' Theorem, which states that for every right-angled triangle
the square of the hypotenuse (longest side) is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.
Hence this method is used to determine a 90 degree angle at site when setting out building site.

16. How to ensure perpendicularity of the ranging line?


1. Builder’s Square, device consisting of two straightedges set at right angles to each
other. It is used by Site engineers & carpenters for checking the correctness of right
angles on site.
2. The 3:4:5 method is based on Pythagoras' Theorem, which states that for every right-
angled triangle the square of the hypotenuse (longest side) is equal to the sum of the
squares of the other two sides. Hence this method is used to determine a 90 degree
angle at site when setting out building site.

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