DON ROBERT B. ESTRELLA SR.

NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Nagsaag, San Manuel, Pangasinan.

(Effective Alternative Secondary Education)

MATHEMATICS II

MODULE 1
Quadratic Equations
BUREAU OF SECONDARY EDUCATION
Department of Education
DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue,
Pasig City
 Module 1
Quadratic Equations

What this module is about

This module is about quadratic equations. In this module, you will be able
to develop skills in solving second-degree equations in one variable. You will find
that quadratic equations can be solved using several methods. Two of these
methods will be discussed in the lessons.

What you are expected to learn

This module is designed for you to:

1. Distinguish a quadratic equation from a linear equation.

2. Write quadratic equations in standard form.
3. Solve quadratic equations by factoring.
4. Solve quadratic equations by extracting square roots.

How much do you know

A. Which of the following are quadratic equations?

1. 37- 46x = 2x2

1
2. 2 = x
x
3. 5x2 + 2x – 4 = 0

B. Write the following in the standard quadratic form ax2 + bx + c = 0

4. (x + 5)(x - 12) = 18
5. x2 – x + 14 = 2x(x - 3)
6. 4x2 – 8x + 2 = x2 - 21x + 12

C. Use the factoring method to solve each equation.

2
 7. x2 + 3x – 10 = 0
8. x2 = 4x
9. x2 - 10x – 24 = 0
10. x2 - 6x + 5 = 0

D. Use the square root method to solve each equation.

11. x2 = 25
12. 2x2 – 10 = 0
13. (x + 3)2 = 10
14. 3(x - 4)2 = 33
15. (x + 3)2 = -9

What you will do

Lesson 1

Distinguishing Quadratic Equations from Linear Equations

In first year, you have learned how to solve first-degree equations in one
variable. These are equations which involve one variable. The highest exponent
of the variable is 1. These first degree equations are called linear equations. For
example, the equation 3x – 5 = 4 is a first- degree equation.

A second- degree equation in one variable is an equation in which the

highest exponent of the variable is 2. These equations are called quadratic
equations. The equation 3x2 -x – 5 = 0 is a second-degree equation.

Example:

Classify each equation as linear or quadratic:

1. x2 + 3x + 5 = 0
2. 5x – 3 = 0
3. 3x² + 12x = 0
1
4. x+1=0
2
5. x3 + 4x – 3x² = 0

Examples 2 and 4 are linear equations since the highest exponent of the
variable x is 1, while Examples 1 and 3 are quadratic equations because the

3
highest exponent of the variable x is 2. Example 5 is neither linear nor quadratic.
Why?

Try this out

A. Identify whether the following equations are linear, quadratic or neither:

1. x2 – 4x + 7 = 0
2. 2x – 5 = 0
3. – 4 x2 – 4x + 5 = 0
4. 3 x2 - 12 = 0
1
5. x+1=0
2
6. x² - 5x = 3
7. x² - 4x – x² = 0
8. 2x – 5 = 4
9. 3x – 3x = 5
x2 x
10. + =0
2 4
11. 2x – 3x3 + 2x² = 5
12. 6x² = 3x +4
13. a – 5 = a²
14. 4b –25 = 3(b-5)
15. 34 = x² - 4x
16. 5t –20 –5t = 3
17. 4p² - 25 = 4p²
3x
18. 5 x² - 4 =
5
19. q² + 6q – 2( q² + 5) = (q – 2)²
20. (2x + 5)(x –3) = 0

Lesson 2

Writing Quadratic Equations in Standard Form

By this time, you are already familiar with quadratic equations. To

reiterate, quadratic equations are of the form ax² + bx +c = 0, where a ≠ 0. A
quadratic equation written in this way is said to be in standard form.

The equation x2 – 7x + 4 = 0 is a quadratic equation in standard form

where, a =1, b = -7 and c = 4.

4
Examples:

The following quadratic equations are written in standard form:

1. x2 + 5x – 3 = 0
2. 3x2 + 4x +5 = 0
3. 4x2 – 2x = 0
4. x2 + 5 = 0
5. –3x2 = 0

Can you identify the values of a, b and c in the examples above? Notice
that in all the quadratic equations listed, there is always a value for a. Why?

Study the equation below:

-2x2 – 4(x – 5) = 7 – 9

Did you notice that it is a quadratic equation? Why?

Did you also notice that it is not written in standard form?

With the use of the properties of equality, you will be able to write
quadratic equations, such as the one above in standard form.

Solution:
-2x2 – 4( x – 5 ) = 7- 9
-2x2 – 4x +20 = 7- 9 Distributive property
-2x2 – 4x + 20 = -2 Addition property of equality
-2x2 – 4x + 20 + 2 = 0 Addition property of equality
-1(-2x2 – 4x + 22 = 0) Multiply by -1

2x2 + 4x - 22 = 0 is now the standard form where a = 2, b = 4 and c = -22.

6. Write the equation 2x² - 4x +

5
=
x  1x  2 in standard form:
3 2
Solution:

2x² - 4x +
5
=
x  1x  2
3 2
5
6(2x² - 4x + ) = (6)
 x  1x  2 Multiply by the LCD
3 2
12x² - 24x + 10 = 3(x² + x – 2) Division of numbers
12x² - 24x + 10 = 3x² + 3x – 6 Distributive property
12x² - 24x + 10 –3x² -3x + 6 = 0
9x² -21x + 16 = 0 Addition property

9x² -21x + 16 = 0 is now the standard form where a = 9, b = -21 and c = 22

5
Try this out
Write the following in standard form. Identify the values of a, b and c.

A. 1. 4x2 -11x = 7
2. 2x2 -20 = 3x
3. 6x2 = 5x - 4
4. 3x – 9 = x2
5. 5x2 = 3x
6. 4x2 = 20
7. 7x2 = 9
8. x2 = 4x –5
9. 2x = 3x2
10. 4 = - 5x2

B. 1. (x + 3) (x - 2) =1
2. 2x(x - 7) = 5
3. x2 = 2(5x - 6)
4. (x - 7)2 + 3 = 0
5. (x - 4)(x + 2) = 3(x - 1)
6. 2z(z - 1) = 5z2 - 7
7. (y + 1) 2 = 2(y - 4)
8. 2p(5p – 3) = (3p + 1)2
9. 2x2 + 5x – 4 = x2 + 3x - 7
10. (y + 2)(y + 5) = (2y - 1)(y + 6)

6x 1
C. 1. x2 = –
3 3
5x  1
2
1
2. =
2 2
( x  3) 2
2x  1
3. =
4 3
5x
4. x² + 1 =
2
2x
5. x² + =4
3

6
 Lesson 3

Solving Quadratic Equations by Factoring

This time, you will learn how to solve quadratic equations. Solving
quadratic equations means solving for the value of x that will make the equation
true.

For instance, the equation x2 + x = 30 has two solutions since both x = 5

and x = -6 satisfy the equation.

When x = 5 x2 + x = 30
52 + 5 = 30
25 + 5 = 30
30 = 30

When x = -6
x2 + x = 30
02 + (-6)
(-6) = 30
36 – 6 = 30
30 = 30

Since both 5 and –6 make the equation true, then it is said that 5 and –6
are the solutions or roots of the equation x2 + x = 30.

It should be noted that every quadratic equation has two roots.

There are many ways of solving quadratic equations. The first way or
method you will learn is based on the following basic fact about real numbers.

Zero – Product Property

Thus in solving the equation ( x –4 ) ( x +3 ) = 0
If ab = 0 then either a = 0 or b = 0 or both a and b are equal to zero.
(If a product is 0, then either one of the factors is 0 or both factors are 0.)

Example 1

In (x – 4)(x + 3) = 0, it is clear that since the product of the two quantities

(x –4) and (x +3) is equal to zero, then either the quantity (x - 4) = 0 or the
quantity (x +3) = 0.

7
 Thus,
x-4=0 or x +3 = 0.

So that
x=4 or x = -3

Notice that both 4 and –3 are solutions of the original equation (x –4)(x +3)
= 0. By checking,

For x = 4: (x – 4)(x + 3) = 0
(4 – 4)(4 + 3) = 0
0(7) = 0
0 =0

For x = -3: (x – 4)(x + 3) = 0

(-3 – 4)(-3 + 3) = 0
(-7)(0) = 0
0=0

Example 2

Solve: x (2x – 9) = 0

Solution: x (2x – 9) = 0
x = 0 or 2x – 9 = 0 zero product property
2x = 9
9
x=
2

9
The solutions are 0 and .
2

The checking is left for you.

Try this out

I. A. Solve the following:

1. (x – 5)(x + 1) = 0
2. (x + 4)(x + 3) = 0
3. (x - 7)x = 0
4. (x + 10)(x – 3) = 0
5. (2x – 7)(x - 4) = 0
6. (3x – 4)(2x + 9) = 0
7. (6x + 5)(7x + 1) = 0

8
 8. (x – 2 )(x + 3 ) = 0
x
9. ( – 5)(x + 1) = 0
2
x 1
10. ( – )x = 0
3 2
11. (5x + 1)(x – 7) = 0
12. (4t + 1)(3t –2) = 0
13. (x – 3)(x + 6) = 0
14. y(3y – 17) = 0

B. What is wrong with the following solutions?

a. (x – 3)(x + 4) = 0
x = -3 or x=4

b. (x – 3)(x + 4) = 8
x –3 = 2 or x+4=4
x=5 x =0

In the equation x2 + x = 30, you cannot apply the zero product property
right away because it is not in the product form, like the ones you just did. Notice,
too, that it does not have a zero on one side. Well, this can be overcome by
writing the equation in standard form.

So that, x2 + x = 30 becomes x2 + x –30 = 0.

Still, it is not in the product form. By factoring the left side of the equation,
you may eventually apply the zero - product property to finally solve the equation.

Thus,
x2 + x = 30
x2 + x –30 = 0 Addition property of equality
(x + 6)(x - 5) = 0 Factoring

x+6 = 0 or x–5=0 Zero-product property

x = -6 x=5

The method in finding the solution that has just been illustrated is called
Factoring.

By experience, it should be noted that not all quadratic trinomials are

factorable. Thus, the factoring method does not always work. Other methods of
solving quadratic equations will be discussed later. In the meantime, study the
following examples solved by factoring.

9
Example 3

Solve x² + 5x + 6 = 0

Solution: Since the equation is already in standard form, that is, the
right-hand side of the equation is already 0, then you may do
factoring right away.

x² + 5x + 6 = 0
(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0 Factoring

x +2 = 0 or x+3=0 Zero product property

x = -2 x = -3

The solutions are –2 and –3.

Check: If x = -2, then x² + 5x + 6 = 0

(-2)² + 5(-2) + 6 = 0
4 – 10 + 6 = 0
-6 – 6 = 0
0=0

if x = -3, then x² + 5x + 6 = 0
(-3)² + 5(-3) + 6 = 0
9 – 15 + 6 = 0
-6 – 6 = 0
0=0

Example 4

Solve for x: x2 = x + 6

Solution: To solve by factoring method, rewrite first the equation in

standard form.

x2 = x + 6
x2 -x–6=0 then factor;
(x-3) (x+2) = 0 apply the zero product property

x–3=0 or x+2=0
x=3 x = -2

The solutions are 3 and -2.

Check: If x = 3, then x2 = x + 6
(3)2 = 3 + 6

10
 9=9

If x = -2, then x2 = x + 6
(-2)2 = -2 + 6
4=4

From the above examples, can you identify the steps used in solving
quadratic equations?

Example 5

Solve x² - 8x = -16.

Solution: Again, the equation is not in standard form. So, rewrite the
equation in standard form.

x² - 8x = -16
x² - 8x + 16 = 0 Addition Property of Equality
(x – 4)(x – 4) = 0 Factoring

x–4=0 or x–4=0 Zero product property

x=4 x=4

Since the two solutions are equal, it is not right to say that the solutions
are 4 and 4. It is alright to say that there is only one solution, 4.

Observe that the left- hand side of the equation in Example 5 is a perfect
square trinomial.

Remark Keep in mind that you must have 0 on one side before you can use
the zero-product property. Get all nonzero terms on one side and 0
on the other.

Example 6

Solve for a: (2a + 1)(a -1) = (3a -2)(2a - 4)

Solution: (2a + 1)(a -1) = (3a -2)(2a - 4)

2a2 – a – 1 = 6a2 – 16a + 8 Writing in standard form
0 = 4a2 – 15a + 9
0 = (4a - 3)(a-3) Factoring

4a – 3 = 0 or a -3 = 0 Zero product property

3
a= a=3
4

11
 3
The solutions are and 3.
4

Check: Substitute 3 for a in the original equation

(2a + 1)(a - 1) = (3a - 2)(2a - 4)

(2(3)+1) (3 - 1) = (3(3) - 2) (2(3) - 4)
(6 + 1) (2) = (9 - 2) (6 - 4)
7(2) = 7(2)

3
What about when a = , will it also satisfy the original equation?
4

Checking for this value is now left for you.

Example 7

Solve for x. (x - 6)(x + 1) = 8

Solution: Be careful with an equation like this one! It might be tempting to

set each factor equal to 8. You just cannot apply the zero-
product property since one side of the equation is not zero. This
means that the equation has to be written into the standard form
just like the previous examples.

(x - 6)(x + 1) = 8
x2 - 5x - 6 = 8 By multiplication
x2 - 5x - 14 = 0 Writing in standard form
(x - 7)(x + 2) = 0 Factoring

x - 7 = 0 or x + 2 = 0 Zero product property

x=7 x = -2

The solutions are 7 and –2.

Check: If x = 7: (x - 6)(x +1) = 8

(7- 6)(7+1) = 8
(1)(8) = 8
8=8

If x = -2: (x -6)(x + 1) = 8
(-2 - 6)(-2+1) = 8
(-8)(-1) = 8
8=8

12
Try this out

II. Solve by factoring

A. 1. x2 - x - 6 = 0
2. t2 – 2t - 8 = 0
3. t2 – 7t + 10 = 0
4. x2 - x - 12 = 0
5. x2 - 3x - 10 = 0
6. x2 - 8x + 15 = 0
7. 2x2 - 3x - 9 = 0
8. x2 - 7x - 30 = 0
9. x2 +14 +9x = 0
10. x2 +33 – 14x = 0

B. 1. 2a2 = 11a – 12
2. -x2 = 8 – 9x
3. 2x(x+3) - 36 = 0
4. 2x (x+3) = 20
5. 3x2 - 2x - 6 = 2x2 - 6x - 3

C. 1. (x + 2)2 = 25
2. (x - 4)(x + 1) = (x-3)(x-2)
3. (x + 3)2 = 3x2 + 17
4. (x - 2)2 = 2x2 – 11x + 10
5. (y + 2)(y + 5) = 10

Notice that all of the quadratic equations you have studied and solved in
this lesson are factorable complete forms of quadratic equations.

The following incomplete form of quadratic equations may also be solved

by the factoring method:

Example 8

Solve for x. x2 - 3x = 0

Solution: Be careful with this one, too. A common mistake is to divide

both sides of the equation by the variable x. This is not allowed
because you are not sure about the value of the variable x. The
right way to solve this is as follows:

x2 - 3x = 0

x(x -3) = 0 By factoring, x is the common monomial factor

x=0 or x-3=0 Zero-product property

13
 x=3

The solutions are 0 and 3.

Check: If x =0 x2 - 3x = 0
(0)2 – 3(0) = 0
0=0

If x = 3 x2 - 3x = 0
(3)2 – 3(3) = 0
9 -9 = 0
0=0

Example 9

Solve for y: 6y2 + 8y = 0

Solution: 2y(3y + 4) = 0 By factoring, y is the common monomial factor

2y = 0 or 3y +4 = 0 Zero-product property
y=0 3y = -4
4
y=-
3

4
The solutions are 0 and - .
3

Check: If y = 0 6y2 + 8y = 0
6(0)2 + 8(0) = 0
0=0

4
If y = - 6y2 + 8y = 0
3
4 4
6(- )2 + 8(- ) = 0
3 3
16 32
6( ) – =0
9 3
16 32
2( ) - =0
3 3
32 32
– =0
3 3
0=0

Observe that Examples 8 and 9 are of the form ax2 + bx = 0.

14
Example 10

Solve for x : x2 -144 = 0

Solution: x2 -144 = 0
(x -12)(x + 12) = 0 By factoring
x -12 = 0 or x + 12 = 0 Zero-product property
x = 12 x = -12

The solutions are 12 and –12.

Check: If x = 12: x2 -144 = 0

(12)2 -144 = 0
144 – 144 = 0
0=0

If x = -12: x2 -144 = 0
(-12)2 -144 = 0
144 – 144 = 0
0=0

Observe that Example 10 is of the form ax2 + c = 0. The method used is

factoring the difference of two squares.

Finally, note that the types of factoring used in solving quadratic equations
by the factoring method are quadratic trinomials, common monomial factor, the
difference of two squares and perfect square binomials.

Try this out

III. Find the solution by factoring:

A. 1. 2a(a + 3) = 0
2. 3z2 – 15z = 0
3. x2 + 3x = 11x
4. 2x2 – 18x = 0
5. x2 = 14x
6. x2 - 121 = 0
7. 25x2 - 4 = 0
8. 4x2 - 9 = 0
9. x2 - 4 = 60
10. 3p2 - 5 = 7

B. 1. 2x2 -8 = 0
2. x2 + x = 0
3. 2p2 = 50

15
 4. 3x2 = 27
5. 6x2 –3x = 0
6. 3x² -5 = 0
7. 25x² = 4
8. x² = 0
9. 5x² = 0
10. –3x² = 0

C. 1. 6x2 – x -2 = 0
2. 3x2 + x -2 = 0
3. 6x2 + 37x + 6 = 0
4. 5x2 + 13x - 6 = 0
5. x2 – 5x + 6 = 0

D. What is wrong with the following solution?

x² - 7x +12 = 7
(x – 3)(x – 4) = 7

x–3=7 or x–4=7
x = 10 x = 11

Lesson 4

Solving Quadratic Equations by Extracting Square Roots

As mentioned in Lesson 3, the factoring works only when the left–hand

side of a quadratic equation in standard form is factorable. For example, the
quadratic equations x2 + 5x +1 = 0 and x2 - 20 = 0 cannot be solved by factoring.
There must be other methods to solve such equations.

The square root method is used in solving incomplete quadratic

equations of the form x2 = c, when c is a non-negative number. As you have seen
in lesson 3, some quadratic equations of the form x2 = 16 can be solved by
factoring.

The Square Root Property of Real Numbers

If u2 = d, then u = d or u = - d for d  0.

A shorter way of writing the two solutions u = d and u = - d is to write

using double sign notation: u =  d

16
Example 1

Solve x2 – 5 = 0

Solution: x2 – 5 = 0
x2 = 5 Writing in the form x2 = c
x= 5 Square root property

x= 5 or x = - 5

The solutions are 5 and - 5 .

Check: If x = 5: x2 – 5 = 0
( 5 )² - 5 = 0
5–5=0
0=0

If x = - 5 : x² - 5 = 0
(- 5 )² – 5 = 0
5–5=0
0=0

Example 2

Solve the equation x2 = 16

Solution: x2 = 16
x =  16 Apply the square root property
x = 4

x = 4 or x = -4

The solutions are 4 and –4.

Check: If x =4: x2 = 16
42 = 16
16 = 16

If x = -4: x2 = 16
(-4)2 = 16
16 = 16

17
Example 3

Solve the equation 3x2 – 9 =0

Solution: 3x2 – 9 = 0 Writing in the form x2 =c

3x2 = 9 By subtraction property
x2 = 3 By division property
x= 3 Apply the square root property
x= 3 or x = - 3

The solutions are 3 and - 3 .

Check: If x = 3 : 3x2 –9 = 0
3( 3 )2 - 9 = 0
3(3) – 9 = 0
0=0

If x = - 3 : 3x2 –9 = 0
3(- 3 )2 - 9 = 0
3(3) – 9 = 0
0=0

Example 4

Solve for the roots 2x2 +7 = 1

Solution: 2x2 = -6
x2 = -3
x =  3 There are no real solutions.

The equation has no real solution because  3 does not exist in the set
of real numbers.

Example 5

Solve (x + 1)2 = 9

Solution: (x + 1)2 = 9
x +1 =  9 Extracting square roots
x+1 =  3 Solving the equation

x + 1 = 3 or x + 1 = -3
x=2 x = -4

18
 The solutions are 2 and –4.

Check: If x = 2: (x+1)2 = 9
(2+1)2 = 9
32 = 9
9=9

If x = -4: (x+1)2 = 9
(-4+1)2 = 9
(-3) 2 = 9
9=9

Note that the equation can also be solved by factoring.

Hence, (x + 1)2 = 9
x2 + 2x + 1 = 9
x2 + 2x + 1- 9 = 0
x2 + 2x - 8 = 0
(x - 2)(x + 4) = 0

x -2 = 0 or x + 4 = 0
x=2 x = -4

Not all equations of the form (x + p)2 = d, can also be solved by factoring,
as you will see in the next example.

Example 6

Solve for x: (x + 3)2 = 7

Solution: Using the factoring method

(x + 3)2 = 7
x2 + 6x + 9 = 7 Finding the product of the square
2
x + 6x + 9 -7 = 0 Writing in standard form
x2 + 6x + 2 = 0 Not factorable

Using the square root method:

(x + 3)2 = 7
x+3= 7 Apply the square root property
x = -3  7 Simplify and solve for x

x = -3 - 7 or x = -3 + 7

19
 The solutions are –3 - 7 and –3 + 7.

Separating the equation x +3 =  7 into two equations did not yield any
simplification of the answers. In such case it is all right to write x = -3  7

Whenever you encounter a radical that is a rational number, you may just
leave the answer in this form. However, if the radical is not an irrational number,
then it is expected that you give each answer individually, as in the following
example.

Example 7

2 1
Solve for x. (x – )² =
3 4

2 1
Solution: (x – )² =
3 4
2 1
x– =  Take square roots
3 4
2 1
x– = 
3 2
2 1
x =  Addition Property
3 2

2 1 2 1
x = + or x = -
3 2 3 2
43 43
x= x=
6 6
7 1
x= x=
6 6

7 1
The solutions are and . The checking is left for you.
6 6

Try this out

Solve using the square root method. If the equation has no real solution, write no
real solution.

A. 1. x2 = 25
2. b2 – 36 = 0
3. 9b2 – 16 = 0

20
 4. b2 + 16 = 0
5. 25x2 = 4
6. 9b2 =4
7. 49x2 = 100
8. 11w2 = 11
9. a2 – 60 = 21
10. y2 + 144 = 0

B. 1. 7y2 – 4 = 5y2 + 6
2. 3a2 – 18 = 5a2 – 10
3. (x - 2)2 = 9
4. (a + 5)2 = 7
5. (x - 6)2 = 25

C. Solve each equation by either factoring method or square root method,

which ever you think is easier to use.

1. 2x2 + 7x - 5 = 3x2 + 9x – 4
2. x2 + 4x + 9 = 3x2 + 4x + 1
3. (y - 2)(y + 3) = y + 10
2 2 4
4. (m – ) =
3 9
1 2 9
5. (d + ) =
4 16

D. Justify each step in solving the equation x² + 4x – 7 = 0.

x² + 4x – 7 = 0
x² + 4x = 7
x² + 4x +4 = 7 + 4
x² + 4x + 4 = 11
(x + 2)² = 11
x +2 =  11
x = -2  11

x = -2 + 11 or x = -2 - 11

21
 Let’s Summarize
1. A linear equation is an equation of the form bx + c = 0, where b ≠ 0.

2. A quadratic equation is an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a,

b and c are real numbers and a  0.

3. Incomplete forms of quadratic equations are:

ax² + bx = 0
ax² + c = 0
ax² = 0

4. Every quadratic equation has two solutions or roots. They may be distinct
or equal.

5. Two methods of solving quadratic equations are:

a. The factoring method Works for quadratic equations of the form ax2
+ bx = 0 and ax2 + bx + c = 0, where the left hand side is factorable.

The equation has to be in standard form or the right-hand side of

the equation must be 0 before factoring is applied.

b. the square root method works for quadratic equations of the form
ax2 + c = 0 and (x + p)2 = d. It is not necessary for the equation to
be in standard form.

What have you learned

A. Which of the following are quadratic equations? If not tell why.

1. x² +4 –2x
2. 3x² -5x + 1 = 3x²
3. (x –4)(x+5) = 10x - 3

B. Rewrite the following in the standard form

4. b(b + 9) = 4(5 + 2b)

5. (y +2)(y + 5) = (2y – 1)(y + 6)
6. 5(x + 1)² = 2(x – 3) +7

22
C. Use the factoring method to solve each equation

7. x2 – 9 = 0
8. x2 + 5x + 6 = 0
9. 2x2 + 19x = 0
10. x2 - 6x + 9 = 0

D. Use the square root method to solve each equation

11. x2 = 1
12. 3x2 = 243
13. (x+1) 2 = 25
14. 10x2 – 70 = 0
15. (x+2) 2 = 81

23
 Answer Key
How much do you know

1. quadratic equation
2. Not quadratic equation
3. Quadratic equation
4. x² - 7x – 42 = 0
5. x² -5x - 14 = 0
6. 3x² + 13x – 10 = 0
7. –5, 2
8. 0, 4
9. –2, 12
10. 1, 5
11. –5, 5
12. - 5 , 5
13. –3  10
14. 4  11
15. no real solution

Try this out

Lesson 1

1. quadratic equation
2. linear equation
3. neither
4. quadratic equation
5. linear equation
6. quadratic equation
7. linear equation
8. linear equation
9. neither
10. quadratic equation
11. neither
12. quadratic equation
13. quadratic equation
14. linear equation
15. quadratic equation
16. neither
17. neither
18. quadratic equation
19. quadratic equation
20. quadratic equation

24
Lesson 2

A.
1. 4x² - 11x – 7 = 0 a = 4, b = -11, c = -7
2. 2x² - 3x – 20 = 0 a = 2, b = -3, c = -20
3. 6x² - 5x + 4 = 0 a = 6, b = -5, c = 4
4. x² - 3x + 9 = 0 a = 1, b = -3, c = 9
5. 5x² - 3x = 0 a = 5, b = -3, c = 0
6. 4x² - 20 = 0 a = 4, b = 0, c = -20
7. 7x² - 9 = 0 a = 7, b = 0, c = -9
8. x² - 4x + 5 = 0 a = 1, b = -4, c = 5
9. 3x² - 2x = 0 a = 3, b = -2, c = 0
10. 5x² + 4 = 0 a = 5, b =0, c = 4

B.
1. x² + x – 7 = 0 a =1, b = 1, c = -7
2. 2x² - 14x – 5 = 0 a = 2, b = -14, c = -5
3. x² - 10x + 12 = 0 a = 1, b = -10, c = 12
4. x² - 14x + 52 = 0 a = 1, b = -14, c = 52
5. x² - 5x – 5 = 0 a = 1, b = -5, c = -5
6. 3z² + 2z – 7 = 0 a = 3, b = 2, c = -7
7. y² + 9 = 0 a = 1, b = 0, c = 9
8. p² - 12p – 1 = 0 a = 1, b = -12, c = -1
9. x² + 2x +3 = 0 a = 1, b = 2, c = 3
10. y² + 4y – 16 = 0 a = 1, b = 4, c = -16

C.
1. 3x² - 6x + 1 = 0 a = 3, b = -6, c = 1
2. 5x² - 2 = 0 a = 5, b = 0, c = -2
3. 3x² + 10x + 31 = 0 a = 3, b = 10, c =31
4. 2x² - 5x + 2 = 0 a = 2, b = -5, c = 2
5. 3x² + 2x – 12 = 0 a = 3, b = 2, c = -12

Lesson 3

I. A.
1. –1, 5
2. –4, -3
3. 0, 7
4. –10, 3
7
5. ,4
2
9 4
6. – ,
2 3

25
 5 1
7. – ,-
6 7
8. - 3 , 2
9. –1, 10
3
10. 0,
2
1
11. – , 7
5
1 2
12. – ,
4 3
13. –6, 3
17
14. 0,
3

B.
a. The computed solutions were taken right away from (x – 3) and (x + 4)
without applying the zero-product property. The solutions should be 3
and –4.

b. The right-hand side should have been set to 0.

II. A.
1. –2, 3
2. –2, 4
3. 2, 5
4. –3, 4
5. –2, 5
6. 3, 5
3
7. – , 3
2
8. –3, 10
9. –7, -2
10. 3, 11

3
B. 1. ,4
2
2. 1, 8
3. –6, 3
4. –5, 2
5. not factorable over the rationals

C. 1. –7, 3
2. not factorable over the rationals
3. not factorable over the rationals

26
 4. 1, 6
5. –7, 0

III.

A. 1. –3, 0
2. 0, 5
3. 0, 8
4. 0, 9
5. 0, 14
6. –11, 11
2
7. 
5
3
8. 
2
9.  8
10.  2

B. 1. 2
2. –1, 0
3. 5
4. 3
1
5. 0,
2
6. not factorable over the rationals
2
7. 
5
8. 0
9. 0
10. 0

2 1
C. 1. ,-
3 2
2
2. –1,
3
1
3. –6, -
6
2
4. –3,
5
5. 2, 3

D. Factoring was applied on the left-hand side of the equation while the right-
hand side is not yet 0.

27
Lesson 4

A. 1.  5
2.  6
4
3. 
3
4. no real solution
2
5. 
5
2
6. 
3
10
7. 
7
8.  1
9.  9
10. no real solution

B. 1.  5
2. no real solution
3. 5, -1
4. –5  7
5. 1, 11

C. 1. Factoring method; - 1
2. Square root method;  2
3. Square root method;  4
4
4. square root method; 0,
3
1
5. square root method; -1,
2

D.
x² + 4x – 7 = 0
x² + 4x = 7 Subtract 7 on both sides
x² + 4x +4 = 7 + 4 Complete the square by adding (4/2)² on both sides
x² + 4x + 4 = 11 Simplify
(x + 2)² = 11 Factor the left-hand side
x +2 =  11 Apply square root property
x = -2  11 Subtract 2 on both sides

What have you learned

1. not an equation
2. linear equation

28
3. quadratic equation
4. b² + b – 20 = 0
5. y² + 4y – 16 = 0
6. 5x² + 8x + 4 = 0
7. 3
8. –3, -2
 19
9. 0,
2
10. 3
11.  1
12.  9
13. –6, 4
14.  7
15. –11, 7

29