Paper Review: An Implication of Dynamic Virtual Memory Usage Under Real Time Constraints

School of Graduate Studies
Paper Review: An Implication of Dynamic

Virtual Memory Usage under Real Time
Constraints
A Project in A Dynamic Virtual Memory Management under Real-Time Constraints

Presented to the Faculty of
Graduate Studies of
Systems Plus College Foundation
Balibago, Angeles City
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Masters in Information Technology
Robell H. Samson
November 15, 2019

ADVANCED OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS
STUDENT NAME : ROBELL H. SAMSON
DEGREE : MASTERS IN INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
PAPER REVIEWED : A Dynamic Virtual Memory Management

under Real-Time Constraints
Authors: Martin Böhnert

Christoph Scholl
Abstract
In this work we tend to describe a replacement memory
management conception that permits the employment of each virtual and dynamic
memory management at a similar time within the context of real time systems. For a
set size of the virtual address area, the operations of memory allocation, de-allocation and
access have a continuing complexness. Thus our approach is extremely suited to period
of time environments with laborious deadlines. We tend to use economic data-structures
to yield runtimes that are on the brink of ancient static memory management ideas, and –
at a similar time offer the user with the total flexibility of each virtual and dynamic
memory management. Our approach is predicated on novel OS elements and a
completely unique period of time aware store management unit (RTMMU) in hardware.
However, they’re starting to show their age thanks to current trends, important will
increase in physical memory size, rising data-intensive applications, and close non-
volatile main memory. These trends decision into question whether or not page-based
address-translation and protection mechanisms.
Introduction and Discussions
Virtual memory is one amongst the nice concepts in technology. The basic

mechanisms accustomed implement VM – pages, page tables, and TLBs – have served
remarkably well since their introduction within the Nineteen Sixties. However,
applications and their memory use have modified tremendously over time,
in massive half due to the tremendous growth in physical memory capacities.
In the late Nineteen Sixties, systems had at the most a couple of megabytes of physical
memory; servers currently supply many gigabytes or perhaps terabytes. This growth is
anticipated to continue and accelerate: although DRAM scaling is retardation , non-
volatile memory technologies are chop-chop advancing and may offer bigger
density than DRAM , any increasing physical memory capacity. To be ready to develop
application software package in an exceedingly convenient and economical manner these
standard functions ought to be realized by system calls of a real time OS (i.e. by pre-
designed components). For embedded microsystems with restricted resources this
approach is only potential if it doesn't imply an oversized overhead resulting in
a violation of potency necessities or to a violation of period of time constraints.
Motivation and Context
The focus of this work lies on memory management beneath real-time constraints.

Since giant reminiscences are critical the need for shrinking and low power consumption,
memory resources of embedded microsystems are typically strictly limited. The goals of
our memory management strategies are the following:
1. Dynamic memory allocation, ought to be supported, e.g., for having the
ability to react to dynamic changes within the system setting.
2. Available memory resources ought to be used
as expeditiously as potential. Wasting memory (e.g. by fragmentation,

delayed unharness of unused memory) ought to be avoided the maximum
amount as potential.
3. Virtual memory management (VMM) should be supported. VMM
provides freelance address areas for various tasks, is ready to comprehend

memory protection, and helps to forestall fragmentation of the physical
memory once memory is allocated and de-allocated dynamically.
4. In order to meet period needs, basic operations like memory allocation,
access and unleash should be as quick as possible; the complexness of those

operations ought to be knowledge freelance and restricted by
(small) higher bounds.
Related Work
An approach for time period systems is conferred which organizes computer
memory regions into intervals and uses a linear mapping of the computer

memory regions to physical memory. This approach suffers from associate
degree increasing fragmentation of the physical memory, though it uses virtual
memory. Moreover, the runtime quality isn't freelance from the quantity of entries within
the page table. Other approaches use computer memory management solely
for parts while not onerous time period constraints such because the virtual read-only
storage construct for portable applications. It introduce a specialized virtual memory
management for laborious period tasks by alleged modular page tables, however they are
doing not solve the matter of explicit de-allocations in constant time. An extensive body
of analysis on computer memory systems and optimizations extends back quite fifty
years. In this section, we tend to in short specialize in subject analysis associated with
the learning’s and implications of our measuring results. Significantly relevant during
this context are recent studies of increased TLB design, extensions to deal
with translation for giant memory and single-address area systems
Overview of Modeling Method
This paper review uses a programming language C++, or Data Structure and
Algorithm. It uses Sorting and Searching. Sorting is the process or method of
composition things consistently, and has 2 common, however distinct meanings: one.
Ordering: composition things in a very sequence ordered by some criterion; a pair of.
Categorizing: grouping things with similar properties. They use Array for dynamic
allocation where the process can allocate and de-allocate the memory in runtime. To
fixed the size of virtual space address, the operations of memory allocation is to de-
allocate and access in constant complexity.
Tool Support
Based on the paper review about A Dynamic Virtual Memory Management under
Real-Time Constraints and based on what I read about the paper they design this to allow
the address translation and address checking in constant time on cache miss. This
constant time is the strong contrast to the possible cost in traditional virtual memory
organizations.
Industrial Case Study and Lesson Learned
A dynamic memory allocation technique on VMware digital computer, which

incorporates memory adjustment on with memory growing, memory emotional and
international memory allocation techniques. This memory management technique
provides a versatile memory area for various guest domains betting on the tasks that are
running on that. The Memory allocation during this work can meet the memory demand
quickly by victimization exponential growth mode in many times and memory emotional
algorithmic program unharness the unused memory, which might cut back the amount of
memory allocation. Moreover, the world memory allocation methodology squeeze
memories from alternative guest domains whose memory utilization is in an exceedingly
low level however still in rational vary. This memory management technique leads to
effective utilization of memory in virtual machines. This paper review learned that a
virtual memory is the important feature of modern computer architectures.
Highlights
The highlights of this paper review are both the dynamic and virtual
memory management are wide used ideas in desktop and server environments. Despite
the benefits of those, their use within the context of embedded
real-time systems has been restricted. Existing virtual memory management systems have
runtimes that depend upon the size of the requested memory. For this reason embedded
real-time systems refrain from victimization memory, because these mechanisms are
viewed as a main obstacle to tight estimates of worst-case execution times associate
degreed therefore to an efficient programing of processes In several cases, fixed and
contiguous memory regions are assigned to every method and there is a static memory
management strategy for every method Clearly, this usually results in a large
overestimation of the memory resources that are very needed.
Title and Content
A Dynamic Virtual Memory Management under Real-Time Constraints
Impact
The primary advantages of computer storage embrace releasing applications from

having to manage a shared memory house, accumulated security thanks to memory
isolation, and having the ability to conceptually use additional memory than could
be physically obtainable, victimization the technique of paging.
Strengths
In Dynamic Partitions of memory are created dynamically, so every method is loaded

into a partition of precisely the same size as that process. The strength of this, there is No
internal fragmentation; additional economical use of main memory. No external
fragmentation; higher degree of multiprogramming; large virtual address space.
Inefficient use of memory due to internal fragmentation; maximum number of active
processes is fixed.
Weaknesses
Inefficient use of processor because of the necessity for compaction to counter

external fragmentation. There is Overhead of complex memory management.
Conclusions
This paper we've conferred role of dynamic memory allocation in memory

management. Within which we've discussed memory management style issue, and both
ends of dynamic memory allocation (advantages and
disadvantages). We’ve additionally compared static and dynamic allocation with the
assistance of worker management data system (EIMS). We tend to conclude that dynamic
memory allocation is art of handling computer memory with some quality price. Another
key advantage of our approach exploitation computer storage is its exaggerated memory
efficiency: Physical memory is only used, if it's extremely required for browse or write
accesses, and unused physical memory is straight away came back
to the system.
References
D. E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, 3rd ed. AddisonWesley

Longman, 2005, vol. 1 Fundamental algorithms, ch. 2.5. Dynamic Storage
Allocation, pp. 435–456.
P. R. Wilson, M. S. Johnstone, M. Neely, and D. Boles, “Dynamic storage
allocation: A survey and critical review,” in Memory Management, International
Workshop IWMM 95, ser. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, H. G. Baker, Ed.,
vol. 986, 1995, pp. 1–116.
Dipti Diwase, Shraddha Shah, Tushar Diwase, Priya Rathod. (2012). Survey
Report on Memory Allocation Strategies for Real Time Operating System in
Context with Embedded Devices. IJERA Internet Computing [Online]. 2(3), pp.
1151- 1156. Available
Manish Mehta, David J. DeWitt Dynamic Memory Allocation for Multiple-Query
Workloads Computer Science Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison
K. Colbert and R.Venkatasubramanian, “Understanding Host &
Guest Memory Usage and Related Memory Management Concepts,”
VMWORLD 2007.
R. Chandra, S. Devine, A. Gupta, and M. Rosenblum, “Scheduling
and Page Migration for Multiprocessor Compute Servers, “Proc.
ACM Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages and
Kurt Mehlhorn
EATCS Monographs on Theoretical Computer Science
1984
1. Operating Systems (ASPLOS’94),

pp.12-24, Oct. 1994.
Eddy de Greef, Francky Catthoor, Hugo De Man
Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Application-Specific Systems,
Architectures and Processors
1997
import java.util.*;
class Operator
{
private int num;
//function to get value of num

public void getNum(int x)
{
num=x;
}
public int productDigits()
{
int n,pro;
n=num;
pro=1;
while(n>0)
{
pro *=(n%10);
n/=10;
}
return pro;
}
}
public class Operand
{
public static void main(String []s)
{
Operator dig=new Operator();
int n;
Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter an +ve integer number:");

n=sc.nextInt();
dig.getNum(n);
System.out.println("SUM of all digits: " + dig.sumDigits());
System.out.println("PRODUCT of all digits: " + dig.productDigits());
}
}

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School of Graduate Studies

Paper Review: An Implication of Dynamic

A Project in A Dynamic Virtual Memory Management under Real-Time Constraints

November 15, 2019

ADVANCED OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS

STUDENT NAME : ROBELL H. SAMSON

DEGREE : MASTERS IN INFORMATION

PAPER REVIEWED : A Dynamic Virtual Memory Management

Authors: Martin Böhnert

Introduction and Discussions

Virtual memory is one amongst the nice concepts in technology. The basic

Motivation and Context

The focus of this work lies on memory management beneath real-time constraints.

1. Dynamic memory allocation, ought to be supported, e.g., for having the

ability to react to dynamic changes within the system setting.

2. Available memory resources ought to be used

as expeditiously as potential. Wasting memory (e.g. by fragmentation,

3. Virtual memory management (VMM) should be supported. VMM

provides freelance address areas for various tasks, is ready to comprehend

4. In order to meet period needs, basic operations like memory allocation,

access and unleash should be as quick as possible; the complexness of those

An approach for time period systems is conferred which organizes computer

memory regions into intervals and uses a linear mapping of the computer

memory regions to physical memory. This approach suffers from associate

degree increasing fragmentation of the physical memory, though it uses virtual

memory. Moreover, the runtime quality isn't freelance from the quantity of entries within

the page table. Other approaches use computer memory management solely

for parts while not onerous time period constraints such because the virtual read-only

storage construct for portable applications. It introduce a specialized virtual memory

management for laborious period tasks by alleged modular page tables, however they are

doing not solve the matter of explicit de-allocations in constant time. An extensive body

of analysis on computer memory systems and optimizations extends back quite fifty

years. In this section, we tend to in short specialize in subject analysis associated with

the learning’s and implications of our measuring results. Significantly relevant during

this context are recent studies of increased TLB design, extensions to deal

with translation for giant memory and single-address area systems

Overview of Modeling Method

Industrial Case Study and Lesson Learned

A dynamic memory allocation technique on VMware digital computer, which

Title and Content

A Dynamic Virtual Memory Management under Real-Time Constraints

The primary advantages of computer storage embrace releasing applications from

In Dynamic Partitions of memory are created dynamically, so every method is loaded

Inefficient use of processor because of the necessity for compaction to counter

This paper we've conferred role of dynamic memory allocation in memory

D. E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, 3rd ed. AddisonWesley

1. Operating Systems (ASPLOS’94),

//function to get value of num

Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);

System.out.print("Enter an +ve integer number:");

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