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    A2 27 2012 Ylmazetal TheDomesticatedDonkeyIEconomicImportanceUncommonUsageetc 3 5 PDF

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    harry
    This document summarizes information about donkeys, including: - Faunal remains and rock art representations of donkeys are rare, possibly because donkeys were mostly used by poor households and had low prestige. - It provides scientific classification of donkeys, placing them in the kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, order Perissodactyla, family Equidae, genus Equus, subgenus Asinus, and species E. asinus. - It discusses English, Flemish, and Latin terms for donkeys, and how the word "ass" became problematic in American English, leading to preferred use of "donkey".

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    A2 27 2012 Ylmazetal TheDomesticatedDonkeyIEconomicImportanceUncommonUsageetc 3 5 PDF

    Uploaded by

    harry
    29 views3 pages
    This document summarizes information about donkeys, including: - Faunal remains and rock art representations of donkeys are rare, possibly because donkeys were mostly used by poor households and had low prestige. - It provides scientific classification of donkeys, placing them in the kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, order Perissodactyla, family Equidae, genus Equus, subgenus Asinus, and species E. asinus. - It discusses English, Flemish, and Latin terms for donkeys, and how the word "ass" became problematic in American English, leading to preferred use of "donkey".

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    This document summarizes information about donkeys, including: - Faunal remains and rock art representations of donkeys are rare, possibly because donkeys were mostly used by poor households and had low prestige. - It provides scientific classification of donkeys, placing them in the kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, order Perissodactyla, family Equidae, genus Equus, subgenus Asinus, and species E. asinus. - It discusses English, Flemish, and Latin terms for donkeys, and how the word "ass" became problematic in American English, leading to preferred use of "donkey".

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    29 views3 pages

    A2 27 2012 Ylmazetal TheDomesticatedDonkeyIEconomicImportanceUncommonUsageetc 3 5 PDF

    Uploaded by

    harry
    This document summarizes information about donkeys, including: - Faunal remains and rock art representations of donkeys are rare, possibly because donkeys were mostly used by poor households and had low prestige. - It provides scientific classification of donkeys, placing them in the kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, order Perissodactyla, family Equidae, genus Equus, subgenus Asinus, and species E. asinus. - It discusses English, Flemish, and Latin terms for donkeys, and how the word "ass" became problematic in American English, leading to preferred use of "donkey".

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 3

    Can J App Sci 2012; 4(2): 339-353 Orhan et al.

    , 2012

    agriculture. Despite the importance of the domesticated donkey, faunal remains and rock art
    representations of donkeys are extremely rare. This can possibly be explained by the fact that
    donkeys have mostly been important for poor households and have consequently had low
    prestige. 5

    Figure 1. 2 weeks (left) and 6 months (right)Lupenyo


    (www.donkeypower.donkecology.com)

    Figure 2. Browsing Manda Figure 7. Grazing Mulonga


    (www.donkeypower.donkecology.com) (www.donkeypower.donkecology.com )

    Terms
    In English, the proper word for a donkey is ‘ass’. The word ‘donkey’ is an etymologically
    obscure word. The first written attestation of it dates to ∼1785, and it seems to have been
    340
    Can J App Sci 2012; 4(2): 339-353 Orhan et al., 2012

    introduced in the 19th century, possibly derived from the Flemish ‘dunnetjie’, meaning small
    and dun-coloured. In Flemish and Dutch the word for ass is also ‘esel’, which, like the French
    word ‘âne’, clearly derives from the Latin ‘asinus’, signifying that the donkey was introduced
    to most of Europe by the Romans. 17
    Taxonomy
    Table 1. Scientific classification of the donkey.
    Kingdom Animale Family Equidae
    Phylum Chordata Genus Equus
    Class Mammalia Subgenus Asinus
    Order Perissodactyla Species E. asinus
    (Yarkin, 1962)

    Figure 3. Calf training (www.donkeypower.donkecology.com)

    Figure 4. Horse& donkey skeletons superposed (www.donkeypower.donkecology.com)

    341
    Can J App Sci 2012; 4(2): 339-353 Orhan et al., 2012

    Figure 5. Hoof underside (www.donkeypower.donkecology.com)

    Figure 6.Donkey skeleton (www.donkeypower.donkecology.com)


    The word ‘ass’ was made problematic by American usage, in which the British word ‘arse,’
    spelled and pronounced that way but an offensive term for the part of the human body that is
    sat on, became pronounced and even spelled ‘ass’ in American English. This has done the
    animal no service, so the word ‘donkey’ is now preferred to ‘ass’. Positive associations as
    embodied in the English phrases ‘donkey’s years’ and ‘donkey work’ – reflecting the
    longevity of the animal and its capacity for hard work – presumably originated in the 19th
    century. 17
    Ass: The classic English word for Equus asinus. Used in the King James version of the
    Christian Bible, where donkeys often play an important role, mainly in the Old Testament.
    Donkey: Slang and now preferred alternative word for ‘ass’.
    Jack Stock (Jackstock): A group term for the American Mammoth Jack and Jennet, because
    the male version was used in breeding mules.
    342

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