What I Need to Know

Learning Objective
➢ Process entered data using appropriate software commands
➢ Print out data as required using computer hardware /peripheral devices in accordance with
standard operating procedures
➢ Transfer files and data between compatible systems using computer software,
hardware/peripheral devices in accordance

What I Know
Pretest

Lesson Proper
- Computer Application

What’s In
Review

About Input data into computer

What’s New
Activity

What is It
Discussion
Desktop Icons

The desktop

DESKTOP
ICONS

START
BUTTON TASKBAR

NOTIFICATION
AREA

• main screen that you see after turning on the computer

• serves as a surface for your work
• files or folders that is opened appears here
• includes
o taskbar
o start button
o notification area
o desktop icons

Knowing Desktop Icons

Icons
• part of the OS GUI or graphical user interface
• small pictures that represent files, folders, programs, and other items
• appear when you install an Operating System (OS), and some appear when you install new
programs
• shortcuts or links to programs, files, or folders has an arrow
o double click on a desktop icon to launch that program, folder or file.

Common Desktop Icons

 ICONS ICON NAMES WHAT THEY REPRESENT

MS Word
Programs
• represent shortcuts to various programs.
• they are shortcuts because they have an arrow
Skype • double-clicking on a certain icon will launch its
program on the desktop
• deleting the shortcut, you would only be
deleting the link of the program to your
Google Chrome computer not the actual program

Files
• icons that show a page represent a file
• double-clicking the icon will open the file in the
program it was created from
Document File • this icon indicates that this file was saved to
the desktop because it has no arrow
• deleting this icon is just like you are deleting
the actual file

Folders and drives

• Icons that show a folder represent a folder (if
Folder Shortcut without an arrow or shortcut to a folder (if it is
with an arrow)
• double-clicking the folder icon will open the
Windows Explorer window, and you will see
the contents of that folder
Drive Shortcut • double-clicking the hard disk icon will open the
Windows Explorer window, and you will see
the contents of that drive
Recycle Bin
Recycle Bin • icon is shown as a trash basket with the recycle
symbol on it
• double-clicking this icon will open the Recycle
Bin window and allows you to permanently
delete or restore files, as needed.

Working with Desktop Icons (Windows 10)

Common desktop icons include

• This PC
• personal folder
• Network
• Recycle Bin
 • Internet Explorer

Add or Remove Icons

You will notice that more and more icons are in your desktop while working with your
computer for a long time. This might be because you are your saving files in the desktop, or you are
adding shortcuts when you install new programs. You’ll need to clean your desktop regularly to
easily locate the needed files and keep the desktop free from a messy desktop.

Steps:
1. Open Settings and in the Search box type: desktop icons and hit Enter.

2. That will open up Themes then click on Desktop icon settings.

3. That opens the Desktop icon Settings screen where you can select the icons you want to
display or not to display. It also lets you to change the appearance of an icon, and allow
themes to change the icons.
Desktop shortcuts

Desktop icons are intended to enable fast access to frequently used programs, files, folders
and so on. Many of these icons are shortcuts, which will launch a program (or whatever) from
another location. You can make desktop shortcuts for almost anything on your computer like
programs, files, folders, windows and the like.

Steps:
1. Locate the item that you want to create a shortcut for (within Windows Explorer, or your
Computer folder, for example).
2. Right-click the item, click Send To, and then click Desktop (create shortcut).
3. The shortcut icon appears on your desktop.

Multiple icons

Steps:

1. You must first select all the icons you want to be moved or deleted at once.
• If icons are adjacent
i. Click and hold the left button of the mouse and drag it the selected icons
ii. Hold down Shift Key while clicking the uppermost icon to the lowermost
icon of choice
• If icons are far apart
i. Hold down Control Key while clicking the chosen icons
2. Drag the mouse to an empty space if you want it deleted or press the Delete Key to remove

Arrange, Resize, Show and Hide Icons

A new icon normally is placed on the left side of the screen. You can arrange icons on the
desktop that suit your preferences. You can also resize the icons to make the larger or smaller.

Steps:
• Right-click on the desktop
• Point View then select
i. Large icons
ii. Medium icons
iii. Small icons
iv. Auto arrange icons
v. Align icons to grid
vi. Show desktop icon

Recycle Bin

Deleting a file or folder does not actually get it deleted immediately, it goes to the Recycle
Bin. If ever you change your mind and decide that you still need a deleted file, you can get it back. If
you are sure that you will not need the deleted items again, you can empty the Recycle Bin and it
will permanently delete the items and recover the disk space they were using.
Keyboard Techniques

Why is proper typing technique important?

What keyboarding techniques should be used when typing on a computer keyboard?

Keyboarding
• a computer literacy tool
• a communication tool,
• a productivity tool (Keyboarding Strategies Guide, NBEA)

Keyboarding Posture and Technique

Posture
• The manner a typist
o sits while at the computer
o arms, wrists, fingers, legs, and feet are placed
Technique
• the appearance and keying style that a typist uses when operating the keyboard
• refers to where the typist positions his/her fingers on the keyboard
• the way the workstation is organized

Proper Posture and Technique

• Sit up straight
• Feet flat on the floor
• Body centered in front of the computer
• Elbows naturally by your side
• Fingers curved & upright
• Wrists low, but not touching the keyboard
• Make quick, snappy strokes on the keys
• Keep your fingers on the “Anchor” keys (F and J)
• Right pinky used for the Enter key; other fingers remain
on the home row keys
• Use the appropriate pinky for each Shift key
• Keep your eyes on the copy (what you are typing from), not the keyboard or your fingers

Effects of Poor Typing Technique

• Fatigue
• Stiff or aching shoulders, back, or neck
• Numbness or pain in wrists, elbows, or fingers, which can lead to injuries
o Repetitive Stress Injuries
▪ Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
▪ Trigger Finger
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Ergonomics
• the study of designing or arranging a person’s work environment and tools
• help people do jobs and use tools comfortably and safely

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Tips to avoid injury in the workspace:

• Adjust your chair:

o Make sure the chair is adjusted to allow you to sit in a natural, comfortable position.
• Keep the keyboard at a comfortable height:
o Try to place the keyboard in a position that allows you to keep your wrists straight
and relaxed, to avoid wrist strain.
• Keep the mouse near to the keyboard
o If possible, place the mouse right next to the keyboard
o If the mouse is too far away, it may be uncomfortable or awkward to reach for the
mouse.
• Place the monitor at a comfortable distance:
o The ideal position for a monitor is 20 to 40 inches away from your eyes
o It should also be at eye level or slightly lower.
• Avoid clutter
o The computer area can quickly become cluttered with papers, computer
accessories, and other items
o Keeping this area as uncluttered as possible, you can improve your productivity and
prevent strain or injury.
• Take frequent breaks:
 o It is important to take breaks while you are working at your computer.
o To avoid eye strain, you should look away from the monitor occasionally.
o You can also stand up and walk around to avoid sitting in the same position for long
periods of time
▪ Eyes Relax (Links to an external site.) and Workrave (Links to an external
site.) can automatically remind you to take breaks.

Shortcut Keyboard Keys

In computing, a keyboard shortcut is a series of one or several keys that invoke a software
program to perform a preprogrammed action. This action may be part of the standard functionality
of the operating system or application program, or it may have been written by the user in
a scripting language.
The meaning of term "keyboard shortcut" can vary depending on software manufacturer. For
instance, Microsoft differentiates keyboard shortcuts from hotkeys ("mnemonics" on Windows)
whereby the former consists of a specific key combination used to trigger an action, and the latter
represents a designated letter in a menu command or toolbar button that when pressed together
with the Alt key, activates such command—whereas a "hotkey" on Windows is a system wide
shortcut that is always available in all contexts as long as the program responsible for it is running
and not suspended.[ambiguous]

Main Menu
Windows/Linux macOS Shortcut
Action
Shortcut (if different)

File > New Ctrl+N Cmd+N

File > Open Ctrl+O Cmd+O

File > Open Other Ctrl+Shift+O Shift+Cmd+O

File > Save Ctrl+S Cmd+S

File > Save As Ctrl+Shift+S Shift+Cmd+S

File > Export Video Ctrl+E Cmd+E

File > Export Frame Ctrl+Shift+E Shift+Cmd+E

 Windows/Linux macOS Shortcut
Action
Shortcut (if different)

File > Close Ctrl+W Cmd+W

File > Quit Ctrl+Q Cmd+Q

Edit > Undo Ctrl+Z Cmd+Z

Edit > Redo Ctrl+Y / Ctrl+Shift+Z Shift+Cmd+Z

View > Fullscreen (not Windows) Ctrl+Shift+F Ctrl+Cmd+F

View > Audio Peak Meter Ctrl+1 Cmd+1

View > Properties Ctrl+2 Cmd+2

View > Recent Ctrl+3 Cmd+3

View > Playlist Ctrl+4 Cmd+4

View > Timeline Ctrl+5 Cmd+5

View > Filters Ctrl+6 Cmd+6

View > Keyframes Ctrl+7 Cmd+7

View > History Ctrl+8 Cmd+8

View > Export Ctrl+9 Cmd+9

View > Jobs Ctrl+0 Cmd+0

Settings > Preview Scaling > None F6

Settings > Preview Scaling > 360p F7

Settings > Preview Scaling > 540p F8

 Windows/Linux macOS Shortcut
Action
Shortcut (if different)

Settings > Preview Scaling > 720p F9

Help > Keyboard Shortcuts F1 F1

Keep Your Computer Physically Clean

When dealing with computers, dust isn't just unattractive, it can potentially destroy parts of your
computer. By cleaning your computer regularly, you can help to keep it working
properly and avoid expensive repairs.

Cleaning the Keyboard

Cleaning the keyboard

A dirty keyboard doesn't look nice, and can cause yourkeyboard to not work properly. Dust, food,
liquid, or other particles can get stuck underneath the keys, which can cause them not to work.
Check your owner's manual to see if the manufacturer has provided you with instructions for your
specific keyboard. If so, you should follow them. If not, the following steps are basic cleaning
tips that will help you keep your keyboard clean:
1. Unplug the keyboard from the USB or PS/2 port. If the keyboard is plugged into the PS/2
port, you will need to shut down the computer before unplugging it.
2. Turn the keyboard upside down and gently shake it to remove dirt and dust.
3. Use a can of compressed air to clean between the keys.
4. Moisten a cotton cloth or paper towel with rubbing alcohol, and use it to clean the tops of
the keys. Do not pour alcohol (or any other liquid) directly onto the keys.
5. Reconnect the keyboard to the computer once it is dry. If you are connecting it to a PS/2
port, you will need to connect it before turning the computer on.
 Dealing with Liquids

If you spill liquid on the keyboard, quickly shut down the computer, and disconnect and turn the
keyboard upside down to allow the liquid to drain.

If the liquid is sticky, you will need to hold the keyboard on its side under running water
to rinse the sticky liquid away. Then, turn the keyboard upside down to drain for two days before
reconnecting it. The keyboard may not be repairable at this point, but rinsing the sticky liquid off
the keyboard is the only chance for it to be usable again. The best way to avoid this situation is to
keep drinks away from the computer area.

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https://www.maxwell.syr.edu/uploadedFiles/ict/training/1.%20Desktop.pdf
http://www2.westsussex.gov.uk/LearningandDevelopment/IT%20Learning%20Guides/Microsoft%20
Windows%207/12%20Desktop%20icons.pdf

What's More
Enrichment Activities Independent Activity 1
Independent Assessment 1

What I Have Learned

Generalization

What I can do
Application

Assessment

Additional Activities