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UNIT 2 Binomial Theorem

The document discusses the binomial theorem, which provides a formula for expanding algebraic expressions of the form (x + y)n, where n is a positive integer. It explains Pascal's triangle and how it can be used to determine the coefficients in the binomial expansion. The document also proves the binomial theorem using mathematical induction and provides examples of expanding binomial expressions and finding specific terms in the expansions.

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Billy Jasper Domingo
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68 views3 pages

UNIT 2 Binomial Theorem

The document discusses the binomial theorem, which provides a formula for expanding algebraic expressions of the form (x + y)n, where n is a positive integer. It explains Pascal's triangle and how it can be used to determine the coefficients in the binomial expansion. The document also proves the binomial theorem using mathematical induction and provides examples of expanding binomial expressions and finding specific terms in the expansions.

Uploaded by

Billy Jasper Domingo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNRAVELING BINOMIAL THEOREM

Leaning Competencies
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
 illustrate Pascal’s triangle in the expansion of (x + y)n for small positive
integral values of n.
 prove Binomial Theorem
 determine any term (x + y)n, where n is a positive integer without
expanding; and
 solve problems using mathematical induction and the Binomial Theorem

Warm Up

“When you need to F.O.I.L.”

The fastest way to expand expressions of the form (x + y)n is through the use of
Pascal’s Triangle.

Pascals’ Trangle is a triangular array of numbers named after a French mathematician


Blaise Pascal

To construct triangle as each number is a sum of the two numbers just above it,
except those at the ends:

1
1 1
1 2 1
1 3 3 1
1 4 6 4 1
1 5 10 10 5 1
1 6 15 20 15 6 1

Therefore,

(x + y)6 = x6 + 6x5y +15 x4y2 + 20x3y3 + 15x2y4 + 6xy5 + y6


So, how about the expansion of (x + y)15?

Kick Off
Binomial Theorem
n
( a+ b ) =∑ n an−r b r , wherea , b ϵ R
n

r=c r
()
The notation (nr ) is referred to as binomial coefficient and is read as “combination of
n taken r at a time” as defined as:

n!
(nr )= r ! ( n−r )!
, for 0 ≤ r ≤ n

The rth Term of the Binomial Expansion

rth term = (nr ) an−(r−1)


br −1

Ceaseless Rally

1. Expand (1 + a)5

Solution:
= 15 + 5(1)4a + 10 (1)3a2 + 10(1)2a3 + 5(1)a4 + a5
= 1 + 5a + 10a2 + 10a3 +5a4 + a5

2. Find the 7th tern of (2 – xy)11

Given:
n = 11
r = 7th
a=2
b = -xy

First, find n – r + 2
n – r + 2 = 11 – 7 + 2 = 6

7th term of (2 – xy)11

(11)(11−1)(11−2)(11−3)(11−4)(11−5) 11−7+1
¿ (2) ¿
( 7−1 ) !
11∙ 10 ∙ 9∙ 8 ∙ 7 ∙6 5
¿ (2 )¿
6!

¿( 462)(32 x 6 y 6)
¿ 14784 x 6 y 6

3. Expand (2x – 1)6


Given:
a = 2x
b = -1
n=6
6
( 2 x−1 ) =∑ 6 (2 x)6−r (−1)r
6

r=0 r
()
¿ 6 (2 x )6 (−1)0 + 6 (2 x)5 (−1)1+ 6 (2 x)4 (−1)2 + 6 (2 x )3 (−1)3 + 6 (2 x )2 (−1)3 + 6 (2 x)2 (−1)4 + 6 (2
0 () 1 () 2 () 3 () 4 () 5 5() ()
0! 1! 2! 3!
¿ (64 x¿¿ 2) (1 ) + (32 x ¿¿ 5) (−1 )+ (16 x ¿¿ 4) ( 1 ) + (8 x ¿¿ 3) (−1 ) +
0! ( 6−0 ) ! 1! ( 6−1 ) ! 2 ! ( 6−2 ) ! 3 ! ( 6−3 ) ! 4

(2x - 1)6 = 64x6 -192 x5 + 240x4 + 160x3 + 60x2 - 12x + 1

Score Board

A. Expand and simplify.

1. (x + 1)6
2. (2x - 1)5
3. (2x + 3)4
4. (3x + 2y)5

B. Find the indicated term in simplified form.

1. (x + 3)8, 7th term


2. (2x - 10)10, 5th term
3. (3n - 1)15, 12th term
4. (x2 + 2y)11, 8th term

Time Out Task

Make a creative fench bridge design by applying the Pascal Triangle.

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