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Aim: Write A R Script To Demonstrate The Use of Matrix Do Some Computations

The document describes how to perform computations using matrices in R. It includes: 1) Creating matrices using the matrix() function and accessing matrix elements. 2) Performing basic operations on matrices like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. The results are also matrices as long as the dimensions are compatible. 3) Examples are provided to demonstrate creating matrices, accessing elements, and performing the various computations.

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21 views4 pages

Aim: Write A R Script To Demonstrate The Use of Matrix Do Some Computations

The document describes how to perform computations using matrices in R. It includes: 1) Creating matrices using the matrix() function and accessing matrix elements. 2) Performing basic operations on matrices like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. The results are also matrices as long as the dimensions are compatible. 3) Examples are provided to demonstrate creating matrices, accessing elements, and performing the various computations.

Uploaded by

dwrre
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SYCET/ CSE/LOM/IDSR

SHREEYASH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & LABORATORY MANUAL


TECHNOLOGY, AURANGABAD.
PRACTICAL EXPERIMENT INSTRUCTION SHEET
EXPERIMENT TITLE:
Write a R script to demonstrate the use of matrix do some
computations
EXPERIMENT NO. : 05 SUBJECT : INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCIENCE USING R

DEPT: COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING SEMESTER :IV

Aim:
Write a R script to demonstrate the use of matrix do some computations.

Hardware Requirement:
Intel P-IV 2.70 GHz Processor, 1 GB RAM, 256 GB HDD, 15” LCD Monitor, Keyboard,
Mouse.
Software Requirement:
R Tool, R Studio, Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

Theory:
Matrices are the R objects in which the elements are arranged in a two-dimensional
rectangular layout. They contain elements of the same atomic types. Though we can create a
matrix containing only characters or only logical values, they are not of much use. We use
matrices containing numeric elements to be used in mathematical calculations.

A Matrix is created using the matrix() function.

Syntax:
The basic syntax for creating a matrix in R is −

matrix(data, nrow, ncol, byrow, dimnames)


Following is the description of the parameters used −

 data is the input vector which becomes the data elements of the matrix.

 nrow is the number of rows to be created.

 ncol is the number of columns to be created.

 byrow is a logical clue. If TRUE then the input vector elements are arranged by row.

 dimname is the names assigned to the rows and columns.

Example:
Create a matrix taking a vector of numbers as input.
SYCET/ CSE/LOM/IDSR

# Elements are arranged sequentially by row.


M <- matrix(c(3:14), nrow = 4, byrow = TRUE)
print(M)

# Elements are arranged sequentially by column.


N <- matrix(c(3:14), nrow = 4, byrow = FALSE)
print(N)

# Define the column and row names.


rownames = c("row1", "row2", "row3", "row4")
colnames = c("col1", "col2", "col3")

P <- matrix(c(3:14), nrow = 4, byrow = TRUE, dimnames = list(rownames, colnames))


print(P)

When we execute the above code, it produces the following result −

[,1] [,2] [,3]


[1,] 3 4 5
[2,] 6 7 8
[3,] 9 10 11
[4,] 12 13 14
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 3 7 11
[2,] 4 8 12
[3,] 5 9 13
[4,] 6 10 14
col1 col2 col3
row1 3 4 5
row2 6 7 8
row3 9 10 11
row4 12 13 14

Accessing Elements of a Matrix


Elements of a matrix can be accessed by using the column and row index of the element. We
consider the matrix P above to find the specific elements below.

# Define the column and row names.


rownames = c("row1", "row2", "row3", "row4")
colnames = c("col1", "col2", "col3")

# Create the matrix.


P <- matrix(c(3:14), nrow = 4, byrow = TRUE, dimnames = list(rownames, colnames))

# Access the element at 3rd column and 1st row.


print(P[1,3])

# Access the element at 2nd column and 4th row.


print(P[4,2])
SYCET/ CSE/LOM/IDSR

# Access only the 2nd row.


print(P[2,])

# Access only the 3rd column.


print(P[,3])
When we execute the above code, it produces the following result −

[1] 5
[1] 13
col1 col2 col3
6 7 8
row1 row2 row3 row4
5 8 11 14

Matrix Computations:
Various mathematical operations are performed on the matrices using the R operators. The
result of the operation is also a matrix.

The dimensions (number of rows and columns) should be same for the matrices involved in
the operation.

Matrix Addition & Subtraction


# Create two 2x3 matrices.
matrix1 <- matrix(c(3, 9, -1, 4, 2, 6), nrow = 2)
print(matrix1)

matrix2 <- matrix(c(5, 2, 0, 9, 3, 4), nrow = 2)


print(matrix2)

# Add the matrices.


result <- matrix1 + matrix2
cat("Result of addition","\n")
print(result)

# Subtract the matrices


result <- matrix1 - matrix2
cat("Result of subtraction","\n")
print(result)
When we execute the above code, it produces the following result −

[,1] [,2] [,3]


[1,] 3 -1 2
[2,] 9 4 6
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 5 0 3
[2,] 2 9 4
Result of addition
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 8 -1 5
[2,] 11 13 10
SYCET/ CSE/LOM/IDSR

Result of subtraction
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] -2 -1 -1
[2,] 7 -5 2

Matrix Multiplication & Division


# Create two 2x3 matrices.
matrix1 <- matrix(c(3, 9, -1, 4, 2, 6), nrow = 2)
print(matrix1)

matrix2 <- matrix(c(5, 2, 0, 9, 3, 4), nrow = 2)


print(matrix2)

# Multiply the matrices.


result <- matrix1 * matrix2
cat("Result of multiplication","\n")
print(result)

# Divide the matrices


result <- matrix1 / matrix2
cat("Result of division","\n")
print(result)
When we execute the above code, it produces the following result −

[,1] [,2] [,3]


[1,] 3 -1 2
[2,] 9 4 6
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 5 0 3
[2,] 2 9 4
Result of multiplication
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 15 0 6
[2,] 18 36 24
Result of division
[,1] [,2] [,3]
[1,] 0.6 -Inf 0.6666667
[2,] 4.5 0.4444444 1.5000000

Conclusion:
Hence we have studied basic syntactical construct of Java.

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