Level-1

Addition & Subtraction

Mental Computational methods
Think and Calculate

U1.1 Double number: Single Digit (1’s)

Basic Rules Mental Calculation method in Addition

0 add 2 times is 0+0=0 0x2=0

1 add 2 times is 1+1=2 1x2=2
2 add 2 times is 2+2=4 2x2=4
3 add 2 times is 3+3=6 3x2=6
4 add 2 times is 4+4=8 4x2=8
5 add 2 times is 5 + 5 = 10 5 x 2 = 10
6 add 2 times is 6 + 6 = 12 6 x 2 = 12
7 add 2 times is 7 + 7 = 14 7 x 2 = 14
8 add 2 times is 8 + 8 = 16 8 x 2 = 16
9 add 2 times is 9 + 9 = 18 9 x 2 = 18

U1.1 Double number: Exercises

U1.2 Using 5 - frames

You Say Student Say You Say Student Say

0 5 5 0
1 4 4 1
3 2 2 3

U1.2 Using 10 - frames

U1.4 – Adding 10 to a Number

Adding 10 to Number
10 + 0 = 10 0 + 10 =10
10 + 1 = 11 1 + 10 = 11
10 + 2 = 12 2 + 10 = 12
10 + 3 = 13 3 + 10 = 13
10 + 4 = 14 4 + 10 = 14
10 + 5 = 15 5 + 10 = 15
10 + 6 = 16 6 + 10 = 16
10 + 7 = 17 7 + 10 = 17
10 + 8 = 18 8 + 10 = 18
10 + 9 = 19 9 + 10 = 19

Unit-1 – Plus 0 “No Change”

Adding 0 to Number
0 + 0 =0 0 + 0 =0
 0+1=1 1+0=1
0+2=2 2+0=2
0+3=3 3+0=3
0+4=4 4+0=4
0+5=5 5+0=5
0+6=6 6+0=6
0+7=7 7+0=7
0+8=8 8+0=8
0+9=9 9+0=9

Unit-1 – Near-Doubles (1-Aparts) Facts

The strategy is to double the smaller number and add one.

Examples: 6 + 7 is (6 + 6) + 1.

Unit-1 – Work Sheets

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https://www.math-drills.com/addition/addition_five_minute_frenzy_2150_002.php

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Unit-1 – Work Sheets

Example: 10 + 2 + 2

Description: First pick number 2 then double is 4, finally 4 add to 10 is 14

Addition -Fact
1 + 1 + 10 =   2 + 2 + 10 =   3 + 3 + 10 =  
 1 + 10 + 1 =   2 + 10 + 2 =   3 + 10 + 3 =  

10 + 1 + 1 =   10 + 2 + 2 =   10 + 3 + 3 =  

5 + 5 + 10 =   6 + 6 + 10 =   7 + 7 + 10 =  

5 + 10 + 5 =   6 + 10 + 6 =   7 + 10 + 7 =  

10 + 5 + 5 =   10 + 6 + 6 =   10 + 7 + 7 =  

4 + 4 + 10 =   8 + 8 + 10 =   9 + 9 + 10 =  

4 + 10 + 4 =   8 + 10 + 8 =   9 + 10 + 9 =  

10 + 4 + 4 =   10 + 8 + 8 =   10 + 9 + 9 =  

10 + 0 + 0 =   0 + 10 + 0 =   0 + 10 + 0 =  

Unit-1 – Work Sheets

Example: 10 + 2 + 2 + 1

Description: First pick number 2 then double is 4 then add 1, finally 5 add to 10 is 15

Addition -Facts
1 + 1 + 10 + 1 =   2 + 2 + 10 + 1 =   3 + 3 + 10 + 1 =  
1 + 10 + 1 + 1 =   2 + 10 + 2+ 1 =   3 + 10 + 3 + 1 =  
10 + 1 + 1 +1 =   10 + 2 + 2 + 1 =   10 + 3 + 3 + 1 =  
5 + 5 + 10 + 1 =   6 + 6 + 10 + 1 =   7 + 7 + 10 + 1 =  
5 + 10 + 5+ 1 =   6 + 10 + 6+ 1 =   7 + 10 + 7 + 1 =  
10 + 5 + 5 + 1 =   10 + 6 + 6 + 1 =   10 + 7 + 7 + 1 =  
4 + 4 + 10 + 1 =   8 + 8 + 10 + 1 =   9 + 9 + 10 + 1 =  
4 + 10 + 4 + 1 =   8 + 10 + 8+ 1 =   9 + 10 + 9 + 1 =  
10 + 4 + 4 + 1 =   10 + 8 + 8 + 1 =   10 + 9 + 9 + 1 =  
10 + 0 + 0 + 1 =   0 + 10 + 0 + 1 =   0 + 10 + 0 + 1 =  
 Unit-1 – Work Sheets

Example: 2 + 3

Description: First pick small number 2 when you find near number 3, then double is 4, finally 4 add to
1 is 5

Addition Fact- Near- double

1+2= 2+1=  
2+3= 3+2=  
3+4= 4+3=  
4+5= 5+4=  
5+6= 6+5=  
6+7= 7+6=  
7+8= 8+7=  
8+9= 9+8=  
 Unit-1 – Work Sheets

Example: 10 + 2 + 3

Description: First pick small number 2 when you find near number 3, then double is 4 and 4 add to 1
is 5, finally 5 add to 10 is 15

Addition Fact- Near- double with 10's

1 + 2 + 10 =   2 + 3 + 10 =   3 + 4 + 10 =  
1 + 10 + 2 =   2 + 10 + 3 =   3 + 10 + 4 =  
10 + 1 + 2 =   10 + 2 + 3 =   10 + 4 + 3 =  
5 + 6 + 10 =   6 + 7 + 10 =   7 + 8 + 10 =  
5 + 10 + 6 =   6 + 10 + 7 =   7 + 10 + 8 =  
10 + 5 + 6 =   10 + 6 + 7 =   10 + 7 + 8 =  
4 + 5 + 10 =   8 + 9 + 10 =   0 + 1 + 10 =  
4 + 10 + 5 =   8 + 10 + 9 =   1 + 10 + 0 =  
10 + 4 + 5 =   10 + 8 + 9 =   10 + 1 + 0 =  

Unit-1 – Frames 10, 20, …..., 90

10 - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
frames 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
 
20 - 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
frames 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Unit-1 – Addition 2 or 3
 Add -2 Add-3
0+2=2 0+3=3
1+2=3 1+3=4
2+2=4 2+3=5
3+2=5 3+3=6
4+2=6 4+3=7
5+2=7 5+3=8
6+2=8 6+3=9
7+2=9 7 + 3 = 10
8 + 2 = 10 8 + 3 = 11
9 + 2 = 11 9 + 3 = 12

Unit-1 – Make 10 Facts

• The strategy for these facts is to build onto the 8 or 9 up to 10 and then add on the rest.

For example: For 9 + 3 think: 9 + 1 (from the 3) is 10, and 10 + 2 (the other part of the 3) is 12 or
9 + 3 = (9 + 1) +2 = 10 + 2 = 12 Ten frames may be used to help students understand facts with 8
or 9 to make 10.

Examples of Some Practice Items

Some practice items for adding with 8 or 9 using the ten-frame are:

9+4=   9+6=   8+4=  

5+9=   6+8=   8+6=  
8+5=   3+9=   7+9=  

• The above “make 10” strategy can be extended to facts involving 7.

For example: For 7 + 4, think: 7 and 3 (from the 4) is 10, and 10 + 1 (the other part of the 4) is
11 or 7 + 4 = (7 + 3) + 1 =10 + 1 = 11.

Examples of Some Practice Items:

 Some practice items for adding with 7 using the ten-frame are:

7+5=   3+7=   7+6=  

8+7=   7+7=   9+7=  

Unit-1 – Finding Compatibles

This strategy for addition involves looking for pairs of numbers that add to powers of ten (10 or
100) to make the addition easier.

Example: For example: For 3 + 8 + 7, think: 3 + 7 is 10 plus 8 is 10 + 8 = 18.

Examples of Some Practice Items Some items of applying this strategy to numbers in the 1s
are:

Unit-1 – Using Addition Facts for 10s - Doubles

Examples: If you know that 6 + 6 = 12, then applying the doubles strategy to adding numbers in
the 10s, you know 60 + 60 = 120.

Double fact for numbers in the 10s are:

90 + 90 =   10 + 10 =   70 + 70 =  

60 + 60 =   50 + 50 =   40 + 40 =  

30 + 30 =   80 + 80 =   20 + 20 =  

Unit-1 – Using Addition Facts for 10s - Near-Doubles (1-Aparts) Facts

Examples: If you know that 2 + 3 = 5, then applying the " near-doubles plus" strategy to adding
numbers in the 10's, you know that 20 + 30 is (20 + 20) + 10 = 50.

Say "20 + 30 is double 20 and add 10; 40 + 10 is 50."

Near-Doubles (1-Aparts) Facts for numbers in the 10s are:

10 + 20 =   20 + 10 =  
20 + 30 =   30 + 20 =  
30 + 40 =   40+ 30 =  
40 + 50 =   50 + 40 =  
50 + 60 =   60 + 50 =  
60 + 70 =   70 + 60 =  
70 + 80 =   80 + 70 =  
80+ 90 =   90 + 80 =  

Unit-1 – Using Addition Facts for 10s - Doubles Plus 2 (2- Apart) Facts

Examples: If you know that 3 + 5 = 8, then applying the “near-doubles plus 2” strategy to
adding numbers in the 10’s, you know 30 + 50 is (30 + 30) +20 = 80.

Say “30 + 50 is double 30 and add 20; 60 + 20 is 80.

Near-Doubles (1-Aparts) Facts for numbers in the 10s are:

10 + 30 =   30 + 10 =  
20 + 40 =   40 + 20 =  
30 + 50 =   50+ 30 =  
40 + 60 =   60 + 40 =  
50 + 70 =   70 + 50 =  
60 + 80 =   80 + 60 =  
70 + 90 =   90 + 70 =  

U1.1 Double number: Subtraction

The main strategy for Subtraction at this level is to ‘think addition’

Doubles This strategy uses the addition double facts to help find the answers to related
subtraction combinations

Addition Facts Subtraction Fact Subtraction Fact Subtraction Fact

0+0=0 0-0=0 -0 + 0 = 0 0-0=0
1+1=2 2-1=1 -1+2=1 1-1=0
2+2=4 4-2=2 -2+4=2 2-2=0
3+3=6 6-3=3 -3+6=3 3-3=0
4+4=8 8-4=4 -4+8=4 4-4=0
5 + 5 = 10 10 - 5 = 5 - 5 + 10 = 5 5-5=0
6 + 6 = 12 12 - 6 = 6 - 6 + 12 = 6 6-6=0
7 + 7 = 14 14 - 7 = 7 - 7 + 14 = 7 7-7=0
8 + 8 = 16 16 - 8 = 8 - 8 + 16 = 8 8-8=0
9 + 9 = 18 18 - 9 = 9 - 9 + 18 = 9 9-9=0

Examples

• For example: For 12 – 6, think; 6 plus what makes 12? 6 + 6 = 12, so 12 – 6 = 6

• (ii) If you know that 8 – 4 = 4, then 80 – 40 = 40

Unit-1 – Plus or Minus 0 “No Change”

Subtraction 0 to Number
0 - 0 =0 0 - 0 =0
0 - 1 = -1 1-0=1
0 - 2 = -2 2-0=2
0 - 3 = -3 3-0=3
0 - 4 = -4 4-0=4
0 - 5 = -5 5-0=5
0 - 6 = -6 6-0=6
0 - 7 = -7 7-0=7
0 - 8 = -8 8-0=8
0 - 9 = -9 9-0=9

Unit-1 – Subtraction Fact- Near- double

Addition Fact- Near- double

1-2= 2-1=  
2-3= 3-2=  
3-4= 4-3=  
4-5= 5-4=  
5-6= 6-5=  
6-7= 7-6=  
7-8= 8-7=  
8-9= 9-8=