DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

ASSAMUNIVERSITY: SILCHAR

M.Sc Chemistry Modified Syllabus with effect from 2015-16 Session

Course Structure

Total Marks L T C
Course Internal External
Course Name
Number Total
MM PM MM PM
Semester-I
CH-101 Inorganic Chemistry – I 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-102 Organic Chemistry – I 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-103 Physical Chemistry-I 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-104 Physical Chemistry-II 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-105 Laboratory Course in Inorganic 30 12 70 28 100 8
Chemistry
Total 150 350 500 16 8 32
Semester-II
CH-201 Inorganic Chemistry – II 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-202 Organic Chemistry – II 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-203 General Chemistry (Open-I) 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-204 Quantum Chemistry and Molecular 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
spectroscopy (Open-II)
CH-205 Laboratory Course in Organic 30 12 70 28 100 8
Chemistry
Total 150 350 500 16 8 32
Semester-III
CH-301 Inorganic Chemistry –III 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-302 Organic Chemistry – III 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-303 Physical Chemistry-III 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-304 Applications of Spectroscopic Methods 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
CH-305 Laboratory Course in Physical 30 12 70 28 100 8
Chemistry
Total 150 350 500 16 8 32
Semester-IV
CH-401 Analytical and Computational 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6
Chemistry
CH-402 Chemistry of Advanced Materials 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6

CH-403A/ Inorganic Chemistry-IV 30 12 70 28 100 4 2 6

CH-403B/ Organic Chemistry – IV
CH-403C/ Physical chemistry-IV

CH-404 Project work, 60 24 140 56 200 16

A/B/C Inorganic/ Organic/ Physical
Total 150 350 500 16 8 34

Total Marks 2000

Total Credit 130
 CHEMISTRY – 101: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - I
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I: Symmetry and Structure:

Symmetry elements and symmetry operations, symmetry groups with examples from inorganic compounds, groups
of very high symmetry, molecular dissymmetry and optical activity, molecular symmetry for compounds having
coordination number 2 to 9, Molecular dissymmetry and polarity, matrix representations of symmetry operators and
their products.

UNIT – II: Bonding:

Brief review of bonding: ionic, covalent, metallic and hydrogen bonding, valence bond theory and VSEPR model,
hybridisation, Crystal field theory, ligand field theory molecular orbital theory.MO treatment of simple diatomic
(homo & hetero) and polyatomic system with special reference toB 2, C2, N2, F2, CO, HCl, CO2, NH3 and SF6.
Spectroscopic electronegativity, concept of chemical hardness (). Walsh diagrams (triatomic systems).

UNIT – III: Selected topics on non-transition elements:

Concept of cluster, Wade’s rule, Styx number, PSEPT, Synthesis, properties and structures of boranes, carboranes,
metallo-carboranes, silicates and S- N and P – N Compounds. Non-Stoichiometric oxides, zeolites and clay.
Polymorphism of carbon, phosphorus and sulphur. Peroxo Compounds of B, C and S. Isopoly and Heteropoly
anions.

UNIT – IV: Environmental pollution and Bioinorganic chemistry:

Air pollution (CO, CO2, SOx, O3 and NOx. Photochemical Smog (PS) and chemistry of PS formation.Water
pollution (heavy metals and phosphates), toxicity of Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr and As. Essential and trace elements in
biological systems, biochemistry of sodium and potassium, membrane structure, mechanism of ion transport across
membranes, biological defense mechanism, ionophores, valinomycin and crown ether complexes of Na and K.
Cryptand complexes.

UNIT – V: Kinetics and Mechanism of Inorganic reactions:

Mechanism of ligand replacement reactions, ligand displacement reactions in octahedral and square planar
complexes, trans-effect, isomerisation and racemisation in tris-chelate complexes, electrons transfer reactions,
Cross-section and Marcus-Hush theory. Stereochemical non-rigidity and fluxionality (concept, examples, techniques
of detection)

Essential readings:

1. F. Basolo and R. Johnson, Coordination Chemistry, Science Rewiews, Northwood, 1987.

2. R. Debock and H. B. Gray, Chemical structure and bonding, Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, 1980.
3. N. N. Greenwood and A. Earnshaw, Chemistry of the elements, Pergamon, Oxford, 1984.
4. H. G. Heal, The Inorganic Heterocyclic Chemistry of Sulfur, Nitrogen and phosphorus.
5. D. F. Shriver, P.W. Atkins and C.H. Landgord, Inorganic Chemistry, 3rdEdn., Oxford University Press, 1998.
6. J. D. Atwood, Inorganic and Organometallic reaction mechanisms, 2nd Edn. 1997, VCH Publishers, New York.
7. S. E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, Lewis Publishers.
8. C. Baird, W. H. Freeman, Environmental Chemistry.
9. G. L. Miessler and D. A. Tarr, inorganic Chemistry, Pearson. 2009.
10. J. D. Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, Chapman & Hall Ltd., 1991
11. G. Wulfsberg, Inorganic Chemistry, Viva Books Pvt. Ltd. 2002.
12. A. K. Das, Fundamental concepts of inorganic chemistry, Vol III, Second Edn. CBS, 2010.
13. G. N. Mukherjee and A. Das, Elements of Bioinorganic Chemistry, U. N. Dhar & Sons Pvt. Ltd.,1993
14. J. E. Huheey, E. A. Keiter, R. L. Keiter, Inorganic Chemistry-Principles of Structure and Reactivity, Addison –
Wsley Publishing Company, 1993

Additional Reading:
1. W. L. Jolly, Inorganic Chemistry, 1976, McGraw Hill, New York.
2. J. E. Fergusson, Inorganic Chemistry and the Earth: Chemical Resources, Use and Environmental Impact,
Vol. 6, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1982.
3. S. F. A. Kettle, Symmetry and Structure, Wiley, New York, 1985.
4. D. C. Harris and M.D. Bertolucci, Symmetry and Spectroscopy, Oxford University Press, 1978.
 CHEMISTRY – 102 : ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – I
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I: Nature of bonding in organic molecules:

Delocalised chemical bonding-conjugation, resonance, hyperconjugation, tautomerism. Aromaticity in benzenoid
and non-benzenoid compounds. Huckel’s rule, energy level of -molecular orbitals, annulenes, antiaromaticity,
homo-aromaticity. Crown ether complexes and cryptands, cyclodextrins, catenanes and rotaxanes. Hydrogen bonds,
nonbonding intermolecular forces. Effect of structure on reactivity – resonance and field effects, steric effect,
quantitative treatment. The Hammett equation and linear free energy relationship, substituent and reaction constants.

UNIT – II: Basic concepts of stereochemistry :

Conformational analysis of cycloalkanes, decalins, effect of conformation on reactivity. Chirality, molecules with
more than one chiral centres, methods of resolution, optical purity, enantiotopic and diastereotopic atoms, groups
and faces. Optical activity in the absence of chiral carbon (biphenyls, allenes and spiranes), chirality due to helical
shape. Methods of asymmetric synthesis including chiral pool, chiral auxiliary, chiral reagents; enantio and diastereo
selective and specific synthesis. Inclusive of substrate control and reagent control strategieseg, Sharpless
epoxidation and di-hydroxylations with AD-mix-α and β and Sulphur compounds.

UNIT – III: Substitution reactions (aliphatic and aromatic):

Review of SN2, SN1, SNi along with mixed SN 1 and SN2 and SET mechanisms. Carbocation: Classical and non-
classical: Generation, stability and classification and as reaction intermediates. The neighbouring group mechanism,
neighbouring group participation by π and σ bonds (anchimeric assistance). Nucleophilic substitution at an allylic,
aliphatic trigonal and at vinylic carbon. Leaving group and ambident nucleophile, regioselectivity. Diazonium
coupling, Ipso substitution, Vilsmeir Haak reaction, Gattermann-Koch reaction. The Sommelet-Hauser, and Smiles
rearrangements.

UNIT – IV: Carbonyl and related groups:

Nucleophilic addition, hetero atoms (N, O) Hydride donors as nucleophiles, carbanion additions, addition
elimination and stereo selective aldol type of condensations. Enolates, emines and enamines: their roles in
chemoselective and regioselective C-C bond formations. Alkylation of enolates, emines and enamines and their
stereochemical outcomes. Vinylogous or conjugate additions. Substitution by hydrides and acylation of carbon,
carbonyl cyclization reactions and cleavage of carbonyl compounds..

UNIT – V: Addition and elimination reactions:

Addition Reaction:Mechanistic and stereochemical aspects of addition reactions involving electrophiles,
nucleophiles and free radicals, regio- and chemoselectivity, orientation and reactivity. Addition of Grignard
reagents, organozinc and organolithium reagents to carbonyl and unsaturated carbonyl compounds- stereochemical
aspects including Cram’s rule. Wittig, modified Wittig reaction.
Introduction to Elimination reactions: formation of alkenes by eliminations with proton loss and by other
elimination reactions including 6-membered cyclic substrate. Formation of other double bonds (C = N, C = O) and
triple bonds by elimination reactions. Stereochemistry of elimination reactions. Pyrolytic syn-Elimination reactions
of esters, xanthates and sulfoxides.

Essential readings :
1. L. N. Ferguson – The modern structural theory of organic chemistry, Prentice Hall of India (1973).
2. L. Pauling – Nature of the chemical bond, Cornell University Press (1960).
3. T.W.G. Solomons – Organic chemistry, John Wiley (1992).
4. D. Nasipuri – Stereochemistry of Organic compounds, Wiley Eastern (1994).
5. Seyhan Ege – Organic chemistry (Structure and reactivity, 3rd Edn., 1998), AITBS Publishers, Delhi.
6. F. A. Carey and R. J. Sandberg, Plenum.
7. P. Y. Bruice, Organic Chemistry, Pearson Education, inc 2002.

Additional readings:
1. J.C. Stowell, Intermediate organic chemistry John Wiley.
2. T.W.G. Solomons, Organic chemistry and study guide to accompany organic chemistry, 5thEdn., John Wiley.
3. J.B. Hendrickson, D.J. Cram and G. Hammond – Organic chemistry, McGraw Hill (1970).
4. E.L. Eliel – Stereochemistry of carbon compounds, McGraw Hill, Book Company Inc. (1960).
5. J. March – Advance organic chemistry; Reactions mechanism and structures, 4th Edn. , Wiley Eastern.
6. J. Clayden, N. Greeve, S. Warren and P. Wother – Organic Chemistry, OUP, New Delhi-200001.
7. M. B. Smith – Organic Synthesis, McGraw Hill 1994.
 CHEMISTRY – 103 : PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY – I
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I: Equilibrium Thermodynamics – I:

Brief review of the concepts of laws of thermodynamics: state and path functions, exact and inexact differentials,
zeroth and first law, isothermal and adiabatic processes.
Second law: Thermodynamic view of the entropy, Carnot Cycle, Clausius inequality, Helmholtz and Gibbs free
energies, Maxwell’s relations.
Third law: Nernst heat theorem, Residual entropies.

UNIT- II: Equilibrium Thermodynamics – II:

Thermodynamics of ideal and real gases and gas mixtures, mixing of gases, fugacities of gases and their
determination, chemical potentials of liquids and liquid mixtures.
Thermodynamics of ideal and non-ideal binary solutions, excess functions for non-ideal solutions, regular solutions.
Thermodynamic criteria for chemical equilibria, equilibrium constant of chemical reactions, dependence of
equilibrium constant on temperature and pressure.
Phase equilibrium, derivation of the Gibbs phase rule. Partial molar properties, the Gibbs – Duhem equation, the
chemical potential and its significance.

UNIT-III: Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics:

Thermodynamic functions for non-equilibrium states, entropy production and entropy flow, transformations of the
generalized fluxes and forces, phenomenological equations, Microscopic reversibility and Onsager’s reciprocity
relations, electrokinetics phenomena, diffusion, electric conduction, the stationary non-equilibrium states.

UNIT – IV: Chemical Kinetics – I:

Arrhenius equation, statistical derivation of activated complex theory. Comparison of absolute reaction rates with
those of collision theory. Thermodynamic formulation of reaction rates. Reactions in solution. Comparison of gas
and liquid phase reactions. Primary and secondary salt effects (kinetic salt effect). Effects of solvent (concept only)
and ionic strength on rate constants.

UNIT- V: Chemical Kinetics – II:

Complex reactions, Mechanisms of chain, photochemical and oscillatory reactions, homogeneous catalysis, Kinetics
of enzyme reactions, study of fast reactions by flow methods, relaxation methods, flash photolysis and the nuclear
magnetic resonance method.

Essential reading:

1. P. W. Atkins – Physical Chemistry, 7th Edn. Oxford (2000).

2. I. N. Levine, Physical Chemistry, 4th Edn., McGraw Hill, New Delhi, (1995).
3. G. K. Vemulapally, Physical Chemistry, Prentice Hall, India, 1997.
4. I. Prigogine – Introduction to Thermodynamics of Irreversible processes, Interscience Publ. (1961)
5. K. J. Laidler, Chemical Kinetics, Harper & Row.
6. RP Rastogi and Mishra, Chemical thermodynamics, PHI New Delhi

Additional reading:

7. V. Fried, U. Blukis and H. F. Hameka – Physical Chemistry Macmillan (1975).

8. K. J. Laidler & J. H. Meiser, Physical Chemistry, Houghton Mifflin Company, Bonton, 1998.
9. I. N. Levine, Physical Chemistry, McGraw Hill, New York, 1988.
10. Y. A. Gersimov, Physical Chemistry, Mir Publishers, Moscow, 1985.
11. J. Rajaram & J. Kuriakose, Kinetics and Mechanism of Chemical Transformations, McMillan India, 1993.
 CHEMISTRY – 104 : PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY – II
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

Unit – I : Equilibrium Electrochemistry :

Activity coefficients of electrolytes, mean activity coefficient, theoretical calculation of activity coefficients Debye-
Huckel theory, Debye Huckel limiting law, Ions and Electrodes, electrochemical potential, interfacial potential
difference, electric potential at interfaces. Electrochemical cells: EMF and electrode potentials, concentration –
dependence of EMF, membrane potentials, thermodynamic data from cell EMF.
Ion solvent interactions : The Born model, entropy and enthalpy of ion-solvent interactions.

Unit – II : Dynamic Electrochemistry :

Processes at electrodes: double layer at interface, different models of double layers, rate of charge transfer, over
potential, aspects of current-voltage relations, ButlerVolmer equation, Tafel plot, i-v curves, deviations from
equilibrium.
Electrochemical processes: Dissolution and deposition at electrodes – currents affecting potential of a cell, power
generation and storage process fuel cells – power shortage.
Corrosion: Thermodynamics of corrosion, kinetics of corrosion, and inhibition of corrosion.

Unit – III : Solid State :

Solid state reactions: General principles, experimental procedures co-precipitation, precursor to solid state reaction
kinetics of solid state reactions.
Crystal defects: Perfect and imperfect crystals, types of defects (Schottkey and Frenkel defects) colour centres,
vacancies and interstitials.
Solid solutions: Requirements for solid solutions, substitutional solid solutions, interstitial solid solutions,
Mechanism of solid solutions, creating vacancies of different types.
Electronic properties and band theory: Metals, insulators and semiconductors electrical properties of solids,
electronic structure of solids, band theory Brillion Zone superconductors.

Unit – IV: Surface Phenomena:

Surface tension and surface free energy, interfacial tension, adsorption of solids, Gibbs adsorption isotherm, BET
adsorption isotherm: estimation of surface area of solids.
Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Basic principles of UV-photoelectron, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger
spectroscopy, their applications for chemical analysis of solid surfaces.

Unit – V: Micelles :
Surface active agents, classifications of surface active agents, micellization, hydrophobic interactions, critical
micelle concentration (CMC), factors affecting the CMC of surfactants, thermodynamics of micelle formation-
phase separation and mass action models, kinetics of micelle formation, solubilization, reverse micelles, micro-
emulsions, Kraft phenomenon.

Essential reading:

1. Physical chemistry, P.W. Atkins, OUP, 7th edition 2000

2. Modern Electrochemistry Vol. I and Vol. II, J.O.M. Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Plenum.
3. Solid state Chemistry AR West, John Wiley NY 1987
4. Micelles, Theoretical and applied Aspects, Y. Moroi, Plenum, 1992.
5. A whiff on photoelectron spectroscopy, P.K. Ghosh

Suggested reading:
1. Physical chemistry, G.K.Vemulapalli, PHI 1998
2. Principles and applications of electrochemistry DR Crow, 3rd edn Chapman and Hall 1988
3. Experimental approach to electrochemistry NJ Selley, Edward Arnold London 1977
 CHEMISTRY – 105 : LABORATORY COURSE IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

1. Semimicro qualitative analysis ;

Complete systematic analysis of Inorganic mixtures containing six ions including two of the following elements:
W, Mo, Au, Pt, Pd, Se, Te, V, Ti, Zr, U, Th and Ce and the interfering anion
(arsenates/phosphate/borate/fluoride).

2. Quantitative estimation (involving volumetric-redox and complexometry, gravivimatric and

Spectrophotometric methods) of constituents in two and three component mixtures and alloys.

3. Preparation of the following compounds : related complementary work and physical studies (at least 8
preparations are to be completed by turn)

a) Reinecke Salt.
b) Potassium tris-oxolato chromate (III) trihydrate
c) Potassium tris-oxolato ferrate (III) trihydrate.
d) Tris (acetylacetonato) iron (III).
e) Tris (acetylacetonato) chromium (III).
f) Chloro pentaamino cobalt (III) chloride.
g) Mercury tetrathiocyanatocobaltate(II).
h) Linkage isomers of Nitro and Nitrito-pentammine cobalt (III) chloride.
i) Cis, trans –dichloro bis(ethylenediammine) cobalt (III) chloride.
j) N, N' disalicylalethylene – diammine nickel (II).
k) Bis(N, N' disalicylalethylene-diamine)-μ- aquadicobalt(II)

4. Physical studies includes magnetic susceptibility conductance measurements, infrared, UV-Visible Spectroscopy
and cyclic voltammetry.

Essential readings ;
1. A.I. Vogel, Macro and Semicro qualitative Inorganic Analysis, Orient Longman, 1969.
2. J. Basset, R.C. Denney, G.H. Jeffery and J. Memdham, Vogel’s Text Book of quantitative Inorganic Analysis,
ELBS, 4th Edn., 1978.
3. H. H. Willard, L. L. Merrit and J.A. Dean, Instrumental methods of analysis, East-West Press, 4th Edn, 1974.
4. G.W. Parshall (Ed. In chief), Inorganic Synthesis, Vol 15, McGraw Hill, P. 48, 1974.
5. D. D. Sood, S. B. Mohaharand, A. V. R. Reddy, Experiments in Radiochemistry Theory and Practice, IANCAS
Publications, 1994.
6. W.L. Jolly : Synthesis and characterization of inorganic compounds Prentice Hall Inc
 CHEMISTRY – 201: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY – II
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

Unit – I: Magnetic properties of transition metal complexes :

Brief review of different types of magnetic behaviors, spin-orbit coupling, quenching of orbital angular moments,
temperature independence paramagnetism. Term symbols for metal ions, crystal field theory and its application to
explain magnetic properties of coordination compounds, spin crossover. Magnetic interactions in poly nuclear
systems, types of exchange interactions, canting, spin frustration.

Unit – II: Electronic structure of transition metal complexes :

Electronic absorption spectra of octahedral and tetrahedral complexes, orgel diagrams, selection rules, band
intensities and band widths, spectra of high spin octahedral and tetrahedral complexes for various d n configurations,
spectrochemical series. Adjusted crystal field theory, Nephelauxetic series, Molecular orbital theory of complexes
(qualitative principles involved in complexes with no π- bonding and with π-bonding), Charge-transfer transitions of
inorganic coordination compounds (different type).

Unit – III :Aspects of transition elements lanthanides and actinides :

Elements of first transition series and their comparison with the second and third series, general periodic trends,
chemistry to the various oxidation states of first row transition metals and their comparison based on electronic
configuration. The splitting of f-orbitals in octahedral field, Lanthanide contraction, Lanthanide shift reagent ,
oxidation states complexes, magnetic and optical properties of lanthanides and actinides.

Unit – IV :Transition metal -acid complexes :

Structure, bonding, synthesis and reactivity of complexes with CO, OS 1, N2, NO group V donor ligands and
extended -system ligands (phen, bipy), metal carbonyl hydrides and metal carbonyl clusters : LNCC and HNCC
Wale’s rule and the Capping rule.

Unit – V :Aspects of Bioinorganic chemistry :

Iron-sulphur proteins: Rubredoxin and ferredoxins, metalloporphyrins, Heme Proteins : Hemoglobin, Myoglopin
and Cytochrome C, Non-heme proteins : Hemerythrin and Ferritin, Hemocyanin, Nitrogen fixation and introgenases,
photosynthesis PSI and PSII.

Essential Readings :
1. F. A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley Eastern Ltd., 3 rd. Edn., 1972, 6th edn
1999.
2. J. E. Huheey, E. A. Keiter and R. J. Keiter, Principles of Structure and reactivity, Harper Collins College
Publishers, 4th Edn., 1993.
3. A. Earnshaw, Introduction to Magnetochemistry, Academic Press, New York, 1968.
4. M. N. Hughes, The Inorganic Chemistry of Biological Processes, Wiley, 1981.
5. E. I. Ochiai, Bioinorganic Chemistry – An Introduction, Allyn and Bacon, Inc., 1977.
6. Asim K. Das, Bioinorganic Chemistry, Books & Allied (P) Ltd., Kolkata
7. P K Bhattacharya, Metal ions in Biochemistry, Narosa, New Delhi
8. N. Gupta, and Monal Singh, Essential of Bio-inorganic chemistry, Pragati Prakashan.

Additional Readings:
1. B.F.G.Johnson Transition metal clusters, John Wiley 1980
2. T. Moeller, Inorganic Chemistry – A modern Approach, John Wiley, 1982.
3. BN Figgs Introduction to ligand field theory Wiley Eastern Ltd, 1976
4. ABP Lever Inorganic electronic spectroscopy
5. RL Carlin Magnetochemistry Springer Verlag New York 1986
6. O. Kahn, Molecular Magnetism, VCH, New York, 1993
R. L. Datta and A. Syamal, Elements of Magnetochemistry, 2nd Edn, East-west press, New Delhi, 1993
 CHEMISTRY – 202: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT I:Reductive reaction:

A) Introduction to catalytic hydrogenation, reduction of functional groups, Raney Nickel desulphurization.
Heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation (Wilkinson’s catalyst) B) Dissolving metal reduction, acyloin
condensation. C) Reduction of carbonyl compounds with metal hydrides, stereochemistry and mechanism of
reduction reaction of other functional groups by metal hydrides, Merwein Pondorf Verley reduction, Hydroboration
and related reactions including alkyl borane. Tributyl tin hydride (including its coupling reactions). D) Reduction
with Hydrazine and its derivatives: The Wolf-Kishner reduction and related reduction of tosylhydrazone, reduction
with diimide.

Unit II:Oxidation Reactions

A)Oxidation with Chromium and Manganese compounds: Oxidation of alcohol, aldehydes, carbon cabon double
bonds and carbon–hydrogen bonds in organic molecules, pyridinium chloro chromates (PCC) oxidations. B)
Oxidation with peracids and other peroxides: Oxidation of carbon-carbon double bonds Sharpless asymmetric
oxidation, oxidation of carbonyl compounds, Baeyer–Villigar oxidation. C) Other methods of oxidation: Prevost
and Woodward, Swern, Moffatt, DMSO-SO3 complex, Dess-Martin periodinane, iodobenzene diacetate and
periodates, thallium nitrate, Ruthenium tetraoxide.

UNIT – III: A)Carbocations: Rearrangements involving carbocations, (Meerwein, Pinacol-pinacolone, Tiffeneau-

Demjanov, Dienone phenol, Fries) B)Carbenes: Singlet and triplet species- their characteristics, generation, and
reactions involving cycloadditions, C-H insertion, nucleophilic reactions and rearrangements(including Wolf,Diazo-
ketone reactions including Arndt-Eistert), their stereochemical outcomes of reactions. C)Nitrenes: generation
structure reactions, and rearrangements (aziridine formation, C-H insertion, Hoffman Curtius and Schmidt) D)
Benzyne: generation structure, reactions.

Unit IV:Free Radicals and Photochemistry: Photosensitization, energy transfer reactions photo-dissociation, gas
phase photolysis, photochemistry of alkynes, intramolecular reactions of the olefinic bonds, geometrical isomerism,
rearragements of 1,4 (di-pi-methane) and 1,5 dienes, photochemistry of carbonyl compounds including Patterno
Buchi (oxitane formation),Norrish Types I and II (intramolecular reactions of carbonyl compounds) intermolecular
cycloaddition reactions and photooxygenation and reduction and rearrangements, (Barton, photo Fries).

Unit V: PERICYCLIC REACTIONS :

Molecular orbital symmetry, Frontier orbitals of ethylene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3,5-hexatriene and allyl systems.
Classification of pericyclic reactions. Woodward – Hoffmann correlation diagrams. FMO and PMO approach.
Electrocyclic reactions – conrotatory and disrotatory motions, 4n, 4n + 2 and allyl systems. Nazarov Cyclization,
cycloadditions – antarafacial and suprafacial additions, 4n and 4n + 2 systems, 2 + 2 addition of ketenes, 1,3 dipolar
cycloadditions and cheleotropic reactions. Sigmatropic rearrangements – suprafacial and antarafacial shifts of H,
sigmatropic shifts involving carbon moieties, 3,3- and 5,5- sigmatropic rearrangements. Claisen, Cope, aza and oxy-
Cope rearrangements. Ene reaction.

Essential reading :
1. Advanced Organic Chemistry-Reactions, Mechanism and structure, Jerry March, John Wiley
2. Organic Chemistry, R.T. Morrison and R.N. Boyd, Prentice Hall.
3. Modern Organic reactions, H. O. House, Benjamin.
4. Principle of organic synthesis, R.O.C. Norman and J.M.Coxon, Blackie Academic & Professional.
5. Pericyclic Reactions, S.M. Mukherji, Macmillan, India.
6. P. Y. Bruice, Organic Chemistry, Pearson Education, inc 2002.
Additional reading:
1. Organic Chemistry Michael B. Smith 2000
2. Reaction Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, S. M. Mukherji and S. P. Singh, Macmillan.
3. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, D. Nasipuri, New Age International.
4. Stereochemistry of Organic Compounds, P.S. Kalsi, New Age International.
5. Principles of organic synthesis R.O. C. Norman and Coxon ELBS
6. Advanced Organic chemistry, F.A. Carry and R.J. Sundberg, Plenum.
7. Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, C.K. Ingold, Cornell University Press.
 CHEMISTRY – 203: GENERAL CHEMISTRY (Open Paper – I)
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I: Symmetry and Nature of bonding:

MO treatment of simple diatomic (homo & hetero) system with special reference toB 2, C2, N2, F2, CO, HCl etc.
Symmetry elements and symmetry operations, symmetry groups with examples, molecular symmetry and polarity,
Delocalised chemical bonding-conjugation, resonance, hyperconjugation, tautomerism. Aromaticity in benzenoid
and non-benzenoid compounds. Huckel’s rule, energy level of -molecular orbitals, annulenes, antiaromaticity,
homo-aromaticity.

UNIT- II : Basic concepts of stereochemistry :

Conformational analysis of cycloalkanes, decalins, effect of conformation on reactivity. Chirality, molecules with
more than one chiral centres, methods of resolution, optical purity, enantiotopic and diastereotopic atoms, groups
and faces.

UNIT - III Green Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry: Introduction, the need of green chemistry,
principles of green chemistry, Atom economy, E-factor, planning of green synthesis, tools of green chemistry
(Solvents, reagents etc), Green reactions, Aldol condensation, Cannizaro reaction.

UNIT - IV: Chemistry of Biological system:

Essential and trace elements in biological systems, biochemistry of sodium and potassium, membrane structure,
mechanism of ion transport across membranes, biological defense mechanism, ionophores, valinomycin and crown
ether complexes of Na and K, Mechanism of Enzyme Action.

Unit IV- Spectroscopy –UV-VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY: Various electronic transitions (185-800nm), effect of
solvent on electronic transitions, ultraviolet bands for carbonyl compounds, unsaturated carbonyl compounds, Fiser
– Woodward rules for conjugated dienes. INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY: Characteristics vibrational frequencies
of alkanes, alkenes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, phenols and amines. Effect of hydrogen bonding. NUCLEAR
MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY: Basic principle, Chemical shift, spin-spin coupling, shielding
mechanism, rules of spectral analysis, Use of NMR in structural analysis of simple organic compounds.

Unit V- Chemistry of Nanomaterials: Introduction, definition of nanoscience, nanochemistry -classification of the

nanomaterials. Quantum dots, fullerenes and CNT. Synthesis of Nanomaterials: Sol-gel and CVD.
Properties of Nanomaterials: optical properties, magnetic properties, catalytic properties. Few selective examples of
recent emerging applications: Solar cell, Nano-medicine, nanoecotoxicology.

Essential readings:
1. R. Debock and H. B. Gray, Chemical structure and bonding, Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, 1980.
2. D. Nasipuri – Stereochemistry of Organic compounds, Wiley Eastern (1994).
CHEMISTRY – 204: QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY(Open Paper - II)
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT - I: Angular Momentum, Schordinger Wave Equation and its Applications

Hamiltonian, Hermitian and Unitary Operators, Some important Theorems, Schordinger equation - Particle
in a box and its application, Potential Energy Barrier and Tunneling Effect, One-dimensional Harmonic
Oscillator, Rigid Rotator.
Angular Momentum – Commutation Relations, Hydrogen atom-wave functions of hydrogen atoms,
Zeeman Effect, Spin-Orbit Coupling.

UNIT – II: Theory of Orbitals and Chemical Bonding

Approximate Methods: Perturbation theory and Variation theorem and their application.
Born-Oppenheimer approximation, LCAO-MO and VB treatment of the Hydrogen molecule and Hydrogen
molecule like ions, Comparison of Molecular Orbital and Valence Bond Methods.

Hybridization, Pi-electron approximation, Simple Huckel Treatment of Ethylene, Allyl and Butadiene
Systems, Calculating the energies of Cyclic Polyenes, Symmetry Adapted Linear Combinations (SALC).

Unit – III: Electronic and Microwave Spectroscopy

Electronic Spectra: Introduction to Electronic spectra, Born-Oppenheimer approximation, Franck – Condon
principle, Change of shape on excitation, Jablonski diagram: Fluorescence and Phosphorescence
Microwave Spectra: Rigid and Non-rigid rotator models, Rotational energies of diatomic molecules:
Moment of inertia and bond length, Centrifugal distortion, Effect of isotopic substitution

Unit – IV: Infra-Red and Raman Spectroscopy

Vibrational Spectra: Harmonic and Anharmonic oscillators, Fundamental frequencies, Overtones, Morse
potential, Hot bands, Vibration-rotational spectra of HCl, PQR branches, Characteristic stretching
frequencies of common functional groups and their dependence on chemical environment.
Raman Spectra: Molecular polarizability – Raman Effect, Pure rotational Raman spectra of linear
molecules, Vibrational Raman spectra – Raman activity of vibrational, Rule of mutual exclusion.

Unit – V: Magnetic ResonanceSpectroscopy

Interaction of magnetic moments with external magnetic field and the relevant Zeeman levels, Selection
rules, Chemical shifts and Origin of chemical shifts, Spectral features due to spin-spin interaction in NMR
Classification of NMR spectra.Concept of pulses and Relaxation techniques, Principles of 2D NMR.
ESR Spectra: Position of ESR adsorption, the g-factor fine structure of ESR absorption, Hyperfine
structure. Mechanism of Hyperfine Coupling and McConnell’s Relation.
Identification of pure ESR transitions and NMR transitions in the energy level diagram,Hyperfine
interaction, Calculation of zero order, first-order and second-order energies and the relevant energy level
diagrams, Identification of allowed and forbidden transitions.

ESSENTIAL READING:

1. D.A. McQuarrie – Quantum Chemistry, Oxford University Press (1983).

2. P.W. Atkins et al Molecular Quantum Mechanics, OUP, 1998.
3. R. K. Prasad, Quantum Chemistry, New Age International, New Delhi, 1997.
4. Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy, G.M. Barrow, McGraw Hill.
5. Introduction to Magnetic Resonance, A. Carrington and A.D. Maclachalan, Harper & Raw.
Basic Principles of Spectroscopy, R. Chang, McGraw Hill.
 CHEMISTRY – 205: LABORATORY COURSE IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

1. Qualitative Analysis:
Separation, purification and identification of compounds of binary mixture (one liquid and one solid, two solids)
using TLC and column chromatography, chemical tests (Semi micro/Spot test/Capillary method), UV and IR
Spectra to be used for functional group identification.
2. Chromatography: TLC and column chromatography (CC). Separation and identification of mixture of two or
three compounds by chromatography, determination of RF values.

3. Organic Synthesis: (Any four)

Acetylation : Acetylation of cholesterol and separation of cholesteryl acetate by column chromatography.
Oxidation: Adipic acid by chromic acid oxidation of cyclohexanol.
Grignard reaction: Synthesis of triphenylmethanol from benzoic acid. Aldol condensation: Dibenzal acetone from
benzaldehyde. Sandmeyer reaction : p-Chlorotoluene from p-toluidine. Acetoacetic ester condensation synthesis of
ethyl-n-butylacetoacetate by A.E.E. condensation. Cannizzaro reaction: 4-Chlorobenzaldehyde as substrate.
Friedel Crafts Reaction:β-Benzoyl propionic acid from succinic anhydride and benzene. Aromatic electrophilic
substitutions : Synthesis of p-nitroaniline and p-bromoaniline. Benzilic acid rearrangement: Benzilic acid from
benzoin, Benzoin—Benzil—Benzilic acid .Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds - Skraup synthesis: Preparation
of quinoline from aniline, Fisher – Indole synthesis: Preparation of 2-phenylindole from phenylhydrazine.
Enzymatic Synthesis:Enzymatic reduction: reduction of ethyl acetoacetate using Bakers’ yeast to yield
enantiomeric excess of S(+) ethyl-3-hydroxybutanoate and determine its optical purity. Biosynthesis of ethanol from
sucrose. Synthesis using microwaves. Alkylation of diethyl malonate with benzyl chloride. Synthesis using phase
transfer catalyst. Alkylation of diethyl malonate or ethyl acetoacetate with an alkyl halide.

4.Extraction of Organic compounds from Natural sources : (Any two)

Isolation of caffeine from tea leaves. Isolation of nicotine dipicrate from tobacco. Isolation of cinchonine from
cinchona bark. Isolation of piperine from black pepper. Isolation of lycopene from tomatoes. Isolation of β-
carotene from carrots. Isolation of oleic acid from olive oil involving the preparation of complex with urea and
separation of linoleic acid). Isolation of eugenol from cloves. Isolation of (+) limonine from citrus rinds
5. Quantitative Analysis: (any two )
Determination of the percentage or number of hydroxyl groups in an organic compound by acetylation method.
Estimation of amines/phenols using bromate bromide solution or acetylation method. Determination of lodine and
Saponification values of an oil sample. Determination of DO, COD and BOD of water sample.
6. Estimations: Ascorbic acid, Aspirin, Caffeine.
7. Use of Computer in organic chemistry: Simple operations like Drawing of structures, Optimization etc.

ESSENTIAL READINGS :
1. F. Brians, J. H. Antony, P. W. G. Smith and R. T. Austin, Vogel’s text book of practical organic chemistry,
ELBS, 5th Edn. 1991.
2. R. K. Bansal, Laboratory manual of organic chemistry, 3rd Edn. Wiley Eastern Limited, 1994.
3. D. H. Williams and Ian Fleming, Spectroscopic methods in organic chemistry, TMH Edition, 1988.
4. A. Buzarbarua, A Text Book of Practical Plant Chemistry, S. Chand and Company Ltd., 2000.
5. S. Sadasivam and A. Manikam, Biochemical Methods, Wiley Eastern, 1992.
6. D. L. Pavia, G. M. Lampman and G. S. Kriz, Introduction to Spectroscopy, 3 rd Edn. Harcourt College
Publishers, 2007.

ADDITIONAL READINGS:
1. A.Y. Sathi, A first courses in food analysis: New Age International (P) Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi, 1999.
2. M. R. Silverstein, C. G. Bassler, C. Horril, Spectroscopic Identification of Organic compounds, John Wiley and
Sons, 1991.
3. P. S. Kalsi, Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, New Age International Publishers Ltd., 1995.
4. I. L. Finar, Organic Chemistry Vol. 2, ELBS with Longman, 1975.
5. H. T. Clarke, A Hand book of Organic analysis Edward Arnold Ltd 1960.
 CHEMISTRY – 301: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY – III
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I:Organometallic Chemistry:

Introduction to organometallic chemistry: definition and classification (on basis of ligand type). Synthesis, structure,
bonding of sigma bonded transition metal complexes: Alkyls, Aryls, Acyls. Reactions of (-organyls): Homolytic
cleavage, Reductive elimination, Electrophilic cleavage, -metal hydrogen Elimination, -elimination.
Synthesis,structure, bonding and reactivity in metal – carbon multiple bonded complexes: Alkylidenes, Alkylidynes.

UNIT – II: Homogeneous catalysis:

Coordinative unsaturation, oxidative addition reactions, insertion reactions, reaction of coordinated ligand and
activation of small molecules by complexation, cayalytic reactions of alkenes (isomerization, hydrogenation,
hydroformylation, hydrosilylation and polymerization).

UNIT – III: Symmetry group theory and its applications:

Matrix representation of groups, reducible and irreducible representation, the Great Orthogonality Theorem,
character tables. Application of group theory: Transformation properties of atomic orbitals, hybridization scheme of
 and  - bonding, hybrid orbitals as LCAO. M.O. theory for AB n – type molecules e.g. BF relationship of MO and
the hybridization treatment, determinations of symmetry types of the normal modes for AB types of system,
selection rules, for fundamental vibrational transitions (Infrared and Raman).

UNIT- IV:Nuclear and Radiochemistry:

Radiation detection and measurement, ionization chamber, Geiger-Muller counter, proportional counter, scintillation
counter, solid state active and passive detectors, detection of neutrons. Nuclear reactions: Energetics, Q-value, cross-
sections types of nuclear reactions, nuclear fission and fusion chain reactions.

UNIT- V: Supramolecular chemistry:

Concepts of language a) Molecular recognition: Molecular receptors for different types of molecules including
arisonic substrates, design and synthesis of coreceptor molecules and multiple recognition.
b) Supramolecular reactivity and catalysis. c)Transport processes and carrier design.
d) Supramolecular photochemistry. e) Supramolecular devices: Supramolecular electronic, ionic and switching
devices. f) Some examples of self-assembly in supramolecular chemistry.

Suggested Reading:
1. F. A. Cotton and G. Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, Wiley Eastern, 6th Edn. 1999.
2. F. A. Cotton, Chemical Application of Group Theory, Wiley Eastern, 2nd Edn. 1972.
3. G. Friedlander, J. W. Kenendy and J. M. Miller, Nuclear and Radiochemistry, Wiley Int. 2nd Edn. 1964.
4. H. J. Arnikar, Essentials of Nuclear Chemistry, Wiley Eastern, 1988.
5. R. H. Crabtree, The organometallic chemistry of transition metals, John Wiley, 2ndEdn., 1994.
6. J. M. lehn, Supramolecular Chemistry- Concepts and Perspectives, VCH, Winheim, 1995
7. P. D. Beer, P. A. Gale and D K. Smith, Supramolecular Chemistry, Oxford Scince Publications, 1999.
8. K. Ariga and T. Kunitake, Supramolcular Chemistry,-Fundamentals and Applications, Springer, 2006.

Additional Readings:
A. Yamamoto, Organotransition metal chemistry, Wiley, 1986.
 CHEMISTRY – 302: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – III
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I: Reagents in Organic Synthesis:

Use of following reagents in organic synthesis and functional group transformations; Complex metal hydrides,
Gilman’s reagent, lithium dimethylcuprate, lithium disopropylamide (LDA), dicyclohexylcarboimide, 1,3-Dithiane
(reactivity umpolung), trimethyl silyliodide, DDQ, DCC, DIBAL, Hoffmann – Loffler-Fretag, Miyamura, Stille,
Negishi, Kamada Peterson synthesisSelenium dioxide and Baker yeast.

UNIT – II:Heterocyclic Chemistry

A) Synthesis and reactions of 5-membered heterocycles with one and two heteroatoms (imidazole, thiazole and
pyrazole). Chichibabin and Shapiro reaction. B) Reactions of pyridine quinoline and isoquinoline, Principles of
heterocyclic synthesis involving cyclization reactions and cycloaddition reactions.

UNIT – III:Green Chemistry:Introduction, the need of green chemistry, principles of green chemistry, Atom
economy, E-factor, planning of green synthesis,tools of green chemistry (Solvents, reagents etc), Green reactions,
Aldol condensation, Cannizaro reaction and Grignardreaction- comparison of the above with classical reactions-
Green preparations, Applications phasetransfer catalysts, Introduction to Microwave organic synthesis, Green
alternatives to some common reactions, Industrial synthesis of Ibuprofen. Biodegradable polymers and plastics

UNIT – IV:Chemistry of Natural Products:A) Carbohydrates: Natural products derived from carbohydrates-
sialic acides, vitamin C. O, S, N- glycosides. Cardiac glycosides, Digitoxin, Heparin. Saccharides as reagents and
synthesis of chiral compounds.B) Alkaloids: Synthesis ofEphedrine (±) and Quinine,C) Steroids: Cholesterol
(natural synthesis), Hormones: Testosterone, Estrone, Progesterone.

UNIT – V:Biogenesis:
A).Lipids: Essential Fatty acids. Role of lipids in life processes: Significance of stereochemistry in fats, essential
fatty acids, membranes / phospholipids. B)Peptides and Protein: Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins,
Peptides, amino acid sequencing. Merrifield Resin synthesis.C) Enzymes: Mechanism of Enzyme Action, examples
of some typical enzyme mechanisms for chymotrypsin, lysozyme D) Nucleic acids: Purine and pyrimidine bases of
nucleic acids, base pairing via H-bonding. Structure of ribonucleic acids (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA)
double helix model of DNA and its importance. Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of nucleic acids. Overview of
replication of DNA, transcription RNA and genetic code.

Essential reading:
1. L.A. Paquette-Modern Heterocyuclic Chemistry, W.A. Benzamin Inc., 1968.
2. L. Finar, Organic Chemistry, Vol.II ELBS, 1986.
3. Green chemistry, V.K.Ahluwalia, Ane book.
4. P.T. Anastas and J.C.Warner Green chemistry, , Oxford
5. E.E. Cohn and P.K. Stumpf, Outlines of Biochemistry, Wiley Eastern, 1987.
6. H.R. Mahaler and E.H. Cordes, Biological Chemistry, Harper International, 1989.
7. Van Der Plas, Ring Transformation of Heterocyclics, Vol.I &II, Academic press, 1976.
8. T.L. Gilchrist, Heterocyclic Chemistry, Longman, 1989.

Additional reading:
1. Robert F. Weavwer, Molecular Biology, McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1999.
2. Lubert Stryer, Biochemistry, Freeman, USA, 1989.
3. Michael B. Smith, Organic Synthesis, McGraw Hill, 1994.
4. J. Clayden, N. Greeves, S. Warren and P. Wothers, Organic Chemistry, OUP, New Delhi, 2001.
5. Albert L.Lehninger, David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox, Principles of Biochemistry, CBS, 2nd Edn. 1999.
 CHEMISTRY – 303 : PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY – III
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I : Statistical Thermodynamics : Part – I

Thermodynamic probability and entropy, Ensembles – Postulates of ensemble averaging, canonical ensemble, grand
canonical ensemble, micro canonical ensemble and their thermodynamics. Partition Functions – General relations
for independent distinguishable and indistinguishable molecules (Boltzmann statistics), derivation and evaluation of
translational partition function n using particle in a box model for ideal gases, derivation and evaluation of rotational
partition function using rigid rotator model for ideal diatomic molecules, rotational partition function for linear and
non-linear molecules (derivation not required).

UNIT – II : Statistical Thermodynamics : Part – 2

Derivation and evaluation of vibrational partition function for ideal diatomic gases using harmonic oscillator model,
electronic partition function. a) Chemical equilibria in ideal gases : Reference state of zero energy for calculation of
partition function of a system, expression for equilibrium constant in terms of partition functions, applications to
some chemical equilibria. b) Some illustrations: Equations of state for ideal gases, Theories of specific heat capacity
for solids (Einstein’s model), ideal lattice gas (Langmuir absorption isotherm) theory of absolute reaction rates.

UNIT – III : Statistical Thermodynamics : Part – 3

Maxwell- Boltzmann statistics, Fermi-Dirac statistics, ideal Fermi-Dirac gas (Electrons in metals). Bose-Einstein
statistics, ideal Bose-Einstein gas (helium). Statistical mechanics of imperfect gases, derivation of the virial equation
of state for a ono-component gas, siginificance of virial coefficients, evaluation of second virial coefficient.

UNIT – IV : Macromolecules :
Average molecular weights – number average and weight average molecular weights, determination of molecular
weights (viscosity, osomotic pressure, light scattering and sedimentation methods). polymerization reaction-free
radical mechanisms, rates of polymerization reaction, cationic, anionic and emulsion polymerization in solution,
optical and geometrical isomerism.

UNIT – V : Reactions on Surfaces :

Simple Langmuir isotherm (adsorption with dissociation, competitive adsorption) statistical treatment of ideal
adsorption and non-ideal adsorption, chemical reactions on surfaces (General discussion, Unimolecular surface
reactions-inhibition and activation energies. Biomolecular surface reactions two adsorbed molecules, one adsorbed
molecule and a gas molecule, two gases adsorbed inhibition, example of C2H4 –H2.

Suggested readings:

1. T. L. Hill Statistical Thermodynamics Addision Wesley 1960

2. D.A. Mcquarie Statistical Thermodynamics , Viva Books Pvt Ltd 2003
3. JM Seddon and JD Gale Thermodynamical and statistical mechanics RSC 2001
4. LK Nash Elements of Classical and statistical thermodynamics Addision –wesley 1970
5. M. C. Gupta Statistical Thermodynamics WEL 1995
6. Introduction to Polymer Science, V.R. Gowarikar, N.V. Vishwanathan and J. Sridhar, Wiley Eastern.
7. K.J.Laidler Chemical Kinetics Harper and Row

Additional reading:

1. Principles of Polymer Science P.Bahadur, N.V.Sastry Narosa 2002

2. An introduction to Statistical Thermodynamics Robert H Gasser, N. Graham Richards WSC, 1995
3. J Raja Ram and JC Kuriakose Kinetics and mechanism of Chemical transformations McMillan 1993
 CHEMISTRY – 304: APPLICATIONS OF SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

Part A: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (30+10)

Unit-I :Infrared and Raman spectroscopy: Structural studies involving IR and Raman Spectroscopy of
coordination compounds containing the following molecules/ions and ligands. NH3, H2O, OH, SO4-2, ClO4-, COO-,
NO2, CN-, SCN-, NO, O2, PR3, Halides, DMSO, azopyridine, oxime, quinine, acetylacetone, aminoacids.
Optical Electronic spectroscopy of metal complexes: Structural elucidation (cis, trans etc.). Calculation of 10Dq
values. Interpretation of spectral bands of octahedral and tetrahedral metal complexes.

Unit – II: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy:

Electron spin resonance spectroscopy: ESR of d1 and d9 transition metal ions in cubic and tetragonal ligand fields,
evaluation of g values and metal hyperfine coupling constants.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Applications of 13C, 1H, 31P and 19F NMR spectroscopy in the
structural assessment of inorganic compounds.

Unit – III : Mass Spectroscopy:

Principle of electron-impact induced mass spectrometry and FAB, qualitative and semiquantitative theories
including QET, concept of metastable ions transitions, Stevensons’s rules. Applications to metal compounds
containing carbonyl, alkyl, cyclopentadienyl and acetylacetonate.
Mossbauer Spectroscopy: Principle, Isomershift, Quadrupole effect, effect of magnetic field, application to iron
and tin compounds.

Part B: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Max Marks (45+15)

(Unit I carries 12 marks and other Units 11 marks)

Unit I:
i) MASS SPECTROMETRY:
Introduction, ion production- EI, CI, FD and FAB factors affecting fragmentation, ion analysis, ion abundance
Mass spectral fragmentation of organic compounds: common functional groups, molecular ion peak, metastable
peak, McLafferty rearrangement. Nitrogen rule. Structure determination.

ii) ULTRAVIOLET AND VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY:

Various electronic transitions (185-800nm), effect of solvent on electronic transitions, ultraviolet bands for carbonyl
compounds, unsaturated carbonyl compounds, dienes and conjugated polyenes. Fiser – Woodward rules for
conjugated dienes and carbonyl compounds, ultraviolet spectra of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds. Steric
effect in biphenyls.

Unit II: INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY:

Characteristics vibrational frequencies of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic compounds, alcohols, ethers, phenols
and amines. Detailed study of vibrational frequencies of different functional groups. Effect of hydrogen bonding and
solvent effect on vibrational frequencies, overtones, combination bands and Fermi resonance.

Unit III: NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY - I

Continuous wave (CW) NMR spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform (FT) NMR spectroscopy, Chemical shift in
NMR spectroscopy and determination of organic structure from spectra, spin-spin coupling, shielding mechanism,
rules of spectral analysis, virtual coupling, hindered rotation, karplus curve-variation of coupling constant with
dihedral angle, simplification of complex spectra, nuclear magnetic double resonance, solvent- induce shifts, The
effect of chirality, nuclear overhauser effect (NOE) and its applications.

Unit IV: NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY - II

A) 13C NMR SPECTROSCOPY: General consideration, chemical shift (aliphatic, olefinic, alkyne, aromatic,
heteroaromatic and carbonyl carbon) coupling constants. The applications of multipulse techniques like INEPT,
DEPT, DEPTQ. Spin decoupling methods – homonuclear and heteronuclear decoupling.
B) 2D NMR Spectroscopy – 2D NMR, the spectra of the “other nuclei”, Correlations through chemical bonds:
Homonuclear and heteronuclear spin correlation- COSY, NMR spectral analysis from COSY (problems), NOESY-
Interpretation of stereochemistry of organic molecules. Basics of HSQC and HMBC.
C) Elucidation of structure of organic compounds from UV-Visible, IR, NMR and MS Data.
Essential reading:
1. Kemp, Organic Spectroscopy, 3rd Edn, MacMillan, Hong Kong, 1991.
2. D. H. Williams and I. Fleming, Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, 4 th Edn. Tata McGraw-Hill,
New Delhi, 1991.
3. D. L. Pavia, G. M. Lampman and G. S. Kriz, Introduction to Spectroscopy, 3 rd Edn. Harcourt College
Publishers, 2007.
4. R. M. Silverstein and F. Webster, Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds, 6 th Edn. John Wiely,
New York, 1998.
5. K. Beimann, Mass Spectroscopy-Application to Organic Chemistry, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1962.
6. J. Barker, Mass Spectroscopy, 2nd Edn. John Wiely, New York, 2000.
7. K. Nakamato, IR and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds, 4th Edn. John Wiley, 1986.
8. R. S. Drago, Physical Methods in Chemistry, Saunders College Publishers, 1977.
9. M. R. Litzow and T R Spelding, Mass Spectroscopy of Inorganic & Organometallic Compounds,
Elsevier,73
Additional reading:
1. A.B. P. Lever, Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy, 2nd Edn. Elsevier.
2. J. R. Dyer, Application of Adsorption Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, 2 nd print, Prentice-Hall, New
Jersey, 1971.
3. H. Duddeck and W. Dietrich, Structure Elucidation by Modern NMR A Workbook, 2 nd revised and
enlarged edition. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1992
4.
 CHEMISTRY – 305 : LABORATORY COURSE IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

1. Determination of equilibrium constant of the reaction KI +

2. Determination of energy of activation for hydrolysis of an ester, using an acid catalyst.
3. Study of the reaction between acetone and iodine in the presence of an acid.
4. Determination of the partial molal volume of a solute in solution.
5. Determination of molecular weight of a non-electrolyte\electrolyte by cryoscopy.
6. Determination of dissociation constant of a weak electrolyte conductometrically and verification of Ostwald’s
dilution law.
7. Determination of specific rotation ofr source and rate constant of its hydrolysis, using a polarimeter.
8. Solubility curve for a ternary system of liquids (water acetic acid chloroform).
9. To obtain the phase diagram for a two component system forming a congruent compound (benzophenone-
diphenylamine).
10. Determination of transport number of ions by Hittorf’s method.
11. Determination of strengths of strong and weak acids in a given mixture , using the pH meter.
12. Determination of a) cell constant b) strengths of strong and weak acids in a given mixture,
conductometrically.
13. Determination of the order of saponifrication for the reaction of ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide,
conductometrically.
14. Determination of the order of saponification for the reaction of ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide,
conductometrically.
15. Determination of the equivalent conductivity of strong electrolytes at different dilutions (HCl, NaCl,
16. CH3 COONa) and hence to determine the equivalent conductivity of a weak electrolyte (CHCOOH) at
infinite dilution.
17. Determination of solubility and solubility product of sparingly soluble salts (PbSO4 and BaSO4),
conductometrically.
18. Determination of strengths of halide4s in a mixture, potentiometrically.
19. Determination of the valency of mercurous ions, potentiometrically.
20. Determination of the hydrolysis constant of ammonium chloride and the dissociation constant of
ammonium hydroxide potentiometrically.
21. Determination of the dipole moment of a polar molecule 7usinhg the dipole meter.
22. Determination of phase transition temperature through differential thermal analysis.
23. Determination of glass transition temperature of a given salt, conductometrically.
24. Determination of the PK of an indicator spectrophotometrically.
25. Determination of the PK of the indicator in micelle medium sepcttophotometrically.
26. Determination of the rate constant for the oxidation of iodide ions by hydrogen peroxide. Studying the
kinetics as an iodine-clock reactions.
27. Determination of the composition and the stability constant of a complex, spectrophotometrically.

Suggested reading:
1. Experiments in Physical Chemistry J.C.Ghosh Bharati Bhavan 1974,New Delhi
2. Advanced experimental chemistry (Physical) J.N.Gurtu, & NR Kapoor, S.C. Company 1980
3. Laboratory manual in Physical chemistry WJ Popiel, ELBS 1970
4. Advanced Practical in Physical Chemstry JB Yadav, Pragati prakasan Meerut
5. Practical Physical Chemistry, A. M. James and F. E. Prichard, Longman.

Additional reading
6. Findley’s practical Physical Chemistry, B. P. Levitt, Longman.
7. Experimental Physical Chemistry, R. C. Das and B. Behera, Tata McGraw Hill.
 CHEMISTRY – 401: ANALYTICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

Unit - I:Purification and Separation Techniques

Normal and reversed phase liquid chromatography, partition, adsorption, and ion exchange chromatography, gas
chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography. Hyphenated technique e. g. GC-MS, HPLC-ICPMS

Unit -II: Electrochemical methods of analysis:

Polarography: Linear scan polarography, Dropping mercury electrode (DME), Ilkovic equation. Voltammetry:
Hydrodynamic voltammetry, amperometry, cyclic voltammetry, Coulometry and their applications.

Unit -III: Thermal and Nuclear methods of analysis:

Thermal methods of analysis: Thermogravimetry (TG), Differential thermal analysis (DTA), Differential Scanning
Calorometry (DSC): Principles, instrumentation, applications.
Nuclear methods of analysis: Neutron activation analysis (NAA) and X-ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF):
Principles, instrumentation, applications. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS): Principles, instrumentation,
methodology and applications.

Unit IV: Introduction to computer and computing:

Basic structure and functioning of a computer (with demonstration), Algorithm, Flowchart, Development of small
computer codes (in FORTRAN or C) involving simple formula in chemistry such as van der Waal’s equation, p ,
kinetics and radioactive decay.

Unit V: Concepts in Computational Chemistry:

Scope of computational chemistry, Potential energy surface, Force fields, concept of Basis set (STO-3G, 3-21G, 6-
31G, 6-31G*, 6-31G**), The Born-Oppenheimer approximation, potential energy surfaces, local and global minima,
Hartree-Fock approximation, Kohn-Sham Equation and Density Functional Theory.
(Demonstration of the key concepts using suitable software package)

Essential Reading:
1. Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry, D.A. Skoog, D.M. West and F.J. Holler, W.B. Saunders.
2. Analytical Chemistry-Principles, J. H. Kennedy, W.B. Saunders.
3. Analytical Chemistry-Principles and Techniques, .G. Hargis, Prentice Hall.
4. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, D.A. Skoog, W. B. Saunders.
5. Instrumental methods of chemical analysis by B K Sharma Goel publishing House Ltd
6. Essentials of Nuclear chemistry HJ Arnikar, Wiley eastern.
7. D. A. McQuarrie, Quantum Chemistry (University Science Books, Mill Valley, CA,).
8. P. W. Atkins. Molecular Quantum Mechanics, Oxford Univ. Press

Additional reading:
1. Analytical chemistry, G.D. Christian, J. Wiley.
2. Quantitative Analysis, R. A. Day, Jr. and A.L. Underwood, Prentice Hall.
3. Environmental Solution Analysis, S. M. Khopkar, Wiley Eastern.
4. Basics Concepts of Analytical Chemistry, S.M. Khopkar, Wiley Eastern.
5. Handbook of Instrumental Techniques for Analytical Chemistry, F.Settle, Prentice Hall.
6. Principles of Instrumental Analysis, D.A. Skoog and J.L. Loary, W.B. Saunders.
7. Analytical chemistry of macroscopic and supramolecular compounds S M Khopkar, Narosa 2002.
8. Christopher J. Cramer, Essentials of Computational Chemistry: Theories andModels, 2nd Ed. Wiley & Sons,
New York
 Chemistry CH – 402: CHEMISTRY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

Unit- I: Introduction to Nanomaterials:

Introduction - definition of nanoscience, nanochemistry -classification of the nanomaterials, Synthesis of
Nanomaterials: Top-Down and Bottom-up approaches. Characterization Techniques: Electron Microscopy,
Spectroscopy, XRD. Properties of nanomaterials:Size-effect: melting point, electrical properties, optical properties,
magnetic properties, catalytic properties. Few selective examples of recent emerging applications: Solar cell, green-
and environmental-nanotechnology, nanoecotoxicology.
Unit- II: Photosensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy: Modified Jablonski Diagram, Type I and Type-II
mechanism for generation of ROS, Prophyrin analogues, Nanomaterials in PDT. First, second and third generation
Photosensitizers and their development.
Unit -III: Mesogens and Supramolecules:
Introduction - Difference between liquid crystal, solid and liquid. Order parameters, Classification of liquid crystals.
Thermotropic liquid crystals, shape anisotropy, nematic, cholestreric and smectic mesophases. Important
applications of liquid crystals.
Applications of Supramolecule: Molecular sensors- Electrochemical and optical sensors, Switches and molecular
machinery, Photochemical devices, MRI contrast, Anti cancer agents, Cosmetics and food industries.
Unit- IV: Pharmaceutical Chemistry
Concept and definition of Pharmacophore, Drug Discovery, Design and Development. Structure-activity
relationships: Strategies in drug design. QSAR and combinatorial synthesis. Optimization of drug-target interactions
and access to drug targets. ADMET of drugs. Pro-drugs and drug delivery systems. Elementary ideas on
Biomimicking systems: Cyclodextrins as enzyme mimics, ion channel mimics.
Unit- V: Hazards and Peaceful use of Chemistry
Historical background, types of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) – Nuclear, Radiological, Chemical and
Biological. Chemical warfare agents: Classes, Designation, persistency. Hazards and peaceful uses. Chemical
Weapon Convention (CWC).

Essential Readings:
1. Introduction to Nanoscale science and Technology, (Ed) Massimiliano Di Ventra, Kluwer Academic.
2. Nanomaterials CNR Rao, Wiley-VCH
3. M.J.O.Connell, Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Application, CRC Press, 2006
4. Nanostructures and Nanomaterials,Synthesis, Properties Applications, by G.Cao, Imperial College Press,
57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE, 2004
5. C.N.R.Rao, A.Muller, A.K.Cheetham, Nanomaterial Chemistry: Recent developments and new directions,
Wiley, 2007.
6. T. Pradeep, Nano: The Essentials, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2007.
7. Nanoparticle Technology Handbook, Masuo Hosokawa, Kiyoshi Nogi, Makio Naito, Toyokazu Yokoyama,
Elsevier 2007
8. Yury Gogotsi , Nanomaterials Handbook, CRC press, 2008
Additional reading:
1. J.W.steed, D.R.Turner, K.Wallace, Core Concept in Supramolecular Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Wiley,
2007
2. H.S. Nalwa, Handbook of Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology, Academic Press, 2000.
3. M.S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresslhous, P.C. Eklund, Science of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes, Academic
Press, San Diego, USA, 1996.
4. M.S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresslhous, P. Avouris, Carbon Nanotubes: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and
Application, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2001.
5. P. J. Bruke, Nanotubes and Nanowires, Spring, 2004
6. Advanced semiconductor and organic nano technique part I, II, III Hadis Morkoc, Elsevier
 CHEMISTRY – 403 A: INORGANIC CHEMISTRY – IV
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I:Organometallic Chemistry

Synthesis, structure, bonding (qualitative treatment only) and reactivity of -Coordination of C-C multiple bonds:
Alkene, Di and Polyenes, Allenes, Alkynes, Carbocyclic Polyene ligands: Allyls, Pentadienyls, Cyclopropenyls,
Cyclobutadienes, cyclopentadienyl, Arenes. Multidecker sandwitch compounds.

UNIT – II: Photochemistry of metal complexes:

Excited states and excited state processes : Ligand field states, charge transfer states, thexi and DOSENCO states,
photophysical processes (radiative and nonradiative transitions). Photochemical reactions: L-F excited states and
Cr(III) complexes, LMCT states and MLCT states. Survey of photoreactions of complexes of d-transitions
elements. Applications of photochemical reactions of coordination compounds: Synthesis and catalysis chemical
actinometry photochromism.

UNIT – III: Radiochemical method of analysis:

Tracers in chemical analysis. The tracer technique, isotopic exchange and other tracer reactiobns, analytical
applications, Hot atom chemistry. Methods of radiochemical separation: Carriers, precipitation, ion-exchange,
solvent extraction, electrochemical method isotope dilution technique and its applications.

UNIT – IV: Bioinorganic chemistry:

Copper: Ceruloplasmin, cytochrome oxidase and superoxide dismutase, Tyrosine. Cobalt: carbonic anhydrase,
carboxy peptidase and metallothioneins, interchangeability of zinc and cobalt in enzymes. Magnesium, : Complexes
with ATP and ADP, active transport of ions across membrane, Catalase and calcium in living cell and transport and
regulation. Metal ion detoxification.

UNIT – V: Design and Synthesis of ligands and complexes.

Intermolecular interactions, Crystal Design Strategies, Crystallization and crystal growth, Polymorphism,
Coordination polymers: properties and applications.

Essential Readings:
1. H. J. Emeleus and A. G. Sharpe, Modern Aspects of inorganic chemistry, 4th Edn. Rout ledge and Kegan Paul,
London, 1973.
2. R. W. Hay, Bio-Inorganic Chemistry, Halsted Press, 1984.
3. F. wells, Structural Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edn. OUP, Oxford, 1984.
4. W. E. Addison, Structural Principles in Inorganic Compounds, Longmans, London, 1974.
5. S. J. Lippard and J. M. Berg, Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry, University Science Books.
6. G. R. Desiraju, J. J. Vittal and A. Ramanan, Crystal Engineering, IISC Press, World Scientific, 2011.

Additional reading:
1. J. M. Lehn, Supramolecular Chemistry, VCH.
2. R. C. Mehrotra and A. Singh, Organo-metallic Chemistry, New Age International.
3. R. West, Solid State Chemistry and its Application, Wiley, New York, 1984.
4. E.A.V. Ebsworth, D.W.H. Rankin and S. Cradock, Structural Methods in Inorganic Chemistry, Blackwell
Scientific Publishers, Oxford, 1987.
5. D. M. Adams, Inorganic Solids, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1974
 CHEMISTRY – 403 B: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY – IV
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I: A)Organometallic Chemistry:

Bonding of transition metal in organo-metallic complexes. Fluxionality, epolarization of reactive or unstable
molecules. Insertion reactions. Formation of C-C bonds with the aid of organo-Ti, Ce, B, Si and Zn compounds and
their stereochemical or chemoselective applications. Role of organo-Cd, Hg and Pd compounds in organic synthesis.
B) Ylids: Phosphorous, Nitrogen and Sulphur Ylids and stereochemistry of compoundscontaining Phosphrous,
Sulfur and Nitrogen.

UNIT – II:Disconnection Approach (Retro Synthesis): An introduction to Synthons and synthetic equivalents,
disconnection approach,functional group interconversions. One group C-X and two group disconnections in 1,2-,
1,3-,1,4-& 1,5- difunctional compounds , Retro- synthesis of Alkene,acetylenes and aliphatic nitro Alcohols and
carbonyl compounds, amines , the importance of the order of events in organic synthesis, chemoselectivity,
regioselectivity. Diels-Alder reaction, Aldol condensation, Michael addition and Robinson annulation. Retro-
synthesis of aromatic Heterocycles and 3, 4, 5 and 6 membered carbocyclic and heterocyclic rings. Reversal of
polarity (Umpolung).

UNIT –III: Heterocyclic Synthesis-:

a) Diazines: Synthesis and general reactivity of pyridizine, pyrimidine and pyrazine.b) Benzo-Fused Five Membered
Heterocycles: Synthesis and reactions including medicinal applications of Indole, benzopyrroles, benzofurans and
benzothiophenes. c) Six-membered heterocycles with two or more heteroatoms: Synthesis and reactions of triazines,
tetrazines and thiazines.

UNIT – IV: Medicinal Chemistry-I: Chemistry of Drug Design

Development of new drugs, procedures followed in drug design, concepts ofprodrugs and soft drugs. Theories of
drug activity, Quantitative structure activityrelationship (QSAR). Elementary treatment of drug receptor
interactions, Structure-Based Drug Design,Transporters and Enzymes as drug targets, Lipophilicity, LD-50.

UNIT – V: Medicinal Chemistry-II: Application

A) GeneralAccounts on Antibiotics: Preparation or synthesis of semi synthetic penicillin, conversion of penicillin
into cephalosporin.
B) Anti-neoplastic drugs: Cancer chemotherapy, Treatment schemes, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics and
mode of action of mechloraethamine, cyclophosphamide, structure and role of Mephalan, uracils, mustards, Study of
the role of (i)Flavones: Tangeritin (synthesis is not required), Vinca Alkoloids: Vincristine (synthesis is not
required)
C) Study of the recent developments in cancer therapy viz., Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)at cellular and tissue
levels, selectivity of PD treatment,and Hyperthermia.

Essential reading:
1. F. Hill, Organotransition Metal Chemistry, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2002.
2. R. C. Mehrotra and A. Singh, Organometallic Chemistry: A unified approach, 2 ndEdn., New Age
International Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2000.
3. J. Pearson, Metalloorganic Chemistry, John Wiely, 1985.
4. R. E. Ireland, Organic Synthesis, Prentice-Hall, 1969
5. K. C. Nicholson and E. J. Sorenson, Classics in Total Synthesis, VCH, 1996.
6. E.E. Cohn and P.K. Stumf, Outlines of Biochemistry, Wiley Eastern, 1987.
7. J.D. Bulock, The Biosynthesis of Natural products, McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1986.
8. T.L. Gilchrist, Heterocyclic Chemistry, Longman, 1989.
9. Jould and Mills, Heterocyclic Chemistry, Blackwell, 1988.
10. Alka L.gupta, “Medicinal Chemistry,” Pragati Prakasan Meerut.
11. AhluwaliaV.K.,MaduChopra “Medicinal Chemistry,” Ane books.

Additional reading:
1. F. A. Carey and R. J. Sundberg, Advanced Organic Chemistry, Parts A and B, Plenum Press, 1990.
2. Robert F. Weaaver, Molecular Biology, 1999, McGraw Hill New Delhi.
3. Lubert Stryer, Biochemistry, 1989, Freeman, USA.
4. Albert L. Lehninger, David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox, Principles of Biochemistry, CBS Publishers and
Distributors, 2nd Edn.1999.
 CHEMISTRY – 403C : PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY – IV
Max. Marks: 100, External: 70, Pass Marks: 28, Sessional:30, Pass Marks:12

UNIT – I : Photophysical Processes in Excited State:

Types of photophysical pathways, Radiationless transitions, Fluorescence emission, Triplet state and
phosphorescence emission, Fluorescence quenching, Stern-Volmer equation, Concentration quenching and excimer
formation, Quenching by foreign substrates, Exciplex formation.

UNIT – II: Solvent and Environmental Effects on Fluorescence:

Solvent polarity effect; Derivation and application of Lipper-Mataga (LM) equation, effect of viscosity, temperature
effects; Additional factors that effect fluorescence emission; effect of solvent mixtures: specific and non-specific
interactions.
Biochemical applications of environment sensitive fluorescent probes.

UNIT – III : Solid State :

A) Physical properties of solids : i) Thermoelectric effects : Thomson, Peltier. Seebeck and Hall effects, dielectric
materials, ferro-pyro and piezo electricity and its applications. Ii) Optical properties ; absorption, photoconductivity
and luminescence. B) Electrically conducting organic solids : Organic metals, conjugated systems, electrically
conducting polymers, organic charge-transfer complexes, organic super conductors.

UNIT – IV : Liquid State :

Cohesion of liquids and internal pressure, intermolecular forces and pair potential functions – hardsphere and
Lennard-Jones potential functions. Partition function for liquids : Classical partition function, cell theory of liquids
considering hard-sphere potential function, concept of communal energy and communal entropy, radial distribution
function method for liquids : Clausius virial theorem, equation of state in terms of radial distribution function.

UNIT – V: Chemical Dynamics:

Dynamics of gas phase reactions: : Hydrogen-bromine reaction, pyrolysis of hydrocarbons, pyrolysis of
acetaldehyde, decomposition of ozone, decomposition of nitrogen pentoxide. Dynamic of unimolecular reactions,
Lindemann-Hinshelwood and the Rice-Ramsperger-assel-Marcus (RRKM) theories of unimolecular reactions,
chemical reaction dynamics, steady state kinetics, kinetic and thermodynamic control of reactions.

Essential reading:

1. Physical chemistry, P.W. Atkins, 7th edn 2000, OUP

2. Rastogi and Mishra an introduction Chemical Thermodynamics, VPH, 1980
3. Liquid state Pryde, Hutchinson&co 1966
4. Solid state chemistry ARWest,
5. Chemical Kinetics, K. J. Laidler, McGraw Hill.
6. Foundation of chemical Kinetics S. W. Benson MGH, 1982

Additional reading:

1. Theoretical electrochemistry Antropov Mir Publishers 1980

2. Kinetics and Mechanism of Chemical Transformations, J. Rajaram and J.Kuriacose, McMillan.
3. Micelles, Theoretical and applied Aspects, V. Moroi, Plenum.
4. Modern Electrochemistry Vol. I and Vol. II, J.O.M., Bockris and A.K.N. Reddy, Plenum.
5. Theoretical electrochemistry, Glasstone, AEN 1960
6. Introduction to Polymer Science, V.R. Gowarikar, N.V. Vishwanathan and J. Sridhar, Wiley Eastern
 Chemistry CH – 404: Project Work
Max. Marks: 200, External: 140, Pass Marks: 56, Sessional:60, Pass Marks:24

Project Work: A/B/C

A = Inorganic

B = Organic

C = Physical