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    JanaínaMedeiros
    This document presents a problem involving the heating of a spherical shell and determining its temperature variation over time. (a) It derives the governing differential equation for the variation of the wall temperature with time by performing an energy balance on the shell. It then solves the equation to find the initial rate of temperature change. (b) It determines the steady-state wall temperature by setting the energy in equal to the energy out under steady-state conditions. (c) It shows through parametric calculations that the temperature sharply increases with decreasing convection coefficients below 1000 W/m2K, and that boiling could occur above 380K and film boiling above 410K. The convection coefficient should be maintained above 1000 W

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    sm1 064 PDF

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    JanaínaMedeiros
    46 views2 pages
    This document presents a problem involving the heating of a spherical shell and determining its temperature variation over time. (a) It derives the governing differential equation for the variation of the wall temperature with time by performing an energy balance on the shell. It then solves the equation to find the initial rate of temperature change. (b) It determines the steady-state wall temperature by setting the energy in equal to the energy out under steady-state conditions. (c) It shows through parametric calculations that the temperature sharply increases with decreasing convection coefficients below 1000 W/m2K, and that boiling could occur above 380K and film boiling above 410K. The convection coefficient should be maintained above 1000 W

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    This document presents a problem involving the heating of a spherical shell and determining its temperature variation over time. (a) It derives the governing differential equation for the variation of the wall temperature with time by performing an energy balance on the shell. It then solves the equation to find the initial rate of temperature change. (b) It determines the steady-state wall temperature by setting the energy in equal to the energy out under steady-state conditions. (c) It shows through parametric calculations that the temperature sharply increases with decreasing convection coefficients below 1000 W/m2K, and that boiling could occur above 380K and film boiling above 410K. The convection coefficient should be maintained above 1000 W

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    46 views2 pages

    sm1 064 PDF

    Uploaded by

    JanaínaMedeiros
    This document presents a problem involving the heating of a spherical shell and determining its temperature variation over time. (a) It derives the governing differential equation for the variation of the wall temperature with time by performing an energy balance on the shell. It then solves the equation to find the initial rate of temperature change. (b) It determines the steady-state wall temperature by setting the energy in equal to the energy out under steady-state conditions. (c) It shows through parametric calculations that the temperature sharply increases with decreasing convection coefficients below 1000 W/m2K, and that boiling could occur above 380K and film boiling above 410K. The convection coefficient should be maintained above 1000 W

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    PROBLEM 1.

    64
    KNOWN: Inner surface heating and new environmental conditions associated with a spherical shell of
    prescribed dimensions and material.
    FIND: (a) Governing equation for variation of wall temperature with time. Initial rate of temperature
    change, (b) Steady-state wall temperature, (c) Effect of convection coefficient on canister temperature.
    SCHEMATIC:

    ASSUMPTIONS: (1) Negligible temperature gradients in wall, (2) Constant properties, (3) Uniform,
    time-independent heat flux at inner surface.
    PROPERTIES: Table A.1, Stainless Steel, AISI 302: ρ = 8055 kg/m3, c p = 535 J/kg⋅K.
    & − E& &
    ANALYSIS: (a) Performing an energy balance on the shell at an instant of time, E in out = Est .
    Identifying relevant processes and solving for dT/dt,

    ( ) ( ) ( 4
    )
    q′′i 4π ri2 − h 4π ro2 ( T − T∞ ) = ρ π ro3 − ri3 c p
    3
    dT
    dt
    dT 3 ⎡ q′′i ri2 − hro2 ( T − T∞ ) ⎤ .
    =
    p (
    dt ρ c r 3 − r 3 ⎣o i ) ⎦

    Substituting numerical values for the initial condition, find


    ⎡
    ( 0.6m )2 ( 500 − 300 ) K ⎤⎥
    W W
    3 ⎢105 2 ( 0.5m ) − 500 2
    2
    dT ⎞ ⎣ m m ⋅K ⎦
    ⎟ =
    dt ⎠i kg J ⎡ 3⎤ 3
    8055 3 510 ( 0.6 ) − ( 0.5 ) ⎦⎥ m
    3
    m kg ⋅ K ⎣⎢
    dT ⎞
    dt ⎟⎠i
    = −0.084 K/s . <
    & = 0, it follows that
    (b) Under steady-state conditions with E st
    ( ) ( )
    q′′i 4π ri2 = h 4π ro2 ( T − T∞ )

    2
    q′′i ⎛ ri ⎞
    2
    105 W/m 2 ⎛ 0.5m ⎞
    T = T∞ + ⎜ ⎟ = 300K + ⎜ ⎟ = 439K <
    h ⎝ ro ⎠ 500W/m 2 ⋅ K ⎝ 0.6m ⎠

    Continued …..
    PROBLEM 1.64 (Cont.)

    (c) Parametric calculations were performed using the IHT First Law Model for an Isothermal Hollow
    Sphere. As shown below, there is a sharp increase in temperature with decreasing values of h < 1000
    W/m2⋅K. For T > 380 K, boiling will occur at the canister surface, and for T > 410 K a condition known
    as film boiling (Chapter 10) will occur. The condition corresponds to a precipitous reduction in h and
    increase in T.

    1000

    900

    800
    Temperature, T(K)

    700

    600

    500

    400

    300
    100 400 800 2000 6000 10000

    Convection coefficient, h(W/m^2.K)

    Although the canister remains well below the melting point of stainless steel for h = 100 W/m2⋅K, boiling
    should be avoided, in which case the convection coefficient should be maintained at h > 1000 W/m2⋅K.
    COMMENTS: The governing equation of part (a) is a first order, nonhomogenous differential equation
    ( )
    with constant coefficients. Its solution is θ = ( S/R ) 1 − e − Rt + θi e − Rt , where θ ≡ T − T∞ ,

    ( ) ( )
    S ≡ 3q′′i ri2 / ρ c p ro3 − ri3 , R = 3hro2 /ρ cp ro3 − ri3 . Note results for t → ∞ and for S = 0.

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