Just As They May Lie To Cover Their Own Faults.: Morrison, (2017)

The self-effacing personality can also be interpreted as Dependent Personality Disorder.
People with this type of personality have a strong need to be taken care of by other people. This
need to be taken care of, and the associated fear of losing the support of others, often leads them
to people behave in a "clingy" manner; to submit to the desires of other people. They feel
helpless and uncomfortable when they are alone. In order to avoid conflict, they may have great
difficulty standing up for themselves. They find it difficult to make decisions on their own, they
prefer someone else to make the decision for them. This intense fear of losing a relationship
makes them vulnerable to manipulation and abuse. Being alone is extremely hard for them.
When someone with Dependent Personality Disorder finds that a relationship, they depend on
has ended, they will immediately seek another source of support.
The Expansive personality can also be seen as Narcissistic Personality Disorder
according to the DSM 5. People with narcissistic personality disorder have significant problems
with their sense of self -worth stemming from a powerful sense of entitlement. They have a false
sense of self-worth stemming from a sense of entitlement. This leads them to believe they
deserve special treatment, are uniquely talented, brilliant or attractive. This sense of power leads
them to act in ways that disregard and disrespect those around them. sensitive as they are about
their own feelings, they have little apparent understanding of the feelings and needs of others and
may feign empathy, just as they may lie to cover their own faults. According to Morrison, (2017).
people with Narcissistic personality disorder, in spite of their grandiose attitudes, they have
fragile self-esteem and often feel unworthy; even at times of great personal success, they may
feel untrue
or undeserving. They are overly sensitive to what others think about them, and feel compelled to
extract compliments. They get so caught up in their fantasies that they do not put any effort into
their daily life nor direct their energies toward accomplishing their goals.
The Resigned personality, this can also be referred to as the Avoidant Personality Disorder.
People diagnosed with this disorder are intensely afraid that others will ridicule them, reject
them, or criticize them. These types of thoughts create feelings of intense anxiety in social
situations, along with a fear of being ridiculed, criticized, and rejected. The intensity of this
fearful anxiety, and the discomfort it creates, compels them to avoid interpersonal situations.
They might avoid parties or social events, and may have difficulty giving presentations at work
or speaking up in meetings. These further limits their ability to develop social skills.
B)
Dependent patients are known to be needy, clingy, and insecure and are unable to make the
smallest decisions without excessive amount of advice and reassurance from other people. The
following therapies have been put forward to help people with dependent disorder.
social skills training (SST) which teaches individuals to understand verbal and non-verbal cues
during interactions, carry on a conversation, and communicate in an assertive way. It might
include techniques such as modeling, role playing, and receiving feedback. This will help the
client to become assertive and confident among other people that they are able to survive on their
own and not on the host.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help individuals with DPD shift how they think about
themselves and their abilities, along with challenging and changing other damaging longstanding
beliefs. It can help individuals become more independent and build their self-confidence. The
main root cause of dependency disorder is how the individual feels about themselves. The
counselor can help the client by changing distorted, unhelpful thoughts.
On top of that the counselor can also the client to engage in solo activities that can help them
discover their interests and independence other than relying on someone else for their own happiness
and life.
According to Sue, Sue, & Sue, .2017, avoidant personality results from a complex
interaction between early childhood environmental experiences and innate temperament. For
example, parental rejection and censure, reinforced by rejecting peers, may lead to the
development of mental plan such as “I should avoid unpleasant situations at all costs”
Additionally, people with this disorder are caught in a vicious cycle: Because they are
preoccupied with rejection, they are constantly alert for signs of negativity or ridicule. The
general goal of treatment in avoidant personality disorder is improvement of self-esteem and
confidence. As the individuals’ self-confidence and social skills improve, they will become more
resilient to potential or real criticism by others. (Ahmed et al., 2012)
Narcissistic personality disorder patients can be difficult to treat because individuals with
the disorder do not think they have a problem and tend to blame everyone else for everything.
According to Mayo Clinic treatment is centered around talk therapy, also called psychotherapy.
Psychotherapy can help the patient Learn to relate better with others so that relationships are
more intimate, enjoyable and rewarding but also understand the causes of the emotions and what
drives them to compete, to distrust others, and perhaps to despise themselves and others. (Mayo
clinic, 2017)
For people with narcissistic personality disorder, a therapy that offers individual, group,
and family therapy offers the best possibility for recovery. Ongoing and intensive long-term
therapy can help narcissistic sufferers come to grips with how their condition has damaged their
lives and kept them from reaching their full potential, and the input of peers and loved ones can
add context, depth, and reinforcement to these realizations.

References
Ahmed, U., Gibbon, S., Jones, H., Huband, N., Ferriter, M., Völlm, B. A., … Duggan, C. (2012).
Psychological interventions for avoidant personality disorder. Cochrane Database of
Systematic Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd009549
Sue, D., Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. M. (2017). Essentials of understanding abnormal behavior.
Cengage Learning.
Morrison, J. (2017). Dsm-5 Made Easy: the clinician's guide to diagnosis. GUILFORD.
Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. (2017, November 18). Narcissistic
personality disorder. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/narcissistic-personality-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20366662.

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The self-effacing personality can also be interpreted as Dependent Personality Disorder.

has ended, they will immediately seek another source of support.

The Expansive personality can also be seen as Narcissistic Personality Disorder

during interactions, carry on a conversation, and communicate in an assertive way. It might

own and not on the host.

counselor can help the client by changing distorted, unhelpful thoughts.

general goal of treatment in avoidant personality disorder is improvement of self-esteem and

resilient to potential or real criticism by others. (Ahmed et al., 2012)

add context, depth, and reinforcement to these realizations.

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