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This document provides an overview of electromagnetic transients and tools for analyzing them, specifically focusing on the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP). It describes how EMTP and its variants like ATP can be used to model and simulate transients in electric power systems arising from events like switching, faults, and lightning. It also discusses other options for time-domain simulation and the capabilities of the ATP version of EMTP, including its input interface ATPDraw.

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Jos
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129 views10 pages

L1 PDF

This document provides an overview of electromagnetic transients and tools for analyzing them, specifically focusing on the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP). It describes how EMTP and its variants like ATP can be used to model and simulate transients in electric power systems arising from events like switching, faults, and lightning. It also discusses other options for time-domain simulation and the capabilities of the ATP version of EMTP, including its input interface ATPDraw.

Uploaded by

Jos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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U What Are Electromagnetic ECE524

I Transients? Lecture 1

 Power systems normally in steady-state


» Or Quasi-steady-state
» Allows use of RMS phasors
 Switching, operations, faults, lightning,
» Response frequencies from DC to MHz
» Generally dies out rapidly (higher freq.)
» Large voltage and currents are possible
» RLC response to change in voltage or current

Introduction 1 Spring 2014

U ECE524

I Analyzing Transients Lecture 1

 Understand the transient you want to model


 Good data to form detailed models
 Mathematical model of the system
 Solve coupled differential equations
» Hand calculations in the LaPlace domain
» Hand calculations in the time domain
» Time domain numerical circuit simulation
» Frequency domain simulation
Introduction 2 Spring 2014

1
U ECE524

I Circuit Simulation Lecture 1

 Output often as time domain waveforms


 Often want instantaneous peak values of
v(t) and i(t)
» Or in some cases energy
» Peaks missed with RMS or harmonic
solutions

Introduction 3 Spring 2014

U Transient Network ECE524

I Analyzer (TNA) Lecture 1

 Predates use of digital computers


» Analog computer model
» Hybrid: digital controls
 Real-time digital simulators

 Cost limits to small class of problems


» Closed loop testing of control hardware

Introduction 4 Spring 2014

2
U Off-Line Time Domain ECE524

I Simulation Lecture 1

 Digital computer simulation of transients


 General purpose equation solvers:
MATLAB, MathCAD
 Analog electronic and integrated circuits:
SPICE, Saber
 Not really designed for power system
transients

Introduction 5 Spring 2014

U The Electromagnetic ECE524

I Transients Program-EMTP Lecture 1

 Hermann Dommel, Germany, then BPA


 Numerically solves difference equations
 Fixed versus variable time-step
 EMTP has become and industry standard
(verified models)
 Modules in other power systems programs
 Matlab toolbox

Introduction 6 Spring 2014

3
U ECE524

I EMTP Variants Lecture 1

 Original version mainly modeled RLC elements


switches, ideal sources and lines
 Many extensions and several versions
» ATP: Alternate transients program (http://www.emtp.org)
» EMTP-RV (http://www.emtp.com) latest from DCG
» EMTDC: student version available free from their web site
(http://www.pscad.com/)
» RTDS: Real time digital simulator (cost)
» SimPowerSystems blockset for Matlab

Introduction 7 Spring 2014

U ECE524

I EMTP-like Programs Lecture 1

 Designed to study transient phenomenon from a


few hundred Hertz to hundreds of kHz
 Switching surges, faults studies, insulation
coordination, power electronic interactions with
power systems
 EMTP can also model dc systems and
electromechanical interactions
 Trapezoidal integration schemeastable
» Stable results if transient response modeled is stable

Introduction 8 Spring 2014

4
U ECE524

I EMTP Programs Lecture 1

 Outputs are voltage, current, power, and energy


versus time
 Control variables are available if controls are
modeled
 Can model simple controls using EMTPs control
models or can interface to FORTRAN (in some
cases C or Matlab too)
» Programs have internal control modeling
» Graphical user interface

Introduction 9 Spring 2014

U ECE524

I ECE 524 Lecture 1

 This class will have assignments requiring use of an


EMTP-like program
 Can use any of programs listed above, but best if
use ATP or PSCAD/EMTDC
» Student version of PSCAD will be a little small at times
» In past, most EO students have preferred ATP
 If your employer has a preferred program you can
use that – let me know

Introduction 10 Spring 2014

5
U ECE524

I The ATP Version Lecture 1

 ATP is essentially free, a license application


needs to be filled out
» http://www.emtp.org/
 The purpose is to limit access to parties that have
participated in “EMTP-Commerce”
 Cost is limited to shipping materials--can
download much of it now, so don’t need to pay for
shipping

Introduction 11 Spring 2014

U ECE524

I ATP Versions Lecture 1

 ATP ported several operating system


 Several versions for the PCs
 Run in DOS windows/Command Prompt
» Ming32: All MS windows variants.

Introduction 12 Spring 2014

6
U ECE524

I ATP Plotting Programs Lecture 1

 Older versions of EMTP displayed plot on


screen at end of the simulation run
 Special purpose plotting programs
» PlotXY: Simply Windows based plotting program.
Export to word processor
– Recommended for ECE 524
» TPPLOT: Distributed with Salford ATP
» PCPLOT (WPCPLOT): Simple plotting program.

Introduction 13 Spring 2014

U ECE524

I ATP Plotting Programs Lecture 1

» GTPPLOT: Build of TPPLOT using GNU Fortran


Compiler. Doesn't require Salford Extender, can
handle Comtrade
» TOP: Electrotek wrote for EPRI-DCG and
extended for harmonics programs, ATP
– Available free: http://www.electrotek.com/TOP
– Good post processing capabilities.
– Output to Comtrade
» Matlab: Can use “PL42MAT” to convert output
from ATP to data file for Matlab.

Introduction 14 Spring 2014

7
U ECE524

I Graphical Interfaces Lecture 1

 EMTP is written in FORTRAN


» FORTRAN read statements,
» Restrictions on input data file
 Several attempts at graphical interfaces
 ATPDraw is best option for ATP
 Use to create circuit and enter parameters
 Program creates the EMTP format data file
 Run ATP and call plot from ATPDRAW

Introduction 15 Spring 2014

U ECE524

I ATPDraw Lecture 1

 Available for download from ATP distribution sites


 Follow link for ATPDraw for information about the
program
» Latest versions are version 5.9.
» File format not compatible with older versions
» http://www.atpdraw.net/ (ATPDraw only, not ATP itself)
 Get the program and the patch files (update to fix
bugs in executable)
 Manual and introduction presentation for download

Introduction 16 Spring 2014

8
U ECE524

I Capabilities Lecture 1

 Graphical pre-processor for ATP


 MS Windows (old DOS version too)
 Development funded BPA and SINTEF Energy
Research
 Automatically fills in the fields, removing a major
source of errors in data files
 Still some sources of errors remain

Introduction 17 Spring 2014

U ECE524

I ATP Tools for ECE 524 Lecture 1

 If you choose to you use ATP:


» Apply for a license and then contact me
» Download the following
– Atpmingw.zip
– Most recent of ATPDraw5x_install.zip
– Most recent of PlotXY.zip

Introduction 18 Spring 2014

9
U ECE524

I PSCAD/EMTDC Lecture 1

 Education version available in ECE labs


 Free Student Edition (15 node limit)
» Go to: http://www.pscad.com/
» Create account and get set up to download
– Download the Program itself
– Includes free Fortran Compiler
 Need unless you have compatible one installed

Introduction 19 Spring 2014

U Learning ATPDraw/ATP ECE524

I or PSCAD/EMTDC Lecture 1

 Class will have basic intro for both programs


 Build on this as we go along, with examples
 Program manuals
 Program intros from other recent course
» ATPDraw version 5.7
http://www.ece.uidaho.edu/ee/power/404VSC/Lectures/L5/L5_ATPDraw.pdf

» PSCAD/EMTDC version 4.2


http://www.ece.uidaho.edu/ee/power/404VSC/Lectures/L6/L6.pdf

Introduction 20 Spring 2014

10

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