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Class 02 Guide

This document provides an overview of topics to be covered in Class 02, including comments, data types, variables, assigning data to variables, and placeholders. It discusses single-line and multi-line comments in C. Integer and decimal data types are covered, along with how to declare variables of each type using keywords like int and double. The document also explains how to assign values to variables using the = sign and re-assign values later. It concludes with an overview of placeholders like %d, %lf, and %c for printing variable values.

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Aditya Ghose
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23 views3 pages

Class 02 Guide

This document provides an overview of topics to be covered in Class 02, including comments, data types, variables, assigning data to variables, and placeholders. It discusses single-line and multi-line comments in C. Integer and decimal data types are covered, along with how to declare variables of each type using keywords like int and double. The document also explains how to assign values to variables using the = sign and re-assign values later. It concludes with an overview of placeholders like %d, %lf, and %c for printing variable values.

Uploaded by

Aditya Ghose
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CLASS 02 GUIDE 

 
In this class, we are going to cover the following topics: 
 
● Comments  
● Data types 
● Variables 
● Data assigning to variables 
● Placeholders 
 
COMMENTS​: 
Comments are always ignored by C. They are used for your convenience; in case you need to write a 
note that what a piece of code does. 
There are 2 types of comments: Single-Line Comments & Multi-line comments. 
 
Single-Line Comments -​ ​As the name suggests, Single-line comments can only be written on one 
line. If you press enter and write your comments on the next line, it won’t work. To write a single 
line comment just type double forward slashes → ​// 
 
Example:  
// This is a single line comment 
 
Multi-Line Comments -​ ​As the name suggests, multi-line comments can be written using multiple 
lines. That is if you press enter in the middle of a line C won’t complain. 
The syntax is ​/* Your comment goes here */ 
 
Example:  
/* 
This is  
a multi-line 
Comment */ 
 
DATA TYPES​: 
Data Types are basically types of data- as simple as that. For example, number, strings, characters, 
etc. 
 
The ​number ​data type can be categorized into two more parts: integers and decimal point values. 
● Integers are those numbers who don’t have a decimal value like 8, 9, 1000, -8, 6755, etc. 
● Decimal points are just the opposite: numbers with decimal points like 8.0, 6.7, 1000.90, 
-92.4, 67.6666, etc. 
The ​character ​data type specifies a single character. For example c, 8, u, A, etc. 
 
 
How do we tell C about all these data types? 
 
They have a special syntax for that.  
 
To specify an integer value, we use the ​int ​keyword. 
To specify a decimal point value we use the ​double ​keyword. 
To specify a character value we use the ​char ​keyword. 
 
These are reserved keywords that C will understand automatically. 
 
VARIABLES​: 
A variable holds value for you. It’s just like a storage box. It will store a value for you. 
We use variables to store data of different data types. 
For example, a variable can hold an integer. 
 
How to declare a variable? 
 
The syntax goes like this, you mention the data type first (which you select from above: int double 
char) then you mention the name of the variable (the name can be anything you want) and end with 
a semi-colon: 
 
datatype​ ​variableName​; 
For example, 
int​ ​potato​; 
char​ ​fajita​; 
double​ ​chicken​; 
IMPORTANT NOTE: Variable names cannot have spaces in between them. You can either use 
camelCase or use underscore like this: camel_case Variables should not contain punctuations 
except underscore. Variable names should always be unique i.e you cannot have two variables 
with the same name. A variable name should not ​start ​with numbers or any punctuations 
except underscore. 
 
For example, 
int​ ​chickenSalad​; → camel Case method 
char​ ​kacchi_biriyani​; → using underscore method 
double ​_​faluda​; → names starting with underscore 
 
ASSIGNING DATA TO VARIABLES​: 
The main purpose of the variable is holding data. This topic explains how you can tell a variable to 
hold data. You assign a value to a variable using the ​=​ ​sign. 
For Example: 
int​ ​banana ​=​ ​9​; 
double ​banana ​=​ ​10.78​; 
For char variables assigning is a bit different. It goes like this → it should be enclosed within a 
single quote. 
char ​apple ​=​ ​‘​c​’; 
RE-ASSIGNING DATA TO VARIABLES​: 
You can change the value of a variable after you have assigned it or declared it. 
 
Example 01: Declaring variable first and assigning a value later. 
int​ ​starKabab​; 
starKabab​ =​ 19; 
Example 02: Declaring a variable and assigning value at the same time.  
int​ ​takeOut ​= ​57​; 
Example 03: Declaring a variable, assigning a value and changing it later  
double ​madChef ​= ​59.6​; 
madChef ​= ​98.10; 
 
PLACEHOLDERS​: 
Placeholders are used to print the variable’s data.  
Different data types have different placeholders: 
● int → %d 
● double → %lf 
● char → %c 
 
For example, if you want to print the value of ​takeOut​ variable declared above you would do the 
following: 
printf(“This is %d”, takeOut); 
Example 02: 
printf(“Mad Chef has the value %lf”, madChef); 
 
Try out ​%c​ for yourself. 
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